EP1765536A2 - Proc d de fabrication de produits en m tal - Google Patents

Proc d de fabrication de produits en m tal

Info

Publication number
EP1765536A2
EP1765536A2 EP05748361A EP05748361A EP1765536A2 EP 1765536 A2 EP1765536 A2 EP 1765536A2 EP 05748361 A EP05748361 A EP 05748361A EP 05748361 A EP05748361 A EP 05748361A EP 1765536 A2 EP1765536 A2 EP 1765536A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metal
molten metal
gas
atomized
gas nozzle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05748361A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1765536B1 (fr
Inventor
Karl Rimmer
Gunther Schulz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MEESE-MARKTSCHEFFEL, JULIANE
Original Assignee
Schulz Gunther
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AT0102804A external-priority patent/AT413702B/de
Application filed by Schulz Gunther filed Critical Schulz Gunther
Priority to AT05748361T priority Critical patent/ATE425832T1/de
Publication of EP1765536A2 publication Critical patent/EP1765536A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1765536B1 publication Critical patent/EP1765536B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D23/00—Casting processes not provided for in groups B22D1/00 - B22D21/00
    • B22D23/003—Moulding by spraying metal on a surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/115—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by spraying molten metal, i.e. spray sintering, spray casting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/123—Spraying molten metal

