EP0664573B1 - Non-reciprocal circuit element - Google Patents

Non-reciprocal circuit element Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0664573B1
EP0664573B1 EP94919825A EP94919825A EP0664573B1 EP 0664573 B1 EP0664573 B1 EP 0664573B1 EP 94919825 A EP94919825 A EP 94919825A EP 94919825 A EP94919825 A EP 94919825A EP 0664573 B1 EP0664573 B1 EP 0664573B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrodes
magnet
central
multilayer substrate
another
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94919825A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0664573A1 (en
EP0664573A4 (en
Inventor
Hiroki Murata Manufacturing Co. Ltd. Dejima
Takashi Murata Manufacturing Co. Ltd. Hasegawa
Yutaka Murata Manufacturing Co. Ltd. Ishiura
Yoshikazu Murata Manufacturing Co. Ltd. Chigodou
Hiroshi Murata Manufacturing Co. Ltd. Matsui
Keiji Murata Manufacturing Co. Ltd. Ogawa
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd filed Critical Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd
Publication of EP0664573A1 publication Critical patent/EP0664573A1/en
Publication of EP0664573A4 publication Critical patent/EP0664573A4/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0664573B1 publication Critical patent/EP0664573B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/32—Non-reciprocal transmission devices
    • H01P1/38—Circulators
    • H01P1/383—Junction circulators, e.g. Y-circulators
    • H01P1/387—Strip line circulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P3/00—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type
    • H01P3/18—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type built-up from several layers to increase operating surface, i.e. alternately conductive and dielectric layers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a non-reciprocal circuit element which is employed in VHF, UHF and SHF bands such as a circulator or an isolator, for example, and more particularly, it relates to a structure which can be miniaturized and reduced in weight and cost.
  • a non-reciprocal element such as an isolator or a circulator having a function of passing signals only in a transmission direction and preventing the same from opposite transmission is indispensable for a transmission circuit part of a mobile communication device such as a portable telephone or a car telephone.
  • miniaturization and weight reduction are required for the non-reciprocal element.
  • cost reduction for the part is required for exciting the demand.
  • a non-reciprocal element provided with central electrodes, matching circuit electrodes and the like which are intensively arranged on dielectric substrates.
  • Figs. 8 and 9 show an exemplary circulator 100 having such a structure.
  • Fig. 9 illustrates a sectional structure of the circulator, and Fig.
  • the conventional circulator 100 comprises dielectric substrates 107 to 109, a ferrite member 104 and a magnet 106 which are arranged in a metal yoke 100.
  • the ferrite member 104 is connected to a bottom surface of the yoke 104 through an earth plate 105.
  • the dielectric substrates 107 to 109 are arranged on such positions that central electrodes 102 provided thereon face the ferrite member 104.
  • the magnet 106 is stuck onto an inner upper surface of the yoke 101 to face the central electrodes 102. This magnet 106 applies a dc magnetic field to the central electrodes 102.
  • the central electrodes 102, capacitive electrodes 110 and earth electrodes 111 are formed in a laminate of the three dielectric substrates 107 to 109.
  • Such a multilayer substrate is manufactured through the following steps: First, ceramic green sheets are fired to form the respective substrates 107 to 109, and thereafter the central electrodes 102, the capacitive electrodes 110 and the earth electrodes 111 are pattern-formed on first major surfaces of the respective substrates 107 to 109, while earth electrodes 112 are pattern-formed on second major surfaces and baked. Then, the dielectric substrates 107 to 109 provided with the electrodes are stacked and compression-bonded to each other. Further, the earth electrodes 111 and 112 are connected with each other by through-hole electrodes 113.
  • the capacitive electrodes 110 are provided with external electrodes 114, which are connected with input/output terminals.
  • a matching capacitance is formed by the capacitive electrodes 110, the dielectric substrates 107 to 109 and the earth electrodes 112.
  • the matching capacitance is formed around the three central electrodes 102 intersecting with each other, thereby miniaturizing the overall part.
  • the capacitance value of the matching capacitance is defined by opposition areas of the capacitive electrodes 110 and the earth electrodes 112. If the required capacitance value is increased, therefore, electrode areas of the capacitive electrodes 110 must be increased. Thus, the substrate areas of the dielectric substrates 107 to 109 are also increased, leading to increase of the overall part size. In other words, the part size is restricted by the required capacitance value.
  • the conventional structure requires two firing steps for firing the ceramic green sheets and for baking the patterned electrodes on the substrates, leading to increase in manufacturing cost. Further, a complicated assembling operation of positioning and fixing the magnet 106, the ferrite member 104 and the like in the yoke 101 independently of each other also leads to increase in manufacturing cost.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a non-reciprocal element which can be reduced in part size.
  • the invention is defined in claims 1-12.
  • Figs. 1 to 4 show the structure of a lumped parameter circulator 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the circulator 1 has a multilayer substrate 3, a lower yoke 2 and an upper yoke 6.
  • the lower and upper yokes 2 and 6 are prepared from a magnetic metal in the form of boxes enclosing the multilayer substrate 3 along the vertical direction.
  • the multilayer substrate 3 has a first aperture 26 for receiving a ferrite member 4 and a second aperture 25 for receiving a permanent magnet 5 in an upper portion which is close to the upper yoke 6, while projections 7 are formed on both ends of the multilayer substrate 3 which are close to the lower yoke 2.
