EP0706965B1 - Dispositif de raccordement pour des bandes de matériau d'emballage enroulées en forme de bobines - Google Patents
Dispositif de raccordement pour des bandes de matériau d'emballage enroulées en forme de bobines Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0706965B1 EP0706965B1 EP95115389A EP95115389A EP0706965B1 EP 0706965 B1 EP0706965 B1 EP 0706965B1 EP 95115389 A EP95115389 A EP 95115389A EP 95115389 A EP95115389 A EP 95115389A EP 0706965 B1 EP0706965 B1 EP 0706965B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- packaging material
- material web
- web
- circular
- cylinder segment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 title claims description 75
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H19/00—Changing the web roll
- B65H19/10—Changing the web roll in unwinding mechanisms or in connection with unwinding operations
- B65H19/18—Attaching, e.g. pasting, the replacement web to the expiring web
- B65H19/1805—Flying splicing, i.e. the expiring web moving during splicing contact
- B65H19/1826—Flying splicing, i.e. the expiring web moving during splicing contact taking place at a distance from the replacement roll
- B65H19/1836—Flying splicing, i.e. the expiring web moving during splicing contact taking place at a distance from the replacement roll the replacement web being accelerated or running prior to splicing contact
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2301/00—Handling processes for sheets or webs
- B65H2301/40—Type of handling process
- B65H2301/46—Splicing
- B65H2301/461—Processing webs in splicing process
- B65H2301/4611—Processing webs in splicing process before splicing
- B65H2301/46115—Processing webs in splicing process before splicing by bringing leading edge to splicing station, e.g. by chain or belt
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2301/00—Handling processes for sheets or webs
- B65H2301/40—Type of handling process
- B65H2301/46—Splicing
- B65H2301/461—Processing webs in splicing process
- B65H2301/4615—Processing webs in splicing process after splicing
- B65H2301/4617—Processing webs in splicing process after splicing cutting webs in splicing process
- B65H2301/46174—Processing webs in splicing process after splicing cutting webs in splicing process cutting both spliced webs separately
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2301/00—Handling processes for sheets or webs
- B65H2301/40—Type of handling process
- B65H2301/46—Splicing
- B65H2301/463—Splicing splicing means, i.e. means by which a web end is bound to another web end
- B65H2301/4631—Adhesive tape
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2301/00—Handling processes for sheets or webs
- B65H2301/40—Type of handling process
- B65H2301/46—Splicing
- B65H2301/464—Splicing effecting splice
- B65H2301/4641—Splicing effecting splice by pivoting element
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2301/00—Handling processes for sheets or webs
- B65H2301/40—Type of handling process
- B65H2301/46—Splicing
- B65H2301/464—Splicing effecting splice
- B65H2301/46414—Splicing effecting splice by nipping rollers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a splicer for bobbin-like coils Packaging material webs for packaging machines, in particular Cigarette packaging machines, with a device for feeding a free end of a packaging material web to a running Packaging material web, a knife for cutting off the running packaging material web after splicing and a device for connection of the two packaging material webs.
- DE-C-3 929 981 describes a bobbin splicing device for Known cigarette packaging machines that work with pressure rollers, the packaging material web to be spliced in front of the nip is held by means of a terminal strip and from a recess of the neighboring Pressure roller is loosely arranged.
- Clamping strip clear the packaging material web and the pressure roller grips the end with a friction section.
- the splicing process has in this case with a greatly reduced conveying speed of the packaging material web and thus with a greatly reduced packaging speed Packaging machine to take place.
- the object of the invention is to provide a splicer for bobbin-like wound packaging material webs of the type mentioned at the beginning create that allows at full bobbin speed without manual Splicing engagement.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic front view of a splicer for a cigarette packaging machine.
- FIG. 2 shows a detail from FIG. 1 in detail.
- 3 to 5 show different stages of the splicing process, as is done with a splicer according to FIG. 1.
- a turntable 1 is provided, which by means of a Not shown drive can be rotated back and forth by 180 ° or can be rotated further.
