EP0683814A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung von tensidgranulaten. - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von tensidgranulaten.Info
- Publication number
- EP0683814A1 EP0683814A1 EP94906207A EP94906207A EP0683814A1 EP 0683814 A1 EP0683814 A1 EP 0683814A1 EP 94906207 A EP94906207 A EP 94906207A EP 94906207 A EP94906207 A EP 94906207A EP 0683814 A1 EP0683814 A1 EP 0683814A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- surfactant
- granules
- acid
- acid form
- granulating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 55
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical class OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfobutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000864 peroxy group Chemical group O(O*)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052936 alkali metal sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- -1 fatty alcohol sulfate Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 7
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 6
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229940068917 polyethylene glycols Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000004435 Oxo alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019387 fatty acid methyl ester Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940055577 oleyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N oleyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCO XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003138 primary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003470 sulfuric acid monoesters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WBIQQQGBSDOWNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O WBIQQQGBSDOWNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSVSPKKXQGNHMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-bromo-3-methyl-1,2-thiazole Chemical compound CC=1C=C(Br)SN=1 XSVSPKKXQGNHMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004165 Methyl ester of fatty acids Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007257 deesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229940060296 dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007046 ethoxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical class Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004200 microcrystalline wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019808 microcrystalline wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SXLLDUPXUVRMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanediperoxoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)CCCCCCCC(=O)OO SXLLDUPXUVRMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- MMCOUVMKNAHQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-L oxido carbonate Chemical compound [O-]OC([O-])=O MMCOUVMKNAHQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052615 phyllosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003333 secondary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005029 sieve analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012418 sodium perborate tetrahydrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- IBDSNZLUHYKHQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;3-oxidodioxaborirane;tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[Na+].[O-]B1OO1 IBDSNZLUHYKHQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents
- C11D11/0082—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents one or more of the detergent ingredients being in a liquefied state, e.g. slurry, paste or melt, and the process resulting in solid detergent particles such as granules, powders or beads
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/06—Powder; Flakes; Free-flowing mixtures; Sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents
- C11D11/04—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents by chemical means, e.g. by sulfonating in the presence of other compounding ingredients followed by neutralising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/06—Powder; Flakes; Free-flowing mixtures; Sheets
- C11D17/065—High-density particulate detergent compositions
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for converting liquid to pasty preparation forms of washable and cleaning-active surfactant compounds into storage-stable and dust-free granules with increased bulk density.
- Surfactant granules can be produced, for example, by conventional drying technology of surfactant-containing solutions and pastes, especially in the spray tower.
- European Patent Application 319 819 discloses a process for the production of surfactant granules by spray drying, a sulfonic acid and a highly concentrated aqueous sodium hydroxide solution being separately charged with a gaseous medium, then combined in stoichiometric amounts and neutralized in a multi-substance nozzle and is sprayed at a high propellant pressure in the drying tower.
- the products obtained are solid or pasty, solid products mostly being relatively dusty, having a relatively high water content and a low bulk density.
- Granulation is an alternative to spray drying of surfactant pastes.
- European patent application EP 403 148 describes a process for producing fatty alcohol sulfate granules which are dispersible in cold water.
- a highly concentrated aqueous fatty alcohol sulfate paste which contains less than 14% by weight of water and less than 20% by weight of further additives, is mechanically processed at temperatures between 10 and 45 ° C. until granules form.
- fatty alcohol sulfate granules are obtained which are already dispersed at washing temperatures between 4 and 30 ° C .;
- the process temperature to be observed and the relatively low maximum water content of the surfactant paste are critical process parameters.
- European patent application EP 402 112 discloses a process for producing fatty alcohol sulfate and / or alkylbenzenesulfonate granules, the neutralization of the anionic surfactants in acid form to give a paste with a maximum of 12% by weight of water with the addition of auxiliaries such as poly ethylene glycols, ethoxylated alcohols or alkylphenols, which have a melting point above 48 ° C, and the granulation in one high-speed mixer takes place. Again, the amount of water to be maintained represents a critical process parameter. It is also not disclosed what bulk densities the surfactant granules obtained by this process have.