  • the projections 7 project from clearances between the upper and lower yokes 6 and 2, to expose external electrodes 8a to 8c and 9a to 9c serving as input/output terminals and earth terminals respectively.
  • the external electrodes 8a to 8c and 9a to 9c are connected to electrode lines which are provided on this circuit board.
  • the ferrite member 4 is mounted in the second aperture 25 of the multilayer substrate 3.
  • the permanent magnet 5 is mounted in the second aperture 25 which is located above the ferrite member 4, with interposition of an earth plate 27.
  • the multilayer substrate 3 is a sintered body which is formed by integrally firing a number of dielectric layers, and respective electrodes are buried in this sintered body.
  • the dielectric layers which are still in unfired states are denoted by reference numerals for convenience of illustration of the respective portions.
  • the multilayer substrate 3 is mainly classified into six layers L1 to L6.
  • the first layer L1 having the second aperture 25 for receiving the permanent magnet 5, is formed by two first dielectric sheets 12, for example.
  • the first dielectric sheets 12 are provided in central portions thereof with holes 12a which are sized to be capable of receiving the permanent magnet 5.
  • the second layer L2 which is provided with the first aperture 26 for receiving the ferrite member 4, is formed by two second dielectric sheets 13, for example.
  • the second dielectric sheets 13 are provided in central portions thereof with holes 13a which are sized to be capable of receiving the ferrite member 4.
  • the third layer L3 which is mainly adapted to form a matching capacitance, is formed by alternately stacking a plurality of sets of third dielectric sheets 14 provided with earth electrodes 14a and fourth dielectric sheets 15 provided with capacitive electrodes 15a to 15c.
  • Each earth electrode 14a is formed substantially on the overall surface of each third dielectric sheet 14 excluding its central portion, and has an externally derived portion 14b provided on one side edge of the third dielectric sheet 14 and two externally derived portions 14b provided on another side edge. These externally derived portions 14b are connected to the external electrodes 8b, 9a and 9c respectively.
  • the capacitive electrodes 15a to 15c are uniformly arranged on the surface of each fourth dielectric sheet 15 at intervals of 120°.
  • a single capacitive electrode such as the electrode 15a for example, is combined with a single dielectric sheet 14 or 15 and a single earth electrode 14a, to form a single capacitive part.
  • a number of such capacitive parts are stacked in this third layer L3. The number of the capacitive parts to be stacked with each other is set in response to the capacitance value of the matching capacitance as required.
  • the fourth layer L4 is formed by three fifth dielectric sheets 16 provided with central electrodes 16a.
  • the fifth dielectric sheets 16 also serve as dielectric sheets forming the aforementioned capacitive parts.
  • Each central electrode 16a has two lines extending on a central portion of the surface of each fifth dielectric sheet 16 in parallel with each other.
  • the central electrodes 16a provided on the three fifth dielectric sheets 16 are arranged to intersect with each other at angles of 120°.
  • a single capacitive electrode 16b forming the aforementioned single capacitive part is connected to an end of each central electrode 16a.
  • the other end of each central electrode 16a is connected to an earth electrode 16c.
  • the respective capacitive electrodes 16b are provided with externally derived electrodes 16d, which are connected with the external electrodes 8a, 8c and 9b respectively. Further, externally derived portions 16e which are provided on the earth electrodes 16c are connected to the external electrodes 8b, 9a and 9c respectively.
  • a plurality of fourth dielectric sheets 14 provided with earth electrodes 14a are stacked with each other.
  • the lowermost fourth dielectric sheet 14 is so stacked as to downwardly direct its earth electrode 14a.
  • a plurality of strip-shaped ceramic sheets 23 and 24 are stacked with each other.
  • the ceramic sheets 23 and 24 are provided on outer side surfaces thereof with electrodes 8a' to 8c' and 9a' to 9c' corresponding to the external electrodes 8a to 8c and 9a to 9c respectively.
  • the plurality of capacitive electrodes 15a and 16b which are provided in the third layer L3 are connected with each other along the direction of stacking via through-hole electrodes 20.
  • the capacitive electrodes 15b and 16b as well as 15c and 16b are connected with each other along the direction of stacking via the through-hole electrodes 20 respectively.
  • the plurality of earth electrodes 14a are connected with each other along the direction of stacking via through-hole electrodes 21. Due to such connection, the respective capacitive parts which are formed in the third layer L3 are connected in parallel with each other every central electrode 16a, to form the matching capacitance.
  • the electrodes 8a, 8c and 9b which are formed in the sixth layer L6 are connected to the capacitive electrodes 16d respectively.
  • the multilayer substrate 3 having the aforementioned structure is manufactured in the following manner: First, flexible ceramic green sheets are formed by extrusion molding, for example, from a slurry prepared by mixing dielectric ceramic powder with an organic binder or the like, and cut into prescribed dimensions. Then, electrodes of Pd, Pt or Ag are pattern-formed on surfaces of the ceramic green sheets which are in the form of rectangular plates having thicknesses of about several 10 ⁇ m by printing or vapor deposition. Then, the respective dielectric sheets are stacked in the order shown in Fig. 3 or 4 and compression-bonded to each other, and fired at a high temperature to form a laminate. The ceramic sheets 23 and 24 for forming the projections 7 are also fired at the same time. Thus, the multilayer substrate 3 is formed by the dielectric sheets and the electrodes which are fired integrally with each other.
  • the first and second apertures 25 and 26 for receiving the permanent magnet 5 and the ferrite member 4 may be formed in the ceramic green sheets in advance of firing, or the upper surface of the multilayer substrate 3 formed by integral firing may be cut to define the apertures 25 and 26.
