EP0594633B1 - Procede et dispositif pour la fabrication de rubans et de pieces composees en metal - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour la fabrication de rubans et de pieces composees en metal Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0594633B1
EP0594633B1 EP92910004A EP92910004A EP0594633B1 EP 0594633 B1 EP0594633 B1 EP 0594633B1 EP 92910004 A EP92910004 A EP 92910004A EP 92910004 A EP92910004 A EP 92910004A EP 0594633 B1 EP0594633 B1 EP 0594633B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metal
coolant
metal film
cooling
nozzle
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EP92910004A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0594633A1 (fr
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Heinrich K. Feichtinger
Derek H. Feichtinger
Markus O. Speidel
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/007—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of composite ingots, i.e. two or more molten metals of different compositions being used to integrally cast the ingots
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0611—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by a single casting wheel, e.g. for casting amorphous metal strips or wires
    • B22D11/062—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by a single casting wheel, e.g. for casting amorphous metal strips or wires the metal being cast on the inside surface of the casting wheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
    • B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing strips and composite bodies made of metal according to the preamble of claim 1 and an apparatus for performing the method.
  • the basis of all rapid solidification processes is the rapid removal of heat. This process is determined on the one hand by the thermal conductivity of the metal, on the other hand by the mechanism of heat transfer at the phase boundary to the heat-extracting medium.
  • the heat transfer characterized by the heat transfer coefficient
  • the heat transport in the metal which is characterized by the thermal conductivity coefficient
  • Examples of this are the gossip mold, where a drop of metal is suddenly formed into a film between two metal plates, the melt-spinning process, where a metal jet is usually applied to the outer surface of a rapidly rotating roller, which is continuously influenced by the acceleration and by the Heat removal from the roller used as a quenching body forms a thin metal film and certain powder atomization processes, where a metal jet is broken up into small drops under the influence of an atomization medium, which can be a gas or a liquid, which solidify in flight and are then fed to powder metallurgical compaction processes can be.
  • an atomization medium which can be a gas or a liquid, which solidify in flight and are then fed to powder metallurgical compaction processes can be.
  • the theoretical foundations of fast solidification processes are e.g. B. in a publication by R.
  • the process of spray compacting offers the possibility of producing larger cast structures, whereby semi-finished products can be produced in near-net-shape dimensions at higher cooling speeds. This is usually around 50 - 150 K above the liquidus temperature superheated melt usually atomized with the help of argon or nitrogen, similar to the case with powder production. During the flight, a substantial part of the overheating heat from the drops is taken up by the atomizing gas, so that the drops - depending on their size - hit the substrate in a more or less liquid state and weld there with the previously deposited material.
  • the method is fundamentally suitable for the production of flat products, but in particular for the production of rotationally symmetrical semi-finished products such as round bars and tubes, in which case the substrate performs a rotational movement with a lateral offset during the spraying process. Since the metal drops only hit with very little overheating, the substrate, ie the material previously deposited, must be at a sufficiently high temperature so that it is still homogeneously welded. However, if the temperature is too high, a liquid layer builds up on the substrate surface, which on the one hand slowly solidifies in a conventional manner and on the other hand is thrown off the substrate under the influence of centrifugal force.
  • spray compacting has the advantage over classic powder metallurgy that all intermediate stages between powder atomization and powder compaction are eliminated - and thus possibilities for contaminating the Powder surface can be reduced - however, as with normal powder metallurgy, an enormous surface is still formed and, in the case of highly reactive materials or even with only slight contamination of the gas atmosphere in the spray chamber, this can lead to material damage despite the short reaction times.
  • a major disadvantage of spray compacting is the fact that cooling during flight takes place down to the range of the liquidus temperature, e.g. B. takes place relatively quickly with a few thousand Kelvin per second, but then on the substrate, where the critical area between liquidus and solidus temperature is passed, the cooling rate is only in the order of a few Kelvin per second.
  • this enables the phenomena known from classic solidification, such as segregation and the formation of cavities and precipitates, but also a coarsening of the original cast morphology.
  • Another disadvantage of the method is the fact that, as with all conventional solidification processes, the heat is removed via the layers which have already solidified beforehand, so that the heat transport is reduced with increasing thickness of the substrate, which leads to non-stationary solidification conditions.
  • JP-A-61-119 355. A generic method is known from JP-A-61-119 355. In this process, several layers of molten metal are applied in succession to the top of a band passed over two rollers. Since very high speeds cannot be achieved with the belt and the melt is pressed onto it only by gravity, the applied layer is inevitably relatively thick, so that the desired very rapid cooling of the melt cannot be achieved in this way. The process is also only suitable for the production of a band-shaped laminate.
