WO1994021768A1 - Concentrated cleaning compositions - Google Patents

Concentrated cleaning compositions Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994021768A1
WO1994021768A1 PCT/US1994/002748 US9402748W WO9421768A1 WO 1994021768 A1 WO1994021768 A1 WO 1994021768A1 US 9402748 W US9402748 W US 9402748W WO 9421768 A1 WO9421768 A1 WO 9421768A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
surfactant
composition according
short chain
alkyl
composition
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1994/002748
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Marc François Théophile EVERS
Vincent Reniers
Peter Rosalia Joannes Geboes
Massimo Morini
Louise Gail Scott
Daniel Wayne Michael
Nicola John Policicchio
Original Assignee
The Procter & Gamble Company
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from EP93870050A external-priority patent/EP0616028A1/en
Application filed by The Procter & Gamble Company filed Critical The Procter & Gamble Company
Priority to US08/522,354 priority Critical patent/US5707948A/en
Priority to JP6521161A priority patent/JPH08508766A/en
Priority to BR9406015A priority patent/BR9406015A/en
Priority to AU64074/94A priority patent/AU695680B2/en
Priority to CA002158543A priority patent/CA2158543C/en
Publication of WO1994021768A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994021768A1/en
Priority to NO953503A priority patent/NO953503D0/en
Priority to FI954397A priority patent/FI954397A/en

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16Organic compounds
    • C11D3/20Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D3/2075Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
    • C11D3/2079Monocarboxylic acids-salts thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/14Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
    • C11D1/143Sulfonic acid esters
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/14Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
    • C11D1/146Sulfuric acid esters
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/72Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/722Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols having mixed oxyalkylene groups; Polyalkoxylated fatty alcohols or polyalkoxylated alkylaryl alcohols with mixed oxyalkylele groups
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/825Mixtures of compounds all of which are non-ionic
    • C11D1/8255Mixtures of compounds all of which are non-ionic containing a combination of compounds differently alcoxylised or with differently alkylated chains
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/83Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/83Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
    • C11D1/831Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds of sulfonates with ethers of polyoxyalkylenes without phosphates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/02Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
    • C11D3/04Water-soluble compounds
    • C11D3/10Carbonates ; Bicarbonates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16Organic compounds
    • C11D3/20Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D3/2068Ethers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to concentrated cleaning compositions. Although the present invention relates primarily to cleaning compositions for hard surfaces, it may also be of interest for other cleaning compositions including dishwashing and laundry detergent compositions.
  • Concentrated cleaning compositions are well known in the art. Concentrated compositions are mainly characterized by the fact that they comprise a higher concentration of active ingredients compared to a conventional cleaning composition, and a problem which is typically encountered
  • SUBSTITUTESHEET(RULE261 when formulating concentrated cleaning compositions is therefore the physical stability of such compositions. Indeed, because such compositions comprise a high amount of active ingredients in a limited amount of water, stability problems appear which lead, if not solved, to compositions which separate into several phases. This phenomenon affects the performance of the composition and is visually noticeable, thereby rendering such formulations unfit for commercialization.
  • EP 316 726 discloses concentrated compositions in the form of microemulsions which comprise water, perfume, a surfactant and a so-called co-surfactant.
  • the co-surfactant is said to reduce the interfacial tension at interfaces between dispersed and continuous phases of an emulsion of said surfactant, thereby creating a stable microemulsion.
  • the so-called co-surfactants in the '726 publication are listed as specific glycol ethers, which are traditionally regarded as solvents in this field, or specific carboxylic acids.
  • the co-surfactants in the '726 publication do not appear to participate to the overall cleaning performance of the product.
  • compositions comprising at least one short chain surfactant, i.e. with a hydrophobic group consisting of a alkyl chain, said compositions not being in the form of microemulsions.
  • Said short chain surfactants provide stability to the compositions herein and, in the same time, significantly boost the overall cleaning performance, especially grease cleaning, both in neat and dilute usage.
  • compositions herein are stable clear concentrated cleaning compositions comprising from 10 % to 80 % by weight of the total composition of water and at least one short chain surfactant comprising a Cg-C-j_o alkyl chain as its hydrophobic portion.
  • the compositions herein are preferably not in the form of microemulsions.
  • compositions of the present invention are concentrated aqueous compositions.
  • concentrated it is meant herein that the compositions comprise from 10 % to 90 % by weight of the total composition of water, preferably from 15 % to 75 %, most preferably from 30 % to 80 %.
  • compositions according to the present invention are clear and stable.
  • clear and stable it is meant herein that the compositions of the present invention are macroscopically substantially transparent, in the absence of any opacifier, and that said compositions do not macroscopically separate into separate phases during at least 1 month, at temperatures ranging from 4°C to 50°C, upon standing.
