Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
  • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
  • B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
  • B02C4/02—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with two or more rollers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
  • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
  • B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
  • B02C4/28—Details

Definitions

• the invention has recognized that the maintenance problem can be solved particularly easily when using a crusher which, in the manner of a roller crusher, comprises a plurality of roller-shaped crushing elements, provided that, according to the invention, these are overhung outside of the crop path and project retractably into the crop path.
• this arrangement has the advantage that the bearing devices as such are not exposed to the high temperature of the area of use. As a result, the maintenance requirements for the storage facilities are lower and the maintenance can therefore often be carried out without interrupting operations. If the crushing elements themselves require maintenance, they can simply be withdrawn together with their storage facilities and serviced or replaced. Since the entire crusher is formed from a plurality of roller-shaped crushing elements, only a part of the crusher suffers an operational interruption, which is therefore tolerable in many cases. In addition, by a suitable choice of the direction of rotation of those crushing elements which are adjacent to the retracted crushing element, it can be ensured that as little material as possible falls through as a result of the retraction of this crushing element.
• the bridging element which can be roof-shaped, for example, transfer the firing material to the neighboring crushing elements derives.
• the roller-shaped crushing elements can be conventional crushing rollers, as are known for roller crushers. Since the crushed material coming from the furnace is usually not hard and brittle, as it corresponds to the usual application of roller crushers, but rather doughy tough to crumbly, the crushing elements can also be designed differently to suit the nature of the crushed material. For example, they can be smooth or have radially projecting, interlocking spikes or cutting edges.
• roller-shaped elements from whichever side they may extend into the area of the goods, together cover a cross-sectional area that covers the entire area within which the occurrence of goods to be broken is expected must become.
• this will be the entire cross-sectional area in which the material is guided from the oven to the cooler, that is to say, for example, falls from the discharge opening of a rotary kiln. If, however, the occurrence of coarse material, only in a part of the total cross section penetrated by the material, it is sufficient to provide the rollers in this partial area. This can be the case when using rotary kilns in which the coarse material preferably falls off on one side.
• this can be the case where the fine material is separated from the coarse material to be broken by upstream sieves or the like and only the latter is fed to the crusher. It is therefore part of the concept of the invention that a larger proportion of the crushing elements is arranged on that side of the cooler inlet shaft on which the oversize is predominantly obtained.
• the material path in which the crushing elements are located and which can be formed, for example, by the inlet shaft of the cooler, is separated from the area in which the bearing devices of the crushing elements are located by a partition or shield.
• This has openings which are of sufficient size for the axial passage of the crushing elements. It is not necessary that these openings are always open in the size that when pushing the crushing elements into the Gutweg or when retracting the same is required. Rather, filler pieces can be provided which close the opening cross section to the circumference of the crushing element or a shaft carrying the crushing element during operation.
• the storage devices are provided with devices for moving in the longitudinal direction of the crushing elements, for example with rollers and rails. Rails or other conveying means can be connected, which enable the rapid removal of a defective unit and the introduction of a replacement unit.
• Each unit comprising a crushing element and a bearing device expediently also includes the associated drive, consisting of motor and transmission, so that in the event of a break in operation of a crushing element, the downtime is not increased by the fact that before retraction or after advancement special connection work is required.
• the inclination of the crushing elements in relation to the horizontal direction is expediently adjustable, preferably during operation.
• a uniform distribution of the crushed material over the length of the crushing elements can be promoted and, on the other hand, the overflow of unbroken material at the ends of the crushing elements can be avoided.
• An adjustability of the crushing elements in their longitudinal direction can also be useful for this. This can easily be achieved in that the crushing elements protrude more or less far into the crop path.
• the crushing elements can also be movable in their transverse direction.
• this can serve to adjust the crusher gap in the sense that different transverse positions of the crusher can be fixed. It can also serve to temporarily widen the crushing gap to let hard, large objects pass through.
• This expansion can be a passive evasive movement which, due to the breaking resistance of the foreign body, resists a resilient force (Spring force, pneumatic etc.) takes place. It can also be actively controlled. If only a pair of crushing rollers or the outermost rollers of a roller group are affected, the evasive movement can be provided in the horizontal direction. In the case of a crushing roller arranged between other crushing rollers, the expansion of one crushing gap would be at the expense of the other, which is often not permitted. In these cases, the evasive movement can be provided vertically.
• the proportion of coarse and oversize grains to be subjected to the breaking effect is relatively low, namely below 10%.
• the vast majority of the material falls through the crushing elements unbroken.
• the rotational speed of the crushing elements content is generally under 100min "preferably 30min ⁇ .