  • the object of the invention is to enable the production of metal strips with extremely rapid cooling, so that the metal strip produced has a structure which results from a rapid fixation of a metastable state.
  • a device suitable for carrying out the method is to be specified.
  • the invention permits a significantly higher speed of the substrate, since the placement and distribution of the melt is ensured by the centrifugal force that presses it against the inner surface. The same force also ensures that the melt is compressed and spreads very quickly in a relatively thin layer over a larger area and is pressed against the cold substrate - that is, the layer that was created immediately before and adjoins the outside - which creates the best conditions for rapid cooling.
  • This is further supported by the fact that, as mentioned, heat flows from the applied melt into the substrate, which has been greatly cooled by the application of coolant, and is also removed from the surface by the coolant, preferably applied immediately after solidification. This heat removal from a thin layer over both interfaces leads to extremely high cooling rates.
  • the high speeds of the substrate mentioned also have the advantage of high output in front of an inevitably much slower moving belt.
  • JP-A-57-156 863 Another method is known from JP-A-57-156 863, in which the solidifying melt is applied to the outside of a wheel-shaped casting mold, which heats it from this side, while cooling it only by spraying water on the outside becomes.
  • the substrate surface is always part of the Circumferential surface of the mold is formed. There are no successive layers and interaction between them.
  • the purpose of the method is to produce a monocrystalline structure by setting an approximately constant temperature gradient.
  • JP-A-57-070 062 a method is known in which melt is directed against a rotating inner surface, but coolant is not applied to the resulting metal strip or better metal wire, but is injected into the groove before the melt is applied. So there is only one-sided cooling. The wire does not go through a complete revolution either, but is deflected and drawn off by compressed air in the axial direction in front of the point at which coolant is injected, a process which may involve some difficulties and should preclude the production of wider strips. An interaction between successive sections of the tape thus produced is obviously impossible.
  • an overheated metal melt in the form of a more or less closed jet is preferably applied to the inner surface of a rotating and essentially rotationally symmetrical mold cavity, similar to centrifugal casting.
  • the heat removal in the present process takes place mainly by heat transfer into a liquid cooling medium which at one point is offset approximately at the same rotation level, but by a certain angle of rotation with respect to the location of the metal application is sprayed onto the metal film just deposited and forms a coolant film there.
  • Both films are created on the one hand under the effect of the mechanical accelerations at the locations where they are applied, the heat transfer conditions in the metal layer formed in the course of the last revolution and between the films, and in particular as a function of the temperatures of the surfaces involved in mass transfer and the physical properties of those involved Phases such as thermal conductivity, density, solidification range, supercooling conditions etc.
  • a high cooling effect can generally be achieved at temperatures below the boiling point of the coolant, since the heat transfer directly into the liquid phase with its relatively high density and Heat capacity takes place. If the temperature is raised to a range above the boiling point, a second range is reached, where the Leydenfrost phenomenon occurs: at the phase boundary, partial evaporation of the coolant leads to the formation of a vapor film, which directly contacts the metal phase with the prevents liquid coolant. The heat transfer can therefore decrease by powers of ten.
  • a third area which is decisive in the sense of the present invention, is reached when the liquid cooling phase has a large temperature gradient on the one hand and a high relative speed compared to the hot surface to be cooled.
  • the method according to the invention has two main differences from the classic melt spinning processes: on the one hand, part of the heat of the freshly applied metal film is transferred to an underlying solid metal layer, but this metal is the cast body formed in the course of the last revolution, on the one hand others, a substantial part of the heat is given off directly to the liquid cooling medium.
  • An additional, but not essential, process feature is the fact that both films, ie metal and coolant, are pressed under the effect of centrifugal acceleration on the respective underlying layer, which improves the Leads heat transfer.
  • the method according to the invention also clearly distinguishes itself from conventional centrifugal casting by the fact that the solidification of the melt applied in the course of one revolution takes place essentially during this revolution.
  • the amount of metal supplied is chosen to be lower in relation to the rotational speed, for example as is the case with melt spinning, then at peripheral speeds z. B. in the range of 50 - 100 m / sec tapes with a thickness of the order of 0.05 mm. If the coolant is applied shortly after the metal film has been produced and the cooling effect is maintained for a longer period during the further rotation, then a substantial part of the heat of the freshly applied metal layer reaches the liquid cooling medium, which absorbs this heat with evaporation.