- a process for the production of detergent-active and granular surfactants with a bulk density above 450 g / 1 and in particular between 500 and 1200 g / 1 is known, wherein a surfactant preparation form as Contains liquid component water and can additionally contain organic polymers and builder substances, mixed with a finely divided solid and granulated in a high-speed mixer.
- the water content of the surfactant paste is a critical process parameter. If the water content of the surfactant paste is too high, the solid is dispersed so that it can no longer act as a deagglomeration agent. On the other hand, if the solids content exceeds a certain value, the mass does not have the consistency necessary for the granulation.
- the surfactant preparation form used also contains a non-surfactant liquid component, which is preferably water or an aqueous solution.
- a non-surfactant liquid component in contrast to the prior art mentioned, the content of a non-surfactant liquid component in this process is not a critical process parameter.
- anionic surfactant preparation forms are usually prepared by neutralizing the anionic side in its acid form with concentrated aqueous alkaline solutions. So that such a form of preparation at 20 to 40 ° C. In liquid to pasty form, the mixture must generally be diluted with water. However, the high energy consumption required to remove the water is to be regarded as disadvantageous.
- the object of the invention was to further develop the mentioned method of granulation and simultaneous drying in such a way that the energy required for drying can be reduced.
- the invention accordingly relates to a process for the production of detergent-active granules with a bulk density above 450 g / l by granulation of a surfactant preparation form which has a non-surfactant liquid component, the anionic surfactant preparation form being produced in such a way that the anionic surfactant in its acid form or a mixture which contains one or more anionic surfactants in their acid form, and an aqueous alkaline solution is charged separately with a gaseous medium, then separated in almost stoichiometric amounts or combined into the granulation at a high propellant gas pressure and drying room are sprayed and the subsequent granulation is optionally carried out with the addition of one or more inorganic or organic solids and with simultaneous drying.
- the anionic surfactant preparation form can be prepared either directly after the introduction of the individual reactant streams into the granulation and drying room or even beforehand.
- the distance from the point at which the gas-charged reactant streams are brought together from the spray device depends on the process conditions and the material systems used, but is preferably kept as small as possible in order to clog the nozzle due to to avoid early onset of neutralization reactions.
- the anionic surfactant in its acid form or the mixture which contains one or more anionic surfactants in its acidic form is acted upon by a gaseous medium and is passed through a multi-component nozzle, for example via a 2-component nozzle sprayed the granulating and drying room.
- a gaseous medium acted upon and at the same time sprayed with the anionic surfactant in its acid form or the mixture which contains one or more anionic surfactants in their acid form in almost stoichiometric amounts via a further multi-substance nozzle into the granulation and drying room.
- almost stoichiometric amounts mean that the ratio of the number of acidic groups to alkaline groups is preferably in the range from 1.1: 1 to 0.8: 1 and in particular from 1: 1 to 0.9: 1.
- the invention provides that the acidic and alkaline reactant streams separately charged with a gaseous medium are brought together via a single multi-component nozzle, for example via a 3-component nozzle, and sprayed into the granulating and drying room become.
- the neutralization takes place essentially in the nozzle or directly when it emerges from the nozzle.
- the combined acidic and alkaline reactant streams to be sprayed into the granulating and drying room via a plurality of multi-component nozzles. This is particularly preferred when products are to be made from different types of anionic surfactants and thus different types of combined acidic and alkaline reactant streams are to be sprayed.
- the starting materials are introduced, for example using piston pumps, in almost stoichiometric metered amounts into one or two non-modified commercial nozzle (s) or one or two spray tube (s).
- the gaseous medium (propellant gas) is mixed in directly in front of the nozzle. In the case of spraying the combined reactant streams, this means that the gaseous medium is mixed into the reactant streams before they meet in front of or in the nozzle.
