EP0716058B1 - Mélange générateur de gaz - Google Patents

Mélange générateur de gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0716058B1
EP0716058B1 EP95116145A EP95116145A EP0716058B1 EP 0716058 B1 EP0716058 B1 EP 0716058B1 EP 95116145 A EP95116145 A EP 95116145A EP 95116145 A EP95116145 A EP 95116145A EP 0716058 B1 EP0716058 B1 EP 0716058B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mixture
catalyst
mixture according
gzt
mass
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95116145A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0716058A1 (fr
Inventor
Klaus Martin Dr. Rer. Nat. Bucerius
Norbert Dr. Rer. Nat. Eisenreich
Helmut Schmid
Walter Dr. Phil. Engel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV filed Critical Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Publication of EP0716058A1 publication Critical patent/EP0716058A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0716058B1 publication Critical patent/EP0716058B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
    • C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
    • C06D5/06—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more solids

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gas-generating mixture consisting of a nitrogen-rich and low-carbon fuel from the group nitroguanidine (NIGU), triaminoguanidine nitrate (TAGN), diguanidinium-5,5'-azotetrazolate (GZT) and 3-nitro-1,2,3-triazole -5-on (NTO), catalysts, oxidizers and possibly coolants.
  • NIGU nitroguanidine
  • TAGN triaminoguanidine nitrate
  • GZT diguanidinium-5,5'-azotetrazolate
  • NTO 3-nitro-1,2,3-triazole -5-on
  • Gas-generating mixtures of the aforementioned type - also called gas generator sets - are distinguished by the fact that they enable a high gas yield (> 14 mol / kg) during combustion. They are used for inflatable restraint systems (airbags) and rescue systems, fire extinguishing systems and for insensitive solid fuels for rocket and barrel weapon drives. In the civil sector in particular, thermal-mechanical insensitivity and non-toxicity of the starting mixtures, but also a lack of toxicity in the resulting gases are required.
  • the invention is based on the object of proposing a gas-generating mixture which itself and its combustion products are non-toxic, in particular have a low CO and NO x pollutant gas content and which nevertheless have a high combustion rate at a low combustion temperature.
  • the catalyst consists of V 2 O 5 / MoO 3 mixed oxides and / or oxide mixtures.
  • the burn-up behavior of the reaction mixture can be adjusted over a wide range by using copper diamine dinitrate as the oxidizer.
  • a high burning rate is achieved, so that the maximum pressure builds up within a few milliseconds, but the combustion temperature is relatively low, so that thermally sensitive bag materials are not endangered, particularly in airbag systems.
  • the catalyst system consists of V 2 O 5 / MoO 3 mixed oxides and / or oxide mixtures, which can contain portions of the thermodynamically unstable V 2 O 4 phase, which can be achieved by partial reduction of V 2 O 5 . Additional oxides such as TiO 2 can be incorporated as promoters.
  • the complex interrelationship of this system makes it necessary to describe in more detail the term "catalyst", which is used in a broader sense.
  • the term “catalyst” refers to an active reaction component that can be implemented itself and has a reaction-guiding and / or reaction-accelerating effect. In a phase of the reaction determined by the thermal stability of the oxides, these oxides act as oxygen donors.
  • the catalytic effect with regard to the harmful gas conversion CO + 1/2 O 2 - CO 2 also depends on the particle size distribution of the oxides. It is preferably less than 25 microns.
  • the catalyst system and the oxidizer meet the thermo-mechanical stability requirements and in particular are also not hygroscopic, which is permanent Functionality and long service life guaranteed.
  • a preferred type of mixture consists of GZT and the oxidizer Cu (NH 3 ) 2 (NO 3 ) 2 in a mass ratio of 0.216: 0.784.
  • this basic mixture contains up to 30% by mass of the catalyst with the molecular formula V 6 Mo 15 O 60 (oxide mixture of V 2 O 5 and MoO 3 ).
  • a coolant for example Fe 2 O 3 , can also be added.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Mélange générateur de gaz composé d'un combustible riche en azote et pauvre en carbone du groupe composé de nitroguanidine (NIGU), de nitrate de triaminoguanidine (TAGN), de diguanidinium-5,5'-azotétrazolate (GZT), et de 2-nitro-1,2,3-triazol-5-one (NTO), de catalyseurs, d'oxydants et le cas échéant, d'agents réfrigérants,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'oxydant est le diamminedinitrate de cuivre (Cu(NH3)2-(NO3)2 et que le catalyseur consiste d'oxydes mixtes V2O5/MoO3 et/ou de mélanges d'oxydes.
  2. Mélange selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le catalyseur est un mélange d'oxydes de formule brute V6Mo15O60.
  3. Mélange selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le catalyseur contient des proportions de la phase de V204 thermodynamiquement instable.
  4. Mélange selon une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le catalyseur contient en addition du TiO2.
  5. Mélange selon une des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le catalyseur présente une taille granulométrique moyenne < 25 µm.
  6. Mélange selon une des revendications 1 à 5,
    consistant d'un mélange de GZT, de Cu(NH3)2(NO3)2 à bilan d'oxygène équilibré et avec une teneur en catalyseur de jusqu'à 30 % massiques dans le mélange.
  7. Mélange selon la revendication 6,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le GZT et le Cu(NH3)2(NO3)2 sont présents en rapport de 21,6 : 78,4 % massiques.
  8. Mélange selon une des revendications 1 à 7,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'agent de refroidissement consiste entièrement ou partiellement de Fe2O3.
EP95116145A 1994-11-26 1995-10-13 Mélange générateur de gaz Expired - Lifetime EP0716058B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4442169 1994-11-26
DE4442169A DE4442169C1 (de) 1994-11-26 1994-11-26 Gaserzeugende Mischung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0716058A1 EP0716058A1 (fr) 1996-06-12
EP0716058B1 true EP0716058B1 (fr) 1997-08-13

