EP0650209B1 - Verfahren zur hydrometallurgischen Aufbereitung von verbrauchten Haushalts- und Gerätebatterien - Google Patents
Verfahren zur hydrometallurgischen Aufbereitung von verbrauchten Haushalts- und Gerätebatterien Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0650209B1 EP0650209B1 EP19940116218 EP94116218A EP0650209B1 EP 0650209 B1 EP0650209 B1 EP 0650209B1 EP 19940116218 EP19940116218 EP 19940116218 EP 94116218 A EP94116218 A EP 94116218A EP 0650209 B1 EP0650209 B1 EP 0650209B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- powder
- metal
- batteries
- separated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229940021013 electrolyte solution Drugs 0.000 description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 5
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012993 chemical processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WQSRXNAKUYIVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].OS(O)(=O)=O WQSRXNAKUYIVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007704 wet chemistry method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/52—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste cells or batteries, e.g. recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for hydrometallurgical Processing of used household and Portable batteries for the recovery of metallic raw materials, in particular zinc, nickel, cadmium, copper, lithium and manganese, where this is done by shredding the batteries and separating them fine powders created from residues by means of an acid open-minded and the portion soluble in this acid the metallic ingredients of the powder is extracted.
- the acidic metal salt solution is then replaced by several Ion exchanger or ion exchanger groups directed, in each of which separated a metal and / or a metal alloy becomes.
- the deposited metal first becomes an ion exchanger eluted with an acid and then through an Electrolysis worked up.
- This electrolyte solution depleted of metals, which so-called cell acid, is then in the known Procedure again with the help of diffusion dialysis or electrodialysis and additional reverse osmosis worked up and thereby recovered a technically pure acid, which then again opens up the metallic Powder is used.
- CH-PS 676 169 describes a process for wet chemical processing used small batteries known, in which the Small batteries mechanically torn open and crushed into powder become.
- This powder is made largely by a combination of wet chemical processes converted into suitable forms and in disassembled different fractions from which the valuable Materials zinc, manganese dioxide, mercury, iron and copper be recovered. To do this, the powder is made using an acid open-minded and brought into solution. From this solution zinc and manganese in a single step or manganese dioxide deposited electrolytically. Copper, silver and mercury can be added prior to electrolysis Metallic zinc separated separated become. It is also disclosed to distill off mercury and separate non-ferrous metals by slurrying coal powder.
- the shredded batteries Wash out water and thereby initially from the electrolyte separate. Go through treatment with dilute sulfuric acid Zinc and manganese as sulfates in the solution. Subsequently the fine fraction is separated off with a sieving device. This fine fraction is obtained by chemical extraction Diluted nitric acid frees mercury and silver. Then these metals are removed from the solution together deposited electrolytically and by distillation from one another Cut.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of a method for hydrometallurgical processing of used household and device batteries for the recovery of raw materials to demonstrate, with a reduction in investment and a reduction in operating costs of consumption of chemicals are kept relatively low can.
- FIG. 1 is a so-called block diagram shown a device with which the mostly by Multi-stage crushing powder obtained from used batteries - these are household and appliance batteries - for extraction by means of an acid can and from the acidic metal salt solution in metal in several steps by electrolysis can be separated. It is pointed out that this powder at least largely from residues - in this case iron, aluminum, non-ferrous metals, Understanding plastics and paper - free has been.
- This powder is in a storage container 1 via a line 2 with at least one Extraction unit 3 is connected. About one in itself known metering device, not shown in the drawing, which are arranged in the bottom region of the storage container 1 the ground powder from the old batteries in exactly the specified amount in the extraction unit 3rd
- Acid for example sulfuric acid, which is a concentration from 1% - 50%, advantageously from 5% - 20%.
- This dilute acid it can also be a mixture of acids, is achieved, for example, by first in filled a batch container water, not shown and then with the more concentrated acid is mixed. This reaches the diluted line 4 Acid then into the extraction unit 3.
- the powder in the feed contained metals, as pure metals, metal salts and / or metal oxides may be present and go into solution.
- a separation device 3a in which, among other things, manganese oxide is deposited the acidic metal salt solution to several downstream extraction stages 5 - 7.
- These Extraction levels 5-7 are advantageously first each from an ion exchange unit, the with a special metal to be deposited matched resin bed are filled.
- the first extraction stage 5 becomes, for example, an aqueous metal solution A separated via a line 8 to an electrolysis unit 9 arrives.
- the metal A is deposited here.
- the remaining, strongly acidic, but metal depleted electrolyte solution is via a line 10 and a line 11, optionally via a storage container, fed back to the extraction unit 3, where the same then again to unlock the battery powder can be used.
- an aqueous solution containing zinc and manganese is via a line 12 deposited an aqueous solution containing zinc and manganese.
- an aqueous zinc solution After passing through a two-stage re-extraction unit 13, in the first manganese and then Zinc to be re-extracted occurs via a line 14 an aqueous zinc solution, which then also turns into a Electrolysis unit 15 arrives.
- the zinc is deposited here.
- An impoverished zinc electrolyte solution passes through a line 16 from either a line 17 again in the re-extraction unit 13 for re-extraction of Zinc can be used.
- a line 18 the impoverished exiting from the electrolysis unit 15
- Zinc electrolyte solution also from the extraction unit 3 for re-opening the ground powder Used batteries are used.