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing products from metal, in particular powders, foils, coatings and moldings, such as bolts, pipes or sheets, from metals, which are used in the form of semi-finished products.
  • reactive metals such as titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, rhenium and their alloys, as well as of superalloys (alloys based on nickel or cobalt), are decisive for their purity, in particular through determines the absence of oxides and ceramic contaminants. Because of the high melting points of the metals and alloys mentioned and the mechanical properties thereof, forming processes and processes for machining are very time-consuming.
  • a method for plasma coating components and for spray compacting foils made of nickel-titanium alloys is known from US Pat. No. 6,043,451.
  • the metal is fed to a plasma torch as a powder or wire.
  • the production of powder and wire is very complex and expensive and requires at least one production stage based on (large format) semi-finished products. With powdered metal, there is also an increased risk of oxygen uptake due to the large surface area.
  • a disadvantage of the method known from US Pat. No. 6,043,451 A is the formation of a conical spray jet made of molten metal due to the radial symmetry of the plasma torch, as a result of which wider foils or coatings can only be produced by overlapping several spray cones or spraying several times with the same spray cone.
  • the layers produced in this way have an undesired, inhomogeneous surface profile (cf. FIG. 2a).
  • the production output is very low at only 3 kg / h (50 g / min) and is therefore not very suitable for the production of thicker films or coatings or semi-finished products such as bolts, pipes or sheets.
  • the atomization of liquids by gas atomization is known.
  • DE 197 58 111 A describes a method for manufacturing known from metal powders.
  • the molten metal emerges in the form of a film from a nozzle with a slot-shaped outlet opening.
  • the film is stabilized by a laminar gas flow in a Laval gas nozzle and then finely atomized.
  • the productivity of the nozzle system can be changed as desired by lengthening the nozzle slot without adversely affecting the powder quality.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a method of the type mentioned, with the direct transfer of metal, which is available for example as a commercially available semi-finished product in powder, metal foils, surface coatings or other-sized products (semi-finished products) with high productivity inexpensively and is possible without the risk of contamination.
  • metal in the form of a commercially available semi-finished product which for example has the shape of a cuboid
  • This spray jet is used to produce the desired metal product.
  • metal powders can be produced by the method according to the invention, it being particularly advantageous in embodiments that the method according to the invention also makes it possible to produce metal powders from reactive metals. In any case, it is ensured that contamination of the metal is excluded or at least largely prevented in the method according to the invention.
  • the process according to the invention can also be used to produce other metal products, for example by coating surfaces or producing semi-finished products such as foils, sheets or bolts.
  • the metal of the semi-finished product can be melted, atomized, sprayed onto a carrier and solidified on the carrier.
  • the method according to the invention can also be used, for example, for coating workpieces.
  • semi-finished products e.g. a bolt, of metal, which has a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape, is inductively melted on the surface of its two long sides of its end face.
  • the melting face is within the laminar gas flow of a linear nozzle.
  • the two halves of the linear venturi nozzle preferably consist of a material which is not coupled to the magnetic field of the induction heating.
  • tubes made of metal, preferably copper, are let into the venturi half-nozzle and serve as conductors for the inductive excitation current with simultaneous cooling by a cooling fluid, for example water.
  • a cooling fluid for example water.
  • the tubes are connected to each other at the ends of the Venturi half nozzle via additional tubes.
  • the gas streams sweep over the melting surface of the semi-finished part, for example in the form of a bolt. stuff and promote the melt in the form of two very thin films to the pin tip. Here both films combine and the resulting melt film is further stabilized, accelerated and finally atomized into fine droplets by the laminar gas flow.
  • the liquid (melt) film does not have to emerge from the nozzle with a downward movement.
  • the method according to the invention works independently of the position, ie not only vertically upwards, but also horizontally or vertically downwards, as well as in any other orientation.
  • the guidance of the liquid film, in particular the film of molten metal, through the gas flow is stronger than the gravity acting on the melt.
  • the independence of the position of the atomizing nozzle gives the designer of nozzle systems according to the invention design degrees of freedom that can be used in a reduction in the overall height of the system.
  • the method according to the invention is carried out in a container, in one embodiment a practically continuous production of metal products is possible by connecting a new semi-finished product to the semi-finished product which has almost been used up by melting, e.g. is connected by at least one weld seam.
  • the actual atomization process can be carried out continuously and inexpensively by repeated introduction and welding of further semi-finished products, in particular semi-finished products in the form of metal bars.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows an arrangement for carrying out the method according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows another arrangement for carrying out the method according to the invention
  • FIG. 3a shows a coating as can be obtained according to the prior art (US Pat. No. 6,043,451 A)
  • FIG. 3b a coating as can be produced when using the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 is an example of an application of the method according to the invention for producing a metal foil.
  • This arrangement consists of an elongated (linear) gas nozzle 1, in which water-cooled copper pipes 2 are arranged.
  • the copper pipes 2 are used to generate an inductive magnetic field.
  • the semi-finished product 3 to be processed made of metal with an essentially rectangular cross section is introduced into the elongated inlet opening of the gas nozzle 1 and melted contactlessly on its long sides under the action of the inductive magnetic field.
  • a gas flow 4 which is directed towards the elongated mouth of the gas nozzle 1 by a device which is not shown in more detail and which is preferably symmetrical, that is to say is directed into the gas nozzle 1 from both sides of the semi-finished product 3, takes the molten metal with it and conveys it to form a thin film 5 through the mouth of the gas nozzle 1.
