EP0593984B1 - Wandbauelement sowie daraus gebildete Wand - Google Patents
Wandbauelement sowie daraus gebildete Wand Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0593984B1 EP0593984B1 EP93116233A EP93116233A EP0593984B1 EP 0593984 B1 EP0593984 B1 EP 0593984B1 EP 93116233 A EP93116233 A EP 93116233A EP 93116233 A EP93116233 A EP 93116233A EP 0593984 B1 EP0593984 B1 EP 0593984B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wall
- plates
- elements
- element according
- plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
- E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
- E04C2/36—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by transversely-placed strip material, e.g. honeycomb panels
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
- E04C2/12—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of solid wood
Definitions
- the invention relates to a wall component for forming a building wall according to the preamble of claim 1 and a wall formed from a plurality of such wall components.
- Building walls made of wood or wood-based materials are usually created at the installation site by setting up a support structure and then planking the support structure with wood or fibreboard. If necessary, the double-walled wall formed in this way is filled with an insulating material.
- the creation of such a wall is relatively complex and therefore cost-intensive due to the large number of works to be carried out on the construction site. In addition, the training is less straightforward, i.e. angled wall profiles very labor intensive.
- a wall component which has two vertical, parallel wall panels made of wood, which have a horizontal, approximately centrally arranged, short multi-wall panel made of wood are kept at a distance.
- the wall panels each have connecting elements in the form of grooves and tongues on their top, bottom and end faces so that adjacent wall components can engage.
- the wall component due to the short, central multi-wall sheet, the wall component has a relatively low spatial stability, and the multi-wall panel complicates the arrangement of vertical supports of a structural support system of a building inside the wall composed of the wall components.
- EP-0 125 196 A1 shows a wall component in the form of a rectangular box, which is formed from two vertical plates and two horizontal plates. The box is open on opposite sides facing the wall surfaces, ie in the horizontal direction. To build the wall, several wall components are arranged on and next to each other. In this state, the wall surfaces are still open. Then the wall on the 5 one side is closed with wooden panels, whereupon the wall, which is still open on one side, is filled with insulation material before wooden panels are attached to the second side. The construction of the wall therefore still requires a large number of processing steps on the construction site, so that a wall component in the generic sense is not present.
- the wall according to EP-0 125 196-A1 also provides a multiplicity of horizontal webs which run through the entire wall and make it impossible to arrange vertical supports within the wall.
- the invention has for its object to provide a simple to use wall component and a wall of a variety of such wall components that can be erected quickly.
- the hollow box-like wall components formed in this way can be assembled into a wall by arranging them in several layers one above the other.
- the connecting elements on the wall plates ensure that both the wall components arranged next to one another in one layer and the one above the other engage one another, so that a secure mutual positioning of the wall components and sufficient overall stability of the wall is ensured.
- the web plates which keep the wall plates at a mutual distance, run essentially perpendicular to the Wall plates so that a stable box with a substantially rectangular cross section is formed.
- the multi-wall sheets also consist of wood or wood-based material, so that the wall component is constructed from a uniform material.
- the wall panels and the multi-wall panels are preferably glued or glued to one another and / or clamped and / or screwed and / or nailed and / or anchored.
- Tongue and groove have proven themselves as connecting elements, so that the training and attachment of special fittings is unnecessary.
- a tongue is provided on the top of each wall plate, while a corresponding groove is formed on the bottom.
- Corresponding tongue and groove designs are also provided on the end faces of the wall panels.
- the outside of the multi-skin sheets is flush with the end faces of the wall sheets. In this way, the outside of the multi-wall sheets of wall components lying next to one another come into contact, so that the wall components come into full contact.
- gluing and / or screwing the abutting web plates of adjacent wall components a secure mutual positioning of the wall components and a high wall stability can be achieved.
- the top of the multi-wall sheets is flush with the tops of the wall panels.
- the underside of the multi-wall sheets runs at a certain distance above the undersides of the wall sheets. In this way there is one between the top of the web plates Wall component and the underside of the multi-wall sheets of a wall component arranged above it formed a through-channel extending in the longitudinal direction of the wall, which can be used for receiving installation lines and pipes.
- the interior of the wall component delimited by the wall panels and the web panels is preferably filled with insulating material.
- This can be glass wool, cellulose, wood wool, cork shot, straw, straw clay, light straw clay or similar filling material.
- the outer wall plate is provided with a facing on its outside.
- the veneer can be held at a distance from the outer wall plate by means of a support structure, for example a slat arrangement. This creates a ventilated facade.
- the facing can be formed by a profile formwork, a plaster or a clinker.