- the turntable 1 has two, preferably one above the other arranged, provided with expandable jaws 2 for a bobbin 3 'or 3' ', which are provided with a bobbin core 4 is in which the receiving pin 2 engages and clamps it.
- the expiring Bobine 3 '' is according to the illustrated embodiment over the new bobbin 3 '.
- the bobbins 3 ', 3' ' can for example for the production of the inner paper, the outer paper or the wrapping film serve from cigarette packs.
- the new bobbin is 3 'to open first.
- a lever 5 is about an axis 6 rotatably provided, a carriage 7 at its free end wearing.
- the carriage 7 is against the outer circumference of the lever 5 Bobine 3 'pivotable and carries a schematically illustrated knife 8, that with the carriage 7 transverse to the packaging material web 9 'of the bobbin 3 'is movable to cut them.
- It is also a radially displaceable one Friction body engages with the outer circumference of the bobbin 3 ' bringable, which causes the packaging material web 9 'lifts off. This can be assisted by blowing air directed at the interface will. The blown air can with increasing strength or clocked be applied.
- the exposed end of the packaging material web 9 ' is in Blown towards a web material gripper 10 and caught by this.
- the web material gripper 10 comprises a two-armed lever 11, the about an axis 12 between two end positions (shown in Fig. 3) is rotatable back and forth.
- the shooting position for the end the packaging material web 9 ' is the web material gripper 10 with a Roller 13
- the free end of the lever arm directed towards the bobbin 3 ' 11 'of the lever 11 is arranged on the circumference of the bobbin 3'.
- Another, roller 14 parallel to roller 13 is located on a carriage 15, which is displaceable along the lever arm 11 '.
- the carriage 15 moves the roller 14 against the roller 13, so that the end the packaging material web 9 'is clamped. (Instead of the sliding one Roll 14 can also be brought into engagement with the roll 13 Gripper may be provided.)
- the Circular cylinder segment 21 carries a friction roller 23 axially parallel to Axis 19, while the counter element 22 is a partially cylindrical counter surface 24 bears against the friction roller 23.
- the counter element 22 has an outward peripheral surface 22 'corresponding to one Circular cylinder circumferential section, which engages between the circular cylinder segment 21 and counter element 22, the peripheral surface in the form of a circular cylinder peripheral portion the former continues, i.e. that both peripheral surfaces run with the same radius to axis 19.
- the counter element 22 has adjacent to the counter surface 24 a slightly less than semi-circular recess on average 25, which has a segment-shaped, in particular semicircular, section Holders 26 rotatably with respect to the counter element 22.
- a knife 27 for example a perforation knife, attached, which is released by turning the holder accordingly (see Fig. 5). With a corresponding rotation of the holder 26, it closes one between the circular cylinder segment 21 and the counter element 22 wedge-shaped gap.
- a lever-shaped loop former 28 is provided, the pivotable about an axis 29 and at its free end with a baffle plate 30 (or a deflection roller) protruding at right angles is provided.
- a gluing head 32 is provided which extends into the area the loop of the packaging material web formed by the loop former 28 9 'is retractable in order to have several glue beads, for example Hot glue caterpillars to apply.
- a rotating knife 33 is provided to the Cut the web of packaging material 9 '' in front of the splicer.
- the rotating Knife 33 is at the same peripheral speed as the web speed the packaging material web 9 '' rotatable.
- the knife 33 is on a circular arc into the path of the packaging material path 9 '' at the same time rotatable around its axis. (Instead, one with one standing knives interacting, perpendicular to the packaging material web 9 '' movable knife can be used.)
- the circular cylinder segment is first 21 pivoted away from the counter element 22 such that the web material gripper 11, which rests with its roller 13 on the bobbin 3 ', between can swing these two parts through without hindrance. If the packaging material web 9 'is clamped between the rollers 13, 14 is, the web material gripper 11 sinks down between the circular cylinder segment 21 and the counter element 22 therethrough. The packaging material web 9 'then runs over the edge located at the top right in FIG. 3 of the circular cylinder segment 21.
