EP0656474B1 - Kraftstoff-Einspritzdüse für Brennkraftmaschinen - Google Patents
Kraftstoff-Einspritzdüse für Brennkraftmaschinen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0656474B1 EP0656474B1 EP94117580A EP94117580A EP0656474B1 EP 0656474 B1 EP0656474 B1 EP 0656474B1 EP 94117580 A EP94117580 A EP 94117580A EP 94117580 A EP94117580 A EP 94117580A EP 0656474 B1 EP0656474 B1 EP 0656474B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- spray
- spray hole
- injection nozzle
- ducts
- fuel injection
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 22
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
- F02M61/182—Discharge orifices being situated in different transversal planes with respect to valve member direction of movement
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
- F02M61/042—The valves being provided with fuel passages
- F02M61/045—The valves being provided with fuel discharge orifices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
- F02M61/08—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series the valves opening in direction of fuel flow
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fuel injector for internal combustion engines according to the genus of claim 1.
- a fuel injector for internal combustion engines according to the genus of claim 1.
- this is the mouth of the spray holes in the valve head Opening stroke depending on the supply pressure of the fuel from controlled a control edge on the nozzle body, so that the spray cross section that of the load and the speed of the internal combustion engine associated operating point is adjusted.
- the control edge constricts the spray jet the required spray cross-section on the nozzle body.
- this control edge also influences the outflow direction of the Spray jet, the more from the by the axial direction of the Spray hole deflected predetermined direction away from the control edge the more the mouth cross-section of the spray hole from the Control edge is covered.
- Such a deflection of the spray jet or the spray jets from the ideal for the combustion chamber The direction of the spray affects the preparation of the fuel and thus an optimal combustion, so that stricter exhaust and noise limits cannot be met.
- the fuel injector according to the invention with the characteristic Features of claim 1 has the advantage that the generated Spray jet is the direction of flow specified by the axis of the spray hole maintains, so that a good combustion even at partial load and low engine speeds is achieved.
- the generated Spray jet is the direction of flow specified by the axis of the spray hole maintains, so that a good combustion even at partial load and low engine speeds is achieved.
- baffle is advantageous if two or more parallel channels offset in the immediate vicinity in the stroke direction can be arranged one above the other by material removal by the remaining partitions are separated.
- the Channels do not have to be exactly one above the other in the stroke direction of the valve member be arranged, they can also be slightly offset to each other, so that the next channel is already opened as long as the previously released is not yet is fully controlled.
- FIG. 1 shows a fuel injector in longitudinal section and Figure 2 to 4 Detail A in the valve and injection part of the injection nozzle according to FIG. 1 in greatly enlarged scale on average, namely Figure 2 at a conventional training, Figure 3 with a theoretically ideal training and Figure 4 according to the invention.
- the fuel injection nozzle has a nozzle body 10, which means a union nut 11 is clamped to a nozzle holder 12.
- a valve needle 15 is slidably mounted on combustion chamber end carries a closing head 16.
- On the combustion chamber side End of the closing head 16 is a ring 19 with a frustoconical valve cone 17 firmly attached to the hollow cone-shaped valve seat 18 cooperates on the nozzle body 10.
- a piston slide 20 formed in a guide section close to the valve seat 18 23 a cylinder bore 22 is guided in the nozzle body 10, the one Pressure chamber 21 forms.
- a plurality of spray holes 25 are preferably arranged in the piston slide 20, only one of which is shown, the mouth of which is in the mantle of the spool 20 is and only a little or even has no distance from the valve cone 17, so that its spray cross section during the opening stroke of the closing head 16 continuously from one Control edge 24 forming the inner edge of the valve seat 18 released becomes.
- the longitudinal axis of the spray hole 25 runs almost in one right angle a with respect to the axis of displacement of the valve needle 15 and the longitudinal axis of the nozzle body 10. This angle a is the shape adapted to the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
- the length of the Spray hole 25 is in the range of 2 to 5 times its width.
- the spray hole 25 is filled with fuel from the pressure chamber 21 an inlet channel 27 in the piston slide 20 is supplied.
- This inlet channel 27 is preferably designed and runs as a blind hole 27 approximately parallel to the axis of the piston slide 20.
