EP0662875B1 - Mixer-conveyor - Google Patents
Mixer-conveyor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0662875B1 EP0662875B1 EP93921847A EP93921847A EP0662875B1 EP 0662875 B1 EP0662875 B1 EP 0662875B1 EP 93921847 A EP93921847 A EP 93921847A EP 93921847 A EP93921847 A EP 93921847A EP 0662875 B1 EP0662875 B1 EP 0662875B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- duct
- conveying
- mixing tank
- pressure
- air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
- B28C5/08—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions using driven mechanical means affecting the mixing
- B28C5/10—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing
- B28C5/12—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers
- B28C5/1223—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers discontinuously operating mixing devices, e.g. with consecutive containers
- B28C5/123—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers discontinuously operating mixing devices, e.g. with consecutive containers with pressure or suction means for discharging
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for mixing and conveying mortar, concrete and similar thick matter with a mixing vessel, a delivery line connected to the mixing vessel near the ground and an upper air line and lower air line which can be pressurized with compressed air via a compressor, the upper air line leading into the air space of the upper boiler area and the under-air line opens into the delivery line at a connection point near the boiler.
- the invention further relates to a method for conveying thick matter from the mixing vessel into the delivery line.
- a throttle designed as a valve is arranged for the purpose of correct distribution the compressed air can be adjusted by hand.
- the compressor which is designed as a screw compressor, is switched on and off via a shut-off valve arranged in the suction line. Since the device is often operated by untrained personnel, the throttles arranged in the upper air line and in the lower air line are once placed in a predetermined position and left in this position when the system is started up.
- the mixing tank filled with the material to be mixed and conveyed is closed pressure-tight and the compressor is opened by opening of the shut-off valve in the suction line switched on.
- the engine speed is increased at the same time.
- the delivery pressure of about 4 to 5 bar gradually builds up in the boiler, especially via the upper air line.
- this pressure build-up is delayed by the fact that the compressed air supplied via the sub-air line can initially escape via the delivery line without conveying mixed material until it is pressed into the delivery line via the boiler pressure material and the injection air supplied via the sub-air line is used to convey the plugs.
- One consequence of this is a not inconsiderable lengthening of the conveying process and thus increased boiler wear and fuel consumption.
- the compressed air supply is switched off again when a boiler filling is discharged and the conveyance is ended. As soon as the boiler pressure falls below 1 bar, the boiler can be relieved by opening a vent valve and opened for refilling.
- the agitator which is driven by the compressor motor, continues to run when the compressed air supply is switched off and ensures rapid mixing of the material to be mixed and conveyed during the mixing phase.
- the object of the invention is to develop a simplified device and a method for conveying thick matter which does not require trained personnel through self-regulation.
- the solution according to the invention is based on the idea of controlling the compressed air supply to the lower air line and to the upper air line in such a way that the pressure build-up and the material transport in the delivery line are optimized during the entire delivery phase.
- a shut-off or directional valve designed as an opener is arranged in the sub-air line, which is connected on the pilot side to the connection point of the delivery line or to the air space of the upper boiler area and is responsive when a predetermined control pressure is exceeded.
- the connection to the air space of the upper boiler area can be made via the overhead air line.
- a bypass line connected in parallel with the shut-off or directional valve in which a throttle element is arranged. Measured air passes from the compressor to the delivery line via the throttle element.
- the measuring air is preferred branched off on the delivery line side of the throttle element for pilot control of the opener, so that it is ensured that the break contact is only turned on when material from the mixing vessel is pressed into the delivery line and the pressure required for the discharge is built up in the lower air line (injection line).
- the break contact is advantageously controlled when a control pressure of 1.5 to 2.5 bar is exceeded and is blocked when the pressure falls below 1.4 to 0.5 bar.
- a preferred or alternative embodiment of the invention provides that a shut-off or directional valve designed as a closer is arranged in the upper air line connected on the pilot side to the lower air line or the air space of the upper boiler area, which responds at a predetermined control pressure.
- a bypass line connected in parallel to the shut-off or directional valve is also expediently provided in the upper air line, in which a throttle element is arranged.
- the main task of the throttle element here is to keep the boiler-side part of the overhead air line free of impurities or to blow it free.
- the pressure tap for controlling the upper air valve is conveniently located on the compressor side of the throttle element and therefore communicates directly with the lower air line.
- the lowest response pressure of the closer in the upper air line is therefore chosen to be higher than the highest response pressure of the opener in the lower air line. It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the closer is blocked when a control pressure of 4 to 5 bar is exceeded and is controlled again when the pressure falls below 3.9 to 3 bar.
