EP0677719B1 - Fernsteuereinrichtung zum Zünden des Gefechtskopfes eines Projektils - Google Patents
Fernsteuereinrichtung zum Zünden des Gefechtskopfes eines Projektils Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0677719B1 EP0677719B1 EP95104881A EP95104881A EP0677719B1 EP 0677719 B1 EP0677719 B1 EP 0677719B1 EP 95104881 A EP95104881 A EP 95104881A EP 95104881 A EP95104881 A EP 95104881A EP 0677719 B1 EP0677719 B1 EP 0677719B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- projectile
- distance
- remote control
- control device
- guide beam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
- F41G7/00—Direction control systems for self-propelled missiles
- F41G7/20—Direction control systems for self-propelled missiles based on continuous observation of target position
- F41G7/30—Command link guidance systems
- F41G7/301—Details
- F41G7/303—Sighting or tracking devices especially provided for simultaneous observation of the target and of the missile
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C13/00—Proximity fuzes; Fuzes for remote detonation
- F42C13/02—Proximity fuzes; Fuzes for remote detonation operated by intensity of light or similar radiation
- F42C13/026—Remotely actuated projectile fuzes operated by optical transmission links
Definitions
- the invention relates to a remote control device according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Such a device is from DE 30 04 317 A1 and from DE 31 23 339 A1, which is described, for remote ignition in helicopter combat using the same laser rangefinder or using two laser rangefinders both the target distance and the current storey distance to measure continuously and trigger the ignition signal if they match.
- an optimal effect in the target only results if the projectile actually hits the target and not - for example, due to rapid evasive movements of the helicopter - flies past the target.
- the state of equal distances is reached at some point and thus the ignition triggered remotely without ensuring that the target is within the effective radius of the warhead.
- It is also technically very complex for example close to the ground or against a very bright background a laser distance measurement to the small projectile cross-section with its disturbed (because swirled and heated) ambient atmosphere.
- U.S. Patent 4,214,534 is the weapon from which the projectile was fired is equipped with a radar device that a narrow beam towards the projectile trajectory emits to transmit impulses to the projectile. If a predetermined number of impulses is on board the projectile received and added up, it becomes derived an ignition command for the warhead. Of the corresponding time from the firing of the projectile can be varied at the command post via the pulse repetition rate. But since the projectile speed is not constant is, the pulse number does not give an exact measure for the Distance at which the projectile is fired. Furthermore is a safe projectile tracking by means of a narrow radar beam technically very complex.
- a more precise target distance ignition results if the projectile with an active retroreflective range finder is equipped, as in the case of the optronic Rangefinder according to US Pat. No. 4,223,607 or U.S. Patent 4,776,274.
- the device technology increases Effort and therefore the price of a projectile is extraordinary when it is with an active fireproof Rangefinder for triggering the ignition must be equipped.
- the reliability the ignition trigger from the reflection conditions dependent on the target object and an ignition trigger defined behind one illuminated by the rangefinder Fixed point is not possible.
- the preset firing interval no longer change, which is particularly the case with great shot distances to adapt to current oneself changing target conditions would be desirable, for example to switch from a wrong target to a real target or when shooting from moving on moving Aims.
- the invention is in particular the technical Underlying problem, the effectiveness of the use especially large caliber projectiles such as grenades or Missiles from the howitzer of a howitzer or main battle tank can be fired over large distances by switching on of a precisely specified and also during the mission correctable air point, despite inevitable longitudinal scatter in the kinematics ammunition to increase significantly.
- the one according to the invention is particularly advantageous Remote control device for remotely steerable projectiles can be used that have constant beacon contact and via this directly to one from the command post targeted target object. Because then, as described in DE-OS 41 37 843, the guide beam in addition to the laser beam from the rangefinder coupled into the main scope and so harmonized with the optical target observation will. During this only rarely and briefly switched on Rangefinder provides the target distance, can the ongoing projectile removal via the beacon be determined by the practical in Continuously operating steering information from one Pulse information for retroreflective distance measurement is superimposed. The same laser resonator can be used for this are used, which also delivers the beacon, by temporarily shifting its wavelength and additionally is modulated and the pulse reflex transit times or phase differences of the frequency-changed beam frequency selective for determining the current projectile distance be received.
- beacon remote control without any Temperature requirements in the course of the loading process, about long distance can be precisely directed to a target object and from the measurement of the residual distance just as precisely is fired at a predetermined distance from the target object.
