Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/2075—Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
  • C11D3/2079—Monocarboxylic acids-salts thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
  • C11D1/143—Sulfonic acid esters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
  • C11D1/146—Sulfuric acid esters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/722—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols having mixed oxyalkylene groups; Polyalkoxylated fatty alcohols or polyalkoxylated alkylaryl alcohols with mixed oxyalkylele groups
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/825—Mixtures of compounds all of which are non-ionic
  • C11D1/8255—Mixtures of compounds all of which are non-ionic containing a combination of compounds differently alcoxylised or with differently alkylated chains
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
  • C11D1/831—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds of sulfonates with ethers of polyoxyalkylenes without phosphates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
  • C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
  • C11D3/10—Carbonates ; Bicarbonates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/2068—Ethers

Definitions

• the present invention relates to concentrated cleaning compositions. Although the present invention relates primarily to cleaning compositions for hard surfaces, it may also be of interest for other cleaning compositions including dishwashing and laundry detergent compositions.
• Concentrated cleaning compositions are well known in the art. Concentrated compositions are mainly characterized by the fact that they comprise a higher concentration of active ingredients compared to a conventional cleaning composition, and a problem which is typically encountered when formulating concentrated cleaning compositions is therefore the physical stability of such compositions. Indeed, because such compositions comprise a high amount of active ingredients in a limited amount of water, stability problems appear which lead, if not solved, to compositions which separate into several phases. This phenomenon affects the performance of the composition and is visually noticeable, thereby rendering such formulations unfit for commercialization.
• EP 316 726 discloses concentrated compositions in the form of microemulsions which comprise water, perfume, a surfactant and a so-called co-surfactant.
• the co-surfactant is said to reduce the interfacial tension at interfaces between dispersed and continuous phases of an emulsion of said surfactant, thereby creating a stable microemulsion.
• the so-called co-surfactants in the '726 publication are listed as specific glycol ethers, which are traditionally regarded as solvents in this field, or specific carboxylic acids.
• the co-surfactants in the '726 publication do not appear to participate to the overall cleaning performance of the product.
• compositions comprising at least one short chain surfactant, i.e. with a hydrophobic group consisting of a C6-C10 alkyl chain, said compositions not being in the form of microemulsions.
• Said short chain surfactants provide stability to the compositions herein and, in the same time, significantly boost the overall cleaning performance, especially grease cleaning, both in neat and dilute usage.
• compositions herein are stable clear concentrated cleaning compositions comprising from 10 % to 80 % by weight of the total composition of water and at least one short chain surfactant comprising a C6-C10 alkyl chain as its hydrophobic portion.
• the compositions herein are preferably not in the form of microemulsions.
• compositions of the present invention are concentrated aqueous compositions.
• concentrated it is meant herein that the compositions comprise from 10 % to 90 % by weight of the total composition of water, preferably from 15 % to 75 %, most preferably from 30 % to 80 %.
• compositions according to the present invention are clear and stable.
• clear and stable it is meant herein that the compositions of the present invention are macroscopically substantially transparent, in the absence of any opacifier, and that said compositions do not macroscopically separate into separate phases during at least 1 month, at temperatures ranging from 4°C to 50°C, upon standing.
• compositions according to the present invention further comprise at least one short chain surfactant, or mixtures thereof.
• All surfactants have in common that they comprise a hydrophobic portion and a hydrophilic portion.
• short chain surfactant it is meant herein surfactants which comprise a C6-C10 alkyl chain as their hydrophobic portion.
• Such short chain surfactants are accordingly those conventionally used in this field, but with a shorter alkyl chain, and can be of any type.
• suitable short chain surfactants for use herein include C6-C10 alkyl sulfates (C6-C10SO4), alkyl ether sulfates (C6-C10(OCH2CH2)eSO4), alkyl sulfonates (C6-C10SO3), alkyl succinates (C6-C10OOCCH2CH2COOZ), alkyl carboxylates (C6-C10COOM), alkyl ether carboxylates (C6-C10(OCH2CH2) e COOM), alkyl sarcosinates (C6-C10CON(CH3)R), alkyl sulfo succinates (C6-C10OOCCH(SO3M)CH2COOZ), amine oxides (C6-C10RR'NO), glucose amides (C6-C10CONR''X), alkyl pyrrolidones (C6-C10(C4H6ON), alkylpolylenes