- the mixing and conveying devices shown in the drawing in the form of circuit diagrams essentially consist of a mixing vessel 1 which can be pressurized with compressed air via a compressor 8, 11 and which has an agitator driven by a shaft 2.
- the compressor 8 and the agitator 2 are driven by a common motor 7, which can be designed as a diesel motor or as an electric motor.
- the agitator shaft 2 is driven via the output shaft 21 of the motor 7, a V-belt drive 22, a cardan shaft 23 and a reduction gear 6.
- the compressor 8 receives its air through a suction line 18, in which a shut-off valve 19 and an air filter 29 are arranged.
- Oil is injected on the suction side into the compressor 8, which is designed as a screw compressor, and enters the housing of the compressor 8 via an oil circuit, not shown in the drawing, from the oil separator 11 or from an oil cooler connected downstream thereof.
- the oil-air mixture passes through a check valve 10 arranged in line 9 into oil separator 11, from whose filter cartridge 12 largely oil-free compressed air flows into pressure line 13.
- An under-air line 14 branches off from the pressure line 13 and opens into the delivery line 24 communicating with the mixing vessel 1 near the bottom.
- An upper air line 15 branches off from the pressure line 13 and opens into the air space of the mixing vessel 1 in the upper region at point 25.
- a directional valve 26 designed as a minimum pressure valve 26 in the lower air line 14, the control input of which communicates with the air space of the mixing boiler 1 via the upper air line and which controls when a predetermined minimum pressure in the mixing tank is reached.
- a throttle 16 is also arranged in the upper air line and is adjusted by hand for the purpose of correct air distribution when the device is adjusted and remains in this position.
- the check valves 27 ', 27'' ensure that no air and thus no impurities 13 can get into the pressure lines 14, 15 from the mixing vessel 1.
- a spring-centered directional control valve 26 which is designed as an opener, is arranged in the lower air line and can be acted upon on the pilot side by the pressure prevailing at the connection point of the delivery line 24 and that the compressed air supply to the delivery line 24 when a predetermined pressure is exceeded at the connection point switches on and blocks when the pressure falls below a specified value.
- a bypass line 29 with a measuring throttle 28 ' is connected in parallel to the directional control valve 26.
- a spring-centered directional valve 30 designed as a closer, the pilot control input of which is connected via the lower air line 14 to the injection point of the delivery line 24 and to which a bypass line with throttle element 28 ′′ is connected in parallel.
- the lid 4 and the vent valve 5 are closed and then the shut-off valve 19 is preferably opened by hand.
- the pressure then increases slowly as a result of the pre-compression in the dead space and in the oil separator 11, which has the advantage that the agitator 2 is not overstressed or blocked by a sudden compression of the mixed material and an associated stiffening of the consistency.
- the opener 26 in the lower air line 14 is initially closed, so that the pressure build-up in the mixing vessel 1 takes place only via the upper air line 15 and the open closer 30.
- the compressor is switched off manually or automatically by closing the shut-off valve 19. Due to the decreasing pressure of the boiler, the opener 26 then returns to its closed position. As soon as the boiler pressure falls below a value of 1 bar, the vent valve 5 is opened either manually or automatically, so that the remaining air can quickly escape and the lid 4 can be opened for a new charge.
- the invention relates to a compressed air conveying device for thick materials, such as mortar or concrete.
- the compressed air conveyor comprises a mixing kettle 1 having a motor-driven mixing unit 2, a delivery line 24 connected to the mixing kettle 1 near the ground, and in each case an under air line 14 and an upper air line 15 which can be pressurized with compressed air via a compressor 8, 11, 12. while the sub-air line 14 opens into the delivery line 24 at an injection point.
- the injection air supplied via the under-air line 14 is only switched on at a predetermined minimum resistance in the delivery line while the compressed air supply in the boiler 1 is blocked when a preset maximum resistance in the delivery line 24 is reached.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
- Air Transport Of Granular Materials (AREA)
- Accessories For Mixers (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Gerät zum Mischen und Fördern von Mörtel, Beton und ähnlichen Dickstoffen mit einem Mischkessel, einer in Bodennähe an dem Mischkessel angeschlossenen Förderleitung und je einer über einen Kompressor mit Druckluft beaufschlagbaren Oberluftleitung und Unterluftleitung, wobei die Oberluftleitung in den Luftraum des oberen Kesselbereichs und die Unterluftleitung an einer kesselnahen Anschlußstelle in die Förderleitung mündet. Weiter betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Fördern von Dickstoffen aus dem Mischkessel in die Förderleitung.The invention relates to a device for mixing and conveying mortar, concrete and similar thick matter with a mixing vessel, a delivery line connected to the mixing vessel near the ground and an upper air line and lower air line which can be pressurized with compressed air via a compressor, the upper air line leading into the air space of the upper boiler area and the under-air line opens into the delivery line at a connection point near the boiler. The invention further relates to a method for conveying thick matter from the mixing vessel into the delivery line.
