EP0725152A1 - Procédé et dispostif de refroidissement de profilés laminés à chaud - Google Patents

Procédé et dispostif de refroidissement de profilés laminés à chaud Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0725152A1
EP0725152A1 EP96100807A EP96100807A EP0725152A1 EP 0725152 A1 EP0725152 A1 EP 0725152A1 EP 96100807 A EP96100807 A EP 96100807A EP 96100807 A EP96100807 A EP 96100807A EP 0725152 A1 EP0725152 A1 EP 0725152A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooling
profile
heat
temperature
rail
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96100807A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0725152B1 (fr
Inventor
Meindert Meyer
Klaus Küppers
Manfred Albedyhl
Bruno Böhmer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SMS Siemag AG
Original Assignee
SMS Schloemann Siemag AG
Schloemann Siemag AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SMS Schloemann Siemag AG, Schloemann Siemag AG filed Critical SMS Schloemann Siemag AG
Publication of EP0725152A1 publication Critical patent/EP0725152A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0725152B1 publication Critical patent/EP0725152B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/02—Hardening articles or materials formed by forging or rolling, with no further heating beyond that required for the formation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0062—Heat-treating apparatus with a cooling or quenching zone
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/04—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rails
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/667—Quenching devices for spray quenching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
    • C21D2221/02—Edge parts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for cooling from the rolling heat of hot-rolled profiles with profile parts of different masses arranged at a distance across the cross section, in particular rails on a cooling bed, and a device for carrying out the method.
  • Rails are cooled from the rolling heat to temperatures below 80 o C on cooling beds. Because of the asymmetrical arrangement of the masses of the profile, there is a different cooling behavior between the head and foot of the rail, in which the foot cools down faster than the head due to its larger heat-dissipating surfaces compared to the mass. As a result, the rail bends when it cools down. This curvature can be counteracted to a certain extent by pre-bending the still hot rail. However, this disadvantageously requires a complex hot bending process with an uncertain result. In any case, the rails must be readjusted after cooling. Both the cooling process and especially the straightening create residual stresses in the rail, which adversely affect its strength.
  • DE 42 37 991 A1 describes a method for cooling profiled rolling stock hot-rolled in roll stands, in particular rails on a cooling bed, with natural convection or with forced air cooling.
  • the invention is that the rails are hung upside down, transported over the cooling bed.
  • the heat transfer conditions are changed so favorably even with natural convection that the temperature difference between the head and foot of the rail decreases from approx. 140 ° C. with the rail lying down to approx. 50 ° C. with the rail hanging.
  • the disadvantages of becoming crooked are effectively reduced and it is achieved that an almost straight rail is inserted into the straightening machine for finishing, whereby the end stresses in the rail material are kept extremely low.
  • DE-PS 404 127 discloses a method for straightening metal bars of asymmetrical cross-section, in particular of railroad tracks, the invention consisting in that the large parts of the cross-section are subjected to a controlled artificial cooling in such a way that all parts despite their unequal thicknesses shrink by the same amount and the rods stay straight when they cool down to ambient temperature.
  • the artificial cooling is produced either by immersion in a liquid, by wetting or sprinkling, by blowing with an atomized liquid, with steam, air or other gases, the agent used being continuous or with interruptions during the entire duration or only during part of the cooling period. It is remarkable in the process that the artificial cooling can be controlled in such a way that the bars, even if they are made of high-carbon steel or a hardenable alloy, are not hardened during the cooling.
  • test pieces of hot-rolled profiles are used at least for each batch, which, if the result is not immediately satisfactory, require repetitions and in many cases initially lead to the production of rejects.
  • the invention has for its object to improve a method and an apparatus for cooling hot-rolled profiles of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1 and to perfect them to such an extent that the aforementioned difficulties are overcome and a distortion-free Cooling result when cooling from the rolling heat is achieved without costly and time-consuming experiments and without the resulting scrap.
  • the solution to the method according to the invention is achieved by first determining the amounts of heat to be extracted from the different profile parts in accordance with their mass and temperature and the amount of cooling media required for this purpose, using measuring technology, in cooperation with a computing unit with the aid of a computing program and calculated and then the cooling of the different profile parts or their masses is carried out in such a controlled manner that they convert the conversion line A r3 / A r1 with the smallest possible time delay when the gamma mixed crystal decomposes into ferrite and / or Reach pearlite while releasing the heat of transformation.
  • the method has the great advantage that, with different batches, a perfect cooling result is obtained without curvature of the profile, even without the need for costly empirical tests.
  • One embodiment of the method provides that the further cooling from the transition temperature to a predetermined final temperature is carried out in such a way that the different centers of mass of the profile reach the final temperature with as little time delay as possible. In addition to a perfect cooling result without bending the rail, this measure ensures an optimal tempering condition with uniform hardness across the profile cross-section.
  • the transformation temperature of the underlying steel quality is expediently taken into account when calculating the amounts of heat to be extracted from the profile parts.
  • a further expedient embodiment of the invention provides that when the rolling stock profile or parts thereof are cooled using water as a coolant, the heat transfer coefficients which occur on the different profile surfaces are determined and with these the task quantities of coolants required for cooling the profile surfaces are predetermined. This eliminates time-consuming experiments and lost test material.