• e and p are independently from 0 to 20 and e+p>0
• Z is M or R
• M is H or any counterion such as those known in the art, including Na, K, Li, NH4, amine
• X is a polyhydroxyhydrocarbyl having a linear hydrocarbyl chain with at least 3 hydroxyls directly connected to the chain, or an alkoxylated derivative thereof
• R, R and R''' are C1-C5 alkyl groups, possibly functionalized with hydroxyl groups
• R and R' are preferably C1-C3, most preferably methyl
• R'' is preferably 2-hydroxyethyl or 2 hydroxypropyl
• G is a saccharide, preferably glucose, and g is of from 1.5 to 8.
• compositions according to the present invention may comprise any of the above surfactants alone, or any combination thereof, depending on the end use envisioned.
• Preferred short chain nonionic surfactants for use herein are alkyl alkoxylates according to the formula C6-C10(OCH2CH2) e (OCH2CH2CH2) p OH, where e and p representing respectively the degree of ethoxylation and propoxylation, are independently of from 0 to 20, and that e+p>0 .
• Most preferred short chain nonionic surfactants for use herein are those where e and p are such that e+p is from 3 to 10, particularly those where p is 0 and e is from 3 to 8.
• most preferred short chain nonionic surfactants for use herein are those where said short chain is a hydrocarbon chain comprising from 7 to 10 carbon atoms.
• Said preferred short chain nonionic surfactants for use herein can be manufactured by the processes well known to the man skilled in the art, such as condensation of the corresponding alcohol and alkylene oxide, but such short chain surfactants are more conveniently commercially available for instance from Sidobre under the trade name Mergital @ C4 (C8EO4), from Kolb under the trade names Imbentin @ AG/810/050 and AG/810/080 (respectively C8-10EO5 and C8-10EO8).
• Preferred short chain anionic surfactants for use herein are C6-C10 alkyl sulfates (C6-C10SO4) and alkyl sulfonates (C6-C10SO3). Most preferred are the C6-C8 alkyl sulfates and sulfonates.
• the alkyl sulfonates can provide products with less filming/streaking, as demonstrated hereinafter, as compared to other anionics such as alkyl sulfates.
• Such short chain anionic surfactants can be made by well known sulphation or sulphonation processes followed by neutralization, but said anionic short chain surfactants are more conveniently commercially available, for instance from Rhone Poulenc under the trade name Phodapon @ OLS, or from Witco under the trade name Witconate @ .
• compositions according to the present invention may comprise from 0.1 % to 50 % by weight of the total composition, preferably from 1% to 40%, most preferably from 1.5% to 30% of said short chain surfactants. It has been found that said short chain surfactants allowed the formulation of concentrated compositions without the need for any stabilizing systems, or certain formulation type such as microemulsions. Said short chain surfactants are also particularly effective in cleaning, especially grease cleaning.
• compositions according to the present invention may comprise short chain surfactants only, or combinations of short chain surfactants with conventional longer chain surfactants.
• suitable long chain surfactants for use herein include those listed herein above in the description of short chain surfactants, but with a longer alkyl chain, of from C11-C24.
• Preferred long chain surfactants for use herein are long chain alkyl sulfonates, e.g. paraffin sulfonates and alkyl ethoxylates, and mixtures thereof.
• short chain anionic surfactants are used, it is preferred to observe a minimum weight ratio of short chain anionic surfactant to longer chain surfactant of 1:10. If short chain nonionic surfactants are used, it is preferred to observe a minimum weight ratio of short chain nonionic to longer chain surfactant of 1:5.
• compositions herein may further comprise a variety of other optional ingredients including builders, alkanolamines, pH adjusting agents, perfumes, dyes, bleaches, enzymes and the like.
• an alkalinity source it is desirable that the potassium cation be used, E.g., when potassium carbonate is used instead of sodium carbonate, as demonstrated hereinafter, there is less filming/streaking.
• potassium carbonate comprises potassium bicarbonate.
• a suds suppressing system in the compositions herein.
• Said suds suppressing system can advantageously be a mixture of 2-alkyl alkanols as described for instance in DE 40 21 265, or mixtures thereof, with a C8 to C22 fatty acid, or mixtures thereof.
• Such a system is particularly advantageous as both ingredients appear to act in synergy. Thus even a very low amount of said system is enough to control suds efficiently. Accordingly, said system is present in amounts of from 0.1% to 5% by weight of the total composition, preferably 0.5% to 3%.
• compositions herein do not require the presence of a stabilizing compound.
