EP1765536B1 - Procede de fabrication de produits en metal - Google Patents

Procede de fabrication de produits en metal Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1765536B1
EP1765536B1 EP05748361A EP05748361A EP1765536B1 EP 1765536 B1 EP1765536 B1 EP 1765536B1 EP 05748361 A EP05748361 A EP 05748361A EP 05748361 A EP05748361 A EP 05748361A EP 1765536 B1 EP1765536 B1 EP 1765536B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metal
gas
gas nozzle
nozzle
semifinished
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP05748361A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1765536A2 (fr
Inventor
Karl Rimmer
Gunther Schulz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MEESE-MARKTSCHEFFEL, JULIANE
Original Assignee
Schulz Gunther
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AT0102804A external-priority patent/AT413702B/de
Application filed by Schulz Gunther filed Critical Schulz Gunther
Priority to AT05748361T priority Critical patent/ATE425832T1/de
Publication of EP1765536A2 publication Critical patent/EP1765536A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1765536B1 publication Critical patent/EP1765536B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D23/00—Casting processes not provided for in groups B22D1/00 - B22D21/00
    • B22D23/003—Moulding by spraying metal on a surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/115—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by spraying molten metal, i.e. spray sintering, spray casting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/123—Spraying molten metal

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing metal products, such as films, coatings and moldings, such as bolts, tubes or sheets, of metal in the form of semi-finished product, in which the metal of the semifinished product is melted and atomized and finally solidified again, wherein the Metal molten non-contact and the molten metal is atomized in a gas nozzle to a spray jet by the gas nozzle is supplied to at least one gas stream.
  • metal products such as films, coatings and moldings, such as bolts, tubes or sheets
  • reactive metals such as titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, rhenium and their alloys as well as superalloys (alloys based on nickel or cobalt), are crucial by their purity, especially by determines the absence of oxides and ceramic impurities. Because of the high melting points of the metals and alloys mentioned and the mechanical properties thereof, forming processes and processes for cutting shaping are very complicated.
  • a disadvantage of the US 6,043,451 A known method is due to the radial symmetry of the plasma torch forming a conical spray of molten metal, whereby wider films or coatings can be produced only by overlapping several spray cone or repeated spraying with the same Sprtihkegel.
  • the layers thus produced have an unusual, inhomogeneous surface profile (cf. Fig. 2a ).
  • the production output of only 3 kg / h (50g / min) is very small and thus less suitable for the production of thicker foils or coatings or semi-finished products such as bolts, tubes or sheets.
  • a method for producing metal powder is known.
  • the molten metal in the form of a film emerges from a nozzle with a slot-shaped outlet opening.
  • the film is stabilized by a laminar gas flow in a Laval gas nozzle and then finely atomized.
  • the productivity of the nozzle system can be varied as desired by extending the nozzle slot without adversely affecting powder quality.
  • the non-contact melting of metals is from the U.S. Patent 4,822,267 , of the DE 41 02 101 A1 or the JP 62 017103 A known.
  • a method for producing metal composites is further from the US-A-3,775,156 known.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a method of the type mentioned, with a direct transfer of metal, which is present for example as commercially available semi-finished, in metal foils, surface coatings or other products (semifinished products) with hollow productivity cost and without the risk of introducing contaminants is possible.
  • metal in the form of a commercially available semi-finished product which, for example, has the shape of a cuboid
  • a linear, in particular wedge-shaped, spray jet This spray is used to produce the desired metal product.
  • various products can be made of metal. In any case, it is ensured that in the method according to the invention impurities of the metal are excluded or at least largely prevented.
  • metal products can be produced by, for example, coating surfaces or producing semi-finished products, such as films, sheets or bolts.
  • the metal of the semifinished product is melted, atomized, sprayed onto a carrier and solidified on the carrier.
  • the method according to the invention can also be used, for example, for coating workpieces.
  • semifinished product for example a bolt, of the metal, which has a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape, can be inductive on the surface of its two longitudinal sides its front side are melted.
  • the melting end face is located within the laminar gas flow of a linear nozzle.
  • the two halves of the linear Venturi nozzle preferably consist of a non-coupling to the magnetic field of the induction heating material.
  • tubes made of metal, preferably copper, are inserted into the Venturi half-nozzle, which serve as conductors for the inductive excitation current with simultaneous cooling by a cooling fluid, for example water.
  • a cooling fluid for example water.
  • the tubes are connected to each other at the ends of the venturi half-nozzle via further tubes.
  • the gas streams strike over the melting surface of the semifinished product, for example in the form of a bolt and promote the melt in the form of two very thin films to the bolt tip.
  • both films unite and the resulting melt film is further stabilized by the laminar gas flow, accelerated and finally atomized into fine droplets.
  • the liquid (melt) film does not need to exit the nozzle with a downward movement.
  • the inventive method works regardless of the position, not only vertically upwards, but also horizontally or vertically downwards, as well as in any other orientation.
  • the guidance of the liquid film, in particular the film of molten metal, by the gas flow is stronger than the force acting on the melt gravity.
  • the independence of the position of the atomizing nozzle gives the designer of jet systems according to the invention design degrees of freedom that can be used in a reduction in the height of the plant.
  • the method according to the invention is carried out in a container, wherein in one embodiment a virtually continuous production of metal products is possible by connecting a new semifinished product, e.g. by at least one weld.
  • a new semifinished product e.g. by at least one weld.