Bei einem bekannten Misch- und Fördergerät dieser Art (DE-PS 30 13 373) ist in der Oberluftleitung und in der Unterluftleitung, die gemeinsam von der Druckleitung des Kompressors abgezweigt sind, jeweils eine als Hahn ausgebildete Drossel angeordnet, die zum Zwecke der richtigen Verteilung der Druckluft von Hand eingestellt werden können. Das Ein- und Ausschalten des als Schraubenkompressors ausgebildeten Kompressors erfolgt über ein in der Saugleitung angeordnetes Absperrventil. Da das Gerät häufig von ungeschultem Personal bedient wird, werden beim Anfahren der Anlage die in der Oberluftleitung und in der Unterluftleitung angeordneten Drosseln einmal in eine vorgegebene Stellung gebracht und in dieser belassen. Zu Beginn eines Förderprozesses wird der mit dem Misch- und Fördergut gefüllte Mischkessel druckdicht geschlossen und der Kompressor durch Öffnen des Absperrventils in der Saugleitung eingeschaltet. Dabei wird gleichzeitig die Motordrehzahl erhöht. In dieser Stellung baut sich im Kessel vor allem über die obere Luftleitung allmählich der Förderdruck von etwa 4 bis 5 bar auf. Dieser Druckaufbau wird jedoch dadurch verzögert, daß die über die Unterluftleitung zugeführte Druckluft anfangs ohne Förderung von Mischgut über die Förderleitung entweichen kann, bis über den KesseldruckMaterial in die Förderleitung gedrückt und die über die UnterLuftleitung zugeführte Injektionsluft zur Pfropfenförderung genutzt wird. Eine Folge davon ist eine nicht unerhebliche Verlängerung des Förderprozesses und damit ein erhöhter Kesselverschleiß und Kraftstoffverbrauch. Je nach Konsistenz der zu fördernden Dickstoffe kann es während der Förderphase zu Stopfern in der Förderleitung kommen, zu deren Entfernung bisher der Fördervorgang unterbrochen werden mußte, um die Förderleitung freizuklopfen, oder im machen Fällen sogar die Förderleitung zum Zwecke der Reinigung abgekoppelt werden mußte. Wenn eine Kesselfüllung abgefördert und die Förderung damit beendet ist, wird die Druckluftzufuhr wieder abgeschaltet. Sobald ein Kesseldruck von 1 bar unterschritten ist, kann der Kessel durch Öffnen eines Entlüftungshahns entlastet und zum erneuten Befüllen geöffnet werden. Das über den Kompressormotor angetriebene Rührwerk läuft bei abgeschalteter Druckluftzufuhr weiter und sorgt während der Mischphase für eine schnelle Durchmischung des Misch- und Förderguts.In a known mixing and conveying device of this type (DE-PS 30 13 373) in the upper air line and in the lower air line, which are jointly branched off from the pressure line of the compressor, a throttle designed as a valve is arranged for the purpose of correct distribution the compressed air can be adjusted by hand. The compressor, which is designed as a screw compressor, is switched on and off via a shut-off valve arranged in the suction line. Since the device is often operated by untrained personnel, the throttles arranged in the upper air line and in the lower air line are once placed in a predetermined position and left in this position when the system is started up. At the beginning of a conveying process, the mixing tank filled with the material to be mixed and conveyed is closed pressure-tight and the compressor is opened by opening of the shut-off valve in the suction line switched on. The engine speed is increased at the same time. In this position, the delivery pressure of about 4 to 5 bar gradually builds up in the boiler, especially via the upper air line. However, this pressure build-up is delayed by the fact that the compressed air supplied via the sub-air line can initially escape via the delivery line without conveying mixed material until it is pressed into the delivery line via the boiler pressure material and the injection air supplied via the sub-air line is used to convey the plugs. One consequence of this is a not inconsiderable lengthening of the conveying process and thus increased boiler wear and fuel consumption. Depending on the consistency of the thick matter to be conveyed, there may be blockages in the delivery line during the delivery phase, the removal of which previously had to be interrupted in order to knock the delivery line free, or in some cases even the delivery line had to be disconnected for cleaning purposes. The compressed air supply is switched off again when a boiler filling is discharged and the conveyance is ended. As soon as the boiler pressure falls below 1 bar, the boiler can be relieved by opening a vent valve and opened for refilling. The agitator, which is driven by the compressor motor, continues to run when the compressed air supply is switched off and ensures rapid mixing of the material to be mixed and conveyed during the mixing phase.
