EP0852973B1 - Verfahren zum Herstellen von einem metallischen Formbehälter und durch das Verfahren hergestellter Nahrungsmittelbehälter - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Herstellen von einem metallischen Formbehälter und durch das Verfahren hergestellter Nahrungsmittelbehälter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0852973B1
EP0852973B1 EP97402849A EP97402849A EP0852973B1 EP 0852973 B1 EP0852973 B1 EP 0852973B1 EP 97402849 A EP97402849 A EP 97402849A EP 97402849 A EP97402849 A EP 97402849A EP 0852973 B1 EP0852973 B1 EP 0852973B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
peripheral skirt
area
blank
side wall
zone
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97402849A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0852973A1 (de
Inventor
Michel D'amore
Patrick Erhard
François Muia
Pierre Damiani
André Leplomb
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sollac SA
Original Assignee
Sollac SA
Lorraine de Laminage Continu SA SOLLAC
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Application filed by Sollac SA, Lorraine de Laminage Continu SA SOLLAC filed Critical Sollac SA
Publication of EP0852973A1 publication Critical patent/EP0852973A1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
    • B21D51/16—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects
    • B21D51/26—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects cans or tins; Closing same in a permanent manner
    • B21D51/2646—Of particular non cylindrical shape, e.g. conical, rectangular, polygonal, bulged

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a method of manufacturing a metal can of form.
  • Food metal boxes are commonly used as beverage cans to contain liquids or as cans to contain solid food.
  • This kind of boxes can be for example from cylindrical, elliptical, square or rectangular section or hexagonal and comprises, on the one hand, a bottom and a side wall formed integrally with this bottom and, on the other hand, a cover crimped on the side wall.
  • the drink cans that are usually cylindrical section are generally obtained by a stamping-stretching process.
  • the first consists in stamping a precouple and to re-stamp this precouple to form a cup having a bottom and a peripheral edge, then to stretch the peripheral edge of the cup so to get the box with a bottom and a side wall come of matter with this background.
  • the second technique is to stamp a metal blank to form a cup comprising a bottom and a peripheral edge and calibrate this cup to give it the diameter of the box, then stretch the peripheral edge of the cup to obtain the box with its bottom and its side wall coming from matter with this background.
  • the free edge of the side wall is outlined, then we form the neck and the crimping edge according to two conventional techniques, either a matrix shrinking technique, or a wheel shrinking technique.
  • Tins with a bottom and a side wall made of material with this bottom are generally obtained by a stamping technique and deep drawing in several passes.
  • box manufacturers are looking for to make boxes of reduced weight, that is to say with thinner walls of thickness.
  • the dislocations generated in the metal are oriented in the same direction which limits the possibilities of subsequent deformation.
  • the metal gets breaks due to high mechanical characteristics metal and therefore it is impossible to form this area by a modification of the perimeter.
  • the side wall therefore has a large heterogeneity of these mechanical characteristics with portions with more mechanical characteristics or lower which has drawbacks.
  • recrystallization annealing localized and performed for example by induction is a expensive operation and requires complex tools.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method of manufacturing shaped metal boxes which allows to restore to metal the capacities of deformation to be able to achieve in particular on the side wall at least one shaped area without risk of metal breaking in this area and without lead to profound changes in the line of production of these boxes.
  • the method according to the invention applies also to metal boxes of section shape any, such as for example cylindrical, elliptical, square, rectangular section or hexagonal.
  • Fig. 1 there is shown schematically a metal box of shape designated in its together by reference 1 which has a bottom 2 provided a foot 2a and a dome 2b and a side wall 3 integral with said bottom 2.
  • the upper end of the side wall 3 is provided with a neck 4 and a crimping edge with a cover, not shown.
  • This kind of metal can is performed as follows.
  • a metal blank made of steel or aluminum or aluminum alloy, a blank 10 formed of a bottom 11 and a peripheral skirt 12, as shown in Fig. 2.
