EP0703994B1 - Procede et dispositif de traitement thermique de pieces - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de traitement thermique de pieces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0703994B1
EP0703994B1 EP94917627A EP94917627A EP0703994B1 EP 0703994 B1 EP0703994 B1 EP 0703994B1 EP 94917627 A EP94917627 A EP 94917627A EP 94917627 A EP94917627 A EP 94917627A EP 0703994 B1 EP0703994 B1 EP 0703994B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
workpieces
carbon dioxide
gas
flue gas
furnace chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94917627A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0703994A1 (fr
Inventor
Friedhelm Kühn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LOI Thermprocess GmbH
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LOI Thermprocess GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LOI Thermprocess GmbH filed Critical LOI Thermprocess GmbH
Publication of EP0703994A1 publication Critical patent/EP0703994A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/28—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases more than one element being applied in one step
    • C23C8/30—Carbo-nitriding
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/20—Carburising

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for the heat treatment of Workpieces, the workpieces being heated with radiant heat, Burning gaseous fuel, especially natural gas, is generated, and wherein at least some of the workpieces are subjected to a carburizing atmosphere becomes.
  • a jacket radiant tube is used as an exo generator formed and generates a carrier gas which is led into the treatment room, a secondary gas containing carbon or nitrogen can be added.
  • the invention has for its object the carburizing process from these points of view to optimize, d. H. reduce pollutant emissions and at the same time to improve the litigation at least so that no significant economic Losses have to be accepted.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that that arises from the combustion of the gaseous fuel Flue gas carbon dioxide is separated that the carbon dioxide containing hydrocarbon Gas is mixed and that the gas mixture to create the carburizing atmosphere is heated.
  • the environmental pollution is reduced considerably by separating the carbon dioxide from the flue gases of the radiant heating.
  • the proportion of carbon dioxide in the flue gas is approximately 11%. Most of this can be separated from this.
  • the residual flue gas contains only less than 1% carbon dioxide after the treatment.
  • the carbon dioxide is supplied to the carburizing process as an oxygen and carbon supplier, with the effect that that the carburizing time is reduced significantly, namely by 20 to 40%.
  • the carburizing time depends on the temperature, the diffusion coefficient and the mass transfer coefficient. At a given temperature, the latter two coefficients determine the speed, with equal to side by side at small to medium carburizing depths (0.2 to about 0.8 or 1.0 mm).
  • the invention has a particularly favorable effect in this area. It leads to an increase in the mass transfer coefficient of around a factor of 2.5.
  • a particular advantage of the invention is that the entire process is continuous can be driven, with the possibility, if necessary, of the separated Intermediate storage of carbon dioxide. Is preferably used as hydrocarbon Gas used natural gas.
  • the carburizing atmosphere is created by an endothermic reaction.
  • the for this required heat is preferably taken from the radiant heat used for heating of the workpieces. This can happen, for example, that the mixture of carbon dioxide and hydrocarbonaceous gas directly into the furnace chamber initiates. However, there is a risk that it will result in an inadmissible Soot comes. It may therefore be more advantageous to pass the gas mixture over a catalyst to ensure that the endothermic reaction without soot formation can expire.
  • the catalyst also ensures optimal mixing of the Components.
  • the endogas generator can be arranged outside the furnace chamber be. However, separate heating is usually required. Accordingly it may be more advantageous to arrange the generator in the furnace chamber, and preferably in the ceiling area, i.e. where there is a high temperature level prevails and where the fans are located.
  • the carbon dioxide by pressure change resulting from the combustion of the gaseous fuel Separate flue gas.
  • This process uses the pressure-dependent Accumulation properties of the carbon dioxide, for example Molecular sieves It can be easily in the continuous Integrate process and is economically favorable.
  • the carburization reaction produces carbon dioxide and Water. Since this reaction in the method according to the invention runs particularly quickly, a local surplus can accumulate Reaction products result, with the consequence that it too undesirable edge zone oxidation of the workpieces.
  • Inoculate carburizing atmosphere with heavy hydrocarbon Especially the slow reacting methane, which is preferred is made available in the form of natural gas Able to buffer the products of the carburization reaction and on prevent oxidation of the material. At the same time made sure that the carbon level in the Carburizing atmosphere is maintained. For prevention the edge zone oxidation must be ensured that the heavy hydrocarbon gets to the workpieces shield endangered surfaces.
  • one local hydrocarbon concentration of 4 to 6% to adjust.
  • the remaining flue gas after the removal of the carbon dioxide the radiant heater can be used as a purge gas are used, for example, to make locks inert.
  • this residual flue gas for nitro-carburizing part of the To use workpieces with the addition of ammonia.
  • nitro carburizing alongside the ammonia commercially available and commercially available use acquired carbon dioxide.
  • constituents are formed by the residual flue gas delivered. This leads to an additional increase in Profitability and thus to a considerable increase the desired optimization effect.
  • the nitro carburizing process can be easily in the continuous Integrate the entire process.
  • the removal of carbon dioxide from the Flue gas from the radiant heater is set so that both the needs of the carburizing process as well as those of the Nitro carburizing process can be taken into account. Overall, this results in an extremely economical process of extreme environmental friendliness.