- a profile formwork has the advantage that the upper profile formwork layer of a wall component can engage with the lower profile formwork layer of a wall component arranged above it via a tongue and groove connection, so that the facing of adjacent wall components are mutually fixed and supported.
- the wall panels are preferably essentially flat, so that the wall component has a cuboid shape.
- a wall component can be provided to form a wall corner, the wall panels of which are angled in themselves.
- the wall panels consist of two interconnected panel elements that engage or detachable fittings can be disengaged. It is also possible that the plate elements run at a certain angle to each other, so that such a wall component can be used as a corner block. To form a building corner, the plate elements are preferably arranged at a right angle to one another.
- a wall component that can be assembled by detachable fittings has the further advantage that it can be guided around a predetermined vertical support of a building support structure without having to damage the wall component.
- the object is achieved according to the invention in that the wall components are arranged one above the other and next to one another in several layers and are connected to one another.
- the wall components are preferably glued or glued to one another and / or clamped and / or screwed and / or nailed and / or pegged.
- Adjacent wall components of a layer are connected to one another in addition to the connecting elements of the wall panels via the outer surfaces of the multi-wall panels arranged on the end face.
- the wall components arranged one above the other engage with the tongue and groove connection of their wall panels and are likewise connected to one another in the manner mentioned.
- the craftsman setting up the wall can thus set up a double-walled building wall in a relatively short time using easily assembled wall components, which can have a length of about one meter, a height of about 40 cm and a depth corresponding to the desired wall thickness and are therefore easy to handle which has a high stability.
- the interior of the wall formed between the wall panels can be filled with insulation material, for example cellulose, wood wool, cork meal, straw, straw clay or glass wool, so that good thermal and / or acoustic insulation can be achieved.
- insulation material for example cellulose, wood wool, cork meal, straw, straw clay or glass wool, so that good thermal and / or acoustic insulation can be achieved.
- a supporting structure in the form of a spatial frame is set up for the building, which includes vertical supports, horizontal beams and thresholds.
- the thresholds run on the basement ceiling or base plate in the desired orientation of the wall.
- the wall components that form the lower layer of the wall can be placed on the thresholds.
- the wall plates of the lower layer of the wall elements receive the threshold of the building support structure between them and are connected to it. This can be achieved in that the underside of the multi-wall sheets run at a certain distance above the underside of the wall panels, so that the multi-wall sheets do not hinder reaching around the threshold.
- the vertical supports of the building support structure should be arranged within the wall structure. For this reason it is provided that the wall panels receive a support of the building support structure between them and are connected to it. This can be achieved, on the one hand, by at least one web plate of the wall component being displaced inwards towards the center thereof, so that the wall plates project freely on one side of the wall component and can thus encompass the preassembled cap without the web plate interfering with this.
- a wall component for receiving a support the wall plates of which consist of plate elements connected to one another by detachable fittings.
- Such a two-part wall component is put together via the fittings after the support has been inserted between the freely projecting plate elements. If the connected plate elements lie in one plane, a wall component of the said cuboid shape is formed. However, if the plate elements are assembled at an angle of, for example, 90 °, a wall component is created for a right-angled building corner, in which a corner support of the frame construction can be accommodated.
- an angle piece is arranged between two wall components which engages with the wall components via connecting elements.
- the angle piece is preferably made of wood and has an approximately rhombus-shaped cross section, the long sides of which are each connected to the end faces of the adjacent wall components, for example via a tongue and groove connection.
- the wall components thus run at an angle to one another, the size of which depends on the shape of the angle piece.
- a wall component 10 has two vertical, parallel flat wall plates 11 and 12 made of wood or a wood-based material.
- the lateral ends of the wall plates 11 and 12 are spaced apart by means of web plates 13 and 14 which run perpendicular to the wall plates 11 and 12 and which likewise consist of wood or wood-based material.
- the wall panels and the multi-wall panels are glued to one another and anchored to one another via dowels 17.
- the outside of the web plates 13 and 14 merges flush with the end faces of the wall plates 11 and 12. In this way, a hollow box with a rectangular cross section is formed, which is open on the top and the bottom and delimits an interior space 20.
- the tops of the multi-wall sheets are flush with the tops of the wall panels.
- the undersides of the multi-wall sheets run at a certain distance above the undersides of the wall plates.
- Connection elements in the form of a groove 16 or a spring 15 are arranged both on the top and underside of the wall plates 11 and 12 and on their end faces, which are used to engage corresponding connection elements of adjacent wall components.
- each wall plate 11 or 12 has a groove 16 on its one end side and a tongue 15 on its opposite end side, the wall plates being mutually aligned such that a groove 16 and a tongue 15 are provided on each side of the wall component 10 are.