  • the inventive method not a band, but a thicker, substantially rotationally symmetrical body z. B. be made in the form of a ring, then basically the procedure described above can be used, but in A smaller amount of the coolant is used in relation to the amount of metal, the amount of metal and the rotational movement preferably being matched to one another in such a way that the applied metal film generally has a thickness above 0.2 mm. It is also advantageous with this method of operation if the time at which the coolant is applied is delayed compared to the example above.
  • the cooling effect starts later, so that the freshly applied film has more time to weld with the last layer applied, on the other hand, the reduced amount of coolant in relation to the amount of metal ensures that the cooling effect suddenly stops after the coolant has completely evaporated, so that a higher residual heat remains in the welded film, which favors a successful welding in the next film application.
  • a cylindrical molded body 1 rotates in the direction of an arrow 2 about an axis of rotation, the rotary movement taking place within rollers 4 mounted on axes 3, two of which are shown as representatives. At least one of these roles must be designed as a drive role.
  • the axis of rotation is arranged horizontally, however, a vertical arrangement is also easily possible in the sense of the invention, since the acceleration due to gravity has only a slight influence compared to the acceleration due to rotation.
  • a jet 6 of overheated melt strikes the inner surface of the outermost metal layer 7 formed in the course of the last revolution, a liquid metal film 8 being formed.
  • the jet 6 originates from the melt 10 located in a container 9, wherein the container 9 can either be a melting or holding furnace or just an unheated intermediate container for receiving the overheated melt.
  • An outlet opening for the melt in the form of a pouring nozzle 11 can be designed analogously to the conditions during melt spinning, both in terms of its shape and in terms of its arrangement relative to the casting point 5, in such a way that optimal hydrodynamic conditions arise for the film formation.
  • the pouring nozzle 11 can be a circular or a different from the circular shape, for. B. have a rectangular cross-section.
  • a certain pressure can be applied to the melt 10 in the container 9, so that it emerges from the pouring nozzle 11 at a desired speed or quantity per unit of time, it being possible at the same time for the melt to precede Contact with the outside atmosphere is protected.
  • the jet 6, as shown, can be directed towards the casting point 5 essentially as in melt spinning or, similarly to spray compacting, can be dissolved in drops by a stream of a fluid, preferably gaseous medium.
  • a fluid preferably gaseous medium.
  • the splitting of the jet 6 is not used for rapid cooling below the solidification temperature, the drops should remain liquid.
  • Coolant e.g. B. liquid nitrogen
  • Coolant is applied from cooling nozzles 12a, b at points 13a, b to the metal film 8, each forming a coolant film 14 thereon, which is completely evaporated at a point 15.
  • a single cooling nozzle is sufficient.
  • the coolant can also be applied from a plurality of nozzles arranged next to one another if a wider metal film 8 is desired.
  • the device parts required for this would have to be congruent in FIG. 1 lined up behind the parts shown. They would perform analog functions like this.
  • the metal film 8 is completely solidified at a point 16 in the present example. In most cases, the point 16 is in the direction of rotation in front of the cooling point 13, so that the liquid coolant only comes into contact with the completely solidified metal film 8.
  • the cylindrical molded body 1 has a groove-like depression on its inner wall, which is formed by a side wall 17a firmly connected to the inner wall and a removable side wall 17b is limited laterally.
  • the melt 10 is applied from the pouring nozzle 11 in the form of a jet 6 at the pouring point 5 to form the metal film 8 on the innermost metal layer 7 of the metal layers already formed in the course of the previous revolutions.
  • 3a-c show three typical phases in a first variant of the method according to the invention, the production of a rapidly solidifying strip in a diagram which shows the radial temperature profile over several layers.
  • FIG 3a shows the moment at which a new metal film 8 with a melt of superheating temperature T 1 has just been applied, which is represented by the curve piece 18.
  • the temperature drop 19 represents the heat transfer resistance to the innermost metal layer 7, which has formed and solidified in the course of the last revolution, the temperature of which is represented by the curve piece 20.
  • the next lower layer - curve piece 21 - also shows a sharp drop in temperature to curve piece 20. In all cases, this sharp drop in temperature is caused by the existence of an air gap, ie by the fact that - in the sense of the strip production - no welding has occurred.
  • FIG. 3c shows a phase immediately before the end of a revolution, shortly before the next superheated metal film 8 is applied, in accordance with FIG. 3a.
  • the temperature of the metal film 8 may have dropped so far in this phase that the heat flow is reversed, i. H.
  • the previously formed metal layers give off heat to the last-formed metal film 8.