- a Metal B deposited Via a line 19 emerges from the Extraction stage 7 from an aqueous metal solution B, the is also supplied to an electrolysis unit 20. After the deposition of the metal B occurs via a line 21 a strong acidic but electrolyte solution poor in metal B. from the same way - if necessary via a storage container - again the extraction unit 3 fed to re-open the metal powder can be. If necessary, further extraction stages can be used connect to separate other metals. At this disintegration of the powder affects the low Residual metal concentrations that are still in the highly acidic Electrolyte solution can not be disadvantageous out.
- the acid is here without any special, complex reprocessing process must be switched on, circulated.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Description
Claims (1)
- Verfahren zur hydrometallurgischen Aufbereitung von verbrauchten Haushalts- und Gerätebatterien zur Wiedergewinnung der metallischen Rohstoffe, insbesondere Zink, Nickel, Cadmium, Kupfer, Lithium und Mangan, bei dem das durch Zerkleinerung der Batterien und Abtrennung von Reststoffen entstandene feine Pulver mittels einer Säure aufgeschlossen und dabei der in dieser Säure lösliche Anteil der metallischen Inhaltsstoffe des Pulvers extrahiert wird,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die in Lösung gebrachten metallischen Inhaltsstoffe des Pulvers durch getrennte Extraktionsstufen voneinander separiert werden, daß die so separierten Metallösungen getrennt voneinander elektrolysiert werden und daß die an den jeweiligen Metallen verarmten Elektrolytlösungen nach der Elektrolyse ohne Trennung der Säure vom Restmetallgehalt zum Aufschluß des gemahlenen Batterie-Pulvers verwendet werden.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19934336124 DE4336124A1 (de) | 1993-10-22 | 1993-10-22 | Verfahren zur hydrometallurgischen Aufbereitung von verbrauchten Haushalts- und Gerätebatterien |
| DE4336124 | 1993-10-22 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0650209A1 EP0650209A1 (de) | 1995-04-26 |
| EP0650209B1 true EP0650209B1 (de) | 1999-03-31 |
Family
ID=6500807
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19940116218 Expired - Lifetime EP0650209B1 (de) | 1993-10-22 | 1994-10-14 | Verfahren zur hydrometallurgischen Aufbereitung von verbrauchten Haushalts- und Gerätebatterien |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0650209B1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE4336124A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101792861A (zh) * | 2010-03-12 | 2010-08-04 | 兰州理工大学 | 用废碱性锌锰电池净化烟气回收金属的方法 |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2796207B1 (fr) * | 1999-07-07 | 2001-09-21 | Tredi | Procede de recuperation d'especes metalliques a partir de piles et accumulateurs au lithium |
| CN101775496B (zh) * | 2010-03-12 | 2011-03-16 | 兰州理工大学 | 用废镉镍电池净化烟气回收金属的方法 |
| DE102013105177A1 (de) | 2013-05-21 | 2014-11-27 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Verfahren zur Gewinnung metallischer Anteile sowie von metallabgereichertem Material aus metallhaltigen Materialien |
| CN111450989A (zh) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-07-28 | 李怀明 | 一种低品位镍矿石的选矿方法 |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT373731B (de) * | 1981-06-30 | 1984-02-10 | Voest Alpine Ag | Verfahren zur aufarbeitung von galvanischen elementen |
| JPS61261443A (ja) * | 1985-05-16 | 1986-11-19 | Nippon Mining Co Ltd | 廃乾電池からの有価物の分離回収方法 |
| CH676169A5 (en) * | 1986-09-17 | 1990-12-14 | Industrieorientierte Forsch | Multistage processing of spent small batteries - by comminution and wet chemical treatment |
| BR8707567A (pt) * | 1986-12-12 | 1989-02-21 | Rti Int Bv | Processo para reaproveitamento de bateriais eletricas cartoes de circuitos integrados impressos e componentes eletronicos |
| CH679158A5 (de) * | 1989-07-20 | 1991-12-31 | Recytec S A C O Orfigest S A | |
| FR2668499B1 (fr) * | 1990-10-26 | 1993-02-12 | Ferlay Olivier | Procede de recuperation du zinc et du mercure dans des piles ou batteries usagees au zinc. |
| DE59207905D1 (de) * | 1992-08-07 | 1997-02-27 | Arnotech Consulting Ag | Wertstoffrückgewinnung |
| FR2704098B1 (fr) * | 1993-04-16 | 1995-07-21 | Inst Nat Polytech Grenoble | Procede de traitement de piles usagee ar electrolyse. |
-
1993
- 1993-10-22 DE DE19934336124 patent/DE4336124A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1994
- 1994-10-14 EP EP19940116218 patent/EP0650209B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-14 DE DE59408030T patent/DE59408030D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101792861A (zh) * | 2010-03-12 | 2010-08-04 | 兰州理工大学 | 用废碱性锌锰电池净化烟气回收金属的方法 |
| CN101792861B (zh) * | 2010-03-12 | 2012-01-11 | 兰州理工大学 | 用废碱性锌锰电池净化烟气回收金属的方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE4336124A1 (de) | 1995-04-27 |
| DE59408030D1 (de) | 1999-05-06 |
| EP0650209A1 (de) | 1995-04-26 |
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