- Projectile 11 is directed against a target object 12. It is preferably a self-propelled one or post-accelerator, especially with a rocket engine, equipped projectile 11, which is why with a constant or even known in terms of history Projectile speed cannot be calculated. Projectile 11 is - at least in the final phase of Approaching the target - in a target 12 Guide beam 13 controllable. As in the DE-OS 41 37 843 explained in more detail, the guide beam 13 is expedient in the mirror head 14 of the with integrated Laser rangefinder 24 equipped Main scope of a weapon guidance system, in particular for the turret of a main battle tank, coupled. A steering device adapted to the main scope 15 contains a laser resonator 16 and a modulator 17.
- the latter characterizes e.g. against each other defined areas in the cross-sectional area of the Resonator 16 delivered beam 18 from each other distinguishable identifiers and thereby makes them to the beacon 13 because a laser receiver 19 in the projectile 11 thereby in accordance with the current situation in Steel cross section a control information for return of the projectile 11 in the center of the beacon 13 can deliver.
- Opening angle 21 of the guide beam 13 with a greater distance L1 reduced from command post 22 to place of the receiver 19 has an approximately constant cross section of the beacon 13 and thus a constant to achieve dynamic behavior of the trajectory correction.
- the target distance L2 from command post 22 is about the mirror head 14 by means of a laser distance measuring device 24 for example by means of the reflex pulse transit time determines what command post 22 prefers is equipped with an Nd-Yag laser.
- An additional Laser source for determining the current projectile distance L1 is avoided if the energy supplied from the resonator 16 for the guide beam 13 is used.
- For the determination of the Projectile distance L1 becomes the modulation frequencies of the laser steering field - now over the entire beam cross-section - Another frequency modulation essential shorter wavelength (in the MHz range) superimposed.
- a tuning element 25 which is preferably a Raman cell.
- An ignition modulator 29 delivers the permanent Projectile contact of the beacon 13 an ignition command 30 if a distance sensor 31 reaching a than Ignition criterion given triggering distance dL from the Difference between the two current distances L2-L1 determined. With decoding of this firing command 30 in Projectile receiver 19 becomes the projectile warhead 32 initiated at an effective distance from the target object 12. If, on the other hand, the warhead is used in a specific application 32 once by an impact detonator 33 only the beacon needs to be initiated 13 in the final phase of projectile approach to the Target 12 to be aimed without the ignition modulator 29 to control, so for example at zero reset spacer 31; or by accordingly changed function specification before the launch, for example using a selector switch on the projectile.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
Description
Claims (9)
- Fernsteuereinrichtung zum Zünden des Gefechtskopfes (32) eines Projektiles (11) unter Einsatz von Entfernungsmeßeinrichtungen (24,28) zum Ermitteln der Projektil- und der Ziel-Entfernungen (Ll, L2) von einem Gefechtsstand (22) aus, bei dem die Entfernungen (L1, L2) miteinander verglichen werden, sowie mit einer Sendeeinrichtung zur Abgabe eines Zündkommandos (30),
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Projektil (11) mittels eines vom Gefechtsstand (22) aus das Zielobjekt (12) anvisierenden Laser-Leitstrahles (13) auf das Zielobjekt (12) steuerbar ist, über den auch sowohl die Messung der Projektilentfernung (L1) wie die Übermittlung des Zündkommandos (30) erfolgt, letztere bei aktuellem Erreichen einer vorgegebenen Auslöseentfernung (dL = L2 - L1) zwischen Zielobjekt (12) und Projektil (11). - Fernsteuereinrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß Laser-Entfernungsmeßeinrichtungen (24, 28) und eine Laser-Übermittlung des Zündkommandos (30) vorgesehen sind. - Fernsteuereinrichtung nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zusätzlich zu einer Laser-Entfernungsmeßeinrichtung (24) zum sporadischen Ermitteln der Zielentfernung (L2) eine Lenkeinrichtung (15) zur Abgabe eines Laser-Leitstrahles (13) über denselben Spiegelkopf (14) vorgesehen ist und der Laser-Leitstrahl (13) eine Frequenzverschiebung für die Ansteuerung der