  • Fig. 3c and Fig. 3a i.e. H. At least so much time must elapse from the beginning of the next cycle that the coolant film 14 has completely evaporated. Since the process according to the invention, on the one hand, similar to melt spinning processes, gives off the heat of the overheated melt to a metal substrate, but additionally transfers a substantial part of the heat into the liquid cryogenic coolant, there are potentially higher cooling rates.
  • 4a-c show three phases in a second variant of the method according to the invention, the production of a composite body continuously welded from strips, in the form of a cast layered composite material.
  • FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of a device according to the invention, which has devices for applying two melts 10a and 10b in series in the course of one revolution as metal films 8a and 8b, which are then explained in connection with FIGS. 4a-c, which are welded together by corresponding means Metering of the coolant at the cooling point 13 is effected. A further coolant film with a more intensive cooling effect is applied behind the casting point 5b. Because of this intensive cooling effect, only the two metal layers 7a and 7b are welded, but not to the metal layer 7c underneath. If the composition of the two metal layers 7a and 7b is identical, a thicker strip is produced in this way at a high cooling rate. If the composition of these layers is different, a bimetallic strip is obtained. Of course, more than two liquid metal films are applied in succession, so that instead of a bimetal strips of more complex structure are created.
  • the distance 22 between the casting point 5 and the outlet opening of the casting nozzle 11 is to be kept as constant as possible. Since, in contrast to the melt spinning process, the innermost metal layer 7 produced in the course of the last revolution is used as the substrate, the casting point 5 is continuously shifted with respect to the original surface of the molded body 1. In the present example, the constant distance 22 is maintained by a Spacer roller 23 rolls on the innermost metal layer 7 formed last, which shifts the container 9 with the metal melt 10 via a holding device 24, so that the pouring nozzle 11 follows the movement of the winding structure.
  • Deviating from this mechanical regulation it is of course also conceivable to determine the distance of the pouring nozzle 11 from the pouring point 5 via an electronic measuring probe, a control circuit ensuring that the position of the pouring nozzle 11 is tracked, for example, via an electromechanical actuator.
  • the casting point 5 is designed as a metal bath 25, the volume of this metal bath on the one hand through the side walls 17a, 17b of the rotating cylindrical shaped body 1 (FIG.
  • baffle wall 27 made of a melt-resistant material and fixed by means of a holding device 26 forms the boundary
  • this baffle wall 27 on the one hand laterally against the walls 17a, b of the rotating molded body 1 forms a minimal gap which essentially prevents molten metal from flowing out of the bath 25, on the other hand forms a casting gap of a certain width with the inner surface of the innermost metal layer 7, which determines the thickness of the liquid metal film 8.
  • the measures proposed in accordance with FIG. 6 can be used, ie the holding device 26 of the baffle wall 27 can be held at a constant distance from the respective inner surface either by a spacer roller 23 (FIG. 6) or by electronic means .
  • FIG. 8 shows a further embodiment of a device according to the invention with a similar objective as is the case with that according to FIG. 7.
  • the supply of the jet 6 of the molten metal also takes place in a bath 25, the lateral limitation in the direction of rotation, however, in this case being formed by an accumulation roller 28 which, in the same way as the accumulation wall 27 described in FIG. 7, has a casting gap with the forms innermost metal layer 7 formed during the last revolution.
  • the cooling liquid is supplied via a cooling nozzle 12, the distribution of the cooling liquid, similar to the case for the metal melt in the present example, is accomplished by a roller 29.
  • An arrangement (not shown in FIG. 7) is also conceivable, in which the cooling liquid is fed in behind the roller 29 in the direction of rotation. In such a case, the roller 29 serves on the one hand to roll the partially or fully solidified metal film 8 into the plane and also prevents liquid or gaseous coolant from flowing back into the area of the still liquid metal film 8.
  • FIG. 9 shows a further embodiment of a device for carrying out the method according to the invention, which is used specifically for producing complex-shaped, essentially rotationally symmetrical parts.
  • the pouring nozzle 11 and the cooling nozzle 12 are fastened to a common holding device 30 and can be moved in the direction of an arrow 31 inside the rotating molded body 1.
  • the cooling point 13 is offset in the direction of rotation by half a turn in relation to the casting point 5 in the interest of clarity of the illustration.
  • the molded body 1 apart from two end side walls 17a, b, the molded body 1 has a shaping inner wall 32 which must be made of a material which can withstand the attack of the melt thermally and mechanically. Since the main part of the heat is drawn in via the evaporating coolant, the inner wall 32 can consist of a ceramic material with low thermal conductivity, at least in an area adjacent to the surface. In such a case the rotating molded body 1 then consists approximately of an outer wall, which consists of a material that can absorb the mechanical forces occurring during the rotation process, for. B. metal, as well as from an inner part, which can endure thermal loads.