Bei einem weiteren bekannten Misch- und Fördergerät der eingangs angegebenen Art (DE-A-2 946 813) wird durch die Anordnung von zwei Ventilen in der Unterluftleitung bzw. Oberluftleitung es ermöglicht, Druckluft in dem Mischkessel so zu verteilen, daß eine Verstopfung der Förderleitung oder eine zu hohe Beanspruchung des Motors verhindert wird. Das bekannte Gerät bzw. das bekannte Verfahren setzen jedoch geschultes Personal voraus, das die Ventile bedienen kann.In a further known mixing and conveying device of the type specified at the outset (DE-A-2 946 813), the arrangement of two valves in the lower air line or upper air line makes it possible to distribute compressed air in the mixing vessel in such a way that the delivery line becomes blocked or excessive stress on the engine is prevented. The known However, the device or the known method require trained personnel who can operate the valves.
Ausgehend hiervon liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein vereinfachtes Gerät sowie ein Verfahren zum Fördern von Dickstoffen zu entwickeln, das durch Selbstregulierung kein geschultes Personal benötigt.Proceeding from this, the object of the invention is to develop a simplified device and a method for conveying thick matter which does not require trained personnel through self-regulation.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe werden die in den Patentansprüchen 1, 6, 10 und 12 angegebenen Merkmalskombinationen vorgeschlagen. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen.To achieve this object, the combinations of features specified in
Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung geht von dem Gedanken aus, die Druckluftzufuhr zur Unterluftleitung und zur Oberluftleitung so zu steuern, daß der Druckaufbau und der Materialtransport in der Förderleitung während der gesamten Förderphase optimiert wird.The solution according to the invention is based on the idea of controlling the compressed air supply to the lower air line and to the upper air line in such a way that the pressure build-up and the material transport in the delivery line are optimized during the entire delivery phase.
Um dies zu ermöglichen, wird gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, daß in der Unterluftleitung ein vorsteuerseitig mit der Anschlußstelle der Förderleitung oder dem Luftraum des oberen Kesselbereichs verbundenes, bei Uberschreiten eines vorgegebenen Steuerdrucks ansprechendes, als Öffner ausgebildetes Absperr- oder Wegeventil angeordnet ist. Die Verbindung zum Luftraum des oberen Kesselbereichs kann dabei über die Oberluftleitung erfolgen.In order to make this possible, it is proposed according to a first embodiment variant of the invention that a shut-off or directional valve designed as an opener is arranged in the sub-air line, which is connected on the pilot side to the connection point of the delivery line or to the air space of the upper boiler area and is responsive when a predetermined control pressure is exceeded. The connection to the air space of the upper boiler area can be made via the overhead air line.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist eine zum Absperr- oder Wegeventil parallelgeschaltete Umgehungsleitung vorgesehen, in der ein Drosselelement angeordnet ist. Über das Drosselelement gelangt Meßluft vom Kompressor zur Förderleitung. Die Meßluft wird bevorzugt auf der Förderleitungsseite des Drosselelements zur Vorsteuerung des Öffners abgezweigt, so daß sichergestellt ist, daß der Öffner erst dann durchgesteuert wird, wenn Material aus dem Mischkessel in die Förderleitung eingedrückt und der für die Abförderung erforderliche Druck in der Unterluftleitung (Injektionsleitung) aufgebaut ist. Vorteilhafterweise wird der Öffner bei Überschreiten eines Steuerdruckes von 1,5 bis 2,5 bar durchgesteuert und bei Unterschreiten eines Druckes von 1,4 bis 0,5 bar gesperrt.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a bypass line connected in parallel with the shut-off or directional valve is provided, in which a throttle element is arranged. Measured air passes from the compressor to the delivery line via the throttle element. The measuring air is preferred branched off on the delivery line side of the throttle element for pilot control of the opener, so that it is ensured that the break contact is only turned on when material from the mixing vessel is pressed into the delivery line and the pressure required for the discharge is built up in the lower air line (injection line). The break contact is advantageously controlled when a control pressure of 1.5 to 2.5 bar is exceeded and is blocked when the pressure falls below 1.4 to 0.5 bar.