Family

ID=6534253

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95116145A Expired - Lifetime EP0716058B1 (fr) 1994-11-26 1995-10-13 Mélange générateur de gaz

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5663524A (fr)
EP (1) EP0716058B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE156797T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4442169C1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2106608T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050067074A1 (en) * 1994-01-19 2005-03-31 Hinshaw Jerald C. Metal complexes for use as gas generants
US5725699A (en) 1994-01-19 1998-03-10 Thiokol Corporation Metal complexes for use as gas generants
WO1996020147A1 (fr) * 1994-12-28 1996-07-04 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Agent generateur de gaz
EP0763512A4 (fr) * 1995-02-03 2001-02-21 Otsuka Kagaku Kk Agent generateur de gaz pour air-bag
US5889161A (en) * 1998-05-13 1999-03-30 Sri International N,N'-azobis-nitroazoles and analogs thereof as igniter compounds for use in energetic compositions
US6132538A (en) * 1998-07-30 2000-10-17 Autoliv Development Ab High gas yield generant compositions
JP2000086375A (ja) * 1998-09-09 2000-03-28 Daicel Chem Ind Ltd ガス発生剤組成物
JP2000086376A (ja) * 1998-09-14 2000-03-28 Daicel Chem Ind Ltd ガス発生剤組成物
US6103030A (en) * 1998-12-28 2000-08-15 Autoliv Asp, Inc. Burn rate-enhanced high gas yield non-azide gas generants
US6592691B2 (en) * 1999-05-06 2003-07-15 Autoliv Asp, Inc. Gas generant compositions containing copper ethylenediamine dinitrate
US6372191B1 (en) 1999-12-03 2002-04-16 Autoliv Asp, Inc. Phase stabilized ammonium nitrate and method of making the same
US6224697B1 (en) 1999-12-03 2001-05-01 Autoliv Development Ab Gas generant manufacture
US6436211B1 (en) 2000-07-18 2002-08-20 Autoliv Asp, Inc. Gas generant manufacture
US6872265B2 (en) 2003-01-30 2005-03-29 Autoliv Asp, Inc. Phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate
US20060054257A1 (en) * 2003-04-11 2006-03-16 Mendenhall Ivan V Gas generant materials
US20060289096A1 (en) * 2003-07-25 2006-12-28 Mendenhall Ivan V Extrudable gas generant
US20050016646A1 (en) 2003-07-25 2005-01-27 Barnes Michael W. Chlorine-containing gas generant compositions including a copper-containing chlorine scavenger
US8101033B2 (en) 2004-07-26 2012-01-24 Autoliv Asp, Inc. Alkali metal perchlorate-containing gas generants
US10968147B2 (en) * 2005-06-02 2021-04-06 Ruag Ammotec Gmbh Pyrotechnic agent

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2220891A (en) * 1939-08-09 1940-11-12 Du Pont Ammonium nitrate explosive composition
US3814694A (en) * 1971-08-09 1974-06-04 Aerojet General Co Non-toxic gas generation
DE3642850C1 (de) * 1986-12-16 1988-02-18 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Verfahren zur Herstellung von partikelfoermigem Ammoniumnitrat fuer feste Treib- oder Explosivstoffe
DE4108225C1 (fr) * 1991-03-14 1992-04-09 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung Ev, 8000 Muenchen, De
US5125684A (en) * 1991-10-15 1992-06-30 Hercules Incorporated Extrudable gas generating propellants, method and apparatus
US5160386A (en) * 1991-11-04 1992-11-03 Morton International, Inc. Gas generant formulations containing poly(nitrito) metal complexes as oxidants and method
US5516377A (en) * 1994-01-10 1996-05-14 Thiokol Corporation Gas generating compositions based on salts of 5-nitraminotetrazole
DE4401213C1 (de) * 1994-01-18 1995-03-02 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Gaserzeugende Mischung
DE4401214C1 (de) * 1994-01-18 1995-03-02 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Gaserzeugende Mischung
AU1597195A (en) * 1994-01-19 1995-08-08 Thiokol Corporation Metal complexes for use as gas generants

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0716058A1 (fr) 1996-06-12
ATE156797T1 (de) 1997-08-15
ES2106608T3 (es) 1997-11-01
DE59500509D1 (de) 1997-09-18
DE4442169C1 (de) 1995-12-21
US5663524A (en) 1997-09-02

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