  • Another very advantageous embodiment of the method is achieved in that the rails with down hanging heads over a cooling bed and controlled cooling of the different mass centers is carried out at least in part by natural convection and additionally due to the amount of heat to be extracted from the profile parts according to hate and temperature by additional use of cooling medium. This reduces the curvature of the profile to such an extent that a message can either be omitted entirely or only a minor message is required while avoiding harmful tensions.
  • the heat can be removed by targeted and preferably intermittent spraying of individual profile parts with cooling medium.
  • the measure can also be taken that the rolling stock profile is cooled to different intensities, seen over the rolled length. And finally, controlled heat extraction can be repeated once or several times by immersing the entire rolled stock profile or individual parts of it in a cooling medium, with predetermined cycle times.
  • a device for carrying out the method according to the invention provides that, in addition to a rail, means for measuring the heat radiation from different profile parts, such as head, web or foot part, are arranged at intervals along its rolling length, which are connected to a computing unit via data lines, in which the dimensions or masses of these profile parts are entered with an input data line and which is programmed in such a way that it calculates the product from temperature and mass and controls the coolant supply device according to this product via a signal line.
  • a preferred embodiment of the device provides that the cooling bed controllable coolant supply devices for different cooling media, for. B. water, air, water / air mixtures.
  • FIG. 1 shows curves of different cooling profiles of different cross-sectional parts in the ZTU diagram, which reach the conversion line A r1 at comparatively different times depending on their mass and thus their temperature focus .
  • the temporal differences occurring here result in differences between 40 and 120 seconds.
  • This steel was austenitized at 950 o C with a holding time of 15 minutes after a five-minute heating process.
  • the heat released can be up to 90 kJ / kg.
  • a length increase of approx. 0.3% occurs in this conversion process.
  • the known plastic deformations of asymmetrical profiles on the cooling bed mainly take place during the conversion phase described above, while the curvature of the profile only becomes visible at the end of the cooling bed when the temperatures are balanced over the cross section. The inherent stresses associated with this cannot be completely reduced by straightening.
  • this process can be explained as follows: When the rail cools down after rolling, the foot (12, Fig. 5) first reaches the conversion line A r3 / A r1 due to its lower mass and its larger radiation area in relation to the mass and begins to grow.
  • FIG. 2 shows the cross section of a rail in approximately natural size, the rail section being equipped with thermocouples at the points labeled 1 to 5.
  • the rail section is austenitized in an oven at 1000 o C and then cooled in air with natural convection.
  • the cooling process at the individual measuring points 1 -5 was recorded in a diagram.
  • FIG. 3 The cooling curves associated with the measuring points 1-5 according to FIG. 2 are drawn in with individual curves. From the diagram when cooling by means of natural convection without additional cooling z. B. the head (10) that the center of gravity (4) of the foot (12) reaches the A r3 / A r1 line after about 6.5 minutes and the conversion after 10 minutes has ended. The center of gravity (1) of the head (10) only starts the conversion after approx. 8.5 minutes and has ended after 12 minutes. At this point, the rail foot (12) is already about 100 o C colder and therefore has a much higher hot stretch than the rail head (10).
  • the increase in length of the rail head (10) associated with the conversion is completely or partially suppressed by the foot (12) and the rail head (10) is thereby plastically deformed, ie compressed.
  • the rail cooled down, this was visible through a clear curvature over the rail head (10).
  • the amount of heat that has to be extracted from the rail head (10) has now been calculated to ensure that it reaches the conversion line A r3 / A r1 at the same time as the rail base (12).
  • the heat of transformation of the corresponding steel (0.8% C) was also taken into account according to the invention. Based on the calculation, in addition to natural convection, the rail head (10) was cooled by additional spraying with water.
  • FIG 5 a possible embodiment of the invention is shown purely schematically.
  • the rail is suspended overhead (10) with the foot (12) in a holder (21).
  • Measuring heads (30, 31, 32) are arranged so that the measuring head (30) the thermal radiation of the rail base (12), the measuring head (31) the thermal radiation of the web (11) and the measuring head (32) the thermal radiation of the rail head (10 ) is recorded and the measured values are reported to the computing unit (40) via the data lines (33, 34, 35).
  • the dimensions or masses of the assigned profile parts (10, 11, 12) are additionally entered with the input data line (36), from which the correspondingly programmed computing unit derives the product of temperature and mass for the individual profile parts (10, 11, 12).
  • the dash-dotted line (50) indicates, by way of example, a cooling bed which has controllable coolant feed devices (45-47) for different cooling media (48). These cooling media can be water, air, water / air mixtures.
  • the cooling process of the rail is so evened out by targeted measures that the main masses, head (10), web (11) and foot (12) reach the conversion line A r3 / A r1 at about the same time and the length change that then occurs different profile parts also take place simultaneously. This prevents an area of the rail profile from being compressed or stretched.
  • temperature differences across the cross-section can again be set, but the stresses generated thereby are clearly below the respective yield strength, so that the resulting deformations take place in the elastic range, with the result that a rail treated in this way is almost stress-free after cooling and is about as straight as it was in the hot-rolled state before the treatment according to the invention.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Control Of Heat Treatment Processes (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Control Of Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
EP96100807A 1995-02-04 1996-01-20 Procédé et dispostif de refroidissement de profilés laminés à chaud Expired - Lifetime EP0725152B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19503747 1995-02-04
DE19503747A DE19503747A1 (de) 1995-02-04 1995-02-04 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abkühlen von warmgewalzten Profilen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0725152A1 true EP0725152A1 (fr) 1996-08-07
EP0725152B1 EP0725152B1 (fr) 2000-03-08