Eine bevorzugte oder alternative Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß in der Oberluftleitung ein vorsteuerseitig mit der Unterluftleitung oder dem Luftraum des oberen Kesselbereichs verbundenes, bei einem vorgegebenen Steuerdruck ansprechendes, als Schließer ausgebildetes Absperr- oder Wegeventil angeordnet ist. Mit dieser Maßnahme wird beim Auftreten von Stopfern in der Förderleitung erreicht, daß der Kesseldruck über die Oberluftleitung abgesenkt und der Förderdruck über die Unterluftleitung angehoben und dadurch die Materialzufuhr aus dem Kessel reduziert und der Stopfer über die Unterluftleitung beseitigt werden kann.A preferred or alternative embodiment of the invention provides that a shut-off or directional valve designed as a closer is arranged in the upper air line connected on the pilot side to the lower air line or the air space of the upper boiler area, which responds at a predetermined control pressure. With this measure, when blockages occur in the delivery line, the boiler pressure is reduced via the upper air line and the delivery pressure is increased via the lower air line, thereby reducing the material supply from the boiler and the blocker can be eliminated via the lower air line.
Zweckmäßig ist auch in der Oberluftleitung eine zum Absperr- oder Wegeventil parallel geschaltete Umgehungsleitung vorgesehen, in der ein Drosselelement angeordnet ist. Das Drosselelement hat hier vor allem die Aufgabe, den kesselseitigen Teil der Oberluftleitung von Verunreinigungen freizuhalten bzw. freizublasen. Der Druckabgriff für die Ansteuerung des Oberluftventils befindet sich zweckmäßig auf der Kompressorseite des Drosselelements und kommuniziert daher direkt mit der Unterluftleitung. Vorteilhafterweise wird daher der niedrigste Ansprechdruck des Schließers in der Oberluftleitung höher als der höchste Ansprechdruck des Öffners in der Unterluftleitung gewählt. Als besonders vorteilhaft hat es sich erwiesen, wenn der Schließer bei Überschreiten eines Steuerdrucks von 4 bis 5 bar gesperrt und bei Unterschreiten von 3,9 bis 3 bar wieder durchgesteuert wird.A bypass line connected in parallel to the shut-off or directional valve is also expediently provided in the upper air line, in which a throttle element is arranged. The main task of the throttle element here is to keep the boiler-side part of the overhead air line free of impurities or to blow it free. The pressure tap for controlling the upper air valve is conveniently located on the compressor side of the throttle element and therefore communicates directly with the lower air line. Advantageously, the lowest response pressure of the closer in the upper air line is therefore chosen to be higher than the highest response pressure of the opener in the lower air line. It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the closer is blocked when a control pressure of 4 to 5 bar is exceeded and is controlled again when the pressure falls below 3.9 to 3 bar.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen
- Fig. 1
- einen Schaltplan eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels eines Druckluft-Misch- und Fördergeräts;
- Fig 2
- einen Schaltplan eines zweiten, bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels eines Druckluft-Misch- und Fördergeräts.
- Fig. 1
- a circuit diagram of a first embodiment of a compressed air mixing and conveying device;
- Fig. 2
- a circuit diagram of a second, preferred embodiment of a compressed air mixing and conveying device.
Die in der Zeichnung in der Form von Schaltplänen dargestellten Misch- und Fördergeräte bestehen im wesentlichen aus einem über einen Kompressor 8, 11 mit Druckluft beaufschlagbaren Mischkessel 1, der ein über eine Welle 2 angetriebes Rührwerk aufweist. Der Antrieb des Kompressors 8 und des Rührwerks 2 erfolgt durch einen gemeinsamen Motor 7, der als Dieselmotor oder als Elektromotor ausgebildet sein kann. Der Antrieb der Rührwerkwelle 2 erfolgt über die Abtriebswelle 21 des Motor 7, einen Keilriementrieb 22, eine Kardanwelle 23 und ein Untersetzungsgetriebe 6.The mixing and conveying devices shown in the drawing in the form of circuit diagrams essentially consist of a
Der Kompressor 8 erhält seine Luft durch eine Saugleitung 18, in der ein Absperrventil 19 und ein Luftfilter 29 angeordnet sind. In den als Schraubenverdichter ausgebildeten Kompressor 8 wird saugseitig Öl eingespritzt, das über einen in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellten Ölkreislauf von dem Ölabscheider 11 bzw. von einem diesem nachgeschalteten Ölkühler in das Gehäuse des Kompressors 8 eintritt. Das Öl-Luft-Gemisch gelangt über ein in der Leitung 9 angeordnetes Rückschlagventil 10 in den Ölabscheider 11, aus dessen Filterpatrone 12 weitgehend ölfreie Druckluft in die Druckleitung 13 strömt. Von der Druckleitung 13 zweigt eine Unterluftleitung 14 ab, die in Bodennähe in die mit dem Mischkessel 1 kommunizierende Förderleitung 24 mündet. Von der Druckleitung 13 zweigt weiter eine Oberluftleitung 15 ab, die im oberen Bereich an der Stelle 25 in den Luftraum des Mischkessels 1 mündet.The