- Its inlet 28 is located in the end face of the pressure chamber 21 Closing head 16 or the spool 20 next to the one in the middle Shaft 14 of the valve needle 15.
- the closing head 16 of the embodiment described above Fuel injector only with a single spray hole 25 and a single inlet channel 27 shown. For practice, however usually fuel injectors with multiple spray holes required on the circumference of the closing head 16 are evenly or irregularly distributed and also the same or can have different spray angles.
- the valve needle 15 is slidably mounted in a guide bore 35 in the nozzle body 10, to which a collection chamber 36 and an annular gap 37 connecting it to the pressure chamber 21 connect downstream.
- a closing spring 40 which is arranged in a spring chamber 39 in the nozzle holder 12.
- the closing spring 40 is supported on the nozzle body 10 via a spacer bush 41 and a slotted stop disk 42 and presses against a support ring 44 fastened at the end of the valve needle 15 via a compensating disk 43.
- the shaft 14 is the valve needle 15 at the level of the stop disk 42, forming a stop collar 45, which has the distance h g from the stop disk 42 in the closed position of the valve needle 15.
- An inlet channel 47 in the nozzle holder 12 and in the nozzle body 10 leads to the collecting chamber 36 in the nozzle body 10. Furthermore, a leakage oil channel 48 extends from the spring chamber 39.
- a spray jet with a spray hole 25 for example rectangular cross section incorporated in the spool 20, wherein the longitudinal axis of the spray hole 25 with respect to the center or stroke axis of the spool 20 at an angle a adapted to the combustion chamber is inclined. Its mouth is in the closed position from the wall of the Nozzle body 10 covered and is opened by axial displacement the valve needle 15 and thus the spool 20 of the Control edge 24 on the inner edge of the valve seat 18 of the nozzle body open depending on the stroke of the spool 20.
- the spray hole 25, as shown in Figure 2 if the wall of the nozzle body 10 is used to inject a subset the mouth cross section of the spray opening 25 up to the control edge 24 is partially covered, the outgoing spray jet, as with the Flow lines c can be seen from the axis of the spray hole of the control edge 24 deflected away, so that the outflow angle b is smaller than the axis angle a of the spray hole, which is also for optimal Combustion is the ideal spray angle of the spray jet.
- the spray hole consists of two channels 52, 53 which arranged parallel one above the other in the stroke direction of the spool 20 and are separated from each other by a partition 55.
- the two channels 52, 53 are made as cylindrical holes whose Axes to the stroke axis of the spool 20 inclined by the angle a are.
- the channels 52, 53 have the smallest possible diameter or width and the partition 55 is as thin as possible.
- the vastness of the Channels 52, 53 is, for example, 0.100 to 0.200 mm, preferably 0.140 mm and the thickness of the partition 55 is approximately that Half the width of the channels 52, 53, preferably 0.070 mm.
- valve needle 14 with the closing head 16 and the piston slide 20 in the nozzle body 10 is axially displaced under the effect of the pressure of the supplied fuel.
- valve cone 17 lifts off the valve seat 18 and then, or at the same time, the spray cross section is released depending on the pressure of the fuel. This is done in that one or both mouth cross sections of the channels 52, 53 are moved partially or fully beyond the control edge 24.
- the piston slide 20 is displaced by approximately 40% of the total stroke h g , so that the lower channel 52 is opened almost completely by the control edge 24.
- the spray jet emerging from this channel is only slightly deflected by the control edge 24, so that the ideal spray direction is almost identical to the desired spray direction.
- the ideal spray direction is available.
- the partial beam emerging from the upper channel 53 is directed towards the partial beam f emerging from the lower channel, so that the two partial beams e and f combine with one another. If the mouth cross section of the upper channel 53 is only slightly open, the beam direction energy of the partial beam e emerging from the upper channel 53 is low compared to the lower partial beam f emerging in full cross section, so that there is hardly any deflection when merging into a single beam g.
- the beam direction energy of the beam e emerging there is greater, but the deflection is already lower again, so that the generated beam g is also deflected only slightly from the desired direction , the directional angle b '' of which deviates only slightly from the ideal angle.