  • FIG. 1 schematically an arrangement for carrying out the method according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 another arrangement for carrying out the method according to the invention
  • Fig. 3a a coating, as in the prior art ( US 6,043,451 A ) is available
  • Fig. 3b a coating, as it can be produced when applying the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 The arrangement shown is an example application of the method according to the invention for producing a film of metal.
  • This arrangement consists of an elongated (linear) gas nozzle 1, in which water-cooled copper tubes 2 are arranged.
  • the copper pipes 2 serve to create an inductive magnetic field.
  • the semi-finished product 3 to be processed of metal with a substantially rectangular cross-section is introduced into the elongate inlet opening of the gas nozzle 1 and melted contactlessly on its longitudinal sides under the action of the inductive magnetic field.
  • the gas nozzle 1 used in the invention may be formed as a Laval nozzle or as a Venturi nozzle. After passing through the narrowest point of the gas nozzle 1 (elongated mouth thereof), the molten metal film 5 is atomized to a linear wedge-shaped, substantially tent-shaped spray 6.
  • the spray jet 6 is directed in the embodiment shown on an endless and cooled metal strip 7 as a carrier.
  • the droplets of molten metal are liquid or at least partially liquid at the time of impact with the metal strip 7 and solidify into a homogeneous surface metal foil 8 (excluding the two edges).
  • Fig. 3a shows the spray result with a conventional round die (see. US 6,043,451 A ), in which several metal caterpillars 1 to 4 are sprayed side by side.
  • Fig. 3b shows a metal foil 8, which has been produced by the method according to the invention, in which a uniformly thick metal layer (foil 8) is formed in a single spraying.
  • the productivity of the process of the invention can be adjusted as desired over the length of the spray jet as well as over the Abschmelzchip elegant induction heating.
  • the preferably added in the form of semi-finished raw material as metal is converted in one operation in the desired end product, therefore comes only with the atomizing gas in contact and, if the purity of the gas atmosphere is high enough, converted without an increase in impurities in the metal product become.
  • reactive metal or alloy is thermally compacted by spray compacting, the starting material being melted in the form of semifinished product without contact, in particular inductively, and atomized into a linear, wedge-shaped spray jet.
  • the particles of the spray jet are, for example, spray-compacted onto a substrate to form a product or applied to a component as a surface coating.
  • any metals in particular reactive metals, such as titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, rhenium or an alloy based on these metals.
  • the method according to the invention is suitable for processing a nickel-titanium alloy or a superalloy based on nickel or cobalt.
  • the semifinished product to be processed is a composite material of high-melting phases and low-melting binder matrix.
  • the refractory phase may be a carbide.
  • products in the form of films, sheets, tubes or bolts can be produced.
  • An advantage of the method according to the invention is that the purity of the product differs only slightly from the purity of the starting material (semifinished product).
  • dispersoids are deliberately introduced via a further nozzle.
  • Such dispersoids may be, for example, silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, corundum (Al 2 O 3 ) or zirconium oxide.
  • the purpose of adding such dispersoids and other additives, which may also be volatile, is to influence the properties of the process product in the desired direction.
  • a release agent may be applied to the substrate prior to spray compaction.
  • a rod made of titanium with a rectangular cross-section (initial dimension: width 50 mm, thickness 40 mm, length 3000 mm) is sealed without crucible with an induction frequency of 350 kHz and with 5 kg / min.
  • a new rod after having passed the pre-sluice chamber with inerting and pressure equalization, is brought to the end of the first rod away from the atomization, and the two rods are at the two of the Abschmelzaggregat opposite sides linearly welded together by laser beam without filler material.
  • FIG. 2 An example of this suitable device is in Fig. 2 shown.
  • This device has a linear gas nozzle 10 with internal supply of the primary atomizing gas 13.
  • an induction coil 12 is integrated in the linear gas nozzle 10. From the linear gas nozzle 10 occurs, as in Fig. 2 schematically indicated, primary atomizing gas 13 and although in the illustrated embodiment symmetrical, so that two streams of primary atomizing gas 13 are present.
  • a secondary gas flow 14 is provided in the linear gas nozzle 10, which forms a melt film 21 on the metal melting off from the metal rod 15 of rectangular cross-section.
  • the melting metal rod 15 is advanced by rotationally driven guide rollers 18 to the gas nozzle 10 down.
  • the primary gas streams 13 are generated by the atomizing gas supplied primarily within the gas nozzle 10.
  • the primary gas streams 13 generate a local negative pressure through which gas is drawn in, which forms the secondary gas streams 14 serving as support gas.
  • the entire assembly is housed in a housing 19 which is filled with an inert gas, in particular argon, with the gas in the housing 19 being at the same pressure as the container environment.
  • an inert gas in particular argon
  • the metal rod 15 may be, for example, a rod made of titanium. Under the action of the primary atomizing gas streams 13, a spray of metal droplets 22 is formed from the melt film 21. These droplets of molten metal 22. can, as indicated by Fig. 1 and 2 B described, spray-compacted.
  • a further metal rod with a rectangular cross-section are added by being connected to the metal rod 15 by two welds 17, in particular parallel to the plane of the Fig. 2 aligned.
  • the tracked metal bar 16 is also guided by rotationally driven guide rollers 18.
  • a container 25 is still provided, in which the molten metal (metal droplets or powder particles 22) divided into droplets solidifies to form a metal powder.
  • the metal of the semifinished product 15 is melted by an inductive magnetic field 12, atomized and in a chamber 25th solidified to a powder or sprayed on a carrier and solidified on the carrier.
  • the molten metal is supplied in a gas nozzle 10, which is formed either as a Laval nozzle or Venturi nozzle, as a film 21 which is stabilized by gas streams 14, and then atomized by further gas streams 13.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)

