EP0616564B1 - Procede de micro-nettoyage d'un support et installation pour sa mise en oeuvre - Google Patents

Procede de micro-nettoyage d'un support et installation pour sa mise en oeuvre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0616564B1
EP0616564B1 EP93902324A EP93902324A EP0616564B1 EP 0616564 B1 EP0616564 B1 EP 0616564B1 EP 93902324 A EP93902324 A EP 93902324A EP 93902324 A EP93902324 A EP 93902324A EP 0616564 B1 EP0616564 B1 EP 0616564B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzles
jets
fact
abrasive
projection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93902324A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0616564A1 (fr
Inventor
Christian Diat
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Priority claimed from FR9115568A external-priority patent/FR2685027B1/fr
Priority claimed from FR9115567A external-priority patent/FR2684900B1/fr
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0616564A1 publication Critical patent/EP0616564A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0616564B1 publication Critical patent/EP0616564B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C3/00—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants
    • B24C3/02—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants characterised by the arrangement of the component assemblies with respect to each other
    • B24C3/06—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants characterised by the arrangement of the component assemblies with respect to each other movable; portable
    • B24C3/062—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants characterised by the arrangement of the component assemblies with respect to each other movable; portable for vertical surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C5/00—Devices or accessories for generating abrasive blasts
    • B24C5/02—Blast guns, e.g. for generating high velocity abrasive fluid jets for cutting materials
    • B24C5/04—Nozzles therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and an installation for dry micro-cleaning, by projection of abrasive powders of very fine particle size, method and installation making it possible to reconcile a high cleaning speed with an exceptional fineness of pickling.
  • the process thus finds its main application for the stripping of pollutants and pollution coming to stick and adhere to the surface of the facades of monuments and buildings.
  • facade stones have always been washed with water, today many scientists working on the problems of alteration of facade stones, underline the fact that the cleaning of new pollution by washing, allows pollutants to penetrate either by capillarity, or by more or less defective joints, or by surface points already weakened , and therefore participates in the acceleration of the alteration processes.
  • Water which acts here as a chemical reaction agent and as a vehicle for harmful salts, is less and less suitable for cleaning up the pollution stuck on the surfaces of dressed stone facades, especially if they are in addition weakened (scaling, alveolization, etc ).
  • the surface layer of the cut stones used is covered over time with a thin layer of crystallization harder than the inside of the stone, which has the effect of protecting the stone from external aggressions all sorts.
  • This thin protective layer which varies from 2 to 5 millimeters is called cullet or sulfin in an urban atmosphere.
  • cullet or sulfin in an urban atmosphere.
  • it is therefore essential to avoid abrading this thin layer of crystallization, especially since this thin film becomes more and more fragile under the action of pollution.
  • This blackish pollution also masks the altered and undergoing alteration areas, thus making the visibility of these fragile areas difficult.
  • the cleaning of pollution encrusted and stuck on ashlar surfaces represents a work which becomes more and more delicate, meticulous, and meticulous, and the current techniques of projection dry abrasives present a more or less significant risk of abrasion and attack of material depending on the state, hardness and uniformity of hardness of the surface layer.
  • sandblasting is a very coarse and very dusty technique, which uses any type of sand, more or less large, unitary and unidirectional fixed jet which is moved manually by more or less labor. less meticulous and meticulous.
  • the principle of sandblasting therefore consists of spraying dry, under high air pressure (7 to 8 ⁇ 10 5 Pa on average), abrasives or sands that are more or less large or more or less fine, through a sandblasting nozzle of 6 or 8 millimeters section, sandblasting nozzle which is manually operated by a sandblaster.
  • the applicators or sanders have a lot of trouble, given the performance requirements and physical hardness of the task, to perform regular, metered, neat work, and this for many consecutive hours.
  • the profitability of many companies forces the sandblasters to work at too high pressures (6, 7, 8 or even 10 or even 12 x 10 5 Pa pressure), to use so-called pickling jets (sandblasting nozzle of 6 , 8 millimeters and even more) and to project very large volumes of air, sometimes going up to 12,000 liters of air per minute, which causes even with very fine abrasive particles, a considerable abrasive attack, which manhandles all areas of delicate surfaces (sculptures, joints, cullet of heterogeneous hardness, etc.), not to mention the entire facade, which can be literally abraded, even if the stones are hard, nor the considerable dust emitted , which requires covering the workspace in a complicated and therefore costly manner.