- the profile formwork 18 consists of profile slats 18a, which are equipped on their upper side with a tongue 18b and on their underside with a groove 18c.
- the spring 18b of a profile batten 18a engages in the groove 18c of the profile batten 18a arranged above it and is fixed in it, so that the profile batten are mutually fixed.
- the spring 18b of the upper profile batten 18a of a wall component 10 can engage in the groove 18c of the lower profile batten 18a of a wall component 10 arranged above and be fixed in it, so that the individual Composite wall components of the profile formwork 18 is reached.
- the profile formwork 18 is held at a distance from the outer wall plate 12, so that an intermediate space 21 is provided for rear ventilation.
- the wall components 10 are arranged one above the other in several layers and connected to one another.
- the grooves 16 and tongues 15 formed on the mutually facing end faces are brought into engagement.
- the mutually facing outer surfaces of the multi-wall sheets 15 of adjacent wall components lie against one another so that the multi-wall sheets 14 can be screwed together.
- the profile formwork 18 of adjacent wall components butt against each other.
- the interior of the wall components 10 can then be filled with an insulating material 26, for example cellulose, wood wool, cork shot, glass wool or straw (FIG. 3), whereupon the next layer of wall components 10 is put on.
- the wall components 10 of the next layer engage with their grooves 16 formed on the underside of the wall panels 11 and 12 with the springs 15 formed on the top of the wall panels of the wall component arranged underneath and are additionally glued.
- the lower profile batten 18a of the upper wall component 10 engages with the upper profile batten 18a of the underlying wall component in the manner described.
- a through-channel 27 which runs in the longitudinal direction of the wall and which can accommodate the various installation lines is formed in the case of stacked wall components.
- a basement ceiling or a base plate 24 is formed, on which a threshold 22 is arranged and fixed.
- the width of the threshold 22 corresponds to the distance between the wall plates 11 and 12, i.e. the clear width of the wall component.
- the underside of the wall component 10 is placed on the threshold 22, the wall panels 11 and 12 partially receiving the threshold 22 between them.
- the wall component is fully positioned when the undersides of the web plates 13 and 14 come into contact with the top of the threshold 22. In this position shown in Figure 3, the wall component is fixed to the threshold 22 by means of a screw and / or an adhesive or in some other way.
- an outside profile 25 is also shown, as is a floor extension 23 attached to the basement ceiling or the base plate 24.
- a vertical support 28 of the spatial support frame has a square cross section and is arranged at the intersection of two walls which run essentially perpendicular to one another, each consist of the previously explained wall components 10.
- a wall component 30 in the form of a corner block is provided, which has two vertical, essentially parallel wall panels 31 and 32 made of wood, which are kept at a distance via web panels 13 and 14 in the manner described.
- Each wall plate 31 and 32 is constructed from two vertical plate elements 31a and 31b or 32a and 32b which can be attached to one another and which can be detachably connected to one another by means of fittings 33 mounted on the end face.
- the outer plate elements 31a and 31b and the inner plate elements 32a and 32b each run perpendicular to one another, so that a right-angled corner is formed.
- the outer plate elements 31a and 31b are correspondingly longer than the inner plate elements 32a and 32b.
- a profile formwork 18 is kept at a distance by means of vertical slats 19, a cover strip 34 being placed on the outside corner at which the profile formworks 18 converge.
- the assembly of the corner block 30 is explained below. If the plate elements 31a and 31b on the one hand and the plate elements 32a and 32b on the other hand are separated from one another, two building block parts are formed, each of which is a web plate 14 and a long outer plate element 31a or 31b projecting therefrom and a projecting short plate element running parallel to the latter 32a or 32b. One of these parts is placed on the support 28 so that the inclined connection plane of the part coincides approximately with the diagonal of the support 28. On the other, offset by 90 ° Side of the support 28, the other part of the corner block is then arranged accordingly, so that the free edges of the parts on which the fittings 33 are arranged can be attached to each other. The corner block is then fixed in a suitable manner on the support 28 and the interior of the corner block is filled with insulating material 26.
- the corner module is connected to corner modules arranged above or below via a tongue and groove connection in the manner shown above. The same applies to the connection of the corner block to the wall components 10 of the adjacent walls.
- FIG. 5 shows a wall corner in which two wall regions formed by wall components 10 meet at an angle of approximately 135 °.
- an angle piece 29 acting as an adapter is arranged, which has an essentially rhombus-shaped cross-section, the outer short rhombus edges being flush with the outer sides of the wall panels 12 of the wall components 10, while the long rhombus edges are each connected via a tongue and groove connection Face of the adjacent wall component 10 are engaged.