  • Foot 2a and dome 2b of box 1 can be done directly during this first step or done later.
  • the draft 10 is generally obtained by a stamping-stretching process which consists of stamping the metal blank to form a cup comprising a bottom and a peripheral edge and to calibrate this cup to give it the diameter of the box, then stretch the peripheral edge of the cup so obtain draft 10.
  • the Applicant realized that by performing a deformation in constricted mode or in extension mode on the area of the peripheral skirt 12 of the blank 10, the dislocations generated in the metal constituting this area reorganize which allows to be able create the shaped area 5 without risk of breakage of metal by modifying the perimeter, i.e. by an increase or decrease in this scope.
  • the process therefore consists, during a second step, to be carried out on at least one area of the peripheral skirt 12 intended to produce the area form 5 of the side wall 3, a deformation operation in constricted mode or in extension mode and, during a third step, to shape the peripheral skirt 12 of the blank 10 to obtain the side wall 3 from box 1.
  • Fig. 3 the diagram is shown rational deformation of a metal blank according to the three directions ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 3, ⁇ 1 being for example the deformation in the longitudinal direction, ⁇ 2 being for example the deformation in the transverse direction and ⁇ 3 being the deformation in thickness.
  • ⁇ 1 is greater than ⁇ 2 (not in absolute value).
  • the mode necked including pure necked mode and mode constrained extension and expansion mode including extension mode and biaxial expansion mode.
  • the deformation mode in pure shrinking leads to an increase in thickness and the other modes of deformation cause a decrease of thickness.
  • the restricted mode can be achieved with an increase in thickness in the case of the mode shrinking pure or with reduction in thickness in the case of extension restricted mode.
  • At least one area of the skirt is produced device 12 of the blank 10 intended to carry out the shaped area 5 of the side wall 3, a shrinking deformation operation, i.e. with increase in the thickness of the area under consideration peripheral skirt 12 in the case of pure necked mode or with reduction in the thickness of said area of the skirt device 12 in the case of expansion constrained mode or in extension mode, i.e. with reduction of the thickness of this zone of the peripheral skirt 12.
  • this peripheral skirt 12 can have a portion of constant section only on a part of its height or have a flared shape.
  • zone 12a we exercise in zone 12a, ie on either side of the peripheral skirt 12 included in this zone, a balanced pressure P1 around 20 bars, for example by air injection under pressure.
  • the two greenhouses 20 and 21 can be movable towards each other.
  • the pressure P1 keeps zone 12a of the skirt device 12 and avoid a buckling of this area 12a.
  • zone 12a The distortion in pure shrinking mode as well performed in zone 12a allows the metal to be restored in this zone deformation capacities to be able to subsequently perform the shaped area 5.
  • the shaped area 5 is then obtained conventionally for example by forming using of fluid or by tools with expanding segments or by stamping.
  • This shaped area 5 can be in outward relief of the side wall 3 of the box 1 or towards the inside of this side wall 3 i.e. with an increase in the scope of the side wall 3 or either with reduction of said perimeter.
  • the blank 10 is placed in a form 22 which includes a central well intended to receive this blank 10 and a bottom 23 for supporting said draft 10.
  • the pressure P1 keeps the skirt device 12 against form 22 and avoid its buckling.
  • the distortion in pure shrinking mode as well carried over the entire height of the peripheral skirt 12 allows to give back to the metal in this peripheral skirt deformation capacities to achieve a set area in shape extending in particular over the entire height of said peripheral skirt 12.
  • form 22 has at its upper part a rim 22a conforming to the external shape of the neck 12b as shown in Fig. 6.
  • a zone 12a of the peripheral skirt 12 of the blank 10 a deformation in extension mode.
  • a shape 25 which has at its periphery a footprint 25a of height corresponding to the height of zone 12a on which the deformation in extension mode and outside said blank 10 a counterform 26 which includes a rod 26a.
  • This counterform 26 is radially displaceable towards the shape 25.