  • the small air stream thus obtained is handled as a pen by the restaurateur who follows with infinite patience, millimeter by millimeter, at 2 or 3 centimeters of working distance, the reliefs of the small area he is pickling.
  • This micro-sandblasting technique used by a necessarily very patient workforce, makes it possible to guarantee pickling work without any real risk of abrasion, but the very slow speed of this process makes it completely prohibitive to use and apply on complete building surfaces.
  • this sandblasting jet is very stripping mainly at its center of impact, and therefore , we understand that by wanting to lower to the maximum, as does micro-sanding all the projection parameters (air flow, projection pressure, abrasive size, nozzle section), this center of impact will be mathematically less and less stripper and abrasive, and that the maximum reduction of all the parameters of air flow and abrasive flow will make work easier, by limiting as much as possible the emission of dust.
  • a particle size indicated for the powder is of the order of 100 to 200 micrometers, and the number of nozzles is two.
  • Such a device is not suitable for performing effective cleaning and micro-etching of a support using an air-powder mixture, and in particular of a fragile support.
  • the present invention therefore aims to remedy all of these drawbacks, and to do this it proposes a method of micro-cleaning and micro-etching of a support, according to which one projects in the direction of the support jets of compressed air charged with fine abrasive particles whose particle size is less than 200 micrometers, these jets being emitted by nozzles and moved at high speed by scanning the support, characterized in that a multitude of jets are used, the number of which is at least ten, and in that these jets have, at the level of the nozzles, a section having a dimension between 400 micrometers and 4 millimeters, which gives them a very low kinetic energy.
  • This micro-pickling and dry micro-cleaning process makes it possible to strip very quickly even very delicate and very fragile supports, as are stone supports.
  • the process of the present invention makes it possible to carry out an extremely rapid pickling work, while guaranteeing work of excellent quality, and this on all types of soiling and on all types of supports.
  • the method of the present invention guarantees a complete absence of abrasion on all the cleaned supports, even if these include in places delicate and more or less fragile areas or more simply of heterogeneous surface hardness (masonry joints, flaking stones , heterogeneous cullet, etc.).
  • the method of the present invention by the different possible combinations, allows spraying work without nuisance of dust.
  • the method of the invention starts from the principle that the projection parameters should not be reduced, since this reduction takes place at the expense of the speed and the stripping action , but it is necessary to maintain this speed and this quality of stripping to multidivide the jet into a multitude or into multiple fine micro-jets, and to drive these multiple fine micro-jets oriented multidirectionally in very rapid automatic movement.
  • a jet of 8 millimeters of nozzle section perhaps multidivisible either in 64 nozzles of 1 millimeter, or in 44 nozzles of 1.2 millimeters, or in 28 nozzles of 1.5 millimeters, or in 12 nozzles 2.5 millimeters, etc ... (the more the jet is multi-divided, the finer the nozzles, and the more the effect is accentuated).
  • the stripping action of the "spray tips" is used to the maximum, by multiplying them in quantity, dividing them in volume, and distributing them over a certain surface (disc or projection wheel).
  • the abrasive projection nozzles are very fine: they are between 1 and 2.5 millimeters (but which can in principle go from the method of the invention, from 400 micrometers to 4 millimeters in section.)
  • very fine spray nozzles require the use of only very fine-grained abrasives (for example 80 to 100 micrometers). These very fine abrasives sprayed by very fine nozzles, have practically no specific kinetic energy, they can only move at high speed, or at a cleaning impact speed if they are transported inside a jet. or a compressed air stream. This jet or this compressed air stream thus serves as a projection guide for very fine particles. Thus the absence of kinetic energy of these very fine particles forces them to remain stored in the compressed air nets, and to strictly comply with the characteristics very fast movements of these fine air streams.
  • the multiplicity of nozzles, spaced over a certain surface makes it possible, by orienting them in a multidirectional manner, to have a multitude of different attack angles, allowing with the relentless mechanical movement of micro-jets to be able to clean all points constituting a relief, and this without having to insist in all directions and without having, as in traditional unidirectional fixed jet techniques, to rotate the nozzle in all directions, and to insistently follow (abrasive), all contours of reliefs of the surface to be stripped
  • the process of the present invention is a process which consists in projecting towards a support to be cleaned and pickled, a micro-abrasive mist obtained by the very rapid and continuous movement of multiple fine threads of compressed air, charged with abrasive particles with very low kinetic energy, and to displace this micro-abrasive mist obtained, all along the support to be cleaned.