  • the ferrite member 4, the earth plate 27 and the permanent magnet 5 are first inserted in the first and second apertures 25 and 26 of the multilayer substrate 3, and thereafter the lower and upper yokes 2 and 6 are assembled therewith to complete the circulator 1 having the aforementioned structure.
  • the ferrite member 4 and the permanent magnet 5 are automatically located in prescribed positions facing the central electrodes 16a, by the previously formed first and second apertures 25 and 26.
  • the permanent magnet 5 applies a dc magnetic field to the central electrodes 16a.
  • the circulator 1 according to this embodiment has the following characteristics:
  • a circulator according to a second embodiment of the present invention is different in a state of arrangement of ferrite members 4 and permanent magnets 5 as compared with that in the circulator 1 according to the first embodiment.
  • this circulator 50 has second apertures 55 for receiving the permanent magnets 5 and first apertures 56 for receiving the ferrite members 4 in upper and lower surfaces of a multilayer substrate 53 facing central electrodes (not shown) respectively.
  • the permanent magnets 5 are mounted in the respective second apertures 55, while the ferrite members 4 are mounted in the respective first apertures 56 with interposition of earth plates 27.
  • the respective central electrodes provided in the multilayer substrate 53 are held by the pair of ferrite members 4, to be supplied with bias magnetic fields by the pair of permanent magnets 5 from upper and lower sides. According to this structure, it is possible to further reduce insertion loss as compared with the circulator 1 according to the first embodiment, in particular. Further, the effect described with reference to the first embodiment can be similarly obtained.
  • first and second embodiments has been described with reference to a circulator serving as a non-reciprocal circuit element, the inventive structure is also applicable to an isolator.
  • a terminating resistance is connected to any one of the derived electrodes 16d of the three central electrodes 16a.
  • these electrodes may alternatively be connected with each other through electrodes which are formed on side surfaces of the dielectric sheets, in place of the through-hole electrodes.
  • a dielectric sheet 61 shown in Fig. 7 corresponds to a structure which is employed in place of the three fifth dielectric sheets 16 shown in Fig. 3.
  • First central electrode portions 62a to 67a are formed on a central region of an upper surface of the dielectric sheet 61.
  • the six first central electrode portions 62a to 67a are classified into three groups each formed by a pair of first central electrode portions extending in parallel with each other.
  • the first central electrode portions 62a and 63a form a group, while the first central electrode portion 62a forming this group is increased in length as compared with the other first central electrode portion 63a.
  • the pairs of first central electrode portions forming the respective groups are electrically connected to electrode portions 68 to 70 of sector shapes having lost central sides.
  • the dielectric sheet 61 is provided with through-hole conductive portions 71 to 73.
  • the through-hole conductive portions 71 to 73 are formed by filling up through holes with conductive materials.
  • the electrode portions 68 to 70 are drawn out on a lower surface of the dielectric sheet 61 by the through-hole conductive portions 71 to 73.
  • through-hole conductive portions 74 are formed on forward ends of the aforementioned plurality of first central electrode portions 62a to 67a respectively.
  • Fig. 7 shows electrode shapes on the lower surface in a downwardly projected manner, in order to clarify the electrode shapes on the lower surface.
  • second central electrode portions 62b to 67b are formed in a center.
  • the second central electrode portions 62b to 67b are electrically connected to corresponding first central electrode portions through the aforementioned through-hole conductive portions 74 respectively.
  • the second central electrode portion 62b is electrically connected with the first central electrode portion 62a provided on the upper surface side through the through-hole conductive portion 74, thereby forming a single central electrode.
  • the remaining first and second central electrode portions are also electrically connected with each other through the through-hole conductive portions, thereby forming central electrodes respectively.
  • the respective central electrodes are formed through the upper and lower surfaces of the single dielectric sheet 61, while all of the plurality of central electrodes intersecting with each other in the central region of the dielectric sheet 61 are formed through the upper and lower surfaces of the single dielectric sheet 61. Namely, the plurality of central electrodes are not separated through dielectric layers in a multilayer substrate.
  • portions of the second central electrode portions 62b to 67b which are opposite to forward end portions connected to the through-hole conductive portions 74 are electrically connected to an earth electrode 77 which is formed in the periphery.
  • the earth electrode 77 is provided with a plurality of notches 78 which are opened toward the central region.
  • the respective notches 78 are provided for preventing electrical connection between the through-hole conductive portions 71 to 73, which are electrically connected with the electrode portions 68 to 70, and the earth electrode 77.
  • the through-hole conductive portions 71 to 73 are electrically connected to the through-hole conductive portions 20 shown in Fig. 3.
  • the earth electrode 77 is electrically connected to through-hole conductive portions 21 (see Fig. 3) which are arranged on a lower portion, as shown by broken circles.
  • the electrode structure on the lower surface of the dielectric sheet 61 may be formed on an upper surface of another dielectric sheet which is arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric sheet 61.
  • the electrode structures in this modification may be separately formed on a plurality of dielectric sheets, so far as the same are connected with each other by the through-hole conductive portions.