- the jet direction of the combined spray jet g flowing out of the two channels 52, 53 comes closer and closer to the desired angle the more the mouth of the second channel 53 is released from the control edge 24.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Description
Claims (5)
- Kraftstoff-Einspritzdüse für Brennkraftmaschinen der nach außen öffnenden Bauart mit einem in einer Bohrung eines Düsenkörpers (10) vom Kraftstoffdruck entgegen der Wirkung einer Schließfeder (40) verschiebbaren Ventilglied (16,20) mit einem kolbenartigen Ventilkopf (16), in dem wenigstens ein in einem bestimmten Winkel zur Hubachse des Ventilglieds ausgerichtetes Spritzloch (25) angeordnet ist, dessen Mündungsquerschnitt in Schließstellung des Ventilglieds vom Düsenkörper abgedeckt und beim Öffnungshub fortlaufend von einer Steuerkante (24) am brennraumseitigen Ende des Ventilkörpers aufgesteuert wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Spritzloch (25) mit wenigstens einer dünnen Trennwand (55) in mehrere parallele Strömungskanäle (52, 53) unterteilt ist, deren Mündungen von der Steuerkante (24) beim Öffnungshub des Ventilglieds (16, 20) nacheinander freigegeben werden, wobei die freigegebenen Teilströmungen (e, f) sich zu einem Spritzstrahl (g) vereinigen, dessen Achse in oder nahe der Ausrichtung des Spritzlochs (25) liegt.
- Kraftstoff-Einspritzdüse nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Spritzloch (25) aus zwei oder mehr in der Hubachse des Ventilglieds übereinander angeordneten parallelen Kanälen (52, 53) gebildet ist, und daß die Dicke der Trennwand (55) die Hälfte der Weite eines Kanals beträgt.
- Kraftstoff-Einspritzdüse nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Weite der Kanäle (52, 53) 0,100 bis 0,200 mm und die Dicke der Trennwand (55) 0,050 bis 0,100 mm beträgt.
- Kraftstoff-Einspritzdüse nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kanäle (52, 53) gleiche Querschnitte haben.
- Kraftstoff-Einspritzdüse nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kanäle (52, 53) einen Kreisquerschnitt haben.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4340883 | 1993-12-01 | ||
DE4340883A DE4340883A1 (de) | 1993-12-01 | 1993-12-01 | Kraftstoff-Einspritzdüse für Brennkraftmaschinen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0656474A1 EP0656474A1 (de) | 1995-06-07 |
EP0656474B1 true EP0656474B1 (de) | 1999-02-17 |
Family
ID=6503874
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94117580A Expired - Lifetime EP0656474B1 (de) | 1993-12-01 | 1994-11-08 | Kraftstoff-Einspritzdüse für Brennkraftmaschinen |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5497947A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0656474B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH07189866A (de) |
DE (2) | DE4340883A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (31)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4440369A1 (de) * | 1994-11-11 | 1996-05-15 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen |
DE4442764A1 (de) * | 1994-12-01 | 1996-06-05 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen |
DE19602615A1 (de) * | 1996-01-25 | 1997-07-31 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen |
DE19618698A1 (de) * | 1996-05-09 | 1997-11-13 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen |
DE19620521A1 (de) * | 1996-05-22 | 1997-11-27 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen |
DE19623211A1 (de) * | 1996-06-11 | 1997-12-18 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen |
DE19623759A1 (de) * | 1996-06-14 | 1997-12-18 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen |
DE19625059A1 (de) * | 1996-06-22 | 1998-01-02 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Einspritzventil, insbesondere zum direkten Einspritzen von Kraftstoff in einen Brennraum eines Verbrennungsmotors |
DE19645900A1 (de) * | 1996-11-07 | 1998-05-14 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen |
DE19714186A1 (de) * | 1997-04-07 | 1998-10-08 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Verfahren zum Herstellen einer geteilten Scheibe |
DE19753162A1 (de) * | 1997-11-29 | 1999-06-02 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen |
DE19818200A1 (de) * | 1998-04-23 | 1999-10-28 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Kraftstoffeinspritzventil |
GB9813743D0 (en) * | 1998-06-26 | 1998-08-26 | Lucas Ind Plc | Fuel injector |
