EP0665201A1 - Mélange générateur de gaz - Google Patents

Mélange générateur de gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0665201A1
EP0665201A1 EP94119382A EP94119382A EP0665201A1 EP 0665201 A1 EP0665201 A1 EP 0665201A1 EP 94119382 A EP94119382 A EP 94119382A EP 94119382 A EP94119382 A EP 94119382A EP 0665201 A1 EP0665201 A1 EP 0665201A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
catalyst
mixture according
mixture
gzt
oxidizer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94119382A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0665201B1 (fr
Inventor
Klaus Martin Dr. Bucerius
Helmut Schmid
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV filed Critical Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Publication of EP0665201A1 publication Critical patent/EP0665201A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0665201B1 publication Critical patent/EP0665201B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
    • C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
    • C06D5/06—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more solids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
    • C06B23/007—Ballistic modifiers, burning rate catalysts, burning rate depressing agents, e.g. for gas generating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gas-generating mixture of a fuel, an oxidizer, a catalyst and a coolant.
  • Gas-generating mixtures of the aforementioned type - also called gas generator sets - are characterized in that they enable a high gas yield (> 14 mol / kg) during combustion. They are used for rocket and barrel weapon drives as well as for inflatable restraint (airbag) and rescue systems. In the civil sector in particular, thermal-mechanical insensitivity and non-toxicity of the starting mixtures, but also a lack of toxicity in the resulting gases are required. Many systems in use do not meet these requirements, or meet them only very inadequately.
  • the invention has for its object to lower the combustion temperature and increase the rate of combustion in a mixture of the structure mentioned in the introduction.
  • the oxidizer provided according to the invention results in cold and rapid combustion.
  • the maximum pressure is reached within milliseconds, with the gas temperature remaining below harmful limits.
  • Hitherto necessary slag formers, which in known systems for binding pollutants, e.g. Alkali oxides, required, can be omitted in the mixture according to the invention, so that a higher gas yield can be achieved.
  • the catalyst which is also used according to the invention is primarily used to reduce harmful gas (CO and NO), the term "catalyst" in the broader sense here denoting an active reaction component which can be implemented itself and has a reaction-guiding and / or reaction-accelerating effect.
  • these oxides act as oxygen donors.
  • the catalytic effect in the harmful gas conversion CO + 1/2 O2 ⁇ CO2 can be determined by the particle size distribution or the average particle size of the oxides below 25 ⁇ m should affect.
  • the metal oxide catalyst but also the oxidizer are thermally and mechanically stable and especially not hygroscopic.
  • Oxides or mixed oxides of the transition metals are particularly suitable as catalysts, but preferably V2O5 / MoO3 mixed oxides are used which contain portions of the thermally unstable phase V2O4, which can be represented by partial reduction of V2O5.
  • Other oxides, e.g. TiO2 can be used as promoters.
  • N-rich and C-poor fuels include the well-known fuels TAGN (triaminoguanidine nitrate), NIGU (nitroguanidine), NTO (3-nitro-1,2,3-triazol-5-one) and the particularly high nitrogen content of the GZT (diguanidinium 5,5'- azotetrezolate) (DE 4 108 225).
  • TAGN, NIGU, NTO, but in particular GZT are preferably used in the mixture according to the invention when used for rescue and restraint systems.
  • a preferred mixture consists of GZT and Cu (NO3) 2 * 3Cu (OH) 2 with a balanced oxygen balance and up to 30 mass .-% of the catalyst.
  • the coolant can consist entirely or partially of Fe2O3, the oxidative properties of which can additionally be used in the reaction mixture (DE 41 33 655, EP 0 536 525).
  • the combustion temperature can be determined very precisely by thermodynamic calculation. It is 2122 K. With the same GZT fuel and a balanced oxygen balance, other oxidizers deliver higher combustion temperatures. For example, they are at KNO3 at - 2501 K, at NH4 NO3 at 2850 K and at K Cl O3 at 3248 K.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
EP94119382A 1994-01-18 1994-12-08 Mélange générateur de gaz Expired - Lifetime EP0665201B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4401213 1994-01-18
DE4401213A DE4401213C1 (de) 1994-01-18 1994-01-18 Gaserzeugende Mischung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0665201A1 true EP0665201A1 (fr) 1995-08-02
EP0665201B1 EP0665201B1 (fr) 1996-11-20

Family

ID=6508091

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94119382A Expired - Lifetime EP0665201B1 (fr) 1994-01-18 1994-12-08 Mélange générateur de gaz

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US5542998A (fr)
EP (1) EP0665201B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4401213C1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0694511A1 (fr) * 1994-02-15 1996-01-31 Nippon Koki Co., Ltd. Composition gazogene, procede de fabrication de comprimes de ladite composition et procede de transport associe