Claims (25)

  1. Procédé de fabrication de produits en métal, tels que des feuilles, des revêtements et des pièces formées, telles que des boulons, des tubes ou des plaques, en métal sous la forme de demi-produit, dans lequel le métal du demi-produit est mis en fusion et est atomisé et, enfin, est à nouveau consolidé, le métal étant mis en fusion sans contact et le métal en fusion étant atomisé dans une tuyère à gaz pour former un jet de pulvérisation, du fait qu'au moins un flux de gaz est acheminé vers la tuyère à gaz, le métal en fusion sous forme de jet de pulvérisation étant consolidé sur un support.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le métal est mis en fusion par voie inductive.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le métal est acheminé sous forme de blocs, qui sont mis en fusion dans la zone de leurs côtés.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que deux flux de gaz émanant de côtés opposés sont acheminés vers la tuyère à gaz.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le métal en fusion est atomisé pour former un jet de pulvérisation allongé.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le métal consolidé est retiré du support sous la forme d'une feuille métallique.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le métal consolidé sur le support forme un revêtement destiné à rester sur celui-ci.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le compactage du jet de métal est répété pour obtenir de plus grandes épaisseurs de couche du produit.
  9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le métal en fusion est atomisé pour former un jet de pulvérisation allongé qui, sur une largeur, est au moins aussi grand que la largeur du produit à réaliser.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le métal en fusion est atomisé dans une tuyère à gaz longitudinale pour former un jet de pulvérisation.
  11. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que l'alliage traité est un alliage de nickel et titane.
  12. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que l'on traite au moins un métal choisi dans le groupe formé par le fer, le cuivre, l'aluminium, le zinc, l'étain, le titane, le zirconium, le hafnium, le vanadium, le niobium, le tantale, le chrome, le molybdène, le tungstène, le rhénium ou un alliage basé sur au moins deux de ces métaux.
  13. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le métal à traiter est un superalliage à base de nickel ou de cobalt.
  14. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que le métal à traiter est un matériau composite formé par une phase à point de fusion élevé et une matrice de liaison à bas point de fusion.
  15. Procédé selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que la phase à point de fusion élevé est un carbure, un oxyde ou un nitrure.
  16. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 15, caractérisé en ce que, en plus du jet de pulvérisation formé par un métal en fusion, des dispersoïdes sont introduits sous forme de gouttelettes projetées par une autre tuyère.
  17. Procédé selon la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce que les dispersoïdes ajoutés sont des carbures, des oxydes et/ou des nitrures.
  18. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 17, caractérisé en ce que, lors de la réalisation d'un demi-produit, un agent de séparation est déposé sur le support avant le compactage du jet.
  19. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 18, caractérisé en ce que le demi-produit en métal est acheminé sous forme de barres, en particulier des barres parallélépipédiques.
  20. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 19, caractérisé en ce que, encore avant l'épuisement du demi-produit, un autre demi-produit est raccordé à ce dernier et est relié au demi-produit pratiquement épuisé.
  21. Procédé selon la revendication 20, caractérisé en ce que les demi-produits sont assemblés entre eux par soudage.
  22. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 21, caractérisé en ce que le métal est acheminé vers la tuyère à gaz dans un boîtier rempli de gaz de protection. -
  23. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 22, caractérisé en ce que le métal en fusion, dans la zone en amont de la tuyère à gaz ou à l'intérieur de celle-ci, est formé par des flux de gaz secondaires en un film constitué d'un métal en fusion.
  24. Procédé selon la revendication 23, caractérisé en ce que le film constitué d'un métal en fusion est formé et stabilisé par deux flux de gaz secondaires, symétriques par rapport à la tuyère à gaz.
  25. Procédé selon la revendication 23 ou 24, caractérisé en ce que le film constitué d'un métal en fusion est atomisé par des flux de gaz primaires après le passage à travers la tuyère à gaz.
EP05748361A 2004-06-17 2005-06-16 Procede de fabrication de produits en metal Not-in-force EP1765536B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT05748361T ATE425832T1 (de) 2004-06-17 2005-06-16 Verfahren zum herstellen von erzeugnissen aus metall