  • the inner part can be a disposable part that is replaced after each casting process. This has the advantage that geometries with undercuts can also be cast without a dividing line, since the ceramic molding material can be removed from the molding 1 together with the essentially cylindrically symmetrical casting after the casting process.
  • an essentially rotationally symmetrical composite body then proceeds as follows: the molten metal applied at the casting point 5 forms a film 8 which, in the course of the further rotation, welds to the metal already deposited and at least partially solidifies.
  • the liquid coolant for. As liquid nitrogen, applied, the amount being selected so that after complete evaporation of the coolant in the newly applied metal film 8, residual heat remains which allows welding with newly deposited material in the course of the following rotations.
  • the holding device 30 can be moved along the axis of rotation, in the direction of the arrow 31, at a specific feed speed, but a back and forth movement is also possible which is matched to the amount of the deposited metal and in which the inner surface of the composite body is built up in a controlled manner .
  • a device can be used to build a pipe. Both in this case, as in all of the examples described, it is readily possible to use other materials, e.g. B. ceramic or metallic phases in the form of powders or fibers or the like.
  • a pneumatic conveyor on the rotating inner surface of the resulting composite body to apply so that a composite material is formed.
  • FIGS. 10a and 10c schematically demonstrating two characteristic situations from the course of the production process.
  • the pouring nozzle 11 and the cooling nozzle 12 are fastened to a common holding device 30 as in FIG. 9, the pouring point 5 and the cooling point 13 being offset from one another by a certain angle of rotation. Said points do not necessarily have to be arranged in the same plane of rotation, but can be shifted relative to one another in the direction of the axis of rotation.
  • the holding device 30 and with it the pouring nozzle 11 and the cooling nozzle 12 executes an oscillating movement in the axial direction according to the double arrow 34a relative to the rotating molded body 1.
  • the tube 33 is pulled off in the direction of arrow 35.
  • FIG. 10b shows the time at which a new outer layer of the endless tube is built up, this moment corresponding approximately to the left end point of the oscillating movement of the holding device 30 in the direction of the arrow 34c in the present illustration.
  • the melt passes from the pouring nozzle 11 in the form of a jet 6 onto the inner surface of the rotating shaped body 1, a liquid metal film 8 being formed which forms a solid edge layer 7a in direct contact with the externally cooled cylindrical shaped body 1, which forms at least one essential part is solidified so that it has sufficient mechanical strength.
  • This largely solidified zone 7a merges into the subsequent fully solidified part of the tube 33.
  • FIG. 10c shows a point in time after the processes in FIG. 10b.
  • the holding device 30 has made a movement to the right in accordance with arrow 34d and is located shortly before the point of reversal.
  • the tube 33 a rotational movement is carried out as indicated in Fig. 10a.
  • the pouring point 5 is accordingly further to the right within the rotating molded body 1, and the cooling point 13 has also moved to the right, the cooling nozzle 12 being placed in the image plane in the interest of simplicity of illustration, like the pouring nozzle 11, although it is actually at a certain angle of rotation is offset in the direction of rotation.
  • the effect of the coolant leads to a strong cooling of the initial zone of the pipe 33, so that the solidification now largely covers the entire pipe cross section built up in the course of the processes according to FIG. 10b.
  • the pipe 33 is built up by means of the pouring nozzle 11 shifted to the right for the application of the melt until the final inner diameter of the pipe 33 is reached.
  • the extensive solidification of the tube 33 due to the heat removal from the inside by the coolant leads to a shrinkage of the outside diameter of the tube 33, which leads to the formation of a casting gap 36 with respect to the rotating molded body 1. This process takes place between the times corresponding to FIGS. 10b and 10c, that is to say in the course of the movement of the holding device 30 in the direction of the arrow 34d.
  • the rotary movement of the tube is only supported by a plurality of pull-out rollers 37 mounted on axes 38.
  • the pull-out rollers 37 are movable in the direction of the axis of rotation and perform a brief movement in the direction of the arrow 34b at the moment the tube 33 loses contact with the rotating molded body 1, the tube 33 moving a distance which is of the order of magnitude of the oscillation amplitude cylindrical molded body 1 is pulled out.
  • a new metal film 8 has been built up on the end face of the tube according to FIG.