Families Citing this family (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4442170C1 (de) * 1994-11-26 1995-12-21 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Gaserzeugende Mischung
DE4442169C1 (de) * 1994-11-26 1995-12-21 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Gaserzeugende Mischung
DE19531288A1 (de) * 1995-08-25 1997-02-27 Temic Bayern Chem Airbag Gmbh Pyrotechnische Gasgeneratoren mit verbessertem Anbrennverhalten
US5608183A (en) * 1996-03-15 1997-03-04 Morton International, Inc. Gas generant compositions containing amine nitrates plus basic copper (II) nitrate and/or cobalt(III) triammine trinitrate
US6527886B1 (en) 1996-07-22 2003-03-04 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Gas generant for air bag
US6497774B2 (en) 1996-07-22 2002-12-24 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Gas generant for air bag
US6306232B1 (en) 1996-07-29 2001-10-23 Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. Thermally stable nonazide automotive airbag propellants
DE19712820A1 (de) * 1997-03-26 1998-10-01 Basf Ag Abbrandmoderatoren für gaserzeugende Mischungen
DE29806504U1 (de) 1998-04-08 1998-08-06 TRW Airbag Systems GmbH & Co. KG, 84544 Aschau Azidfreie, gaserzeugende Zusammensetzung
US6132538A (en) * 1998-07-30 2000-10-17 Autoliv Development Ab High gas yield generant compositions
DE29821544U1 (de) 1998-12-02 1999-02-18 TRW Airbag Systems GmbH & Co. KG, 84544 Aschau Azidfreie, gaserzeugende Zusammensetzung
JP2000319085A (ja) * 1999-04-30 2000-11-21 Daicel Chem Ind Ltd ガス発生剤組成物
US6143102A (en) * 1999-05-06 2000-11-07 Autoliv Asp, Inc. Burn rate-enhanced basic copper nitrate-containing gas generant compositions and methods
WO2001023304A1 (fr) * 1999-09-27 2001-04-05 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Nitrate de metal basique, procede de production de ce nitrate, et composition contenant un agent generateur de gaz
US6224697B1 (en) 1999-12-03 2001-05-01 Autoliv Development Ab Gas generant manufacture
US6372191B1 (en) 1999-12-03 2002-04-16 Autoliv Asp, Inc. Phase stabilized ammonium nitrate and method of making the same
US6436211B1 (en) 2000-07-18 2002-08-20 Autoliv Asp, Inc. Gas generant manufacture
US6591752B2 (en) 2001-02-12 2003-07-15 Trw Inc. Ignition material for an igniter
US6589375B2 (en) 2001-03-02 2003-07-08 Talley Defense Systems, Inc. Low solids gas generant having a low flame temperature
US6875295B2 (en) 2001-12-27 2005-04-05 Trw Inc. Cool burning gas generating material for a vehicle occupant protection apparatus
US6964716B2 (en) 2002-09-12 2005-11-15 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Gas generating composition
US6872265B2 (en) 2003-01-30 2005-03-29 Autoliv Asp, Inc. Phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate
WO2005097711A2 (fr) * 2004-03-29 2005-10-20 Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. Generateur de gaz et procede de fabrication
WO2012087995A1 (fr) * 2010-12-22 2012-06-28 3M Innovative Properties Company Systèmes de liaison adhésive en retrait et procédés de réalisation de ceux-ci

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB658643A (en) * 1949-01-12 1951-10-10 Alexander Cantlay Hutchison Improvements in or relating to solid gas generating charges
US2604391A (en) * 1946-11-08 1952-07-22 Ici Ltd Gas-producing nondetonating composition
EP0430463A2 (fr) * 1989-11-20 1991-06-05 Morton International, Inc. Compositions génératrices de gaz contenant du nitrotriazalone
DE4108225C1 (fr) * 1991-03-14 1992-04-09 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung Ev, 8000 Muenchen, De

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3664898A (en) * 1969-08-04 1972-05-23 Us Navy Pyrotechnic composition
US4336085A (en) * 1975-09-04 1982-06-22 Walker Franklin E Explosive composition with group VIII metal nitroso halide getter
US4632714A (en) * 1985-09-19 1986-12-30 Megabar Corporation Microcellular composite energetic materials and method for making same
US4994123A (en) * 1990-05-29 1991-02-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Polymeric intermolecular emulsion explosive
US5145535A (en) * 1991-02-25 1992-09-08 United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Method for intermolecular explosive with viscosity modifier
DE4218531C1 (fr) * 1991-10-11 1993-07-15 Bayern-Chemie Gesellschaft Fuer Flugchemische Antriebe Mbh, 8261 Aschau, De

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2604391A (en) * 1946-11-08 1952-07-22 Ici Ltd Gas-producing nondetonating composition
GB658643A (en) * 1949-01-12 1951-10-10 Alexander Cantlay Hutchison Improvements in or relating to solid gas generating charges
EP0430463A2 (fr) * 1989-11-20 1991-06-05 Morton International, Inc. Compositions génératrices de gaz contenant du nitrotriazalone
DE4108225C1 (fr) * 1991-03-14 1992-04-09 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung Ev, 8000 Muenchen, De
EP0503341A1 (fr) * 1991-03-14 1992-09-16 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Composé stable, riche en azote

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0694511A1 (fr) * 1994-02-15 1996-01-31 Nippon Koki Co., Ltd. Composition gazogene, procede de fabrication de comprimes de ladite composition et procede de transport associe
EP0694511A4 (fr) * 1994-02-15 1997-02-26 Nippon Koki Kk Composition gazogene, procede de fabrication de comprimes de ladite composition et procede de transport associe

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4401213C1 (de) 1995-03-02
DE59401081D1 (de) 1997-01-02
US5542998A (en) 1996-08-06
EP0665201B1 (fr) 1996-11-20

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