• the rotational speed of the crushing rollers verstell ⁇ bar and preferably independently of one another, so that the crusher operation can be adapted to the respective properties of the material.
• An increase in the speed considerably above the normal speed range, for example up to about 200min ⁇ should therefore be possible.
• the direction of rotation of the rollers is also reversible, because this divides the discharge of the furnace onto the individual crushing rollers and thus also onto the width of the cooler bed underneath can be influenced.
• 6 and 7 are a longitudinal and a cross section through a further embodiment.
• Fig. 1 shows a clinker cooler 1 with a cooling grate 2, on which the bed 3 of the goods to be cooled moves in the direction of the arrow.
• the cooler is preceded by a rotary kiln 4, the discharge end of which ends in the inlet shaft 5 of the cooler and discharges the firing material in the area of the inlet shaft 5 shown on the left in the drawing, while in the free area on the right - as indicated by arrows - that has flowed through the cooler Air flows to the rotary kiln 4 as secondary air.
• the crusher generally designated 6, is located in the area of the inlet shaft 5 in which the material is thrown off.
• the crusher 6 comprises a plurality of crushing rollers 7, which together are arranged next to one another to fill the entire cross-section of the discharge area of the inlet shaft 5, a roller gap 8 being left between them, the size of which is given by the desired grain size of the firing material is determined.
• 95% of the fired material falls with the desired one Fine grain size below 25mm.
• a further 5% is made up of coarse grain (25-100mm) and oversize (over 100mm). The coarse and oversize grain has to be broken down to the desired dimensions, while the larger part of the grain can pass unbroken.
• Each crushing roller 7 is held via a flange 9 on a crusher shaft 10 which is overhung by a bearing device 11 which forms a unitary unit with the gear 12 and motor 13 on the machine frame 14.
• the frame 14 is provided with suitable devices which allow it to be displaced in the longitudinal direction of the crushing roller 7 on a pair of rails 15, at least to the extent that the crushing roller on the one hand can assume the operating position shown in FIG. 2 within the inlet shaft 5 and on the other hand, can be completely withdrawn from it in order to be able to be serviced or replaced on the stage on which the rails 15 are provided.
• the movability of the unit along the rails 15 also gives the possibility of determining the longitudinal setting of the crushing roller 7 within the inlet area 5 in a suitable manner.
• devices can be provided which make it possible to adjust the inclination of the crushing roller with respect to the horizontal direction in the direction of arrow 16, in order thereby to influence the longitudinal distribution of the material on the crushing roller.
• the direction of rotation of the crushing rollers can be selected, for example, as indicated by arrows in FIG. 3, whereby three pairs of crushing rollers each enclosing a crushing gap are formed.
• the direction of rotation can also be selected differently, in particular in order to influence the distribution of the crushed material over the crushing rollers or on the cooler bed located underneath.
• a different speed control can also be used for the same purpose individual crushing rollers can be used.
• the direction of rotation can also be changed regularly.
• FIG. 4 shows a crushing roller arrangement similar to FIG. 3, but in which there are fewer of these on a lower level and in accordance with the narrowing of the inlet shaft.
• two rows of crushing rollers arranged one above the other are provided, of which the upper row has a larger roller spacing in order to pre-break very large pieces, which are then further crushed on the lower level.
• the roller spacing in the top row can be adjusted to adapt to changing operating conditions.
• FIG. 6 and 7 illustrate an embodiment in which the crushing rollers protrude into the inlet shaft from opposite sides.
• a relatively large cross-sectional area and width can be covered with crushing elements, the effective length of which corresponds only to approximately half the cross-sectional width to be covered.
• the crushing rollers are charged with a liquid or gaseous cooling medium, which keeps them at an acceptable temperature.
• the crushing rollers dissipate heat from the material to be cooled through contact and heat conduction.
• heat is also dissipated by radiant heat exchange, since the rollers form a comparatively large area of lower temperature above the initial area of the material bed 3.
• the large-scale expansion of the entirety of the crushing elements is a peculiarity of the solution according to the invention.
• the resulting effective participation in the radiant heat exchange with the good is therefore an additional advantage of the invention.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Food Science & Technology (AREA)
• Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
• Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
• Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
• Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
• Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
• Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
• Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
• Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

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ID=6890899

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

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Family Cites Families (9)

• 1993
  • 1993-03-19 DE DE9304122U patent/DE9304122U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1994
  • 1994-03-18 AT AT94911190T patent/ATE166253T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1994-03-18 DE DE59405994T patent/DE59405994D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1994-03-18 US US08/335,887 patent/US5580005A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1994-03-18 JP JP6520656A patent/JPH08500769A/ja active Pending
  • 1994-03-18 EP EP94911190A patent/EP0640015B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1994-03-18 WO PCT/EP1994/000855 patent/WO1994021381A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 1994-03-18 DK DK94911190T patent/DK0640015T3/da active
  • 1994-03-18 ES ES94911190T patent/ES2117786T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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