  • compositions according to the present invention further comprise at least one short chain surfactant, or mixtures thereof.
  • All surfactants have in common that they comprise a hydrophobic portion and a hydrophilic portion.
  • short chain surfactant it is meant herein surfactants which comprise a Cg-C-*_o alkyl chain as their hydrophobic portion.
  • Such short chain surfactants are accordingly those conventionally used in this field, but with a shorter alkyl chain, and can be of any type.
  • suitable short chain surfactants for use herein include c 6 ⁇ ClO alkyl sulfates (C -C ⁇ oSO.
  • alkyl ether sulfates Cg- C10(OCH2CH2)eSO-j) , alkyl sulfonates (C -C*]_oS ⁇ 3) , alkyl succinates (Cg-Ci ⁇ OOCCI ⁇ CI ⁇ COOZ) , alkyl carboxylates (Cg- CIQ OOM) , alkyl ether carboxylates (Cg-C ⁇ _o (OCH2CH2) e COOM) , alkyl sarcosinates (C -C ⁇ oCON(CH3)R) , alkyl sulfo succinates (C -C ⁇ oO°CCH(SO3M)CH2COOZ) , amine oxides (Cg- CIQRR'NO), glucose amides (Cg-CioCONR' 'X) , alkyl pyrrolidones (Cg-Cio ( c 4 H 6 ON ) ' alkylpol
  • e and p are independently from 0 to 20 and e+p>0
  • Z is M or R
  • M is H or any counterion such as those known in the art, including Na, K, Li, NH4, amine
  • X is a polyhydroxyhydrocarbyl having a linear hydrocarbyl chain with at least 3 hydroxyls directly connected to the chain, or an alkoxylated derivative thereof
  • R, R and R' ' ' are C ⁇ _- C5 alkyl groups, possibly functionalized with hydroxyl groups
  • R and R' are preferably C1-C 3 , most preferably methyl
  • R' ' is preferably 2-hydroxyethyl or 2 hydroxypropyl
  • G is a saccharide, preferably glucose, and g is of from 1.5 to 8.
  • compositions according to the present invention may comprise any of the above surfactants alone, or any combination thereof, depending on the end use envisioned.
  • Preferred short chain nonionic surfactants for use herein are alkyl alkoxylates according to the formula Cg- Cio (OCH2CH2) e (OC H 2 CH 2 H 2)p OH ' where e and p representing respectively the degree of ethoxylation and propoxylation, are independently of from 0 to 20, and that e+p>0.
  • Most preferred short chain nonionic surfactants for use herein are those where e and p are such that e+p is from 3 to 10, particularly those where p is 0 and e is from 3 to 8.
  • most preferred short chain nonionic surfactants for use herein are those where said short chain is a hydrocarbon chain comprising from 7 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • Said preferred short chain nonionic surfactants for use herein can be manufactured by the processes well known to the man skilled in the art, such as condensation of the corresponding alcohol and alkylene oxide, but such short chain surfactants are more conveniently commercially available for instance from Sidobre under the trade name Mergital @ C4 (C8E04), from Kolb under the trade names Imbentin @ AG/810/050 and AG/810/080 (respectively C8-10EO5 and C8-10EO8) •
  • Preferred short chain anionic surfactants for use herein are Cg-C o alkyl sulfates (Cg-C ⁇ o s °4) and alkyl sulfonates
  • Cg-C ⁇ o so 3 Most preferred are the C6-C8 alkyl sulfates and sulfonates.
  • the alkyl sulfonates can provide products with less filming/streaking, as demonstrated hereinafter, as compared to other anionics such as alkyl sulfates.
  • Such short chain anionic surfactants can be made by well known sulphation or sulphonation processes followed by neutralization, but said anionic short chain surfactants are more conveniently commercially available, for instance from Rhone Poulenc under the trade name Rhodapon @ OLS, or from Witco under the trade name Witconate @ .
  • compositions according to the present invention may comprise from 0.1 % to 50 % by weight of the total composition, preferably from 1% to 40%, most preferably from 1.5% to 30% of said short chain surfactants. It has been found that said short chain surfactants allowed the formulation of concentrated compositions without the need for any stabilizing systems, or certain formulation type such as microemulsions. Said short chain surfactants are also particularly effective in cleaning, especially grease cleaning.
  • compositions according to the present invention may comprise short chain surfactants only, or combinations of short chain surfactants with conventional longer chain surfactants.
  • suitable long chain surfactants for use herein include those listed herein above in the description of short chain surfactants, but with a longer alkyl chain, of from C11-C24.