US6109540A (en) * | 1998-10-29 | 2000-08-29 | Caterpillar Inc. | Outwardly opening nozzle valve for a fuel injector |
DE19916485C2 (de) * | 1999-04-13 | 2001-10-31 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine |
DE19922964C2 (de) | 1999-05-19 | 2003-03-27 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Verfahren zum Einspritzen von Dieselkraftstoff |
US6454189B1 (en) | 2000-07-03 | 2002-09-24 | Caterpillar Inc. | Reverse acting nozzle valve and fuel injector using same |
DE10049544A1 (de) * | 2000-10-06 | 2002-04-25 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Brennstoffeinspritzventil |
US7210640B2 (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2007-05-01 | Caterpillar Inc | Fuel injector spray alteration through a moveable tip sleeve |
DE102004033842A1 (de) * | 2004-07-13 | 2006-02-09 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Brennstoffeinspritzventil |
US7198207B2 (en) * | 2004-11-05 | 2007-04-03 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Low pressure fuel injector nozzle |
US7168637B2 (en) * | 2004-11-05 | 2007-01-30 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Low pressure fuel injector nozzle |
US7051957B1 (en) * | 2004-11-05 | 2006-05-30 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Low pressure fuel injector nozzle |
US7124963B2 (en) * | 2004-11-05 | 2006-10-24 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Low pressure fuel injector nozzle |
US7438241B2 (en) * | 2004-11-05 | 2008-10-21 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Low pressure fuel injector nozzle |
US7137577B2 (en) * | 2004-11-05 | 2006-11-21 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Low pressure fuel injector nozzle |
US7104475B2 (en) * | 2004-11-05 | 2006-09-12 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Low pressure fuel injector nozzle |
US7185831B2 (en) * | 2004-11-05 | 2007-03-06 | Ford Motor Company | Low pressure fuel injector nozzle |
US9062642B2 (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2015-06-23 | Cummins Inc. | Fuel injector with variable spray |
US9920674B2 (en) | 2014-01-09 | 2018-03-20 | Cummins Inc. | Variable spray angle injector arrangement |
DE102014200756A1 (de) * | 2014-01-17 | 2015-07-23 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Gasinjektor zum Direkteinblasen von gasförmigem Kraftstoff in einen Brennraum |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1921873A (en) * | 1931-02-12 | 1933-08-08 | Gillen Kimmey Baker Syndicate | Fuel injector |
US2035203A (en) * | 1934-02-21 | 1936-03-24 | John W Smith | Method of and apparatus for feeding fuel |
US2295081A (en) * | 1940-12-10 | 1942-09-08 | Albert S Harvath | Diesel engine injector |
US2762654A (en) * | 1952-07-01 | 1956-09-11 | Gen Motors Corp | Fuel injection device |
DE2451462A1 (de) * | 1974-10-30 | 1976-05-06 | Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag | Einspritzventil fuer hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschinen |
US3982693A (en) * | 1976-01-16 | 1976-09-28 | General Motors Corporation | Orifice plunger valve fuel injector |
DE2749378A1 (de) * | 1977-11-04 | 1979-05-10 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Kraftstoffeinspritzduese |
CA1269003A (en) * | 1985-07-15 | 1990-05-15 | David P. Sczomak | Poppet covered orifice fuel injection nozzle |
US4750675A (en) * | 1987-10-05 | 1988-06-14 | General Motors Corporation | Damped opening poppet covered orifice fuel injection nozzle |
US4905908A (en) * | 1988-10-17 | 1990-03-06 | General Motors Corporation | Poppet covered orifice fuel injection nozzle |
US5127584A (en) * | 1991-05-06 | 1992-07-07 | General Motors Corporation | Fuel injection nozzle |
-
1993
- 1993-12-01 DE DE4340883A patent/DE4340883A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1994
- 1994-08-24 US US08/294,033 patent/US5497947A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-11-08 EP EP94117580A patent/EP0656474B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-11-08 DE DE59407825T patent/DE59407825D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-11-29 JP JP6295032A patent/JPH07189866A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US5497947A (en) | 1996-03-12 |
JPH07189866A (ja) | 1995-07-28 |
DE4340883A1 (de) | 1995-06-08 |
DE59407825D1 (de) | 1999-03-25 |
EP0656474A1 (de) | 1995-06-07 |
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