  • the invention also provides an apparatus for Heat treatment of workpieces with at least one furnace chamber, which is equipped with gas powered radiant heating pipes, and with a generator for generating carburizing gas for the Furnace chamber, this device being characterized in that that the radiant heating pipes with their flue gas lines to a Pressure change device are connected and that the Pressure change device with its carbon dioxide outlet line the generator is connected.
  • the pressure change device separates carbon dioxide from the flue gas of the radiant heating pipes, whereupon the carbon dioxide as oxygen and Carbon supplier gets into the generator to be there with a hydrocarbon-containing gas, preferably natural gas, endothermic to react.
  • the generator is for heating it advantageously arranged in the furnace chamber, namely in their ceiling area.
  • the pressure change device with its residual flue gas outlet line to connect to a second oven chamber, which has an ammonia inlet line and serves a Part of the workpieces that should not be carburized Nitro carburizing.
  • a common control ensures that synchronize individual processes and to run continuously.
  • the invention is based on a preferred Embodiment of a device according to the invention in Connection with the accompanying drawing explained.
  • the drawing shows a schematic block diagram.
  • the device has a first furnace chamber 1, which is used for carburizing workpieces 2 and gas-powered radiant tubes 3 is heated. The latter are via its flue gas lines 4 to a pressure change device 5 connected.
  • the flue gas Radiant heating tubes 3 freed of carbon dioxide. This results a reduction in environmental pollution.
  • that serves Carbon dioxide to produce endogas by raising a significant increase in the mass transfer coefficient the carburizing rate is achieved. This increases the profitability of the carburizing process.
  • the device also has a second Furnace chamber 10 used for nitro-carburizing workpieces 11 serves.
  • the second furnace chamber is heated via Radiant heating tubes 12. These are with their flue gas lines 13 also connected to the pressure change device 5. Accordingly, they contribute to the generator 7 To supply carbon dioxide.
  • the pressure change device 5 has an outlet line 14 which serves to remove the residual flue gas from the radiant heating tubes 3 and 12 into the second furnace chamber.
  • the rest of the flue gas contains a share of carbon dioxide and also one Proportion of nitrogen.
  • ammonia which has a Line 15 is supplied, the residual flue gas forms the Atmosphere for nitro carburizing the workpieces 11.
  • a controller ensures that the Carbon dioxide content of the flue gases in the pressure change device according to the respective requirements for the furnace chambers 1 and 10 is split. Furthermore, the control causes one Synchronization of the individual processes, in such a way that the entire process can be operated continuously.
  • the second Oven chamber 10 can be dispensed with. Instead, that can be done the pressure change device 5 residual flue gas for Inerting locks or the like Find use.
  • the generator 7 can be arranged outside the furnace chamber 1 be, but then an additional heating is required. The generator 7 can also be used entirely to be dispensed with. That from the pressure change device 5 Coming carbon dioxide will come with the under these circumstances Mixed natural gas entered directly in the furnace chamber.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé pour le traitement thermique de pièces d'oeuvre, les pièces étant chauffées à l'aide de la chaleur radiante produite par la combustion d'un combustible gazeux, en particulier du gaz naturel; une partie au moins de ces pièces étant exposée a une atmosphère de carburation,
    caractérisé par le fait
    que le gaz carbonique est séparé des fumées qui se forment lors de la combustion du combustible gazeux, que le gaz carbonique est mélangé avec du gaz à teneur d'hydocarbures et que le mélange de gaz est chauffé pour produire l'atmosphère de carburation.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que ledit gaz à teneur d'hydrocarbures est du gaz naturel .
  3. Procédé selon les revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que le mélange est chauffé à l'aide de la chaleur radiante servant à chauffer les pièces d'oeuvre.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par le fait que le mélange de gaz passe par un catalyseur.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé par le fait que par un changement de la pression, le gaz carbonique est séparé des fumées produites lors de la combustion du combustible gazeux.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé par le fait que l'atmospère de carburation est enrichie d'hydrocarbures lourds.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé par le fait que les fumées résiduelles après séparation du gaz carbonique sont utilisées pour la nitrocarburation d'une partie des pièces d'oeuvre en additionnant de l'ammoniac.
  8. Dispositif pour le traitement thermique de pièces d'oeuvre comprenant au moins une chambre de four, munie de tubes radiants fonctionnant au gaz, et un générateur produisant le gaz de carburation pour la chambre de four,
    caractérisé par le fait que les tubes radiants (3, 12) sont raccordés par leurs conduites des fumées (4, 13) à un dispositif de changement de pression (5) et que ce dispositif de changement de pression est raccordé au générateur (7) par sa conduite d'évacuation du gaz carbonique (6) .
  9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé par le fait que le dispositif de changement de pression (5) est raccordé par sa conduite d'évacuation des fumées résiduelles (14) à une seconde chambre de four (10), dotée d'une conduite d'introduction d'ammoniac (15).
  10. Dispositif selon la revendication 9, caractérisé par le fait que la seconde chambre de four (10) est munie de tubes radiants fonctionnant au gaz (12) dont les conduites des fumées (13) sont raccordées au dispositif de changement de pression (5).
EP94917627A 1993-06-03 1994-05-13 Procede et dispositif de traitement thermique de pieces Expired - Lifetime EP0703994B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4318400 1993-06-03
DE4318400A DE4318400C1 (de) 1993-06-03 1993-06-03 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Wärmebehandeln von Werkstücken
PCT/EP1994/001542 WO1994029491A1 (fr) 1993-06-03 1994-05-13 Procede et dispositif de traitement thermique de pieces