Projektil-Entfernungsmeßeinrichtung (28) erfährt. - Fernsteuereinrichtung nach Anspruch 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß ein Raman-Abstimmelement (25) für die Entfernungsmessungs-Frequenzverschiebung vorgesehen ist. - Fernsteuereinrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß ein Zündmodulator (29) für die Übermittlung des Zündkommandos (30) über den Leitstrahl (13) vorgesehen ist. - Fernsteuereinrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Projektil (11) heckseitig mit einem Retro-Reflektor (26) ausgestattet ist, der auf die zur Projektilentfernungsmessung verschobene Frequenz des Leitstrahles (13) abgestimmt ist. - Fernsteuereinrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß, sie zusätzlich zur Ziel-Entfernungsmeßeinrichtung (24) und zusammen mit der Leitstrahl-Lenkeinrichtung (15) samt Projektil-Entfernungsmeßeinrichtung (28) in den Spiegelkopf (14) des Hauptzielfernrohres im Gefechtsstand (22) eines Kampfpanzers eingekoppelt ist, aus dessen Rohr das Projektil (11) startbar ist. - Fernsteuereinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß sie eine Leitstrahl-Elevationssteuerung (23) aufweist, die den Leitstrahl (13) nach dem Start des Projektils (11) zunächst gegenüber der Sichtlinie zum Zielobjekt (12) anhebt und erst in der Annäherungs-Endphase der Projektilbewegung auf das Zielobjekt (12) herabschwenkt. - Fernsteuereinrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß für Ausstattung des Projektils (11) mit einem Aufschlagzünder (33) der Zündmodulator (29) am Leitstand (22) oder am Projektil (11) unwirksam schaltbar ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4412688A DE4412688C2 (de) | 1994-04-13 | 1994-04-13 | Fernsteuereinrichtung für ein Leitstrahl-Projektil |
DE4412688 | 1994-04-13 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0677719A1 EP0677719A1 (de) | 1995-10-18 |
EP0677719B1 true EP0677719B1 (de) | 1998-10-14 |
Family
ID=6515271
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95104881A Expired - Lifetime EP0677719B1 (de) | 1994-04-13 | 1995-04-01 | Fernsteuereinrichtung zum Zünden des Gefechtskopfes eines Projektils |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0677719B1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE4412688C2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
UA98976C2 (ru) * | 2007-09-21 | 2012-07-10 | Райнметалл Ваффе Мунитион Гмбх | Способ оптического программирования снаряда и система для его осуществления |
DE102007061813B3 (de) * | 2007-12-20 | 2009-01-29 | Lkf-Lenkflugkörpersysteme Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur gesteuerten Initiierung eines Wirkkörpers nach Einschlag im Bereich eines Ziels |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3485461A (en) * | 1968-04-26 | 1969-12-23 | Us Army | Firing control system for laser-guided projectiles |
US3782667A (en) * | 1972-07-25 | 1974-01-01 | Us Army | Beamrider missile guidance method |
US3844217A (en) * | 1972-09-28 | 1974-10-29 | Gen Electric | Controlled range fuze |
GB1480508A (en) * | 1974-09-06 | 1977-07-20 | Ferranti Ltd | Missile guidance systems |
GB1524122A (en) * | 1976-01-29 | 1978-09-06 | Elliott Brothers London Ltd | Guidance systems for mobile craft |
GB1605301A (en) * | 1976-10-08 | 1988-08-24 | Secr Defence Brit | Fuzing systems for projectiles |
DE3004317A1 (de) * | 1980-02-06 | 1981-08-13 | Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München | Zuendsystem fuer eine granate zur hubschrauberbekaempfung |
DE3123339A1 (de) * | 1981-06-12 | 1982-12-30 | Wegmann & Co, 3500 Kassel | Verfahren zur fernzuendung eines sprenggeschosses, insbesondere eines hubschrauberabwehrgeschosses sowie einrichtung und geschoss zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens |
US4657208A (en) * | 1985-06-10 | 1987-04-14 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Rotating warhead |
DE4137843C2 (de) * | 1991-11-16 | 2000-04-20 | Diehl Stiftung & Co | Waffensystem mit in das Hauptzielfernrohr integriertem Laser-Entfernungsmesser |
-
1994
- 1994-04-13 DE DE4412688A patent/DE4412688C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-04-01 DE DE59503896T patent/DE59503896D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-04-01 EP EP95104881A patent/EP0677719B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0677719A1 (de) | 1995-10-18 |
DE59503896D1 (de) | 1998-11-19 |
DE4412688A1 (de) | 1995-10-19 |
DE4412688C2 (de) | 2000-10-05 |
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