- the circular cylinder segment 21 pivots in Direction towards the counter element 22, so that the packaging material web 9 ' is pinched between the latter two, between the friction roller 23 and its counter surface 24. Furthermore, the Packaging material web 9 'between part of the flat section of the in Section of semicircular holder 26 and a flat counter surface 35 am Circular cylinder segment 21 (see FIG. 4) are additionally clamped, however can be some air here.
- the loop former 28 now swings into the path of the Packaging material web 9 'and causes the formation of a loop.
- the glue head 32 then moves into the loop and applies several glue beads on the packaging material web 9 '(alternatively it can also be a head 32, one on both sides adhesive strips or double-sided adhesive dots).
- the disc 20 rotates with the circular cylinder segment 21 and the counter element 22 and the clamped in between Packing material web 9 'in the direction of the pressure rollers 31', 31 '' and thus in the direction of the packaging material web 9 ′′.
- the glued Packaging material web 9 ' is thus applied to the first pressure roller 31' the packaging material web 9 '' pressed and connected to it.
- the gluing is preferably carried out so that a first Glue bead applied practically immediately adjacent to the holder 26 becomes. Then the holder 26 is rotated against the transport direction and with a portion adjacent to the friction roller 23 in one corresponding recess 36 received in the circular cylinder element 21. Thereby becomes a small section of the packaging material web carrying the first glue bead 9 'in the wedge-shaped gap thus formed between Circular cylinder segment 21 and counter element 22 drawn and therefore initially not glued to the packaging material web 9 ''.
- the circular cylinder segment 21 and its counter element 22 are by rotating the disc 20 from the web of the spliced packaging material web 9 'unscrewed, the same happens with the loop former 28, so that the packaging material web 9 'now over the Pressure rollers 31 ', 31' 'runs.
- the splicing can thus take place at full transport speed the packaging material web 9 '' and thus at full packaging speed the cigarette packaging machine. Furthermore is the splicer for different materials of packaging material (Paper, foil, cardboard, composite material, etc.).
- the remaining bobbin core can be in the upper position 4 removed and a new bobbin 3 'are arranged.
Landscapes
- Replacement Of Web Rolls (AREA)
- Wrapping Of Specific Fragile Articles (AREA)
- Packaging Of Annular Or Rod-Shaped Articles, Wearing Apparel, Cassettes, Or The Like (AREA)
Claims (12)
- Dispositif de jonction pour nappes (9', 9'') en matériau d'emballage enroulées à la manière d'une bobine et destinées à des machines d'emballage, en particulier à des machines pour l'emballage de cigarettes, comportant un agencement (10) pour amener une extrémité libre de la nappe (9') vers une nappe (9'') en cours de déroulement, un couteau (33) pour la séparation de la nappe (9'') en cours de déroulement après réalisation de la jonction et un dispositif pour l'assemblage des deux nappes (9', 9''), caractérisé par la présence d'un disque (20) rotatif autour d'un axe (19) perpendiculaire au plan de transport des nappes (9', 9''), ce disque présentant un segment cylindrique (21) tournant de manière indépendante autour de l'axe (19) ainsi qu'un contre-élément (22) placé de manière fixe en face du disque (20) et recevant un couteau (27) pour la séparation d'une extrémité restée libre de la nappe (9'), le segment (21) et le couteau (27) pouvant être amenés, à partir d'une position d'écartement réciproque, dans une position de serrage par rapport à l'extrémité libre de ladite nappe (9'), tandis que des rouleaux d'appui (31', 31''), sur lesquels passe la nappe (9'') en cours de déroulement, sont disposés sur la circonférence de basculement du pourtour du segment cylindrique (21) et que le dispositif (10) destiné à introduire une extrémité libre de la nappe (9') est un grappin lequel peut passer à travers l'interstice entre le segment (21) et le contre-élément (22) lorsque ces deux éléments sont en position d'écartement réciproque.
- Dispositif de jonction selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le segment cylindrique (21) supporte un rouleau de friction (23) et le contre-élément (22) une contre-face (24) pour ledit rouleau de friction (23).