  • Preferred long chain surfactants for use herein are long chain alkyl sulfonates, e.g. paraffin sulfonates and alkyl ethoxylates, and mixtures thereof.
  • short chain anionic surfactants are used, it is preferred to observe a minimum weight ratio of short chain anionic surfactant to longer chain surfactant of 1:10. If short chain nonionic surfactants are used, it is preferred to observe a minimum weight ratio of short chain nonionic to longer chain surfactant of 1:5.
  • compositions herein may further comprise a variety of other optional ingredients including builders, alkanolamines, pH adjusting agents, perfumes, dyes, bleaches, enzymes and the like.
  • an alkalinity source it is desirable that the potassium cation be used, E.g., when potassium carbonate is used instead of sodium carbonate, as demonstrated hereinafter, there is less filming/streaking.
  • potassium carbonate comprises potassium bicarbonate.
  • a suds suppressing system in the compositions herein.
  • Said suds suppressing system can advantageously be a mixture of 2- alkyl alkanols as described for instance in DE 40 21 265, or mixtures thereof, with a Cg to C22 fatty acid, or mixtures thereof.
  • Such a system is particularly advantageous as both ingredients appear to act in synergy. Thus even a very low amount of said system is enough to control suds efficiently. Accordingly, said system is present in amounts of from 0.1% to 5% by weight of the total composition, preferably 0.5% to 3%.
  • compositions herein do not require the presence of a stabilizing compound.
  • stabilizing compound it is meant herein a compound whose sole function is to enhance the physical stability of the composition.
  • Such compounds are typically xylene or toluene sulphonate salts, and glycol ethers, including ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether, tripropylene glycol methyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether and other various solvents such as ethanol and butanol. Accordingly, the compositions of the present invention are preferably substantially free of such stabilizing compounds.
  • the present invention further encompasses a method of cleaning a hard surface which comprises the steps of diluting a composition according to the preceding claims in water, then applying it to said hard surface.
  • a method of cleaning a hard surface which comprises the steps of diluting a composition according to the preceding claims in water, then applying it to said hard surface.
  • the compositions herein may be used both neat and diluted from 10 to 500 times.
  • compositions contain: (1) from 5% to 30% of short chain surfactant, preferably a mixture of (a) short chain nonionic surfactant having the formula Cg_ 10 (EO) c (PO)pOH wherein EO is an ethoxy moiety, PO is a propoxy moiety with each c and p being from 0-20, preferably from 3 to 10, more preferably c being from 3 to 8 and p being 0 and (b) Cg_*]_o alkyl sulfonate, (2) optional, but preferred, long chain nonionic surfactant, preferably nonionic C- ⁇ _2- ⁇ g (EO) n , preferably a mixture of nonionic surfactants in which one has an n of from about 2 to about 10 and the other has an n of from about 20 to about 60; (3) optional hydrophobic cleaning solvent, preferably C2-g(EO) x (PO)yOH wherein x and y are each from 0 to about 2, and more preferably C4 (EO)2OH
  • compositions are made by mixing the listed ingredients in the listed proportions. II III IV
  • Citric acid 3 3 1 Citric acid 3 3 1
  • compositions were evaluated for their physical stability at 4°C, at room temperature (20°C) , and at 50°C.
  • Composition I which is not within the invention, was a gel at 4°C, and an emulsion at room temperature and at 50°C. All other compositions, within the invention, were clear transparent liquids in the same conditions.
  • compositions were made by mixing the listed ingredients in the listed proportions.
  • Neodol is a trade name used by Shell Chemical Co
  • Lutensol is a trade name used by BASF Corp.
  • Example No. : 4 5 Ingredient wt-i Wt%
  • Neodol is a trade name used by Shell Chemical Co
  • Lutensol is a trade name used by BASF Corp.
  • Hydrophobic perfume consists of terpenes, terpene alcohols, and other perfume materials which are typically insoluble in water.
  • Test products - these are diluted with heated tap water that has been adjusted to a hardness of 7 grains and maintained at 110°F. Dilution is 1 part test product:128 parts water.
  • Tiles are air dried in air with 52% relative humidity at room temperature (about 24°C) for approximately one hour.
  • Grades are averages for each product.
  • the LSD for this test was 0.2 at the 95% Confidence Interval, therefore the Filming/Streaking mean values achieved for each formula are statistically distinct from one another.
  • the superior Filming/Streaking result was achieved through a combination of both the octyl sulfonate (3 vs 1) and the potassium carbonate (3 vs 2) .

Abstract

Stable and clear concentrated cleaning compositions are disclosed which comprise at least one short chain surfactant. The short chain surfactants allow for the formulation of stable compositions without the need for additional stabilizers, and the short chain surfactants are effective in cleaning, especially greasy cleaning.