  • the gas nozzle 1 used in the invention can be designed as a Laval nozzle or as a Venturi nozzle. After passing through the narrowest point of the gas nozzle 1 (elongated mouth thereof), the film 5 of molten metal is atomized into a linear, wedge-shaped, essentially tent-shaped spray jet 6. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the spray jet 6 is directed onto an endless and cooled metal strip 7 as a carrier.
  • the droplets of molten metal are liquid or at least partially liquid at the time of impact with the metal strip 7 and solidify to form a metal foil 8 with a homogeneous surface (except for the two edges). After it has completely solidified, which can be assisted by forced cooling, and detached from the metal strip 7, the metal foil 8 can be wound up into a foil roll 9.
  • the endless metal strip 7 or the semi-finished product - with the exception of the two edges - metal can be applied to the carrier 7 in a uniform thickness.
  • 3a shows the spraying result with a conventional round nozzle (cf. US Pat. No. 6,043,451 A), in which several metal beads 1 to 4 are sprayed side by side.
  • 3b shows a metal foil 8 which has been produced using the method according to the invention, in which a uniformly thick metal layer (foil 8) is produced in a single spraying process.
  • the productivity of the method of the invention can be set as desired via the length of the spray jet and via the melting heating power of the induction heating.
  • the metal which is preferably added as a raw material in the form of semi-finished products, is converted into the desired end product in one work step, therefore only comes into contact with the atomizing gas and, if the purity of the gas atmosphere is high enough, can be converted into the metal product without increasing impurities become.
  • reactive metal or alloy is thermally compressed by spray compacting, the starting material in the form of semi-finished products being melted without contact, in particular inductively, and atomized to form a linear, wedge-shaped spray jet.
  • the particles of the spray jet are, for example, solidified into metal powder, spray-compacted on a substrate to form a product or applied to a component as a surface coating.
  • any metals in particular reactive metals such as titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, rhenium or an alloy based on these metals can be processed.
  • the method according to the invention is suitable for processing a nickel-titanium alloy or a superalloy based on nickel or cobalt.
  • the semi-finished product to be processed is a composite material consisting of high-melting phases and low-melting binder matrix.
  • the high melting phase can be a carbide.
  • the method according to the invention can be used, inter alia, to produce products in the form of films, sheets, tubes or bolts.
  • One advantage of the method according to the invention is that the purity of the product differs only slightly from the purity of the starting material (semi-finished product).
  • dispersoids are introduced in a targeted manner via a further nozzle.
  • Such dispersides can be, for example: silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, corundum (A1 2 0 3 ) or zirconium oxide.
  • the purpose of adding such dispersoids and other additives, which can also be volatile, is to influence the properties of the process product in the desired direction.
  • a release agent can be applied to the substrate before the spray compacting.
  • the method according to the invention can be carried out in particular in the production of metal powder as described below using an example.
  • a rod made of titanium with a rectangular cross-section (initial dimensions: width 50 mm, thickness 40 mm, length 3000 mm) is melted crucible with an induction frequency of 350 kHz and with 5 kg / min atomized.
  • a new rod after having passed the pre-lock chamber with inerting and pressure equalization, is brought to the end of the first rod facing away from the atomization, and the two rods become on their two The sides facing away from the melting unit are linearly welded together using a laser beam without filler material.
  • FIG. provides. This device has a linear gas nozzle 10 with internal supply of the primary atomizing gas 13. An induction coil 12 is integrated in the linear gas nozzle 10. As indicated schematically in FIG. 2, primary atomizing gas 13 emerges from the linear gas nozzle 10, namely symmetrically in the exemplary embodiment shown, so that two streams of primary atomizing gas 13 are present.
  • a secondary gas flow 14 is provided in the linear gas nozzle 10, which forms a melt film 21 on the metal that melts from the metal rod 15 with a rectangular cross section.
  • the melting metal rod 15 is advanced towards the gas nozzle 10 by rotatingly driven guide rollers 18.
  • the primary guest streams 13 are generated by the atomizing gas supplied primarily within the gas nozzle 10.
  • the primary gas streams 13 generate a local negative pressure, through which gas is sucked in, which forms the secondary gas streams 14 serving as support gas.
  • the entire arrangement is housed in a housing 19 which is filled with an inert gas, in particular argon, the gas in the housing 19 being at the same pressure as the container environment.
  • an inert gas in particular argon
  • the metal rod 15 can be a rod made of titanium, for example. Under the action of the primary atomizing gas streams 13, a spray jet of metal droplets 22 is formed from the melt film 21. These droplets of molten metal 22 can solidify into a powder or, as described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2b, can be spray compacted.
  • a further metal rod with a rectangular cross-section can be added to the melting metal rod 15 by connecting it to the metal rod 15 by means of two weld seams 17, which are particularly parallel to 2 are aligned, is connected.
  • the tracked metal rod 16 is also guided by rotationally driven guide rollers 18.
  • a container 25 is also provided, in which the molten metal (metal droplets or powder particles 22), which is divided into droplets, solidify to form a metal powder.
  • the metal of the semi-finished products 15 is melted, atomized and atomized by an inductive magnetic field 12 Chamber 25 is solidified to a powder or sprayed onto a support and solidified on the support.
  • the molten metal is supplied in a gas nozzle 10, which is designed either as a Laval nozzle or as a Venturi nozzle, as a film 21, which is stabilized by gas streams 14, and then atomized by further gas streams 13.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication de produits en métal tels que des poudres, des pellicules, des revêtements et des pièces moulées telles que des boulons, des tubes ou des tôles en métal, sous forme de demi-produit (15). Selon ledit procédé, le métal du demi-produit (15) est fondu et pulvérisé au moyen d'un champ magnétique inductif (12), et amené à se solidifier sous forme de poudre dans une chambre (35) ou pulvérisé sur un support et compacté sur le support. Le métal fondu est introduit en tant que pellicule (21) stabilisée par des courants de gaz (14) dans une buse à gaz (10) conçue en tant que buse de Laval ou en tant que buse de Venturi, puis pulvérisé par d'autres courants de gaz (13).
EP05748361A 2004-06-17 2005-06-16 Procede de fabrication de produits en metal Not-in-force EP1765536B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT05748361T ATE425832T1 (de) 2004-06-17 2005-06-16 Verfahren zum herstellen von erzeugnissen aus metall