- Further technical details for carrying out the process for example with regard to the control of the reaction temperature, the flow rate of the reactant streams or the pressure at which the reaction mixture is sprayed into the granulating and drying room, can be found in European patent application 319819.
- the anionic surfactants in their acid form can be carboxylic acids, sulfuric acid half esters and sulfonic acids, preferably fatty acids, alkylarylsulfonic acids, sulfo fatty acid esters and the sulfuric acid semiesters of optionally alkoxylated, especially ethoxylated fatty alcohols and / or sulfosuccinic acid.
- fatty acid esters in particular fatty acid methyl esters, can also be used, in which case the ester group is not saponified, but instead is saponified.
- Suitable anionic surfactants in their acid form are therefore in particular either an anionic surfactant in its acid form or a mixture from the group of anionic surfactants in their acid form, if appropriate in combination with nonionic, amphoteric and / or cationic surfactants.
- Preferred anionic surfactants in their acid form are C8-C22 ⁇ alkyl sulfonic acids, Cg-Ci3-alkylbenzenesulfonic acids, usually called dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, and methyl ⁇ -sulfofatty acid in their acid form.
- alkyl sulfonic acids are the sulfuric acid monoesters from primary alcohols of natural and synthetic origin, in particular from fatty alcohols, for example from coconut fatty alcohols, tallow fatty alcohols, oleyl alcohol, lauryl, myristyl, pal ityl or stearyl alcohol, or the C ⁇ o-C2 ⁇ _ 0xoalcohols, and those secondary alcohols this chain length.
- the sulfuric acid monoesters of the alcohols ethoxylated with 1 to 6 moles of ethylene oxide, such as 2-methyl-branched Cg-Cn alcohols with an average of 3.5 moles of ethylene oxide, are also suitable.
- esters of ⁇ -sulfofatty acids which, by sulfonation of the methyl esters of fatty acids of plant and / or animal origin with 10 to 20 C atoms in the fatty acid molecule, for example the sulfonated methyl esters of hydrogenated coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids, and the ⁇ -sulfofatty acids (diacids) obtainable by ester cleavage.
- ester cleavage for example the sulfonated methyl esters of hydrogenated coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids
- diacids obtainable by ester cleavage.
- alkanesulfonic acids which can be obtained from Ci2 _ Ci8 "" alkanes by sulfochlorination or sulfoxidation.
- Preferred nonionic surfactants are derived from liquid alkoxylated, advantageously ethoxylated, especially primary alcohols with preferably 9 to 18 carbon atoms and an average of 1 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol, in which the alcohol residue is linear or methyl in the 2-position may be branched, or may contain linear and methyl-branched radicals in the mixture, as are usually present in oxo alcohol radicals.
- linear residues of alcohols of native origin with 12 to 18 carbon atoms such as, for example, coconut oil, tallow fat or oleyl alcohol, are particularly preferred.
- the degrees of ethoxylation given represent statistical averages, which can be an integer or a fraction for a specific product.
- Preferred alcohol ethoxylates have a narrow homolog distribution (narrow range ethoxylates, nre).
- alcohol ethoxylates are preferred which have an average of 2 to 8 ethylene oxide groups.
- the preferred ethoxylated alcohols include, for example, Cg-Cn-oxo alcohol with 7 EO, Ci3-Ci5-0xo alcohol with 3 EO, 5 EO or 7 EO and in particular Ci2-Ci4 alcohol with 3 EO or 4 EO, Ci2-Ci8 alcohols 3 EO, 5 EO or 7 EO and mixtures of these, such as mixtures of Ci2 ⁇ i4 alcohol with 3 EO and Ci2-Ci8 alcohol with 5 EO.
- G as a nonionic surfactant can be alkylglycosides of the general formula R-0- (G) x , in which R is a primary straight-chain or aliphatic radical with 8 to 22, preferably 12 to 18, carbon atoms branched in the 2-position Is symbol that stands for a glycose unit with 5 or 6 carbon atoms, and the degree of oligo erization x is between 1 and 10, preferably between 1 and 2 and in particular is significantly less than 1.4.