  • the distortion operation in shrunken mode of zone 12a is achieved by radially moving the counterform 26 to form 25 to form a first elementary area, then going down the counterform 26 to form a succession of elementary zones overlapping between them and this over the entire height of footprint 5a.
  • the form 25 can be disposed outside the peripheral skirt 12 of the blank 10 and the counterform 26 can be arranged at the interior of said peripheral skirt 12.
  • Deformation in extension mode as well performed on zone 12a allows the metal to be restored in this zone 12 has deformation capacities to be able to make the shaped area 5 of the side wall 3.
  • This shaped area 5 is obtained as for the previous embodiments for example by forming using a fluid or by segment tools expandable or buffered.
  • the deformation in mode extension can also be carried out over the entire height of the peripheral skirt 12, as shown in Fig. 8.
  • the form 25 comprises at its periphery a footprint 25b of corresponding height at the height of the peripheral skirt 12.
  • the form 25 can be disposed outside the peripheral skirt 12 of the blank 10 and the form 26 can be arranged inside of this peripheral skirt 12.
  • a shape 27 which has an imprint 27a which corresponds to the zone 12a of the peripheral skirt 12 on which the mode deformation must be performed extension and outside of said blank 10 a counterform 28 which has a projecting part 28a of shape complementary to the imprint 27a of the shape 27.
  • This counterform 28 is radially displaceable towards the shape 27.
  • the deformation operation in extension mode of zone 12a is carried out in a single pass in radially moving the counterform 28 towards the form 27.
  • the form 27 can be disposed outside the peripheral skirt 12 of the blank 10 and the counterform 28 can be arranged inside said peripheral skirt 12.
  • the element arranged at the interior of this peripheral skirt can be produced in the form of a tool composed of expandable segments to allow passage through the neck.
  • Figs. 10A to 10D a other embodiment of the method according to the invention in which a deformation is carried out in constricted mode of the entire height of the peripheral skirt 12 of draft 10.
  • the punch 31 has a central bore tubular 32 for the injection of pressurized air, such as we will see it later.
  • the internal perimeter of the matrix 30 is less than the outer perimeter of the peripheral skirt 12 of draft 10.
  • This blank 10 is supported by a pusher 32 vertically movable.
  • the pusher 32 rises gradually while the matrix 30 and the fish 31 are fixed.
  • the upper edge of the peripheral skirt 12 of the blank 10 engages in the space provided between the die 30 and the punch 31 so as to gradually reduce the perimeter of the peripheral skirt 12.
  • this punch 31 is reassembled, as shown in FIG. 10C.
  • each pass is therefore characterized by a determined reduction in the scope by the dimensions of each set of tools used.
  • the shaped area 5 is obtained in a conventional manner for example by forming using a fluid or by segment tools expandable or buffered.
  • FIGS. 11A to 11D there is shown a variant of the previous embodiment which applies more particularly to the blanks 10 whose bottom has already been formed, as shown in FIG. 11A.
  • a calibration tool consisting of a matrix 30 identical to that of the previous one embodiment and a punch 33 comprising a tubular central bore 33a for air passage under pressure.
  • the bottom wall of the punch 33 has a concave profile.
  • the blank 10 is supported by a pusher 34 whose upper face has a profile convex.
  • Pusher 34 gradually lifts the blank 10 so as to engage the upper edge of the peripheral skirt 12 of this blank 10 in space formed between the die 30 and the punch 33, as shown in Fig. 11B.
  • Pressurized air is injected through the tubular bore 33a between the bottom wall of the punch 33 and the bottom 11 of the blank 10.
  • Pusher 34 continues its movement until the bottom wall of the punch 33 comes into contact with the bottom 11 of the blank 10, as shown in Fig. 11C.
  • the assembly constituted by the punch 33, the blank 10 and the pusher 34 is lifted so to pass the entire peripheral skirt 12 in the matrix 30 to calibrate the skirt device 12 over its entire height.