• stabilizing compound it is meant herein a compound whose sole function is to enhance the physical stability of the composition.
• Such compounds are typically xylene or toluene sulphonate salts, and glycol ethers, including ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether, tripropylene glycol methyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether and other various solvents such as ethanol and butanol. Accordingly, the compositions of the present invention are preferably substantially free of such stabilizing compounds.
• the present invention further encompasses a method of cleaning a hard surface which comprises the steps of diluting a composition according to the preceding claims in water, then applying it to said hard surface.
• a method of cleaning a hard surface which comprises the steps of diluting a composition according to the preceding claims in water, then applying it to said hard surface.
• the compositions herein may be used both neat and diluted from 10 to 500 times.
• compositions contain: (1) from 5% to 30% of short chain surfactant, preferably a mixture of (a) short chain nonionic surfactant having the formula C6 ⁇ 10(EO) c (PO) p OH wherein EO is an ethoxy moiety, PO is a propoxy moiety with each c and p being from 0-20, preferably from 3 to 10, more preferably c being from 3 to 8 and p being 0 and (b) C6 ⁇ 10 alkyl sulfonate, (2) optional, but preferred, long chain nonionic surfactant, preferably nonionic C12 ⁇ 16 (EO) n , preferably a mixture of nonionic surfactants in which one has an n of from about 2 to about 10 and the other has an n of from about 20 to about 60; (3) optional hydrophobic cleaning solvent, preferably C2 ⁇ 6(EO) x (PO) y OH wherein x and y are each from 0 to about 2, and more preferably C4(EO)2OH;
• compositions are made by mixing the listed ingredients in the listed proportions.
• I II III IV C13/15 alkyl ethoxylate EO3 3 - 3 - C12/15 alkyl ethoxylate EO30 5 5 - - C8 alkyl sulfate - 10 10 - C8 alkyl sulfonate - - - 20 C8 alkyl ethoxylate EO6 - 9 - - C8/10 alkyl ethoxylate EO5 - - - 20
• compositions were evaluated for their physical stability at 4°C, at room temperature (20°C), and at 50°C.
• Composition I which is not within the invention, was a gel at 4°C, and an emulsion at room temperature and at 50°C. All other compositions, within the invention, were clear transparent liquids in the same conditions.
• compositions were made by mixing the listed ingredients in the listed proportions.
• Example No.: 1 2 3 Ingredient Wt% Wt% Wt% Sodium Octyl Sulfate 7.0 - - Sodium Octyl Sulfonate - 7.0 7.0 Alfonic R 810-65 10.0 10.0 10.0 (C8 ⁇ 10 EO6 average) Neodol R 23-3 4.0 4.0 4.0 (C12 ⁇ 13 EO3) Lutensol R AO-30 6.0 6.0 6.0 (C13 ⁇ 15 EO30) Sodium Carbonate - 2.0 - Potassium Carbonate 2.0 - 2.0 Palm Kernel Fatty Acid 0.4 0.4 0.4 2-Butyl Octanol 0.4 0.4 0.4 Hydrophobic Perfume* 1.5 1.5 1.5 Deionized Water and Minors q.s.
• Neodol is a trade name used by Shell Chemical Co.
• Lutensol is a trade name used by BASF Corp. *Hydrophobic perfume consists of terpenes, terpene alcohols, and other perfume materials which are typically insoluble in water.
• Example No.: 4 5 Ingredient Wt% Wt% Sodium Octyl Sulfonate 7.0 7.0 Alfonic R 810-65 (C8 ⁇ 10 EO6 average) 10.0 10.0 Neodol R 23-3 (C12 ⁇ 13 EO3) 4.0 4.0 Lutensol R AO-30 (C13 ⁇ 15 EO30) 6.0 6.0 Diethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether 3.0 - Potassium Carbonate 2.0 2.0 Palm Kernel Fatty Acid 0.4 0.6 2-Butyl Octanol 0.4 - Hydrophobic Perfume* 1.5 1.5 Deionized Water and Minors q.s. q.s.
• pH 10.5 10.5 Alfonic is a trade name used by Vista Chemical.
• Neodol is a trade name used by Shell Chemical Co.
• Lutensol is a trade name used by BASF Corp.
• *Hydrophobic perfume consists of terpenes, terpene alcohols, and other perfume materials which are typically insoluble in water. Filming/Streaking data were obtained on the above Examples.
• the LSD for this test was 0.2 at the 95% Confidence Interval, therefore the Filming/Streaking mean values achieved for each formula are statistically distinct from one another.
• the superior Filming/Streaking result was achieved through a combination of both the octyl sulfonate (3 vs 1) and the potassium carbonate (3 vs 2).

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Citations (15)

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• 1993
  • 1993-11-16 EP EP93870215A patent/EP0616027A1/en not_active Withdrawn
• 1994
  • 1994-03-14 CA CA002158543A patent/CA2158543C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1994-03-14 CN CN94192049A patent/CN1044717C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1994-03-14 NZ NZ26339494A patent/NZ263394A/en unknown
  • 1994-03-14 AU AU64074/94A patent/AU695680B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1994-03-14 JP JP6521161A patent/JPH08508766A/ja active Pending
  • 1994-03-14 WO PCT/US1994/002748 patent/WO1994021768A1/en active Application Filing
  • 1994-03-14 BR BR9406015A patent/BR9406015A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
• 1995
  • 1995-09-06 NO NO953503A patent/NO953503L/no unknown
  • 1995-09-18 FI FI954397A patent/FI954397A0/fi unknown

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