Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D83/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
  • B65D83/0055—Containers or packages provided with a flexible bag or a deformable membrane or diaphragm for expelling the contents
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
  • B05B11/0005—Components or details
  • B05B11/0027—Means for neutralising the actuation of the sprayer ; Means for preventing access to the sprayer actuation means
  • B05B11/0029—Valves not actuated by pressure
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
  • B05B11/0005—Components or details
  • B05B11/0037—Containers
  • B05B11/0039—Containers associated with means for compensating the pressure difference between the ambient pressure and the pressure inside the container, e.g. pressure relief means
  • B05B11/0044—Containers associated with means for compensating the pressure difference between the ambient pressure and the pressure inside the container, e.g. pressure relief means compensating underpressure by ingress of atmospheric air into the container, i.e. with venting means
  • B05B11/00446—Containers associated with means for compensating the pressure difference between the ambient pressure and the pressure inside the container, e.g. pressure relief means compensating underpressure by ingress of atmospheric air into the container, i.e. with venting means the means being located at the bottom of the container or of an enclosure surrounding the container
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
  • B05B11/0005—Components or details
  • B05B11/0062—Outlet valves actuated by the pressure of the fluid to be sprayed
  • B05B11/0072—A valve member forming part of an outlet opening
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
  • B05B11/0005—Components or details
  • B05B11/0097—Means for filling or refilling the sprayer
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
  • B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
  • B05B11/02—Membranes or pistons acting on the contents inside the container, e.g. follower pistons
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
  • B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
  • B05B11/02—Membranes or pistons acting on the contents inside the container, e.g. follower pistons
  • B05B11/026—Membranes separating the content remaining in the container from the atmospheric air to compensate underpressure inside the container
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
  • B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
  • B05B11/10—Pump arrangements for transferring the contents from the container to a pump chamber by a sucking effect and forcing the contents out through the dispensing nozzle
  • B05B11/1028—Pumps having a pumping chamber with a deformable wall
  • B05B11/1032—Pumps having a pumping chamber with a deformable wall actuated without substantial movement of the nozzle in the direction of the pressure stroke
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
  • B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
  • B05B11/10—Pump arrangements for transferring the contents from the container to a pump chamber by a sucking effect and forcing the contents out through the dispensing nozzle
  • B05B11/1042—Components or details
  • B05B11/1066—Pump inlet valves
  • B05B11/1071—Two inlet valves being placed in a supply conduit one upstream of the other
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D2231/00—Means for facilitating the complete expelling of the contents
  • B65D2231/001—Means for facilitating the complete expelling of the contents the container being a bag
  • B65D2231/002—Means for facilitating the complete expelling of the contents the container being a bag comprising strips forming channels or liquid passageways
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D2583/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
  • B65D2583/005—Dispensers provided with a replaceable cartridge, recharge or pouch located within the dispenser

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a product dispenser, liquid to pasty, with deformable pocket. More specifically, it relates to a dispenser comprising a container inside which is disposed a pocket of easily deformable plastic complex, without air intake.
• a base carrying a dispensing member is generally held mechanically relative to the container.
• the material of the bag must be very flexible and very thin to have a very small shape memory so as to allow the bag to be completely emptied, even when the dispensing member comprises a manual pump which, as is known , works all the better when the vacuum in the pocket is low, the pocket being without air intake when, in particular, the products contained in the pocket are sensitive to air; this is the case, for example, of cosmetic products.
• FR-A-2 648 794 shows such a dispenser of the kind in which the bag is formed from a sheath obtained by welding, along at least one longitudinal strip, the longitudinal edges of a strap, the peripheral length of the section straight of the sheath being substantially equal to the peripheral length of the base, said longitudinal weld strip cutting a weld strip from the bottom end in a region separate from the ends of said weld strip from the bottom end.
• the bag is fixed to the base by crimping which risks damaging the relatively fragile plastic complex, in particular when its thickness is small so that it is easily deformable.
• the tightness at this fixing by crimping also requires improvement.
• US-A-3,662,926 shows a dispenser with a deformable pocket made from a flexible tube devoid of longitudinal weld strip.
• the pocket is fixed by welding to the base. Welding does not pose any major problem, in this case, since the pocket is not made of a plastic complex and does not include a longitudinal weld strip, constituting an additional thickness.
• the invention aims to make a dispenser in which the product is particularly sheltered from air, this dispenser in front allow practically the entire pocket to be emptied.
• the material of the pocket must therefore be particularly airtight, which can be obtained by using a complex material, with several layers.
• the attachment of the pocket to the base must also be airtight. It is further desirable that the manufacturing remains simple and reliable.