Family

ID=7753229

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96100807A Expired - Lifetime EP0725152B1 (fr) 1995-02-04 1996-01-20 Procédé et dispostif de refroidissement de profilés laminés à chaud

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0725152B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4020445B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR960031630A (fr)
CN (1) CN1076757C (fr)
AT (1) ATE190360T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19503747A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2144161T3 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0807692A1 (fr) * 1996-05-15 1997-11-19 Sms Schloemann-Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour refroidir des poutrelles d'acier profilé
EP1111074A2 (fr) * 1999-12-23 2001-06-27 SMS Demag AG Procédé et dispostif de refroidissement de profilés laminés à chaud
WO2003012151A1 (fr) * 2001-08-01 2003-02-13 Sms Meer Gmbh Procede de refroidissement de pieces, en particulier de produits lamines profiles en acier qualite rail
CN113557312A (zh) * 2019-03-15 2021-10-26 日本制铁株式会社 钢轨

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1083013C (zh) * 1996-09-29 2002-04-17 攀枝花钢铁(集团)公司 利用轧制余热生产高强度钢轨的热处理方法及其装置
JP2007302946A (ja) * 2006-05-11 2007-11-22 Daido Steel Co Ltd 合金鋼の製造方法
RU2456352C1 (ru) * 2010-11-11 2012-07-20 Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью Научно-Производственное Предприятие "Томская Электронная Компания" Способ и устройство термической обработки рельсов
CN104307880A (zh) * 2014-11-10 2015-01-28 江苏亨特宏业重工有限公司 热轧机用节能式冷却机构
CN104561496B (zh) * 2014-12-25 2017-01-18 内蒙古科技大学 一种钢轨热处理用汽雾冷却实验装置
CN105349769B (zh) * 2015-12-08 2017-11-14 中国铁道科学研究院金属及化学研究所 一种钢轨闪光焊缝自动检测设备
CN107335770B (zh) * 2017-02-20 2019-05-10 湖北武铁山桥轨道装备有限公司 钢轨热处理系统和热处理工艺
CN109136514A (zh) * 2018-10-31 2019-01-04 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 热处理后钢轨输送装置