- the surfactant preparation form can contain additives, which are preferably ingredients of detergents and cleaning agents, as further constituents.
- additives which are preferably ingredients of detergents and cleaning agents, as further constituents.
- surfactant preparations which contain additives in amounts of 0.001 to 15% by weight, based on the surfactant preparation form, are used in the process according to the invention.
- Particularly preferred additives are dyes, foam inhibitors, bleaches and / or constituents which improve solubility.
- Suitable dyes are temperature-stable dyes, preferably pigment dyes, which are advantageously used in amounts of 0.001 to 0.5% by weight, based on the surfactant preparation form.
- Suitable foam inhibitors are, for example, soaps of natural and synthetic origin, which have a high proportion of Ci8 "C24 fatty acids.
- Suitable non-surfactant-like foam inhibitors are organopolysiloxanes and their mixtures with microfine, optionally silanized silica, paraffins, waxes, microcrystalline waxes and their mixtures with silanized silica or bistearylethylenediamide.
- Bisacyla ide derived from Ci2-C20- A ⁇ - alkylamines and C2-C5-dicarboxylic acids are also usable.
- foam inhibitors are also advantageously used, for example those made of silicones and paraffins or
- the foam inhibitors are preferably bound to a granular, water-soluble or dispersible carrier substance, and the foam inhibitor content of the surfactant preparation form is preferably 0.01 to 0.5% by weight.
- bleaching agents that can be used are, for example, peroxy carbonate, peroxypyrophosphates, citrate perhydrates, peroxophthalates, diperazelaic acid or diperdodecanedioic acid.
- hydrogen peroxide as a bleaching agent in surfactant preparation forms which are used according to the invention.
- the content of bleach in the surfactant preparation form is preferably 0.5 to 15% by weight, in particular the content of hydrogen peroxide is 0.5 to 5% by weight.
- the constituents which improve the solubility include liquid, pasty and solid compounds which are soluble or dispersible in the other constituents of the Ten ⁇ preparation form.
- Preferred solubility-improving constituents are polyethylene glycols with a relative molecular weight between 200 and 20,000 and highly ethoxylated fatty alcohols with 14 to 80 ethylene oxide groups per mole of alcohol, in particular Ci2-Ci8 fatty alcohols with 20 to 60 ethylene oxide groups, for example Taig fatty alcohol with 30 EO or 40 EO used.
- the use of polyethylene glycols with a relative molecular weight between 200 and 600 is particularly preferred.
- These polyethylene glycols are advantageously used as a separate constituent of the non-surfactant liquid component.
- the content of the surfactant preparation form in these constituents which improve the solubility of the finished granules is preferably 1 to 15% by weight and in particular 2 to 10% by weight.
- the neutralization or saponification reaction is preferably carried out with concentrated aqueous alkaline solutions, for example solutions of hydroxides, carbonates or hypochlorites of sodium or potassium, in particular with a concentrated aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and / or potassium hydroxide solution, concentrations around 45 to 55% by weight are particularly preferred.
- concentrated aqueous alkaline solutions for example solutions of hydroxides, carbonates or hypochlorites of sodium or potassium
- concentrations around 45 to 55% by weight are particularly preferred.
- a further dilution of the reactant streams with water is not necessary, so that the process according to the invention has the advantage over the process described in the earlier German patent application P 41 27 323.0 that smaller amounts of water have to be removed in the granulating and drying room and thus the energy consumption can be reduced.
- Suitable gaseous media are, in particular, gases such as air or nitrogen which are inert to the starting and end materials.
- gases such as air or nitrogen which are inert to the starting and end materials.
- water vapor is also suitable here, in particular if one of the reactant streams or the reactant streams is to be heated before the merging.
- the sprayed reactant streams are now granulated and dried simultaneously.