  • the subject of the invention is also a micro-cleaning and micro-etching installation equipped with a spraying apparatus comprising a rotating wheel provided with nozzles for spraying compressed air loaded with fine abrasive particles, characterized in that said rotary wheel comprises a multitude of nozzles, the number of which is at least ten, which each have an inlet cone and have a particle passage section whose dimension is between 400 micrometers and 4 millimeters.
  • the number of nozzles is around thirty on average, but can exceed one hundred in some cases.
  • the section of the abrasive projection nozzles is mainly located around 1 to 2.5 millimeters, but can range from 400 micrometers to 4 millimeters.
  • Abrasives of very fine particle size, to have an effective pickling action, are of very high hardness (grains or micro-beads of glass, corundum, etc.).
  • the nozzle-holder projection wheel can cover a large funnel-shaped distribution cone: the distribution cone and the wheel can be made of P.T.F.E (teflon) or ceramic, and the nozzles are ceramic.
  • the projection wheel when it is not bored and furnished with nozzles, is pierced with multiple fine orifices forming the nozzles (the assembly then being made entirely of ceramic).
  • each nozzle duct Due to the very thin section of each nozzle duct, the interior of each nozzle preferably has a funnel shape. This cone or funnel shape is necessary in order to allow an easy and fluid flow of the projected abrasives, because of the very great narrowness of each nozzle duct.
  • the nozzle-carrying wheel is driven in automatic mechanical displacement at more or less high speed, in a speed range situated mainly between 0 and 4000 revolutions per minute.
  • This effect can be accentuated by other automatic mechanical displacements, in particular by the pivoting of the wheel on itself in an arc of a circle on the left, then in an arc of a circle on the right, then in an arc of a circle upwards and towards the low (mechanical and automatic pivoting around a support).
  • the process of the present invention of spraying fine abrasives under compressed air causes more or less dust, although the process, by its peculiarities (very fine nozzles) consumes 2 to 3 times less abrasive for the same efficiency , and that each fine air stream is adjusted, to project a minimum of abrasive for a large volume of air, since ironing multiple times on the same points.
  • the method of the invention uses compressed air from a compressor, and can produce the air-abrasive mixture by passing through a sandblaster.
  • a sandblaster it is particularly advantageous not to use a sandblaster.
  • the compressed air coming from the compressor is sent directly and alone to the multi-nozzle projection device, the air-compressed-abrasive mixture being made inside the projection device just before the nozzle outlet.
  • This system makes it possible to enhance the process of the present invention, by making the best use of the finest nozzles possible, greatly facilitating the regularity of the flow and the flow of abrasive, and consuming very few abrasives. Thus giving more regular jets and can be very weak loaded with abrasive.
  • the installation for implementing the method of the invention comprises a projection device or projection wheel, comprising in the direction of movement of the abrasive particles a tube 2 for cylindrical supply of the air-abrasive particle mixture opening onto a wide flare 4 in the form of a funnel, this flare 4 communicating by means of inlet cones 7 with said nozzles 6 for blasting abrasives, the direction of each of said nozzles 6 forming an acute angle with the longitudinal axis of said supply tube 2.
  • This inclination of different angle on each nozzle 6, allows to obtain a multitude of different projection angles, giving a projection by attack of multidirectional micro-jets.
  • the apparatus or projection wheel 21 is equipped with a multitude or multiple fine nozzles 6 for projecting abrasives, which are positioned and spaced on a projection disc 15.
  • the positioning is done according to drawing shapes mainly in spirals , in order to accentuate the rotary effect and to cover and sweep the maximum of different cleaning points.
  • the numerous nozzles 6 for blasting abrasives do not project or hardly extend beyond the blasting face 15, thus ensuring a very compact assembly and allowing movement in the air of the blasting apparatus 21 very reliably, in all directions even at very high speed of movement.
  • This projection wheel 10 is equipped with means allowing its mechanical drive in rotation at very high speed (0 to 4000 revolutions per minute).
  • This projection wheel 10 is equipped with means allowing it to pivot in mechanical and automatic strokes on itself in an arc of a circle on the left then in an arc of a circle on the right.
  • This projection wheel 10 is equipped with means allowing it to pivot in mechanical and automatic strokes on itself in an arc of a circle upwards then downwards.
  • This projection wheel 10 is equipped with means making it possible to automatically modify all of the projection parameters (on, off, mechanical speed variator, flow rate, pressure, air-abrasive metering, etc.).
  • the configuration of the interior of the projection device 21 is modified by the presence of a central duct 19 for supplying the abrasive (by suction), this duct branching out as many small pipes 20 (supply of abrasives) as there are nozzles 6.
  • a central duct 19 for supplying the abrasive (by suction)
  • the only air not loaded with abrasives arriving in the inlet cone 7 of the nozzle sucks regularly and simultaneously in its passage a small amount of abrasives.