- Dispositif de jonction selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le grappin (10) est un levier (11) pouvant pivoter vers une nouvelle bobine (3') et possède un dispositif de serrage (13, 14) pour l'extrémité libre de la nappe (9').
- Dispositif de jonction selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif (13, 14) est constitué de rouleaux de friction pouvant être serrés les uns contre les autres.
- Dispositif de jonction selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le grappin (10) supporte un contrepoids (18), de telle sorte qu'après libération il peut s'abaisser, avec l'extrémité libre de la nappe (9'), en passant entre le segment (21) et le contre-élément (22).
- Dispositif de jonction selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le grappin (10) peut passer à travers une paire de rouleaux d'évacuation (34) de l'extrémité séparée de la nappe (9').
- Dispositif de jonction selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les rouleaux (31', 31'') sont tendus sous l'effet d'un ressort dans la voie suivie par le segment (21).
- Dispositif de jonction selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif pour l'assemblage des deux nappes (9', 9'') comprend un formeur de boucles (28) et une tête colleuse (32) pouvant pénétrer dans la boucle de la nappe (9') formée par ledit formeur de boucles (28).
- Dispositif de jonction selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le formeur de boucles (28) peut être basculé pour pénétrer dans la voie suivie par la nappe (9') lors de la formation d'une boucle.
- Dispositif de jonction selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le contre-élément (22) porte un support (26) rotatif par rapport audit contre-élément (22) autour d'un axe parallèle à l'axe (19) du disque rotatif (20), pour le serrage de la nappe (9') entre ledit support (26) et une contre-face (35) présente sur le segment cylindrique (21).
- Dispositif de jonction selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le couteau (27) peut être dégagé par la rotation du support (26).
- Dispositif de jonction selon la revendication 10 ou 11, caractérisé en ce que le support (26), lorsqu'il est en prise avec le contre-élément (22), peut tourner pour pénétrer dans un évidement correspondant (36) du segment (21) de telle sorte qu'une section de la nappe (9') parvient dans une fente ainsi formée entre le segment cylindrique (21) et le contre-élément (22).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4436719A DE4436719A1 (de) | 1994-10-14 | 1994-10-14 | Spleißer für bobinenartig aufgewickelte Verpackungsmaterialbahnen |
DE4436719 | 1994-10-14 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0706965A1 EP0706965A1 (fr) | 1996-04-17 |
EP0706965B1 true EP0706965B1 (fr) | 1998-01-14 |
Family
ID=6530749
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95115389A Expired - Lifetime EP0706965B1 (fr) | 1994-10-14 | 1995-09-29 | Dispositif de raccordement pour des bandes de matériau d'emballage enroulées en forme de bobines |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5639338A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0706965B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH08192942A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1135449A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2159744A1 (fr) |
DE (2) | DE4436719A1 (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2102307C1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5783028A (en) * | 1995-12-04 | 1998-07-21 | Isowa Hooperswift, Ltd. | Sheet splicing apparatus |
US6027591A (en) * | 1996-09-16 | 2000-02-22 | United Container Machinery, Inc. | Single face splicer and method of using the same |
US6085820A (en) * | 1998-07-02 | 2000-07-11 | Ctc International Inc. | Heat seal butt splice assembly |