Description

CONCENTRATED CLEANING COMPOSITIONS
Technical Field
The present invention relates to concentrated cleaning compositions. Although the present invention relates primarily to cleaning compositions for hard surfaces, it may also be of interest for other cleaning compositions including dishwashing and laundry detergent compositions.
Background of the Invention
Concentrated cleaning compositions are well known in the art. Concentrated compositions are mainly characterized by the fact that they comprise a higher concentration of active ingredients compared to a conventional cleaning composition, and a problem which is typically encountered
SUBSTITUTESHEET(RULE261 when formulating concentrated cleaning compositions is therefore the physical stability of such compositions. Indeed, because such compositions comprise a high amount of active ingredients in a limited amount of water, stability problems appear which lead, if not solved, to compositions which separate into several phases. This phenomenon affects the performance of the composition and is visually noticeable, thereby rendering such formulations unfit for commercialization.
Various solutions have been proposed to .solve this problem which typically involve the use of specific stabilizing ingredients, or hydrotropes. Such ingredients have the sole function of stabilizing the composition. They thus increase the cost of formulating such compositions without providing any cleaning performance benefits, and they furthermore require to free up parts in the formulation which could otherwise be used to formulate more actives.
For instance, EP 316 726 discloses concentrated compositions in the form of microemulsions which comprise water, perfume, a surfactant and a so-called co-surfactant. The co-surfactant is said to reduce the interfacial tension at interfaces between dispersed and continuous phases of an emulsion of said surfactant, thereby creating a stable microemulsion. The so-called co-surfactants in the '726 publication are listed as specific glycol ethers, which are traditionally regarded as solvents in this field, or specific carboxylic acids. The co-surfactants in the '726 publication do not appear to participate to the overall cleaning performance of the product.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to formulate a stable concentrated cleaning composition without using ingredients which are provided for the sole purpose of providing stability to the compositions herein, but which also participate significantly to the cleaning performance of said compositions.
It has now been found that this object can be met by formulating a concentrated aqueous compositions comprising at least one short chain surfactant, i.e. with a hydrophobic group consisting of a
Figure imgf000005_0001
alkyl chain, said compositions not being in the form of microemulsions. Said short chain surfactants provide stability to the compositions herein and, in the same time, significantly boost the overall cleaning performance, especially grease cleaning, both in neat and dilute usage.
Summary of the Invention
The compositions herein are stable clear concentrated cleaning compositions comprising from 10 % to 80 % by weight of the total composition of water and at least one short chain surfactant comprising a Cg-C-j_o alkyl chain as its hydrophobic portion. The compositions herein are preferably not in the form of microemulsions.
Detailed Description of the Invention
The compositions of the present invention are concentrated aqueous compositions. By concentrated, it is meant herein that the compositions comprise from 10 % to 90 % by weight of the total composition of water, preferably from 15 % to 75 %, most preferably from 30 % to 80 %.
The compositions according to the present invention are clear and stable. By clear and stable, it is meant herein that the compositions of the present invention are macroscopically substantially transparent, in the absence of any opacifier, and that said compositions do not macroscopically separate into separate phases during at least 1 month, at temperatures ranging from 4°C to 50°C, upon standing.
The compositions according to the present invention further comprise at least one short chain surfactant, or mixtures thereof. All surfactants have in common that they comprise a hydrophobic portion and a hydrophilic portion. By short chain surfactant, it is meant herein surfactants which comprise a Cg-C-*_o alkyl chain as their hydrophobic portion. Such short chain surfactants are accordingly those conventionally used in this field, but with a shorter alkyl chain, and can be of any type. Accordingly, suitable short chain surfactants for use herein include c6~ClO alkyl sulfates (C -CιoSO. ) , alkyl ether sulfates (Cg- C10(OCH2CH2)eSO-j) , alkyl sulfonates (C -C*]_oSθ3) , alkyl succinates (Cg-CiøOOCCI^CI^COOZ) , alkyl carboxylates (Cg- CIQ OOM) , alkyl ether carboxylates (Cg-Cι_o (OCH2CH2) eCOOM) , alkyl sarcosinates (C -CιoCON(CH3)R) , alkyl sulfo succinates (C -CιoO°CCH(SO3M)CH2COOZ) , amine oxides (Cg- CIQRR'NO), glucose amides (Cg-CioCONR' 'X) , alkyl pyrrolidones (Cg-Cio (c4H6ON) ' alkylpolysaccharides (Cg- c10OGg) ' alkyl alkoxylates (Cg_
C10(OCH2CH2)e(OCH2CH2CH2)pOH) and betaines (Cg- ιoN+ (CH3)2 H2COO-) . In the formulae in brackets, e and p are independently from 0 to 20 and e+p>0, Z is M or R, M is H or any counterion such as those known in the art, including Na, K, Li, NH4, amine, X is a polyhydroxyhydrocarbyl having a linear hydrocarbyl chain with at least 3 hydroxyls directly connected to the chain, or an alkoxylated derivative thereof, R, R and R' ' ' are Cι_- C5 alkyl groups, possibly functionalized with hydroxyl groups, R and R' are preferably C1-C3, most preferably methyl, R' ' is preferably 2-hydroxyethyl or 2 hydroxypropyl, G is a saccharide, preferably glucose, and g is of from 1.5 to 8. All these surfactants are well known in the art. A more complete disclosure of conventional glucose amides can be found for instance in WO 92-06154 and a more complete disclosure of conventional alkyl polysaccharides can be found for instance in US 4,536,319. The compositions according to the present invention may comprise any of the above surfactants alone, or any combination thereof, depending on the end use envisioned.