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  • Non-Reversible Transmitting Devices (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)
EP94919825A 1993-06-30 1994-06-29 Non-reciprocal circuit element Expired - Lifetime EP0664573B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP16173693 1993-06-30
JP161736/93 1993-06-30
JP16173693 1993-06-30
PCT/JP1994/001059 WO1995001659A1 (fr) 1993-06-30 1994-06-29 Element de circuit non reciproque

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0664573A1 EP0664573A1 (en) 1995-07-26
EP0664573A4 EP0664573A4 (en) 1996-11-20
EP0664573B1 true EP0664573B1 (en) 2001-09-26

Family

ID=15740914

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94919825A Expired - Lifetime EP0664573B1 (en) 1993-06-30 1994-06-29 Non-reciprocal circuit element

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0664573B1 (zh)
KR (1) KR0174636B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1041256C (zh)
DE (1) DE69428421T2 (zh)
FI (1) FI114584B (zh)
NO (1) NO311391B1 (zh)
WO (1) WO1995001659A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3239959B2 (ja) * 1992-08-05 2001-12-17 株式会社村田製作所 マイクロ波用非可逆回路素子
DE69621567T2 (de) * 1995-11-27 2002-10-31 Murata Manufacturing Co Nichtreziprokes Schaltungselement
TW306106B (en) * 1996-04-03 1997-05-21 Deltec New Zealand Circulator and its components
JP3125693B2 (ja) * 1996-11-14 2001-01-22 株式会社村田製作所 非可逆回路素子
EP1139486A1 (en) * 2000-03-27 2001-10-04 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Non-reciprocal circuit device and wireless communications equipment comprising the same

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0626281B2 (ja) * 1989-02-01 1994-04-06 日立フェライト株式会社 集中定数型アイソレータ
JPH02134711U (zh) * 1989-04-13 1990-11-08
JPH0386608U (zh) * 1989-12-22 1991-09-02
EP0456845B1 (de) * 1990-05-12 1994-03-23 Wilhelm Hegenscheidt Gesellschaft mbH Verfahren zum Profilieren oder Reprofilieren von Eisenbahnrädern durch zerspanende Bearbeitung
JPH0425302U (zh) * 1990-06-25 1992-02-28
JP2803414B2 (ja) * 1991-11-15 1998-09-24 松下電器産業株式会社 多層セラミック基板の製造方法
JP3211841B2 (ja) * 1992-04-17 2001-09-25 株式会社村田製作所 非可逆回路素子およびその製造方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR0174636B1 (ko) 1999-04-01
FI114584B (fi) 2004-11-15
DE69428421D1 (de) 2001-10-31
NO950729L (no) 1995-02-27
EP0664573A1 (en) 1995-07-26
WO1995001659A1 (fr) 1995-01-12
CN1041256C (zh) 1998-12-16
NO311391B1 (no) 2001-11-19
FI950884A0 (fi) 1995-02-27
FI950884A (fi) 1995-02-27
EP0664573A4 (en) 1996-11-20
KR950703213A (ko) 1995-08-23
CN1111075A (zh) 1995-11-01
DE69428421T2 (de) 2002-05-23
NO950729D0 (no) 1995-02-27

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