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0102804A AT413702B (de) 2004-06-17 2004-06-17 Verfahren zum herstellen von erzeugnissen aus metall
AT13222004 2004-08-02
PCT/AT2005/000214 WO2005123305A2 (fr) 2004-06-17 2005-06-16 Procédé de fabrication de produits en métal

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1765536A2 true EP1765536A2 (fr) 2007-03-28
EP1765536B1 EP1765536B1 (fr) 2009-03-18

Family

ID=35276348

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05748361A Not-in-force EP1765536B1 (fr) 2004-06-17 2005-06-16 Procede de fabrication de produits en metal

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20080093045A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1765536B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE425832T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2570924A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE502005006882D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005123305A2 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108247075A (zh) * 2018-04-23 2018-07-06 安徽哈特三维科技有限公司 一种用于气雾化法制备超高温金属球形粉体的雾化器装置
DE202014011339U1 (de) 2013-12-20 2019-07-15 Nanoval Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung zum tiegelfreien Schmelzen eines Materials und zum Zerstäuben des geschmolzenen Materials zum Herstellen von Pulver

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006051936B4 (de) * 2006-11-01 2014-03-20 Zollern Bhw Gleitlager Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung zweier miteinander verbundener Schichten und nach dem Verfahren herstellbares Funktionsbauteil
DE102013008396B4 (de) 2013-05-17 2015-04-02 G. Rau Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Umschmelzen und/oder Umschmelzlegieren metallischer Werkstoffe, insbesondere von Nitinol
FR3054462B1 (fr) * 2016-07-29 2020-06-19 Safran Aircraft Engines Procede d'atomisation de gouttes metalliques en vue de l'obtention d'une poudre metallique
DE102019122000A1 (de) * 2019-08-15 2021-02-18 Ald Vacuum Technologies Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Zerteilen einer elektrisch leitfähigen Flüssigkeit

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US2864137A (en) * 1952-10-25 1958-12-16 Helen E Brennan Apparatus and method for producing metal strip
GB1359486A (en) * 1970-06-20 1974-07-10 Vandervell Products Ltd Methods and apparatus for producing composite metal material
GB1517283A (en) * 1974-06-28 1978-07-12 Singer Alec Production of metal articles
JPS6217103A (ja) * 1985-07-16 1987-01-26 Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk 金属粉末の製造方法
DE3533964C1 (de) * 1985-09-24 1987-01-15 Alfred Prof Dipl-Ing Dr-I Walz Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Feinstpulver in Kugelform
US5022455A (en) * 1989-07-31 1991-06-11 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Method of producing aluminum base alloy containing silicon
DE4102101C2 (de) * 1991-01-25 2003-12-18 Ald Vacuum Techn Ag Einrichtung zum Herstellen von Pulvern aus Metallen
US5609922A (en) * 1994-12-05 1997-03-11 Mcdonald; Robert R. Method of manufacturing molds, dies or forming tools having a cavity formed by thermal spraying
US6254661B1 (en) * 1997-08-29 2001-07-03 Pacific Metals Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for production of metal powder by atomizing
WO1999054524A1 (fr) * 1998-04-17 1999-10-28 Gkn Sinter Metals Gmbh Procede de realisation d'une couche metallique frittee a porosite ouverte

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202014011339U1 (de) 2013-12-20 2019-07-15 Nanoval Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung zum tiegelfreien Schmelzen eines Materials und zum Zerstäuben des geschmolzenen Materials zum Herstellen von Pulver
CN108247075A (zh) * 2018-04-23 2018-07-06 安徽哈特三维科技有限公司 一种用于气雾化法制备超高温金属球形粉体的雾化器装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2570924A1 (fr) 2005-12-29
WO2005123305A2 (fr) 2005-12-29
DE502005006882D1 (de) 2009-04-30
EP1765536B1 (fr) 2009-03-18
US20080093045A1 (en) 2008-04-24
ATE425832T1 (de) 2009-04-15
WO2005123305A3 (fr) 2006-06-01

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