Preferred short chain nonionic surfactants for use herein are alkyl alkoxylates according to the formula Cg- Cio (OCH2CH2)e (OCH2CH2 H2)pOH' where e and p representing respectively the degree of ethoxylation and propoxylation, are independently of from 0 to 20, and that e+p>0. Most preferred short chain nonionic surfactants for use herein are those where e and p are such that e+p is from 3 to 10, particularly those where p is 0 and e is from 3 to 8. Also, most preferred short chain nonionic surfactants for use herein are those where said short chain is a hydrocarbon chain comprising from 7 to 10 carbon atoms. Said preferred short chain nonionic surfactants for use herein can be manufactured by the processes well known to the man skilled in the art, such as condensation of the corresponding alcohol and alkylene oxide, but such short chain surfactants are more conveniently commercially available for instance from Sidobre under the trade name Mergital@C4 (C8E04), from Kolb under the trade names Imbentin@ AG/810/050 and AG/810/080 (respectively C8-10EO5 and C8-10EO8) •
Preferred short chain anionic surfactants for use herein are Cg-C o alkyl sulfates (Cg-Cιos°4) and alkyl sulfonates
(Cg-Cιoso3) • Most preferred are the C6-C8 alkyl sulfates and sulfonates. The alkyl sulfonates can provide products with less filming/streaking, as demonstrated hereinafter, as compared to other anionics such as alkyl sulfates. Such short chain anionic surfactants can be made by well known sulphation or sulphonation processes followed by neutralization, but said anionic short chain surfactants are more conveniently commercially available, for instance from Rhone Poulenc under the trade name Rhodapon@ OLS, or from Witco under the trade name Witconate@.
The compositions according to the present invention may comprise from 0.1 % to 50 % by weight of the total composition, preferably from 1% to 40%, most preferably from 1.5% to 30% of said short chain surfactants. It has been found that said short chain surfactants allowed the formulation of concentrated compositions without the need for any stabilizing systems, or certain formulation type such as microemulsions. Said short chain surfactants are also particularly effective in cleaning, especially grease cleaning.
The compositions according to the present invention may comprise short chain surfactants only, or combinations of short chain surfactants with conventional longer chain surfactants. Accordingly, suitable long chain surfactants for use herein include those listed herein above in the description of short chain surfactants, but with a longer alkyl chain, of from C11-C24. Preferred long chain surfactants for use herein are long chain alkyl sulfonates, e.g. paraffin sulfonates and alkyl ethoxylates, and mixtures thereof.
If combinations of short chain and long chains are used, it is preferred to observe certain ratios: if short chain anionic surfactants are used, it is preferred to observe a minimum weight ratio of short chain anionic surfactant to longer chain surfactant of 1:10. If short chain nonionic surfactants are used, it is preferred to observe a minimum weight ratio of short chain nonionic to longer chain surfactant of 1:5.
Depending on the end use envisioned, the compositions herein may further comprise a variety of other optional ingredients including builders, alkanolamines, pH adjusting agents, perfumes, dyes, bleaches, enzymes and the like. When an alkalinity source is present, it is desirable that the potassium cation be used, E.g., when potassium carbonate is used instead of sodium carbonate, as demonstrated hereinafter, there is less filming/streaking. As used herein, potassium carbonate comprises potassium bicarbonate.
In some instances, it may be appropriate to include a suds suppressing system in the compositions herein. Said suds suppressing system can advantageously be a mixture of 2- alkyl alkanols as described for instance in DE 40 21 265, or mixtures thereof, with a Cg to C22 fatty acid, or mixtures thereof. Such a system is particularly advantageous as both ingredients appear to act in synergy. Thus even a very low amount of said system is enough to control suds efficiently. Accordingly, said system is present in amounts of from 0.1% to 5% by weight of the total composition, preferably 0.5% to 3%.