  • This central duct 19 for supplying the abrasive (by suction) is fixed relative to the air supply cone, and it is centered and fixed by fixing lugs connected to the rotary tube 2 and to the distribution cone 4 :
  • This duct is therefore rotated simultaneously with the tube 2 and the distribution cone 4, and therefore comprises a sealed rotary joint at its junction with the abrasive supply pipe.
  • the projection of abrasive in the form of a mist produced by this projection wheel causes significant dust, so parallel to the projection of fine air streams loaded with very fine abrasive particles, it is advantageous to have on the projection wheel 10 d 'abrasives, a number of very fine nozzles 14 for spraying atomized water or very fine nozzles for spraying very fine jets of vapor 17.
  • the use of fine air streams and abrasives, the projection nozzles 6 of which are arranged on the altogether large surface which constitutes the surface 15 of the projection wheel 10, makes it possible to dilute the compressed air streams and abrasives in a mist of atomized water particles.
  • This projection wheel 10 also makes it possible by the rotary phenomenon to bring about a homogenization of the water mist which is constantly reforming in the voids of projection of abrasives.
  • the very fine atomized water particles projected into the projection space are projected in the form of a spray of very fine atomized water particles, the particle size of these atomized water particles being as fine as possible.
  • this projection wheel 10 is equipped with nozzles 14 for spraying atomized water arranged on the projection face 15.
  • Water is brought into the spraying apparatus by means of a fixed pipe 22 centered in the cone for supplying the air-abrasive mixture.
  • This conduit 22 is fixed by fixing lugs 13 connected to the rotary tube 2 and to the distribution cone 4.
  • This conduit 22 is rotated simultaneously with the tube 2 and the distribution cone 4 and therefore requires a sealed rotary joint with the pipe 22 for supplying pressurized water.
  • This conduit 22 branches into a series of small channels 25 leading the water to the atomization nozzles 14.
  • the atomized water spray jets from the pneumatic atomization nozzles 14 are adjusted to send atomized water clouds and these nozzle jets 14 are preferably directed in parallel to the abrasive jets.
  • the nozzles 14 for spraying atomized water can be replaced by nozzles for spraying very fine jets of vapor 17.
  • This wheel 10 for blasting fine abrasives can have a diameter of a few centimeters to several tens of centimeters, this diameter of the blasting wheel 10 being proportional to the number of nozzles fitted to it and to the more or less large spacing given to these.
  • the process of the invention is a micro-pickling and micro-cleaning process combining speed and very high quality.
  • This high-speed surface touch impact process can be applied to almost all types mainly delicate and very fragile supports (old stones, altered and flaked stones, antiques, old furniture, plasters, etc.), and allows to clean all types of dirt and deposits (oil, various pollutants, tags, graffiti, etc. ).
  • this projection apparatus 21 is mounted on a support and positioning arm 16. It is equipped with handles 23 for movement and guidance.
  • the projection wheel 10 is equipped with forty eight nozzles 6 for projecting fine abrasives. The section of these nozzles is 2 millimeters. These nozzles are made of ceramic.
  • the assembly comprises, in the direction of movement of the particles, a tube 2 for supplying the air-abrasive particle mixture leading to a wide flare in the form of a funnel 4, this flaring communicating by means of cones 7 inlet with said abrasive spray nozzles 6, the direction of each of said nozzles forming an acute angle with the longitudinal axis of said supply tube 2.
  • the feed cone 4 which conveys the abrasive in the wheel 10 nozzle holder 6 is made of PTFE (teflon), it is guided in rotation by a sealed needle bushing 24 and a sealed ball bearing 3, housed in a casing 11 itself sealed. The rotation is ensured by a pneumatic motor 12. The sealing of the guide in rotation with the air + abrasive supply pipe is ensured by a rotary seal with double sealing.
  • the device is fitted with a set of 24 atomized air-water projection nozzles 14.
  • the compressed air is supplied by a compressor and the air + abrasive mixture is in this case via a sandblaster, the air-abrasive mixture arriving via the fixed tube 1.
  • the air-water supply is making through a water booster compressor.
  • the operator is positioned in front of the surface to be stripped, presents the projection device in front of this zone, it starts the rotary motor, it triggers the air-water mixture, it triggers the air-abrasive mixture, and it begins to move gradually, substantially parallel to the surface to be stripped.
  • the operator There is no point of impact the very many jets moving at very high speed over the area to be scoured, sweep gently and superficially (but effective) by micro-abrasive mist this area to be scoured.
  • the presence of delicate or fragile points in this area does not change anything, neither its settings, nor its working speed, which makes it possible to very quickly clean an area without any risk of abrasion or alteration of the pickled surface.
  • the mist of water particles sprayed simultaneously humidifies the dust without wetting the jets, allowing very fine, rapid stripping work without nuisance of dust.