- "Drying” is understood to mean the partial or complete removal of the non-surfactant liquid component. If desired, there may be residual values of free, ie unbound water and residual amounts of alcohol, as long as the finished granules are free-flowing and non-sticky. However, a free water content of 10% by weight and in particular 0.1 to 7% by weight, based in each case on the finished granules, is preferably not exceeded.
- the surfactant granules can be produced in all devices in which granulation can be carried out with simultaneous drying.
- the invention provides that the combination of these two process steps is carried out in a batch or continuous fluidized bed. It is particularly preferred to carry out the process continuously in the fluidized bed. It is also possible to add a component of the non-surfactant liquid component which has not been incorporated into the surfactant preparation form simultaneously and separately.
- the nozzle or the nozzles and the direction of spraying of the products to be sprayed can be arranged as desired.
- Fluidized bed apparatuses which are preferably used have base plates with dimensions of at least 0.4 m.
- fluidized bed apparatuses are preferred which have a base plate with a diameter between 0.4 and 5 m, for example 1.5 m or 2.6 m.
- fluidized bed apparatuses are also suitable which have a base plate with a diameter greater than 5 m.
- a perforated base plate or a Conidur plate (commercial product from Hein & Lehmann, Federal Republic of Germany) is preferably used as the base plate.
- the process according to the invention is preferably carried out at swirl air speeds between 0.5 and 8 m / s and in particular between 1 and 5.5 m / s.
- the granules are discharged from the fluidized bed advantageously by means of a size classification of the granules.
- This classification can take place, for example, by means of a sieve device or by means of an opposed air flow (classifier air) which is regulated in such a way that only particles of a certain particle size are removed from the fluidized bed and smaller particles are retained in the fluidized bed.
- the inflowing air is thus composed of the classifier air and the ground air, both of which can either be heated or unheated or one can be heated and the other unheated.
- cooled soil air can also be used.
- the soil air temperature is generally between - 20 and 400 ° C, preferably between 35 and 350 ° C and in particular between 35 and 120 ° C.
- the Temperature of the vortex air about 5 cm above the base plate 10 to 120 ° C, preferably 20 to 90 ° C and in particular 30 to 85 ° C.
- the air outlet temperature inevitably results from the reaction conditions.
- a starting mass is particularly suitable as starting mass, in particular those which can also be used as solids in the process according to the invention and which have a particle size distribution which corresponds approximately to the particle size distribution of the finished granules.
- surfactant granules as starting mass which have already been obtained in a previous process sequence.
- the components of the non-surfactant liquid component evaporate partially or completely in the fluidized bed. Dried to dried germs are formed, which are coated with further quantities of the surfactant preparation form, granulated and in turn dried at the same time.
- non-surfactant ingredients of detergents and cleaning agents preferably one or more constituents from the group of the alkali carbonates, alkali sulfates, crystalline and amorphous alkali silicates and sheet silicates, and zeolite, in particular zeolite NaA in detergent quality, salts of the solids Citric acid or other polycarboxylic acids, solid peroxy bleaching agents and optionally bleach activators and solid polyethylene glycols with a relative molecular weight greater than or equal to 2,000, in particular between 4,000 and 20,000, are used.
- Preferred solids have, for example, no more than 5% by weight of particles with a diameter above 2 mm and preferably no more than 5% by weight of particles with a diameter above 1.6 mm.
- solids are preferred which consist of at least 90% by weight of particles with a diameter below 1.0 mm. Examples of these are alkali carbonates with more than 90% by weight of particles with a diameter of less than or equal to 0.5 mm and zeolite NaA powder in detergent quality, which contains at least 90% by weight of particles with a diameter below 0 , 03 mm contains.
- the added solids are used with particular advantage in amounts of 10 to 50% by weight and in particular 20 to 45% by weight, based in each case on the sum of the surfactant preparation form and the solid.
- the surfactant granules which can be produced by the process according to the invention are claimed.