Bei dem in Fig. 1 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel befindet sich in der Unterluftleitung 14 ein als Mindestdruckventil 26 ausgebildetes Wegeventil 26, dessen Steuereingang über die Oberluftleitung mit dem Luftraum des Mischkessels 1 kommuniziert und das bei Erreichen eines vorgegebenen Mindestdrucks im Mischkessel durchsteuert. In der Oberluftleitung ist außerdem eine Drossel 16 angeordnet, die zum Zweck der richtigen Luftverteilung bei der Einjustierung des Geräts von Hand eingestellt wird und in dieser Stellung verbleibt. Die Rückschlagventile 27', 27'' sorgen dafür, daß aus dem Mischkessel 1 keine Luft und damit keine Verunreinigungen 13 in die Druckleitungen 14,15 gelangen können.In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, there is a
Bei dem in Fig. 2 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ist in der Unterluftleitung ein als Öffner ausgebildetes federzentriertes Wegeventil 26 angeordnet, das vorsteuerseitig mit dem an der Anschlußstelle der Förderleitung 24 herrschenden Druck beaufschlagbar ist und daß die Druckluftzufuhr zur Förderleitung 24 bei Überschreiten eines vorgegebenen Drucks an der Anschlußstelle einschaltet und bei Unterschreiten eines vorgegebenen Drucks sperrt. Zum Wegeventil 26 ist eine Umgehungsleitung 29 mit einer Meßdrossel 28' parallel geschaltet. In der Oberluftleitung befindet sich ein als Schließer ausgebildetes federzentriertes Wegeventil 30, dessen Vorsteuereingang über die Unterluftleitung 14 mit der Injektionsstelle der Förderleitung 24 verbunden ist und zu dem eine Umgehungsleitung mit Drosselelement 28'' parallel geschaltet ist.In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2, a spring-centered
Bei Beginn der Förderung des Misch- und Förderguts aus dem Mischkessel 1 werden der Deckel 4 und der Entlüftungshahn 5 geschlossen und sodann das Absperrventil 19 vorzugsweise von Hand geöffnet. Der Druck steigt hierauf infolge der Vorkompression im Totraum und im Ölabscheider 11 zunächst langsam an, was den Vorteil hat, daß das Rührwerk 2 nicht durch eine plötzliche Kompression des Mischguts und eine damit verbundene Ansteifung der Konsistenz überbeansprucht oder blockiert wird. In diesem Zustand ist der Öffner 26 in der Unterluftleitung 14 zunächst geschlossen, so daß der Druckaufbau im Mischkessel 1 nur über die Oberluftleitung 15 und den offenen Schließer 30 erfolgt. Sobald in der Förderleitung 24 ein Mindestdruck von etwa 1,5 bis 2 bar erreicht ist, gelangt er Öffner 26 selbsttätig in seine Öffnungsstellung, so daß nun am Eingang der Förderleitung genügend Druck zum Abfördern des Mischguts zur Verfügung steht. Durch das auch beim Fördervorgang mitbewegte Rührwerk 2 wird die Materialzufuhr zur Förderleitung 24 periodisch unterbrochen, so daß das Mischgut gepulst durch die Förderleitung 24 transportiert wird. Sofern im Zuge des Fördervorgangs der am Vorsteuerventil des Schließers 30 anstehende Druck einen Wert von 4,5 bis 5 bar überschreitet, wird der Schließer 30 gesperrt und damit die Zufuhr von neuem Fördergut aus dem Mischkessel 1 in die Förderleitung 24 reduziert. In diesem Zustand gelangt die vom Kompressor kommende Druckluft zum überwiegenden Teil (über 90 %) über die Unterluftleitung 14 zur Förderleitung 24, so daß ein Verstopfen der Förderleitung weitgehend vermieden wird (Fig. 2).At the beginning of the conveyance of the mixed and conveyed material from the
Wenn eine Kesselfüllung abgefördert und die Förderung damit beendet ist, wird der Kompressor durch Schließen des Absperrventils 19 von Hand oder selbsttätig abgeschaltet. Durch den abnehmenden Druck des Kessels gelangt dann der Öffner 26 wieder in seine Schließstellung. Sobald der Kesseldruck einen Wert von 1 bar unterschreitet, wird der Entlüftungshahn 5 entweder von Hand oder selbsttätig geöffnet, so daß die noch vorhandene Restluft rasch entweichen und der Deckel 4 für eine erneute Beschickung geöffnet werden kann.When a boiler filling has been removed and the delivery has ended, the compressor is switched off manually or automatically by closing the shut-off