Landscapes

  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Container, Conveyance, Adherence, Positioning, Of Wafer (AREA)
  • Digital Transmission Methods That Use Modulated Carrier Waves (AREA)
  • Cleaning Or Drying Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Encapsulation Of And Coatings For Semiconductor Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
  • Cleaning Implements For Floors, Carpets, Furniture, Walls, And The Like (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
EP93902324A 1991-12-11 1992-12-11 Procede de micro-nettoyage d'un support et installation pour sa mise en oeuvre Expired - Lifetime EP0616564B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9115568A FR2685027B1 (fr) 1991-12-11 1991-12-11 Procede mecanique de nettoyage de la pollution des pierres de facade.
FR9115568 1991-12-11
FR9115567 1991-12-11
FR9115567A FR2684900B1 (fr) 1991-12-11 1991-12-11 Buse rotative multi-jets pour la projection de particules abrasives tres fines.
PCT/FR1992/001177 WO1993011908A1 (fr) 1991-12-11 1992-12-11 Procede de micro-nettoyage d'un support et installation pour sa mise en ×uvre

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0616564A1 EP0616564A1 (fr) 1994-09-28
EP0616564B1 true EP0616564B1 (fr) 1996-09-18

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93902324A Expired - Lifetime EP0616564B1 (fr) 1991-12-11 1992-12-11 Procede de micro-nettoyage d'un support et installation pour sa mise en oeuvre

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US5558562A (da)
EP (1) EP0616564B1 (da)
JP (1) JP3372543B2 (da)
AT (1) ATE142925T1 (da)
AU (1) AU668128B2 (da)
BR (1) BR9206919A (da)
CA (1) CA2125187C (da)
CZ (1) CZ285789B6 (da)
DE (1) DE69213959T2 (da)
DK (1) DK0616564T3 (da)
ES (1) ES2094523T3 (da)
FI (1) FI101521B (da)
GR (1) GR3021463T3 (da)
NO (1) NO301366B1 (da)
WO (1) WO1993011908A1 (da)

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CN105690184A (zh) * 2014-11-26 2016-06-22 中冶宝钢技术服务有限公司 一种管道坡口带水打磨用工装及管道坡口带水打磨方法

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US5558562A (en) 1996-09-24
CZ142394A3 (en) 1994-12-15
DK0616564T3 (da) 1997-03-17
DE69213959D1 (de) 1996-10-24
CA2125187A1 (fr) 1993-06-24
JP3372543B2 (ja) 2003-02-04
EP0616564A1 (fr) 1994-09-28
DE69213959T2 (de) 1997-04-30
CA2125187C (fr) 2001-08-28
FI101521B1 (fi) 1998-07-15
ES2094523T3 (es) 1997-01-16
AU668128B2 (en) 1996-04-26
NO301366B1 (no) 1997-10-20
ATE142925T1 (de) 1996-10-15
NO942164D0 (no) 1994-06-10
CZ285789B6 (cs) 1999-11-17
FI942741A (fi) 1994-07-05
AU3356793A (en) 1993-07-19
FI101521B (fi) 1998-07-15
BR9206919A (pt) 1995-11-21
WO1993011908A1 (fr) 1993-06-24
GR3021463T3 (en) 1997-01-31
NO942164L (da) 1994-06-10
FI942741A0 (fi) 1994-06-10
JPH07501754A (ja) 1995-02-23

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