  • the pull-out rollers 37 can be lifted briefly from the tube 33 and shifted to the left by the same amount, where they then again with the tube 33 in Be brought in contact. Pieces of the desired length have to be cut from the continuous tube with a cutting device, not shown, at certain time intervals, similar to the case with classic continuous casting.
  • FIG. 11a shows a further embodiment of a device according to the invention, which is suitable for producing an endless tube.
  • the tube 33 in the last example assumed the rotational speed of the rotating molded body 1
  • the pouring nozzle 11 and the cooling nozzle 12 are arranged to be movable in the direction of the axis of rotation of the molded body 1 by means of a common holding device 30, the cooling point 13 being offset by a certain angle in the direction of rotation and also in the withdrawal direction corresponding to arrow 35 can be shifted by a certain amount relative to the casting point 5.
  • the roller 4 represents all the rollers that keep the rotating molded body 1 in motion
  • the two pull-out rollers 37 represent a larger number of pull-out rollers that move the tube 33 out of the rotating molded body 1.
  • Fig. 11b shows the process shown in Fig. 11a in principle in a schematic section.
  • the rotating molded body 1 has a side wall 17, which is preferably made of a heat-insulating material and which prevents the melt from flowing away, which forms a liquid metal film 8, to the left. Since the rotating molded body 1, which preferably consists of a metallic mold material, is cooled from the outside, a partially solidified zone 7a is formed, in which, however, there is not yet any crosslinking of the Dendrites has come so that it still has the properties of a thixotropic liquid.
  • a cooling liquid is applied from a cooling nozzle 12 'to the inner surface of the largely solidified tube 33, the location of the formation of the coolant film 14' in the direction of rotation behind the image plane in which the pouring nozzle 11 is located to be imagined.
  • the pulling-off movement of the tube 33 can take place in a continuous manner in the present case, since the strong cooling effect of the liquid coolant leads to the formation of a partially solidified zone 7b, which, however, adheres to the solidified tube 33 due to its higher degree of solidification and the resulting crosslinking of the dendrites, and the rotational movement of the zone 7a, which is carried along with the liquid metal film 8 by the rotational movement of the molded body 1, therefore does not participate.
  • the transition between partially solidified zones 7a and 7b should not be thought of as a sharp transition, as shown in Fig. 11b for the sake of simplicity, but rather as a gradual transition from a partially fluid and still easily deformable zone to a partially rigid and essentially rigid Imagine zone.
  • the method according to the invention is to be explained using two concrete examples, the production of a steel strip in one case and the production of an annular composite body made of steel in the other.
  • a device was used which in principle corresponded to that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the rotating molded body 1 was a steel cylinder with an internal diameter of 600 mm, the width of the casting groove delimited laterally by the side walls 17a, b being 5 mm.
  • stainless chromium-nickel steel was used as the test melt.
  • the rocking furnace consisted of a melt container rotatable about a horizontal axis in the form of a cylindrical barrel made of high-temperature-resistant magnesite, which contained two graphite electrodes that could be displaced relative to one another on the two end faces in the axis of rotation to form an arc.
  • the steel alloy in the form of 15 mm rod material was introduced through an opening in the barrel, which was directed upwards during the melting process.
  • the upward loading opening of the furnace normally also serves to fasten the pouring funnel of the upward and preheated ceramic mold at the moment of pouring.
  • a preheated pouring funnel with an attached nozzle tube made of zirconium oxide with an inner diameter of 5 mm was attached.
  • the entire rocking furnace was installed inside the rotating molded body 1, the rotating plane of the rocking furnace being identical to the rotating plane of the molded body and the pouring nozzle 11 of the furnace, when the same was rotated through 180 °, exactly in the center of the casting groove, at the same distance between the side walls 17a and 17b swung in.
  • the cylindrical shaped body 1 was brought up to a speed of 1200 rpm.
  • the cooling nozzle 12 which was offset by 100 ° from the casting point 5
  • the rocking oven was turned upside down, with which the casting process started and immediately thereafter - about 0.5 sec later, the cooling nozzle 12 was pivoted into the rotating plane of the shaped body 1, so that the cooling liquid got into the casting groove.
  • a ring-shaped composite body made of stainless steel was produced using the same device.
  • the bottom surface of the casting groove had previously been coated with calcium zirconate by means of a plasma spraying process in order to prevent undesired heat dissipation via the molded body 1, which prevents a steady welding state from being set quickly during a short-term test.
  • the melt was overheated in the rocking furnace to 1800 ° C. and the molded body 1 was brought to a speed of 772 rpm.