- Preferred surfactant granules have a surfactant content of from 10 to 100% by weight, in particular from 30 to 95% by weight and with particular advantage between 40 and 90% by weight, in each case based on the finished granules.
- Pure surfactant granules are obtained when the non-surfactant liquid component evaporates completely and the granules are thus completely dried and the optionally added solid consists of a pure surfactant material.
- surfactant granules which have been produced by the process according to the invention and now serve as a solid in the process according to the invention are optionally comminuted to the desired particle size distribution and recycled.
- the content of surfactants in the granules can be adjusted to any of the desired values.
- the surfactant granules obtained by the process according to the invention preferably have a bulk density of above 450 g / 1 to 1000 g / 1, in particular between 500 and 850 g / 1, and are dust-free, ie they contain in particular no particles with a particle size below 50 ⁇ m. Otherwise, the particle size distribution of the surfactant granules corresponds to the usual particle size distribution of a heavy detergent of the prior art.
- the surfactant granules have a particle size distribution in which a maximum of 5% by weight, preferably a maximum of 3% by weight of the particles have a diameter above 2.5 mm and a maximum of 5% by weight, with particular advantage a maximum of 3% by weight of the Particles have a diameter below 0.1 mm.
- the surfactant granules are characterized by their light color and their free-flowing properties. A further measure to prevent the surfactant granules produced according to the invention from sticking together is not necessary.
- surfactant granules being powdered in a known manner with finely divided materials, for example with zeolite NaA, soda, in order to further increase the bulk density.
- Preferred surfactant granules have such a regular, in particular approximately spherical, structure that a rounding step is generally not necessary and is therefore not preferred. Examples
- Examples 1 to 3 analogously to the disclosure of EP 319819 ABSS (Ci2 ⁇ alkylbenzenesulfonic acid; Example 1) and FASS (sulfuric acid half-ester of Ci2-Ci4 fatty alcohol; Examples 2 and 3) via a multi-component nozzle with NaOH (50 wt. % sodium hydroxide solution) spray-neutralized (propellant: nitrogen) and granulated together with a solid and dried simultaneously in a granulation drying plant (AGT) from Glatt, Federal Republic of Germany.
- a surfactant granulate which had been obtained in a previous batch (under the same process conditions) and had approximately the same composition as the finished granules of Examples 1 to 3 was used as the starting mass.
- the process conditions can be found in Table 1 become.
- Soda sodium carbonate with a bulk density of 620 g / l; commercial product from Matthes & Weber, Federal Republic of Germany was used as the solid.
- Example 4 describes the analogous preparation of surfactant granules without the addition of solids.
- Dust-free and non-sticky granules with high surfactant contents were obtained in all examples (see Table 2).
- the proportion of granules with a grain size above 2.5 mm was below 5% by weight in all examples.
- the content of the granules at 100% consists of unsulfonated components and salts that were contained in the raw material FASS.