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0703994A1 EP0703994A1 (fr) 1996-04-03
EP0703994B1 true EP0703994B1 (fr) 1998-04-22

Family

ID=6489509

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94917627A Expired - Lifetime EP0703994B1 (fr) 1993-06-03 1994-05-13 Procede et dispositif de traitement thermique de pieces

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5830284A (fr)
EP (1) EP0703994B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH08511063A (fr)
AT (1) ATE165399T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4318400C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1994029491A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003064637A1 (fr) * 2001-11-06 2003-08-07 Medtronic, Inc. Methode et systeme permettant de reparer un infarctus du myocarde
DE10031921A1 (de) * 2000-06-30 2002-01-17 Bosch Gmbh Robert Prozessgasaufkohlungsverfahren
US10196730B2 (en) 2009-09-10 2019-02-05 Ald Vacuum Technologies Gmbh Method and device for hardening workpieces, and workpieces hardened according to the method
DE102009041041B4 (de) 2009-09-10 2011-07-14 ALD Vacuum Technologies GmbH, 63450 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Härten von Werkstücken, sowie nach dem Verfahren gehärtete Werkstücke
DE102015117683B3 (de) * 2015-10-16 2016-09-29 Wienstroth Wärmebehandlungstechnik GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung und Behandlung von Schutz- und/oder Reaktionsgasen zur Wärmebehandlung von Metallen

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1817345A (en) * 1927-07-19 1931-08-04 Carbide & Carbon Chem Corp Process for case carburizing and heat treating metals
GB1004573A (en) * 1962-08-17 1965-09-15 Incandescent Ltd Improvements in regenerative furnaces
CH448673A (fr) * 1965-12-09 1967-12-15 Four Electr Delemont Sa Du Procédé de cémentation gazeuse d'acier
US3712597A (en) * 1970-11-18 1973-01-23 Air Preheater Glass manufacturing system
US3870474B1 (en) * 1972-11-13 1991-04-02 Regenerative incinerator systems for waste gases
DE2419997C2 (de) * 1974-04-25 1986-02-27 Ruhrgas Ag, 4300 Essen Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Erzeugung härtbarer bzw. verschleißfester Oberflächenschichten von Stahlteilen in einem Glühofen
JPS5236610B2 (fr) * 1974-05-09 1977-09-17
US4219324A (en) * 1978-09-12 1980-08-26 The C. M. Kemp Manufacturing Company Process for treating metals using recycled gases
US4217091A (en) * 1978-10-10 1980-08-12 B & K Machinery International Limited Oven process with solvent free exhaust
GB2076023B (en) * 1980-05-02 1983-08-03 Air Prod & Chem Gas carburising
GB2082634B (en) * 1980-08-13 1984-04-18 Boc Ltd Heat treatment method
JPS6056059A (ja) * 1983-09-06 1985-04-01 Koyo Rindobaagu Kk 浸炭熱処理炉の排ガス変成再利用法
DE3742685A1 (de) * 1987-12-16 1989-07-13 Linde Ag Verfahren zur waermebehandlung von metallen
DE4110361C2 (de) * 1991-03-28 1998-04-30 Linde Ag Verfahren zum Gasaufkohlen von Eisenwerkstücken und Anlagen zu deren Durchführung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59405801D1 (de) 1998-05-28
EP0703994A1 (fr) 1996-04-03
ATE165399T1 (de) 1998-05-15
WO1994029491A1 (fr) 1994-12-22
DE4318400C1 (de) 1994-06-23
JPH08511063A (ja) 1996-11-19
US5830284A (en) 1998-11-03

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