The compositions herein do not require the presence of a stabilizing compound. By stabilizing compound, it is meant herein a compound whose sole function is to enhance the physical stability of the composition. Such compounds are typically xylene or toluene sulphonate salts, and glycol ethers, including ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether, tripropylene glycol methyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether and other various solvents such as ethanol and butanol. Accordingly, the compositions of the present invention are preferably substantially free of such stabilizing compounds.
The present invention further encompasses a method of cleaning a hard surface which comprises the steps of diluting a composition according to the preceding claims in water, then applying it to said hard surface. Depending on the exact formulation, the compositions herein may be used both neat and diluted from 10 to 500 times.
Particularly preferred compositions contain: (1) from 5% to 30% of short chain surfactant, preferably a mixture of (a) short chain nonionic surfactant having the formula Cg_ 10 (EO)c(PO)pOH wherein EO is an ethoxy moiety, PO is a propoxy moiety with each c and p being from 0-20, preferably from 3 to 10, more preferably c being from 3 to 8 and p being 0 and (b) Cg_*]_o alkyl sulfonate, (2) optional, but preferred, long chain nonionic surfactant, preferably nonionic C-ι_2-ιg (EO)n, preferably a mixture of nonionic surfactants in which one has an n of from about 2 to about 10 and the other has an n of from about 20 to about 60; (3) optional hydrophobic cleaning solvent, preferably C2-g(EO)x(PO)yOH wherein x and y are each from 0 to about 2, and more preferably C4 (EO)2OH; (4) optional, but preferred, fatty acid suds suppressant at a level of from 0.1% to 1%, preferably from 0.2% to 0.8%; (5) optional, but preferred, 12-I8 fatty alcohol, more preferably branched chain fatty alcohols such as 2-butyl octanol and/or 2-hexyl decanol; and (6) optional, but preferred, alkalinity source, more preferably potassium carbonate. The balance of each composition is preferably an aqueous solvent system.
The present invention will be further illustrated by the following examples.
Examples
The following compositions are made by mixing the listed ingredients in the listed proportions. II III IV
c13/l5 alkyl ethoxylate EO3 3
C12 15 alkyl ethoxylate EO30 5 5
Cg alkyl sulfate 10 10
Cg alkyl sulfonate 20
Cg alkyl ethoxylate EOg
Cg/io alkyl ethoxylate EO5 20
Citric acid 3 3 1
Monoethanolamine 3 3 1
Triethanolamine 3
Water & minors —up to 100%-
All compositions were evaluated for their physical stability at 4°C, at room temperature (20°C) , and at 50°C. Composition I, which is not within the invention, was a gel at 4°C, and an emulsion at room temperature and at 50°C. All other compositions, within the invention, were clear transparent liquids in the same conditions.
Other compositions were made by mixing the listed ingredients in the listed proportions.
V VI VII VIII
C13/15 alkyl ethoxylate E03 4 3 1 C13/15 alkyl ethoxylate E07 - 3 5 C7-9 alkyl sulfate 7.5
C8 alkyl sulfate 10 C8 alkyl sulfonate 10 C7-9 alkyl ethoxylate E06 10 5 C8-10 alkyl ethoxylate E05 10 9 9 C13/15 alkyl ethoxylate EO30 6 4 5 Na Paraffin Sulfonate 5 Citric acid 3 Sodium carbonate - 3 -
2-hexyl decanol 1 0.6 1 -
Palm Kernel Fatty Acid 0.4 0.4 1 - Water & minors
The invention is illustrated by the following examples, All values in table are weight percentages.
Example No. : 1 2 3 Ingredient wt% Wt% Wt%
Sodium Octyl Sulfate 7.0
Sodium Octyl Sulfonate - 7.0 7.0 Alfonic R 810-65 10.0 10.0 10.0
(Cg_ιo EOg average)
Neodol R 23-3 4.0 4.0 4.0
(C12-i3 E03)
Lutensol R AO-30 6.0 6.0 6.0 (C13_15 EO30)
Sodium Carbonate - 2.0 -
Potassium Carbonate 2.0 - 2.0
Palm Kernel Fatty Acid 0.4 0.4 0.4
2-Butyl Octanol 0.4 0.4 0.4 Hydrophobic Perfume* 1.5 1.5 1.5
Deionized Water and Minors q.s. q.s. q.s.
PH 10.8 10.8 10.8
Alfonic is a trade name used by Vista Chemical. Neodol is a trade name used by Shell Chemical Co, Lutensol is a trade name used by BASF Corp.