- Examples 1-3 The content of the granules at 100% consists of soda and unsulfonated parts and salts, which were contained in the raw materials ABSS and FASS.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Glanulating (AREA)
- Compounds Of Unknown Constitution (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4304062A DE4304062A1 (de) | 1993-02-11 | 1993-02-11 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Tensidgranulaten |
DE4304062 | 1993-02-11 | ||
PCT/EP1994/000301 WO1994018303A1 (de) | 1993-02-11 | 1994-02-02 | Verfahren zur herstellung von tensidgranulaten |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0683814A1 true EP0683814A1 (de) | 1995-11-29 |
EP0683814B1 EP0683814B1 (de) | 1997-05-02 |
Family
ID=6480201
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94906207A Expired - Lifetime EP0683814B1 (de) | 1993-02-11 | 1994-02-02 | Verfahren zur herstellung von tensidgranulaten |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0683814B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH08506368A (de) |
KR (1) | KR100297272B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE152477T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE4304062A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2101507T3 (de) |
MY (1) | MY110838A (de) |
WO (1) | WO1994018303A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4425968A1 (de) * | 1994-07-25 | 1996-02-01 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Tensidgranulaten |
GB9417354D0 (en) | 1994-08-26 | 1994-10-19 | Unilever Plc | Detergent particles and process for their production |
DE4443644A1 (de) * | 1994-12-08 | 1996-06-13 | Henkel Kgaa | Feste, rieselfähige Zubereitungen |
DE19519139A1 (de) * | 1995-05-30 | 1996-12-05 | Henkel Kgaa | Granulares Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel mit hoher Schüttdichte |
GB9712583D0 (en) | 1997-06-16 | 1997-08-20 | Unilever Plc | Production of detergent granulates |
GB9712580D0 (en) * | 1997-06-16 | 1997-08-20 | Unilever Plc | Production of detergent granulates |
GB9713748D0 (en) * | 1997-06-27 | 1997-09-03 | Unilever Plc | Production of detergent granulates |
DE19822941A1 (de) * | 1998-05-22 | 1999-11-25 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Wasch- und Reinigungsmitteln |
DE19844523A1 (de) | 1998-09-29 | 2000-03-30 | Henkel Kgaa | Granulationsverfahren |
DE19844522A1 (de) | 1998-09-29 | 2000-03-30 | Henkel Kgaa | Granulationsverfahren |
DE19851454B4 (de) * | 1998-11-09 | 2010-11-04 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Tensid-Granulate durch Wirbelschichtgranulation |
DE19853893A1 (de) * | 1998-11-23 | 2000-05-25 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Tensidgranulaten |
DE19910789A1 (de) * | 1999-03-11 | 2000-09-14 | Henkel Kgaa | Granulationsverfahren |
DE29905721U1 (de) * | 1999-03-27 | 1999-06-10 | Henkel KGaA, 40589 Düsseldorf | Alkylbenzolsulfonat-Granulate |
DE10123622A1 (de) * | 2001-05-15 | 2002-11-28 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Tensidgranulaten |
DE10212169A1 (de) * | 2002-03-19 | 2003-10-02 | Sued Chemie Ag | Waschmittelzusatz mit hohem Gehalt an nichtionischen Tensiden und schnellem Auflösevermögen |
JP5403961B2 (ja) * | 2008-07-14 | 2014-01-29 | 花王株式会社 | 粒状アニオン界面活性剤の製造法 |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4462543A (en) * | 1981-12-24 | 1984-07-31 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Nozzle |
DE3741401A1 (de) * | 1987-12-07 | 1989-06-15 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zur herstellung von festen oder pastenfoermigen produkten |
DE4127323A1 (de) * | 1991-08-20 | 1993-02-25 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zur herstellung von tensidgranulaten |
-
1993
- 1993-02-11 DE DE4304062A patent/DE4304062A1/de not_active Ceased
-
1994
- 1994-02-02 EP EP94906207A patent/EP0683814B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-02-02 DE DE59402608T patent/DE59402608D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-02-02 JP JP6517628A patent/JPH08506368A/ja active Pending
- 1994-02-02 ES ES94906207T patent/ES2101507T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-02-02 WO PCT/EP1994/000301 patent/WO1994018303A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1994-02-02 AT AT94906207T patent/ATE152477T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-02-02 KR KR1019950703269A patent/KR100297272B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-02-09 MY MYPI94000305A patent/MY110838A/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9418303A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
MY110838A (en) | 1999-05-31 |
JPH08506368A (ja) | 1996-07-09 |
DE59402608D1 (de) | 1997-06-05 |
WO1994018303A1 (de) | 1994-08-18 |
KR100297272B1 (ko) | 2001-11-30 |
EP0683814B1 (de) | 1997-05-02 |
DE4304062A1 (de) | 1994-08-18 |
ES2101507T3 (es) | 1997-07-01 |
KR960701192A (ko) | 1996-02-24 |
ATE152477T1 (de) | 1997-05-15 |
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