DE19839916A1 (de) * | 1998-09-02 | 2000-03-09 | Jagenberg Papiertech Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verminderung des Volumens oder Drucks eines Fluids, das von sich bewegenden Oberflächen in einen Spalt eingeschleppt wird |
DE102004017098A1 (de) * | 2004-04-07 | 2005-10-27 | Illinois Tool Works Inc., Glenview | Auto-Splice-System |
DE102006037189A1 (de) * | 2006-08-09 | 2008-02-14 | Khs Ag | Verfahren zum Durchführen eines Rollenwechsels bei einer Versorgungseinheit zum Zuführen eines bahnartigen Flachmaterials an eine Verpackungsmaschine oder dergleichen Verarbeitungsmaschine sowie Versorgungseinheit zum Durchführen dieses Verfahrens |
KR100968282B1 (ko) * | 2010-01-07 | 2010-07-30 | (주)아티스 | 보빈이송장치 |
CN101879992B (zh) * | 2010-06-11 | 2012-06-20 | 浙江正威机械有限公司 | 制袋机的自动收换卷拉断装置 |
DE102017007455A1 (de) | 2017-08-08 | 2019-02-14 | Hauni Maschinenbau Gmbh | Maschine der Tabak verarbeitenden Industrie zur gleichzeitigen Herstellung mehrerer Stränge |
WO2019107475A1 (fr) | 2017-11-30 | 2019-06-06 | 株式会社瑞光 | Dispositif d'alimentation en feuilles et procédé d'alimentation en feuilles |
CN109178997A (zh) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-01-11 | 常州亨利德包装机械有限公司 | 放卷装置 |
DE102019203746A1 (de) * | 2019-02-07 | 2020-08-13 | Bhs Corrugated Maschinen- Und Anlagenbau Gmbh | Klebestück |
CN113213223A (zh) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-08-06 | 宁波福驰科技有限公司 | 卷带自动接续机构 |
DE102022119215A1 (de) * | 2022-08-01 | 2024-02-01 | Körber Technologies Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Verbinden von endlichen Materialbahnen |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB993918A (en) * | 1963-03-14 | 1965-06-02 | Molins Organisation Ltd | A device for splicing webs |
JPS4838461B1 (fr) * | 1969-02-26 | 1973-11-17 | ||
JPS5329174B2 (fr) * | 1973-11-29 | 1978-08-18 | ||
IT1143850B (it) * | 1977-08-25 | 1986-10-22 | Ima Spa | Apparecchiatura per effettuare senza arresto la giunzione fra l estremita terminale di un nastro di una bobina in esaurimento e l estremita iniziale di una nuova bobina |
IT1166077B (it) * | 1979-04-03 | 1987-04-29 | Carle E Montanari Spa | Dispositivo giuntatore particolarmente adatto per assicurare la continuita del materiale d incarto alle macchine confezionatrici |
DE3515643A1 (de) * | 1985-04-27 | 1986-10-30 | B.A.T. Cigarettenfabriken GmbH, 2000 Hamburg | Anspleiss- und einfaedelvorrichtung fuer papierstreifen, insbesondere cigarettenpapierstreifen |
IT1186633B (it) * | 1985-10-11 | 1987-12-04 | Gd Spa | Dispositivo per unire l'estremita' finale di un nastro avvolto in una bobina in esaurimento con l'estremita' iniziale di una nuova bobina |
DE3929981C1 (fr) * | 1989-09-08 | 1991-03-07 | Maschinenfabrik Alfred Schmermund Gmbh & Co, 5820 Gevelsberg, De | |
CH681894A5 (fr) * | 1990-10-22 | 1993-06-15 | Rieter Ag Maschf | |
DE9016526U1 (de) * | 1990-12-05 | 1991-02-21 | Rovema - Verpackungsmaschinen GmbH, 6301 Fernwald | Vorrichtung zur Förderung einer endlosen Folie aus Kunststoff o.dgl. |
-
1994
- 1994-10-14 DE DE4436719A patent/DE4436719A1/de not_active Ceased
-
1995
- 1995-09-29 EP EP95115389A patent/EP0706965B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-09-29 DE DE59501276T patent/DE59501276D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-10-03 CA CA002159744A patent/CA2159744A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1995-10-10 RU RU95117111A patent/RU2102307C1/ru active
- 1995-10-13 CN CN95116159A patent/CN1135449A/zh active Pending
- 1995-10-13 US US08/542,618 patent/US5639338A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-10-13 JP JP7265291A patent/JPH08192942A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2102307C1 (ru) | 1998-01-20 |
US5639338A (en) | 1997-06-17 |
DE4436719A1 (de) | 1996-04-18 |
EP0706965A1 (fr) | 1996-04-17 |
JPH08192942A (ja) | 1996-07-30 |
CA2159744A1 (fr) | 1996-04-15 |
DE59501276D1 (de) | 1998-02-19 |
CN1135449A (zh) | 1996-11-13 |
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