*Hydrophobic perfume consists of terpenes, terpene alcohols, and other perfume materials which are typically insoluble in water. The invention is also illustrated by the following Examples. All values in table are weight percentages.
Example No. : 4 5 Ingredient wt-i Wt%
Sodium Octyl Sulfonate 7.0 7.0 Alfonic R 810-65 10.0 10.0 (C8-10 E06 average) Neodol R 23-3 4.0 4.0 (Ci2-13 E03)
Lutensol R AO-30 6.0 6.0
(Ci3_i5 EO30)
Diethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether 3.0 —
Potassium Carbonate 2.0 2.0 Palm Kernel Fatty Acid 0.4 0.6
2-Butyl Octanol 0.4 -
Hydrophobic Perfume* 1.5 1.5
Deionized Water and Minors q.s. q.S.
PH 10.5 10.5
Alfonic is a trade name used by Vista Chemical. Neodol is a trade name used by Shell Chemical Co, Lutensol is a trade name used by BASF Corp.
*Hydrophobic perfume consists of terpenes, terpene alcohols, and other perfume materials which are typically insoluble in water.
Filming/Streaking data were obtained on the above
Examples.
Filming/Streaking Test Method -Dilute (No Wax Floors)
Materials 1. Spontex cellulose sponges (cut to 2"x4"xl")
2. No wax floor tiles (12"xl2")
3. Test products - these are diluted with heated tap water that has been adjusted to a hardness of 7 grains and maintained at 110°F. Dilution is 1 part test product:128 parts water.
Procedure:
1. Clean the floor tiles with tap water using a sponge. Then rinse with distilled water and dry with paper towels. Apply a small amount of isopropyl alcohol to each tile and dry thoroughly.
2. Clean sponges of all factory preservatives and rinse well. Use the same sponge for the entire test, rinsing well between change of products. Soak the sponge in the product being tested.
3. Transfer 15 mis of the diluted test product into an inverted sponge carrier.
4. Squeeze out excess product from the sponge and dip the sponge evenly on the flat surface of the carrier, gently squeezing down to soak up the product into the sponge. Tare the sponge on a 2-place balance, product side up.
5. One tile is used per replicate. The sponge is wiped lighty over the tile surface by drawing an "M" pattern which covers the entire tile as much as possible. Then another "M" is drawn sideways. Place the sponge on the tared balance and record the amount of product applied to the tile.
Three replicates are used for each product tested. 7. Tiles are air dried in air with 52% relative humidity at room temperature (about 24°C) for approximately one hour.
8. Three expert graders grade the panels on the following scale system:
0 = no filming/streaking 6 = very poor filming/streaking
Grades are averages for each product.
Filming/Streaking Data
Formula No. Filming/Streaking Mean Grade
3 1.4
2 1.8
1 2.1
The LSD for this test was 0.2 at the 95% Confidence Interval, therefore the Filming/Streaking mean values achieved for each formula are statistically distinct from one another. The superior Filming/Streaking result was achieved through a combination of both the octyl sulfonate (3 vs 1) and the potassium carbonate (3 vs 2) .

Claims

What is claimed is:
1. A stable and clear concentrated cleaning composition comprising from 10 % to 80 % by weight of the total composition of water and at least one surfactant, characterized in that said surfactant is a short chain surfactant comprising a C6-C10 alkyl chain as its hydrophobic portion, and said composition is not in the form of a microemulsion.
2. A composition according to claim 1 wherein said short chain surfactant represents from 0.1 % to 50 % by weight of the total composition, preferably from 1 % to 40%, most preferably from 1.5% to 30%.
3. A composition according to the preceding claims wherein said short chain surfactant, or mixtures thereof is :
-a nonionic surfactant according to the formula Cg- C10(OCH2CH2)e(OCH2CH2CH2)pOH, where e and p representing respectively the degree of ethoxylation and propoxylation are independently of from 0 to 20, and that e+p>0; or
-an anionic surfactant according to the formula Cg- CIQS04 or C -CιoSθ3; or
-Mixtures thereof.
A composition according to claim 3 wherein e and p are such that e+p is from 3 to 10, preferably p is 0 and e is from 3 to 8.
5. A composition according to claim 3 wherein said anionic surfactant is Cg-C*j_oS04 or Cg-Cιoso3. 6. A composition according to any of the preceding claims which comprises from 30% to 70% by weight of the total composition of water.
7. A composition according to any of the preceding claims which further comprises a long chain surfactant comprising a C11-C24 alkyl chain in its hydrophobic portion.
8. A composition according to claim 7 which comprises an anionic short chain surfactant and the weight ratio of said short chain surfactant to said long chain surfactant is at least 1:10.