  • the cooling point 13, to which liquid nitrogen was applied as the coolant, was offset by a three-quarter turn of the wheel with respect to the casting point 5.

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  • Continuous Casting (AREA)

Abstract

Un filet (6) de métal en fusion surchauffé sortant d'un réservoir (9) est projeté, sous forme de jet fermé grâce à une buse de coulée (11) ou dissocié en gouttelettes par l'action d'un fluide gazeux, au niveau d'un point de coulée (5) sur la surface intérieure d'un ruban enroulé ou d'un élément composé tournant dans une forme (1) en même temps que celle-ci, et il se produit ainsi un film métallique (8) initialement liquide sur lequel est appliqué, au niveau d'un point de refroidissement (13) décalé par rapport au point de coulée (5) dans le sens de la rotation, à partir d'une buse de refroidissement (12), un fluide frigorigène, de préférence un gaz liquéfié à basse température tel que l'argon ou l'azote, qui évacue, en majorité par son évaporation, une grande partie de la chaleur de surchauffage et de fusion du film métallique (8). En fonction de la chaleur résiduelle qu'elle conserve après son refroidissement, le film métallique (8) reste, soit isolée de la couche métallique intérieure (7) déposée précédemment, de sorte qu'il se forme un ruban enroulé, soit fondue avec cette couche, de sorte qu'il se forme un élément composé présentant essentiellement une symétrie de rotation.

Claims (17)

  1. Procédé pour la fabrication d'un ruban ou d'une pièce composite en métal, dans lequel au moins un jet (6) de masse métallique fondue surchauffée est acheminé contre une surface transversale par rapport au sens du jet et sur laquelle est ainsi produit un film métallique (8; 8a; 8b) initialement liquide et un agent réfrigérant liquide est ensuite appliqué sur le film métallique (8; 8a; 8b) et celui-ci est refroidi au moins dans la zone de solidification, caractérisé par le fait que la surface est une surface intérieure en rotation ayant pratiquement une symétrie de révolution autour de l'axe de rotation, laquelle est formée à chaque fois au moins en partie par les couches métalliques (7; 7a; 7b) solidifiées produites pendant les rotations précédentes.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le liquide de refroidissement est d'abord appliqué sur le film métallique (8; 8a; 8b) après au moins une présolidification de la surface de celui-ci.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que le jet (6) de masse métallique fondue surchauffée arrive sur la surface sous une forme essentiellement compacte.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que le jet (6) de masse métallique fondue surchauffée est séparé en gouttes à l'aide d'un support fluide avant d'arriver sur la surface.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4 pour la fabrication d'un ruban enroulé, caractérisé par le fait que le refroidissement par le biais de l'agent réfrigérant est réglé de telle façon qu'il ne se produise aucune soudure entre le film métallique (8; 8a; 8b) nouvellement appliqué et les couches métalliques (7; 7a; 7b) solidifiées produites pendant les rotations précédentes.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4 pour la fabrication d'une pièce composite, caractérisé par le fait que le refroidissement par le bais de l'agent réfrigérant est réglé de telle façon que le film métallique (8) nouvellement appliqué se soude avec au moins une des couches métalliques (7) appliquées pendant les rotations précédentes.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6 pour la fabrication d'un tube (33), caractérisé par le fait que le film métallique (8) nouvellement appliqué est appliqué, au moins de façon intermittente, en extrayant les couches métalliques (7) soudées entre elles produites pendant les rotations précédentes, en étant décalé par rapport à celles-ci dans le sens de l'axe de rotation, venant cependant les chevaucher.
  8. Dispositif pour la réalisation du procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7 avec une surface mobile, comportant au moins un réservoir (9; 9a; 9b) destiné à recevoir la masse métallique fondue (10; 10a; 10b), lequel est relié à une buse de coulée (11; 11a; 11b) dirigée vers la surface mobile ainsi qu'au moins une buse d'agent réfrigérant (12; 12a; 12b) également dirigée vers la surface mobile, laquelle est décalée dans le sens du déplacement derrière au moins une buse de coulée (11; 11a; 11b) de telle façon qu'elle soit appropriée pour le refroidissement de la surface d'un film métallique (8; 8a; 8b) appliqué par celle-ci, caractérisé par le fait que la surface mobile est formée par la paroi intérieure d'un moule creux pouvant tourner autour d'un axe de rotation et que ladite au moins une buse de coulée (11; 11a; 11b) et ladite au moins une buse d'agent réfrigérant (12; 12a; 12b) sont logées à l'intérieur du moule (1).