  • the distortion in mode thus shrinks performed by calibrating the peripheral skirt 12 of the blank 10 makes it possible to restore the metal constituting this peripheral skirt of the deformation capacities for the realization of the shaped area 5 on the box 1.
  • Figs. 12A to 12C a another mode of implementation in which a double operation in restricted mode or in extension mode.
  • a blank 10 is produced from a metal blank formed of a bottom 11 and a peripheral skirt 12 (Fig. 12A).
  • the bottom 11 is flat or has a foot and a dome formed during this stage.
  • this first operation was carried out on an area 12a of the peripheral skirt. But this first operation can be performed on several areas of the peripheral skirt 12 or over the whole of said peripheral skirt 12.
  • This first deformation operation in restricted mode or in extension mode therefore allowed restore to the metal in zone 12a the capacities of deformation to be able to achieve, during a third step, a shaped area 5, as shown in Fig. 12B.
  • This shaped area 5 can also be carried out with a reduction in the perimeter of said peripheral skirt 12.
  • this shaped area 5 After performing this shaped area 5, it is carried out by one of the modes of implementation described above, on a portion 12c of this zone shaping 5, a second deformation operation in shrunk mode or extension mode to give back to the metal constituting this portion 12c of the capacities of deformation to be able to create a new set area in shape 5a on the first shaped area 5, as shown in FIG. 12C.
  • This shaped area 5a can also be achieved with an increase in the scope of the first shaped area 5.
  • the process according to the invention for manufacturing of shaped metal boxes has the advantage of ability to make on at least part of the skirt peripheral of a blank, at least one area set form without risk of metal breaking at the time of formation of this area.
  • the shaping of the skirt area peripheral of the blank intended to realize the zone shaping of the side wall of the box can be achieved by increasing or decreasing the scope of said shaped area.
  • the shaping of the the peripheral skirt of the blank intended to produce the shaped area of the side wall of the box can be achieved by increasing the perimeter in some portions of this area and decreasing the perimeter in other portions of said shaped area.
  • the method according to the invention can be implemented works from a metal blank in steel, in aluminum or aluminum alloy and the operation of deformation in constricted mode or in extension mode can be made on blanks of any cross-section, i.e. cylindrical, elliptical, square rectangular or hexagonal or on blanks whose peripheral skirt has a flared shape.
  • the shaped area can be carried out on a or more portions of the side wall of the box or over the entire height or the entire perimeter of this side wall or over the entire height and over all the perimeter of said side wall.
  • the method according to the invention applies generally in the manufacture of boxes food, that is to say drink cans for liquids or cans for food solid.
  • This process also has the advantage of be able to be implemented without requiring modifications production lines for boxes.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Food Preservation Except Freezing, Refrigeration, And Drying (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
  • Formation And Processing Of Food Products (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Blechformdose (1) mit einem Boden (2) und einer materialeinheitlich mit dem Boden (2) ausgebildeten Seitenwandung (3), wobei die Seitenwandung (3) zumindest eine Formzone (5, 5a) aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass:
    im Laufe eines ersten Schritts ausgehend von einer Blechscheibe ein Rohling (10) realisiert wird, der mit einem Boden (11) und mit einem Umfangsmantel (12) gebildet ist,
    im Laufe eines zweiten Schritts auf zumindest einer Zone (12a, 12c) des Umfangsmantels (12), die dazu bestimmt ist, die Formzone (5, 5a) der Seitenwandung (3) zu bilden, ein Verformungsvorgang in Gestalt einer Querschnittsverminderung oder Querschnittserweiterung ausgeführt wird,
    und im Laufe eines dritten Schritts der Umfangsmantel (12) des Rohlings ausgeformt wird, um die Seitenwandung (3) der Dose (1) zu erhalten.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Umfangsmantel (12) des Rohlings (10) auf zumindest einem Teil seiner Höhe einen Bereich mit konstantem Querschnitt besitzt.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Umfangsmantel (12) des Rohlings (10) über seine gesamte Höhe einen Bereich mit konstantem Querschnitt besitzt.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Umfangsmantel (12) des Rohlings (10) eine ausgebauchte Form besitzt.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Laufe des zweiten Schritts der Verfarmungsvorgang in Gestalt einer Querschnittsverminderung oder einer Querschnittserweiterung über die gesamte Höhe des Umfangsmantels (12) des Rohlings (10) ausgeführt wird.