Zusammenfassend ist folgendes festzustellen: Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Druckluftfördergerät für Dickstoffe, wie Mörtel oder Beton. Das Druckluftfördergerät umfaßt einen ein motorisch angetriebenes Mischaggregat 2 aufweisenden Mischkessel 1, eine in Bodennähe an den Mischkessel 1 angeschlossene Förderleitung 24 und je eine über einen Kompressor 8, 11, 12 mit Druckluft beaufschlagbare Unterluftleitung 14 und Oberluftleitung 15. Die Oberluftleitung 15 mündet in den oberen Kesselbereich, während die Unterluftleitung 14 an einer Injektionsstelle in die Förderleitung 24 mündet. Um die Handhabung des Geräts zu vereinfachen, Fehlbedienungen und Stopfer in der Förderleitung 24 zu vermeiden und die effektive Förderzeit zu verkürzen, wird gemäß der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, daß die über die Unterluftleitung 14 zugeführte Injektionsluft erst bei einem vorgegebenen Mindestwiderstand in der Förderleitung zugeschaltet wird, während die Druckluftzufuhr in den Kessel 1 bei Erreichen eines voreingestellten Höchstwiderstands in der Förderleitung 24 gesperrt wird.In summary, the following can be stated: The invention relates to a compressed air conveying device for thick materials, such as mortar or concrete. The compressed air conveyor comprises a mixing
Claims (14)
- A device for mixing and conveying mortar, concrete, and similar thick materials, comprising a mixing tank (1), a conveying duct (24) connected to the mixing tank (1) near the bottom, and an upper air duct (15) and lower air duct (14) which are subjectable to compressed air by way of a compressor (8,11), wherein the upper air duct opens into the air space of the upper tank region and the lower air duct opens into the conveying duct (24) at a connection near the tank, characterized in that a cut-off or directional valve (26) designed as an opener and connected to the connection of the conveying duct (24) at the pilot side or to the air space of the upper tank region and reacting when surpassing a predetermined control pressure is disposed in the lower air duct (14).
- The device of claim 1, characterized in that the opener (26) is connected to the upper air duct (15) at the pilot side.
- The device of claim 1, characterized by a bypass duct (29), disposed in which is a choke member (28'), switched in parallel to the cut-off or directional valve (26).
- The device of one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the opener opens when falling below a control pressure of 1.5 to 2.5 bar and cuts off when falling below a control pressure of 1.4 to 0.5 bar.
- The device of one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a cut-off or directional valve (30) designed as a closer, connected to the lower air duct (14) at the pilot side or to the air space of the upper tank region (1) and reacting to a predetermined control pressure is disposed in the upper air duct (15).
- A device for mixing and conveying mortar, concrete, and similar thick materials, comprising a mixing tank (1), a conveying duct (24) connected to the mixing tank (1) near the bottom, and an upper air duct (15) and lower air duct (14) which are subjectable to compressed air by way of a compressor (8,11), wherein the upper air duct opens into the air space of the upper tank region and the lower air duct opens into the conveying duct (24) at a connection near the tank, characterized in that a cut-off or directional valve (30) designed as a closer, connected to the lower air duct (14) at the pilot side or to the air space of the upper tank region (1) and reacting to a predetermined control pressure is disposed in the upper air duct (15).
- The device of claim 5 or 6, characterized by a bypass duct, disposed in which is a choke member (28''), switched in parallel to the cut-off or directional valve (30).
- The device of one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the highest reaction pressure of the opener (26) in the lower air duct (14) is lower than the lowest reaction pressure of the closer (30) in the upper air duct (15).
- The device of one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the closer (30) cuts off when surpassing a control pressure of 4 to 5 bar and reopens when falling below a control pressure of 3.9 to 3 bar.
- A method for conveying thick materials, such as mortar or concrete, from a mixing tank (1) into a conveying duct (24) connected to the lower region of the mixing tank, in which an upper air space of the mixing tank (1) and an injection site of the conveying duct (24) are subjected to compressed air from a common compressor (8,11), characterized in that the compressed air supply to the conveying duct is switched on automatically when surpassing a predetermined pressure at the injection site of the conveying duct (24) or in the upper air space of the mixing tank (1), and is cut off when falling below a predetermined pressure.