  9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé par le fait que plusieurs buses de coulée (11; 11a; 11b) et plusieurs buses d'agent réfrigérant (12; 12a; 12b) sont disposées successivement l'une à côté de l'autre dans le sens axial.
  10. Dispositif selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé par le fait qu'au moins deux buses de coulée (11a; 11b) ainsi qu'au moins une buse d'agent réfrigérant (12) entre celles-ci sont disposées successivement l'une derrière l'autre dans le sens de rotation.
  11. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 8 à 10, caractérisé par le fait que la buse de coulée (11) est à chaque fois suspendue de façon mobile dans le sens radial et reliée à demeure avec un distanceur, lequel est exposé à une force dirigée vers la paroi intérieure du moule (1).
  12. Dispositif selon la revendication 11, caractérisé par le fait que le distanceur est réalisé sous la forme d'un rouleau écarteur (23).
  13. Dispositif selon la revendication 11 ou 12, caractérisé par le fait qu'il est muni d'un élément de refoulement fixé à demeure avec l'écarteur et décalé dans le sens de rotation par rapport à ladite au moins une buse de coulée (11) afin de former un bain (25), lequel élément de refoulement forme avec la surface intérieure concernée une fente dans le sens axial ayant une largeur constante.
  14. Dispositif selon la revendication 13, caractérisé par le fait que l'élément de refoulement est réalisé sous la forme d'une paroi de refoulement (27).
  15. Dispositif selon la revendication 13, caractérisé par le fait que l'élément de refoulement est réalisé sous la forme d'un rouleau de refoulement (28).
  16. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 12, caractérisé par le fait qu'il est muni d'un dispositif destiné à extraire la section déjà solidifiée d'une pièce composite produite dans le dispositif dans le sens de l'axe de rotation.
  17. Dispositif selon la revendication 16, caractérisé par le fait que ladite au moins une buse de coulée (11) et ladite au moins une buse d'agent réfrigérant (12) sont fixées sur une attache (30) commune, laquelle est conçue pour effectuer un mouvement oscillatoire dans le sens axial synchronisé avec la rotation du moule (1).
EP92910004A 1992-05-18 1992-05-18 Procede et dispositif pour la fabrication de rubans et de pieces composees en metal Expired - Lifetime EP0594633B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT92910004T ATE145352T1 (de) 1992-05-18 1992-05-18 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von bändern und verbundkörpern aus metall

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PCT/CH1992/000096 WO1993023187A1 (fr) 1992-05-18 1992-05-18 Procede et dispositif pour la fabrication de rubans et de pieces composees en metal

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EP0594633A1 EP0594633A1 (fr) 1994-05-04
EP0594633B1 true EP0594633B1 (fr) 1996-11-20

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EP (1) EP0594633B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH07500053A (fr)
AU (1) AU667036B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR9206285A (fr)
CZ (1) CZ7994A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE59207549D1 (fr)
SK (1) SK5694A3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1993023187A1 (fr)

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US5957366A (en) * 1997-10-21 1999-09-28 Ameron International Corporation Helically formed welded pipe and diameter control
US8418746B2 (en) * 2005-07-25 2013-04-16 Zhuwen Ming L, R, C method and equipment for continuous casting amorphous, ultracrystallite and crystallite metallic slab or strip
US20100031914A1 (en) * 2007-03-15 2010-02-11 Honda Motor Co., Ltd Hollow member, cylinder sleeve and methods for producing them
DE102010025815A1 (de) * 2010-07-01 2012-01-05 Daimler Ag Verbundbremsscheibe und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
JP5638576B2 (ja) * 2012-08-07 2014-12-10 ミン、チュウエン 非晶質、超微結晶質、及び微結晶質金属スラブまたは他形状金属の鋳造のための連続成形システム
CN111607778B (zh) * 2020-07-09 2023-11-03 北京载诚科技有限公司 一种镀膜用冷却设备、镀膜设备、方法及卷对卷薄膜

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JPS5677051A (en) * 1979-11-27 1981-06-25 Noboru Tsuya Production of amorphous metal thin strip
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CZ7994A3 (en) 1994-08-17
JPH07500053A (ja) 1995-01-05
SK5694A3 (en) 1994-11-09
BR9206285A (pt) 1995-11-07
EP0594633A1 (fr) 1994-05-04
AU1743492A (en) 1993-12-13
AU667036B2 (en) 1996-03-07
WO1993023187A1 (fr) 1993-11-25
DE59207549D1 (de) 1997-01-02
US5573056A (en) 1996-11-12

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