  6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Laufe des dritten Schritts die Formgabe der Zone (12a, 12c) des Umfangsmantels, die dazu bestimmt ist, die Formzone (5, 5a) der Seitenwandung (3) zu bilden, ausgeführt wird durch Vergrößern des Umfangs der Zone.
  7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Laufe des dritten Schritts die Formgebung der Zone (12a, 12c) des Umfangsmantels (12), die dazu bestimmt ist, die Formzone (5, 5a) der Seitenwandung (3) zu bilden, ausgeführt wird durch Verkleinern des Umfangs der Zone.
  8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Laufe des dritten Schritts die Formgabe der Zone (12a, 12c) des Umfangsmantels, die dazu bestimmt ist, die Formzone (5, 5a) der Seitenwandung (3) zu bilden, ausgeführt wird durch Vergrößern des Umfangs in bestimmten Bereichen dieser Zone und durch Verkleinern des Umfangs in den übrigen Bereichen dieser Zone.
  9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Blechscheibe aus Eisen besteht.
  10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Blechscheibe aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung besteht.
EP97402849A 1996-12-11 1997-11-26 Verfahren zum Herstellen von einem metallischen Formbehälter und durch das Verfahren hergestellter Nahrungsmittelbehälter Expired - Lifetime EP0852973B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9615229A FR2756757B1 (fr) 1996-12-11 1996-12-11 Procede de fabrication d'une boite metallique de forme et boite metallique alimentaire obtenue par ce procede
FR9615229 1996-12-11

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0852973A1 EP0852973A1 (de) 1998-07-15
EP0852973B1 true EP0852973B1 (de) 2002-04-03

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97402849A Expired - Lifetime EP0852973B1 (de) 1996-12-11 1997-11-26 Verfahren zum Herstellen von einem metallischen Formbehälter und durch das Verfahren hergestellter Nahrungsmittelbehälter

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0852973B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE215410T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69711586T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0852973T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2173406T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2756757B1 (de)
PT (1) PT852973E (de)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7934410B2 (en) 2006-06-26 2011-05-03 Alcoa Inc. Expanding die and method of shaping containers
AU2011291482B2 (en) 2010-08-20 2015-07-30 Kaiser Aluminum Warrick, Llc Shaped metal container and method for making same
US9327338B2 (en) 2012-12-20 2016-05-03 Alcoa Inc. Knockout for use while necking a metal container, die system for necking a metal container and method of necking a metal container
CA2943673C (en) 2014-03-25 2022-03-15 Betty Jean Pilon Method for blow molding metal containers
WO2016106454A1 (en) * 2014-12-30 2016-07-07 Pilon Betty Jean Impact extrusion method, tooling and product

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2731929B1 (fr) * 1995-03-21 1997-06-13 Lorraine Laminage Procede de fabrication d'une boite metallique de forme
FR2731927B1 (fr) * 1995-03-21 1997-06-13 Lorraine Laminage Procede de fabrication d'une boite metallique de forme

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69711586T2 (de) 2002-10-02
FR2756757A1 (fr) 1998-06-12
DK0852973T3 (da) 2002-07-29
DE69711586D1 (de) 2002-05-08
FR2756757B1 (fr) 1999-02-19
PT852973E (pt) 2002-08-30
ATE215410T1 (de) 2002-04-15
ES2173406T3 (es) 2002-10-16
EP0852973A1 (de) 1998-07-15

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