- the angle piece 29 consists of wood, preferably solid wood, and can be designed as a vertical adapter support, so that only one angle piece 29 is necessary for several layers of wall components 10. However, it is also possible to provide a separate angle piece for each layer.
- the profile formwork 18 of the wall components 10 described above is preferably extended in the area of the corner beyond the wall component 10, so that the free ends of the profile formwork in the outer corner point of the elbow 29 come to rest.
- an end strip 35 is attached from the outside.
- FIG. 5 A so-called outer corner is shown in FIG. 5, the angle formed between the adjacent walls on the outside being larger than the angle formed on the inside. With an appropriate structure, however, an inner corner can also be formed, in which case the profile formwork would be attached to the lower wall panels 11 according to FIG. 5.
- FIG. 6 shows an alternative embodiment of a building or Wall corner shown in Figure 4.
- a vertical support 38 of the spatial support frame has a square cross section and is arranged at the intersection of two walls running essentially perpendicular to one another, each of which consists of the wall components 10 explained in more detail above.
- a wall component 40 is provided in the form of a corner module, which consists of two individual modules 40a and 40b.
- the corner block 40a has two vertical, essentially parallel wall panels 41a and 41b made of wood, which are kept at a distance in the manner described via a web plate 43.
- the web plate 43 is arranged at a distance from the end faces of the wall plates 41a and 41b.
- the wall plates 41a and 41b are not connected to one another via a web plate, so that the vertical support 38 can be inserted between the wall plates 41a and 41b.
- the inside of the wall plates 41a and 41b lies against the side surfaces of the vertical support 38.
- the further individual module 40b has two vertical, Wall plates 42a and 42b running parallel to one another, which are kept at a distance via two web plates 43 and 44.
- the outer wall plate 42b is approximately twice as long as the inner wall plate 42a, but the end faces of the wall plates 42a and 42b facing away from the support 38 lie in one plane.
- the web plate 44 facing the support 38 is flush with the end face of the shorter, inner wall plate 42a and is approximately the same with the outer wall plate 42b Middle area connected.
- a profile formwork 18 is kept at a distance in the manner already explained by means of vertical slats 19, a cover strip 34 being placed on the outside at the outer corner at which the profile formworks 18 converge .
- the first individual component 40a is positioned relative to the vertical support 38 in such a way that the support 38 is arranged between the wall plates 41a and 41b.
- the end faces of the wall plates 41a and 41b are flush with the one side surface of the vertical support 38.
- the further individual component 40b is then attached laterally to the vertical support 38 in such a way that the end face of the inner wall plate 42a and the web plate 44 which is flush with it are on the Outside of the wall plate 41a of the individual component 40a come to rest.
- the outer, longer wall plate 42b of the individual component 40b is flush with the end faces of the wall plates 41a and 41b, and the end surface that is flush therewith Side surface of the vertical support 38 brought into contact.
- This state is shown in Figure 6.
- the individual building blocks 40a and 40b are then fixed in a suitable manner to one another and to the support 38, and the interior of the individual building blocks is filled with insulating material 26.
- the corner module 40 is connected to corner modules arranged above or below it via a tongue and groove connection in the manner explained above. The same applies to the connection of the corner block to the wall components 10 of the adjacent walls.