- The method of claim 10, characterized in that the compressed air supply to the upper air space of the mixing tank (1) is automatically cut off when surpassing a predetermined pressure at the injection site of the conveying duct (24) or in the upper air space of the mixing tank (1) and is switched on when falling below a predetermined pressure.
- A method for conveying thick materials, such as mortar or concrete, from a mixing tank (1) into a conveying duct (24) connected to the lower region of the mixing tank, in which an upper air space of the mixing tank (1) and an injection site of the conveying duct (24) are subjected to compressed air from a common compressor (8,11), characterized in that the compressed air supply to the upper air space of the mixing tank (1) is automatically cut off when surpassing a predetermined pressure at the injection site of the conveying duct (24) or in the upper air space of the mixing tank (1) and is switched on when falling below a predetermined pressure.
- The method of claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the compressed air supply to the conveying duct (24) is switched on when surpassing a pressure of 1.5 to 2.5 bar at the injection site of the conveying duct (24), and is cut off when falling below a pressure of 1.4 to 0.5 bar.
- The method of one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the compressed air supply to the upper air space of the mixing tank (1) is cut off when surpassing a pressure of 4 to 5 bar at the injection site of the conveying duct (24), and is switched on again when falling below 3.9 to 3 bar.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4233160 | 1992-10-02 | ||
DE4233160 | 1992-10-02 | ||
DE4301474A DE4301474A1 (en) | 1992-10-02 | 1993-01-21 | Mixing and conveying device |
DE4301474 | 1993-01-21 | ||
PCT/EP1993/002593 WO1994007667A1 (en) | 1992-10-02 | 1993-09-24 | Mixer-conveyor |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0662875A1 EP0662875A1 (en) | 1995-07-19 |
EP0662875B1 true EP0662875B1 (en) | 1997-12-10 |
Family
ID=25919119
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93921847A Expired - Lifetime EP0662875B1 (en) | 1992-10-02 | 1993-09-24 | Mixer-conveyor |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0662875B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE160967T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU5122293A (en) |
CZ (1) | CZ287601B6 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2111182T3 (en) |
PL (1) | PL172465B1 (en) |
SK (1) | SK279890B6 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1994007667A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103878881A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2014-06-25 | 盘锦兴海宏大发光科技有限公司 | Double-foaming foam concrete device |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110201580A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-09-06 | 佛山市南海东方澳龙制药有限公司 | The mixed preparing device and method of paste |
CN111941638B (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2021-09-07 | 广东洁冠科技有限公司 | Method for making bricks by smelting wastes |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB831658A (en) * | 1956-01-12 | 1960-03-30 | Max Marion True | Mobile mixers of the type carrying spray or other delivery means for concrete or the like |
DE2946813C2 (en) * | 1979-11-20 | 1982-07-08 | Karl Dipl.-Ing. 7000 Stuttgart Schlecht | Mixing and conveying device |
DE3013373C2 (en) * | 1980-04-05 | 1986-09-11 | Karl Dipl.-Ing. 7000 Stuttgart Schlecht | Mixing and conveying device |
DE3836930A1 (en) * | 1988-10-29 | 1990-05-03 | Putzmeister Maschf | MIXED AND COMPRESSED AIR CONVEYOR |
-
1993
- 1993-09-24 PL PL93308210A patent/PL172465B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-09-24 SK SK426-95A patent/SK279890B6/en unknown
- 1993-09-24 CZ CZ1995724A patent/CZ287601B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-09-24 AT AT93921847T patent/ATE160967T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-09-24 ES ES93921847T patent/ES2111182T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-09-24 EP EP93921847A patent/EP0662875B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-09-24 WO PCT/EP1993/002593 patent/WO1994007667A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1993-09-24 AU AU51222/93A patent/AU5122293A/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103878881A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2014-06-25 | 盘锦兴海宏大发光科技有限公司 | Double-foaming foam concrete device |
CN103878881B (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2016-04-13 | 盘锦兴海宏大发光科技有限公司 | Two frothing foam concrete equipment |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2111182T3 (en) | 1998-03-01 |
SK279890B6 (en) | 1999-05-07 |
SK42695A3 (en) | 1995-08-09 |
ATE160967T1 (en) | 1997-12-15 |
CZ287601B6 (en) | 2001-01-17 |
PL172465B1 (en) | 1997-09-30 |
EP0662875A1 (en) | 1995-07-19 |
AU5122293A (en) | 1994-04-26 |
PL308210A1 (en) | 1995-07-24 |
CZ72495A3 (en) | 1995-09-13 |
WO1994007667A1 (en) | 1994-04-14 |
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