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE404127C (de) * 1924-02-16 1924-10-13 Cie Des Forges De Chatillon Co Verfahren zum Richten von Metallstangen unsymmetrischen Querschnittes, im besonderen on Eisenbahnschienen
DE1220876B (de) * 1962-04-26 1966-07-14 Kloeckner Werke Ag Verfahren zum Abkuehlen gewalzter Profile, insbesondere Schienen
DE1433715A1 (de) * 1964-01-17 1968-12-12 Breitenbach Gmbh Ed Verfahren zur Waermebehandlung von schweren Werkstuecken aus Schmiede- oder Gussstahl
US4486248A (en) * 1982-08-05 1984-12-04 The Algoma Steel Corporation Limited Method for the production of improved railway rails by accelerated cooling in line with the production rolling mill
EP0151194A1 (fr) * 1984-01-28 1985-08-14 VEB Stahl- und Walzwerk "Wilhelm Florin" Hennigsdorf Procédé pour améliorer la planéité de l'acier laminé
DE4237991A1 (de) * 1992-11-11 1994-05-19 Schloemann Siemag Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Abkühlung von warmgewalzten Profilen insbesondere von Schienen

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2109121A5 (fr) * 1970-10-02 1972-05-26 Wendel Sidelor

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE404127C (de) * 1924-02-16 1924-10-13 Cie Des Forges De Chatillon Co Verfahren zum Richten von Metallstangen unsymmetrischen Querschnittes, im besonderen on Eisenbahnschienen
DE1220876B (de) * 1962-04-26 1966-07-14 Kloeckner Werke Ag Verfahren zum Abkuehlen gewalzter Profile, insbesondere Schienen
DE1433715A1 (de) * 1964-01-17 1968-12-12 Breitenbach Gmbh Ed Verfahren zur Waermebehandlung von schweren Werkstuecken aus Schmiede- oder Gussstahl
US4486248A (en) * 1982-08-05 1984-12-04 The Algoma Steel Corporation Limited Method for the production of improved railway rails by accelerated cooling in line with the production rolling mill
EP0151194A1 (fr) * 1984-01-28 1985-08-14 VEB Stahl- und Walzwerk "Wilhelm Florin" Hennigsdorf Procédé pour améliorer la planéité de l'acier laminé
DE4237991A1 (de) * 1992-11-11 1994-05-19 Schloemann Siemag Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Abkühlung von warmgewalzten Profilen insbesondere von Schienen

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0807692A1 (fr) * 1996-05-15 1997-11-19 Sms Schloemann-Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour refroidir des poutrelles d'acier profilé
EP1111074A2 (fr) * 1999-12-23 2001-06-27 SMS Demag AG Procédé et dispostif de refroidissement de profilés laminés à chaud
EP1111074A3 (fr) * 1999-12-23 2004-01-07 SMS Demag AG Procédé et dispostif de refroidissement de profilés laminés à chaud
WO2003012151A1 (fr) * 2001-08-01 2003-02-13 Sms Meer Gmbh Procede de refroidissement de pieces, en particulier de produits lamines profiles en acier qualite rail
CN113557312A (zh) * 2019-03-15 2021-10-26 日本制铁株式会社 钢轨
CN113557312B (zh) * 2019-03-15 2023-04-04 日本制铁株式会社 钢轨

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR960031630A (ko) 1996-09-17
JPH08239719A (ja) 1996-09-17
ATE190360T1 (de) 2000-03-15
DE59604567D1 (de) 2000-04-13
CN1139595A (zh) 1997-01-08
CN1076757C (zh) 2001-12-26
JP4020445B2 (ja) 2007-12-12
DE19503747A1 (de) 1996-08-08
ES2144161T3 (es) 2000-06-01
EP0725152B1 (fr) 2000-03-08

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