Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
  • B01D46/30—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using loose filtering material
  • B01D46/32—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using loose filtering material the material moving during filtering
  • B01D46/36—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using loose filtering material the material moving during filtering as a substantially horizontal layer, e.g. on rotary tables, drums, conveyor belts

Definitions

• the invention relates to a packed bed filter, in particular for flue gases, with a supporting grate arranged within a housing, a granular filter material of predetermined thickness, which is applied and renewable from there, made of pollutant-binding granular filter material, which lies between a clean gas room above and a lower one Raw gas space is arranged, with a feed device, a conveyor and a distribution device, which runs parallel to the supporting grate on the top of the fill layer.
• Such a packed bed filter is already known as prior art, in which the distribution device spreads the filter material over the deep bed and the discharge device carries out a layer-by-layer, full-surface discharge on the underside of the packed bed (DE-PS 34 43 832 ).
• Such packed bed filters can be used in a device for filtering environmentally harmful exhaust gases, as is already part of the prior art (DE-OS 36 41 205).
• At least one perforated bottom is arranged in the housing between the distribution device and the top of the fill layer.
• This perforated floor advantageously brings about the optimal maintenance of favorable reaction conditions over the entire length of the deep bed. Unwanted segregation of the grain spectrum of the filter granules is avoided without problems.
• Another advantage is that the discharge system is protected from contamination by larger foreign bodies by limiting the passage area by means of the perforated bottom.
• the perforated floor can run horizontally.
• the holes in the perforated base can have the same diameter, and the distance between the holes can also be the same. Alternatively, there is the possibility that in a further embodiment of the invention the distance between the holes is rather different from one another.
• the perforated base can have individual sections with different spacing of the holes from one another, wherein these sections can have different lengths and / or widths. The arrangement of the perforations can be straight or staggered or partly straight and partly staggered.
• the holes can have different diameters.
• the holes can be round, conical, elliptical, square or rectangular. If the perforation is conical, the larger diameter faces the top of the fill layer. This counteracts any constipation that may be present.
• the reactive surface below the perforated floor is advantageously additionally enlarged, the bulk material remains loose, undesired compaction and clogging are avoided without any problems.
• the two perforated bases are arranged one above the other.
• the two perforated plates can be arranged at a distance from one another, which results in the possibility of using a cooling system between the two perforated plates.
• This cooling system can either be self-contained or be connected to a source for a cooling medium.
• a source for a cooling medium for example, it is possible to use water, water-air or air-air as the cooling system.
• the two perforated plates can also lie on top of one another, the upper perforated plate being adjustable for adjusting the free cross sections.
• the upper perforated plate can also be adjusted, for example.
• One or both of the perforated bases can be divided into individual sections with different distances between the perforations and / or different perforation diameters.
• the cooling system is located below the two perforated bases.
• Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of the
• Fig. 2 is a plan view of an embodiment of the
• Fig. 3 shows another embodiment of the
• FIG. 9 enlargement of the reactive surface by forming cones of the through openings.
• a packed bed filter is shown schematically.
• This packed bed filter essentially has a housing 1 in which a supporting grate 2 is arranged.
• On this bed 2 there is a renewable fill layer 3 made of granular filter material of predetermined thickness which binds harmful substances.
• the supporting grate 2 is arranged between a clean gas space 4 above and a raw gas space 5 below.
• the gas to be cleaned thus passes from the bottom upwards from the raw gas space 5 through the supporting grate into the clean gas space 4 and must flow through the fill layer 3.
• the support grate 2 is equipped with a support grate discharge device (not specified in any more detail) which can be actuated by at least one piston-cylinder unit 20.
• the filter materials which are discharged downwards and used when the supporting grate discharge device is actuated fall onto the conveyor 7 and are transported away.
• a perforated bottom 10 between the lower run of the distributing device 8 and the upper side 9 of the pouring layer 3.
• This perforated bottom 10 is arranged horizontally and interacts with the distributing device 8: Perforated bottom 10 is transported up to the top 9 of the fill layer 3 is evenly distributed, the perforated bottom 10 advantageously preventing the grain spectrum of the filter granules from segregating.
• the respective so-called leveling bars of the distribution device 8 slide in the areas of the non-perforated area of the Perforated bottom 10, the entire filter granulate to be fed into areas farther from the filling shaft 21. From there, the entire grain spectrum is gradually distributed. Since the non-perforated longitudinal paths of the perforated base 10 in the front region are also not traversed by flue gases, the filter granules of the fill layer 3 are advantageously kept reactive until sections of the perforated base 10 begin to perforate in the form of the holes 11. An undesirable premature reaction is thus effectively prevented.
• the perforated base 10 has holes 11 which are distributed uniformly over the entire surface of the perforated base 10, according to FIG. 2 there is the possibility that the perforated base 10 is divided into individual sections A, B and C. different distance and arrangement of the holes 11 is divided.
• Sections A, B, C can have different lengths and / or widths; in the embodiment according to FIG. 2, section A is the largest, sections B and C having a shorter length and each being shorter.
• the arrangement of the holes 11 can be straight or staggered or partly straight and partly staggered within the sections A, B or C.
• the formation of bulk cones results in an increase in the reactive area, the bulk material also remaining loose and undesired compaction being avoided.
• the holes 11 and 12 can, for example, also be elliptical, square or rectangular.
• Several perforated plates can also be arranged one above the other. This possibility is shown in more detail in an embodiment variant in FIG. 6.
• This configuration according to FIG. 6 results in interspaces 13 between the individual holes 11, which can be used as a cooling system.
• FIG. 3 Such a cooling system is shown in more detail in FIG. 3.
• the system consisting of two perforated plates 10 and 10 'is again located below the distribution device 8, the spaces 13 between the holes 11 being connected to one another and forming a closed cooling system with pump 15 and cooling unit 16 with pipes 14. This enables cooling of the perforated base 10, 10 '.
• FIG. 7 there is also the possibility of arranging the two perforated plates 10, 10 'directly one above the other, one of the perforated plates 10 or 10' being adjustable so as to adjust the free cross sections.
• the top perforated bottom 10 to be adjustable to serve as a regulating slide in this embodiment.
• Moisture from a coating process possibly carried out before the granulate is introduced into the packed bed filter advantageously lies in the setting of the smallest possible temperature difference to the water vapor dew point of the gases to be cleaned.
• the coating process can be carried out continuously in a lime suspension in a device upstream of the packed bed filter, which is not described in more detail here.
• Preheating e.g. of combustion air, dry air etc. or also of water for heating purposes.
• the discharge system of the supporting grate is carefully protected against contamination and damage by foreign bodies by means of the limited passage area of the perforated floor 10.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
• Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
• Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=6455252

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Families Citing this family (2)

Family Cites Families (5)

• 1992
  • 1992-03-27 DE DE19924210133 patent/DE4210133C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1993
  • 1993-03-15 WO PCT/DE1993/000235 patent/WO1993019833A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1993-03-15 CZ CZ942347A patent/CZ234794A3/cs unknown
  • 1993-03-15 RU RU94043784/26A patent/RU94043784A/ru unknown
  • 1993-03-15 EP EP93905189A patent/EP0633809A1/de not_active Ceased

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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