- a wooden cladding or plasterboard board 45 As shown in FIG. 6, the inside of the wall formed from the wall building blocks and the corner building blocks is provided with a wooden cladding or plasterboard board 45. It can also be a so-called Fermacell plate. A corresponding plate or cladding can also be provided in the other exemplary embodiments.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
- Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)
- Luminescent Compositions (AREA)
- Steroid Compounds (AREA)
- Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE9214307U | 1992-10-23 | ||
DE9214307U DE9214307U1 (de) | 1992-10-23 | 1992-10-23 | Wandbauelement sowie daraus gebildete Wand |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0593984A1 EP0593984A1 (de) | 1994-04-27 |
EP0593984B1 true EP0593984B1 (de) | 1997-01-08 |
Family
ID=6885129
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93116233A Expired - Lifetime EP0593984B1 (de) | 1992-10-23 | 1993-10-07 | Wandbauelement sowie daraus gebildete Wand |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5425211A (da) |
EP (1) | EP0593984B1 (da) |
JP (1) | JPH06341177A (da) |
AT (1) | ATE147459T1 (da) |
CA (1) | CA2108842A1 (da) |
DE (2) | DE9214307U1 (da) |
FI (1) | FI934644A (da) |
NO (1) | NO933780L (da) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FI101494B1 (fi) * | 1996-11-27 | 1998-06-30 | Jouni Tapio Repo | Itsekantava hirrenomainen rakennuselementti |
DE19653633A1 (de) * | 1996-12-20 | 1999-06-24 | Kai Tec | Vorfabrizierte Holzelement-Bauweise für vorzugsweise Niedrigenergiebauten mit vollständiger zerstörungsfreier Rückbaufähigkeit |
DE19723341A1 (de) * | 1997-06-04 | 1998-12-10 | Josef Knocke | Bauelement für Gebäudewände |
KR20060062708A (ko) * | 2004-12-06 | 2006-06-12 | 김삼권 | 벽체 시공용 마감 거푸집 조립체 |
FR2916461A1 (fr) * | 2007-05-21 | 2008-11-28 | K Asa B Io Sarl | Module caisson de construction |
FR2920450B1 (fr) * | 2007-08-28 | 2013-11-29 | Alpha Creation Production | Elements prefabriques de construction en bois et systeme constructif mettant en oeuvre lesdits elements |
GB2457891B (en) * | 2008-02-26 | 2010-05-12 | Modcell Ltd | Construction panel |
FR2930793B1 (fr) * | 2008-05-05 | 2010-06-18 | Patrick Alonso | Systeme constructif en bois a double barriere d'etancheite |
MY158546A (en) * | 2009-10-01 | 2016-10-14 | Univ Putra Malaysia | Architectonic spacer building system |
FR3009730A1 (fr) * | 2013-08-19 | 2015-02-20 | David Legrand | Panneaux autoporteur pre-usine pre perce pour la construction, isole. panneaux structurelles auto-porteur |
DE202017000543U1 (de) | 2017-02-01 | 2017-04-25 | Werner Ehrich | Bauelement aus gepresstem Stroh mit Rahmen |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US994027A (en) * | 1910-03-12 | 1911-05-30 | William H O'beirne | Interlocking concrete panels. |
GB123390A (en) * | 1918-02-20 | 1919-02-20 | Charles Laurence Burdick | Improvements in Coin Actuated Machines. |
US3728834A (en) * | 1971-07-16 | 1973-04-24 | A Dean | Building corner assembly |
US3999349A (en) * | 1975-01-28 | 1976-12-28 | Anthony La Grassa | Masonry wall construction and laminated building block units therefor |
FR2542026A2 (fr) * | 1982-05-13 | 1984-09-07 | Auclair Daniel | Procede pour la construction de murs en bois et modules en bois pour ce procede |
CA1180528A (en) * | 1983-02-07 | 1985-01-08 | Leopold Bonicalzi | Insulated wall unit construction |
FR2543993B1 (fr) * | 1983-04-07 | 1985-12-06 | Grech Louis | Elements modulaires de construction en bois et structures obtenues |
FR2575203A1 (fr) * | 1984-12-21 | 1986-06-27 | Socopa Engineering | Construction a ossature bois |
US4976079A (en) * | 1988-11-18 | 1990-12-11 | Liljegren Said D | Building structure having stacked wooden beam walls |
FR2659370B1 (fr) * | 1990-03-09 | 1994-07-08 | Jean Mouysset | Procede de construction de murs de batiment, panneaux prefabriques utilises et procede de fabrication de ces panneaux. |
US5163259A (en) * | 1990-10-29 | 1992-11-17 | Hunsaker Theo R | Interlocking manufactured logs |
-
1992
- 1992-10-23 DE DE9214307U patent/DE9214307U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1993
- 1993-10-07 EP EP93116233A patent/EP0593984B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-10-07 DE DE59305053T patent/DE59305053D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-10-07 AT AT93116233T patent/ATE147459T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-10-14 US US08/136,009 patent/US5425211A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-10-20 CA CA002108842A patent/CA2108842A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-10-21 FI FI934644A patent/FI934644A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1993-10-21 NO NO933780A patent/NO933780L/no unknown
- 1993-10-25 JP JP5266481A patent/JPH06341177A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FI934644A0 (fi) | 1993-10-21 |
FI934644A (fi) | 1994-04-24 |
JPH06341177A (ja) | 1994-12-13 |
DE59305053D1 (de) | 1997-02-20 |
US5425211A (en) | 1995-06-20 |
NO933780D0 (no) | 1993-10-21 |
CA2108842A1 (en) | 1994-04-24 |
NO933780L (no) | 1994-04-25 |
ATE147459T1 (de) | 1997-01-15 |
DE9214307U1 (de) | 1993-03-04 |
EP0593984A1 (de) | 1994-04-27 |
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