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0102804A AT413702B (de) 2004-06-17 2004-06-17 Verfahren zum herstellen von erzeugnissen aus metall
AT13222004 2004-08-02
PCT/AT2005/000214 WO2005123305A2 (fr) 2004-06-17 2005-06-16 Procédé de fabrication de produits en métal

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1765536A2 EP1765536A2 (fr) 2007-03-28
EP1765536B1 true EP1765536B1 (fr) 2009-03-18

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EP05748361A Not-in-force EP1765536B1 (fr) 2004-06-17 2005-06-16 Procede de fabrication de produits en metal

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20080093045A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1765536B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE425832T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2570924A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE502005006882D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005123305A2 (fr)

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WO2015092008A1 (fr) 2013-12-20 2015-06-25 Nanoval Gmbh & Co. Kg Dispositif et procédé de fusion en zone flottante d'un matériau et d'atomisation du matériau fondu pour fabriquer de la poudre

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FR3054462B1 (fr) * 2016-07-29 2020-06-19 Safran Aircraft Engines Procede d'atomisation de gouttes metalliques en vue de l'obtention d'une poudre metallique
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015092008A1 (fr) 2013-12-20 2015-06-25 Nanoval Gmbh & Co. Kg Dispositif et procédé de fusion en zone flottante d'un matériau et d'atomisation du matériau fondu pour fabriquer de la poudre
DE102013022096A1 (de) 2013-12-20 2015-06-25 Nanoval Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum tiegelfreien Schmelzen eines Materials und zum Zerstäuben des geschmolzenen Materials zum Herstellen von Pulver
EP3083107B1 (fr) 2013-12-20 2019-12-04 NANOVAL GmbH & Co. KG Dispositif et procédé de fusion en zone flottante d'un matériau et d'atomisation du matériau fondu pour fabriquer de la poudre
DE102013022096B4 (de) * 2013-12-20 2020-10-29 Nanoval Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum tiegelfreien Schmelzen eines Materials und zum Zerstäuben des geschmolzenen Materials zum Herstellen von Pulver
US10946449B2 (en) 2013-12-20 2021-03-16 Nanoval Gmbh & Co. Kg Device and method for melting a material without a crucible and for atomizing the melted material in order to produce powder

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US20080093045A1 (en) 2008-04-24
ATE425832T1 (de) 2009-04-15
CA2570924A1 (fr) 2005-12-29
DE502005006882D1 (de) 2009-04-30
EP1765536A2 (fr) 2007-03-28
WO2005123305A2 (fr) 2005-12-29
WO2005123305A3 (fr) 2006-06-01

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