9. A composition according to claim 7 which comprises a nonionic short chain surfactant and the weight ratio of said short chain surfactant to said long chain surfactant is at least 1:5.
10.A composition according to claim 7-9 wherein said long chain surfactants are selected from long chain alkyl sulfonates and long chain alkyl ethoxylates, and mixtures thereof.
11.A composition according to any of the preceding claims which is substantially free of stabilizing compounds.
12.A composition according to any of the preceding claims which comprises from 0.1% to 5% by weight of the total composition, preferably 0.5% to 3% of a suds suppressing system, said suds suppressing system comprising a 2- alkyl alkanol, or mixtures thereof and a C8-C22 fatty acid, or mixtures thereof. 13. method of cleaning a hard surface which comprises the steps of diluting a composition according to the preceding claims in water, then applying it to said hard surface.
14. A composition according to any of the above claims containing, as an additional ingredient, from about 1% to about 4% potassium carbonate.
15.A composition according to any of the above claims wherein said short chain surfactant is Cg_*j_o alkyl sulfonate.
PCT/US1994/002748 1993-03-19 1994-03-14 Concentrated cleaning compositions WO1994021768A1 (en)

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US08/522,354 US5707948A (en) 1993-03-19 1994-03-14 Stable and clear concentrated cleaning compositions comprising at least one short chain surfactant
JP6521161A JPH08508766A (en) 1993-03-19 1994-03-14 Concentrated cleaning composition
BR9406015A BR9406015A (en) 1993-03-19 1994-03-14 Concentrated cleaning compositions
AU64074/94A AU695680B2 (en) 1993-03-19 1994-03-14 Concentrated cleaning compositions
CA002158543A CA2158543C (en) 1993-03-19 1994-03-14 Concentrated cleaning compositions
NO953503A NO953503D0 (en) 1993-03-19 1995-09-06 Concentrated cleaning mixtures
FI954397A FI954397A (en) 1993-03-19 1995-09-18 Concentrated cleaning compositions

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

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EP93870050A EP0616028A1 (en) 1993-03-19 1993-03-19 Cleaning compositions with short chain nonionic surfactants
EP93870126 1993-07-07
EP93870126.5 1993-11-16
EP93870215A EP0616027A1 (en) 1993-03-19 1993-11-16 Concentrated cleaning compositions
EP93870215.6 1993-11-16
EP93870050.7 1993-11-16

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WO1995019414A1 (en) * 1994-01-18 1995-07-20 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Rinsing agent for dishwashing machines
EP0703290A1 (en) * 1994-09-20 1996-03-27 The Procter & Gamble Company Hard surface cleaners for improved shine
US6046145A (en) * 1996-03-14 2000-04-04 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. Cleansing and moisturizing surfactant compositions
US7153493B2 (en) 1999-03-12 2006-12-26 Warner-Lambert Company Llc Clear oral compositions containing potassium salt

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EP1149945A1 (en) * 2000-04-29 2001-10-31 Ciba Spezialitätenchemie Pfersee GmbH Composition for the pretreatment of fibrous materials
US20050000031A1 (en) * 2003-06-27 2005-01-06 The Procter & Gamble Company Fabric article treating system
DE102004040847A1 (en) * 2004-08-23 2006-03-02 Henkel Kgaa Detergent with reduced residue behavior and faster drying
DE102005047462A1 (en) * 2005-09-30 2007-04-05 Basf Ag Chemical composition, useful for cleaning dirts e.g. tar, comprises an alcohol ethoxylate compound, a non-ionic surfactant, an anionic surfactant and a water insoluble solvent of e.g. terpenes
JP5774315B2 (en) * 2011-01-06 2015-09-09 花王株式会社 Dishwashing composition for hand washing
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EA031115B1 (en) * 2012-11-30 2018-11-30 Оти Гриинтех Груп Аг Industrial composition and use thereof for cleaning a hard surface
WO2014095793A1 (en) 2012-12-19 2014-06-26 Akzo Nobel Chemicals International B.V. The use of an ethoxylated alcohol as a hydrotrope for an alkylene oxide adduct of an alcohol
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WO1995019414A1 (en) * 1994-01-18 1995-07-20 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Rinsing agent for dishwashing machines
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CN1044717C (en) 1999-08-18
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CN1122610A (en) 1996-05-15
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NZ263394A (en) 1997-09-22
CA2158543A1 (en) 1995-09-29
CA2158543C (en) 1999-05-11
NO953503L (en) 1995-09-06
BR9406015A (en) 1995-12-19
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NO953503D0 (en) 1995-09-06
FI954397A (en) 1995-09-18
JPH08508766A (en) 1996-09-17

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