• the present invention therefore relates to a product dispenser, liquid to pasty, comprising a container inside which is disposed a pocket of easily deformable plastic complex, without air intake, a base carrying the dispensing member being mechanically held relative to the container, a bottom end of said pocket being welded along a strip, dispenser in which said pocket is formed from a sheath obtained by welding, along at least one longitudinal strip, the longitudinal edges of a strap , the peripheral length of the straight section of the sheath being equal to the peripheral length of the base, said longitudinal weld strip cutting said weld strip from the bottom end in a zone distinct from the ends of said weld strip the bottom end, characterized in that:
• the longitudinal weld strip welds an inner face of a longitudinal edge of the strap to the inner face of the other longitudinal edge of the strap, the welded faces being located on the same side of the strap, - the base includes a welding area, and
• the welded assembly of the two longitudinal edges of the strap is folded against the outer surface of the sheath and welded in this position by welding the end of the pocket on the welding surface of the base.
• the weld surface has at all points a radius of curvature greater than 0.5 mm.
• the strap from which said pocket is formed can have a thickness of between 20 and 200 microns.
• the pocket is made of a complex material consisting of at least three layers, including an internal layer directly welded to the welding surface of the base and an external layer intended for the mechanical protection of the pocket.
• the inner layer and / or the outer layer is made of a material from the group formed by polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide, polyester.
• the intermediate layer arranged between the outer layer and the inner layer, is made of a material from the group formed by poly (ethylene / vinyl acetate) chloride, poly (ethylene / vinyl alcohol), polyacrylonitrile, aluminum, polyamide.
• the material of the inner layer has a lower melting point than that of the material of the outer layer.
• the external layer is made of a material from the group formed by polyester, polyethylene terephthalate, ceramic polyester, metallized polyester, in particular aluminized polyester.
• this outer layer has a film, serving as an adhesive, made of a material from the group polyurethene, polyethylene, polyvinylidene chloride.
• the melting point of the outer layer is substantially between 220 ° C and 280 ° C.
• the internal layer is made of a material from the group formed by polyethylene, polyethylene containing zeolites loaded with sanitizers and / or preservatives.
• the melting point of the inner layer is substantially between 180 ° C and 200 ° C.
• the longitudinal weld strip of the pocket is located in the region of the welding surface of the base where the radius of curvature is maximum.
• the weld strip at the bottom end may be straight, or in a broken or curvilinear line.
• the base includes stop means cooperating with the upper edge of the container.
• the container can be made of a rigid material and has an air intake orifice.
• the container is made of a flexible memory material and is associated with a valve arranged in a direction such that the air present in the container is compressed when an action is exerted on the container with a view to dispensing the product contained in the pocket.
• the container may be made of transparent material and associated with a screen arranged inside the container, outside the pocket, said screen masking said pocket.
• the container can be welded to the base, in line with a welding surface, arranged above the welding surface of the pocket on the base.
• the container can receive, at its end opposite to that which receives the base, a bottom secured to the container by welding or gluing.
• the dispensing member can be a diaphragm pump, a needle valve or a manual pump.
• the base and the container can carry indexing means making it possible to position the base relative to the container.
• the base includes an anti-prisoner device; the anti-prisoner device is passable by a filling cannula.
• FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a dispenser according to the invention, showing its various constituent parts
• FIG. 2 shows a sub-assembly of the dispenser according to Figure 1, showing the bag and the assembled base;
• Figure 3 is a section of the assembled dispenser of Figure 1;
• FIG. 4 is a simplified schematic cross section of the pocket and the base along the line IV-IV of Figure 2, with a magnifying glass on the weld strip;
• - Figure 5 is a variant of distributor according to the invention, in section.
• FIG. 6 is a refill, for dispenser according to the invention, partially in section;
• FIG. 7 is a partial axial section of a variant of a dispenser using the refill according to FIG. 6.
• FIG. 8 is a variant of a dispenser according to FIG. 7.
• FIG. 9 is an axial section of a variant of dispenser whose head comprises a member for ensuring an opening / closing;
• FIG. 10 is a section along line X-X, of Figure 9, while the head is in the open position;
• a dispenser 1 of liquid to pasty product which comprises a flexible pocket 2, deformable.
• the pocket 2 is made integral, in the upper part, by means of a base 7, of a rigid outer container 4, of cylindrical shape, the cross section of which can have a shape different from the circular shape, for example a Oval shape.
• the container 4 is provided with a bottom 5 comprising an orifice 6, to establish communication with the atmosphere.
• a manual pump 8, without air intake, surmounted by a push button 9, is fixed to the base 7 which has the shape of a bowl.
• the bowl 7 is provided, on its outer wall, with the welding surface 10 on which is engaged the upper part of the pocket 2, which is fixed to the wall of the base by welding along the range of welding 10.
• the base 7 turns its concavity on the side opposite to the pocket 2.
• a sheath 12 is formed in the central zone of the bottom
• a rod 20 projects upwards relative to the pump body 8.
• the push-button internally has a bore suitable for receiving the end of the rod 20 and a conduit for establishing communication with the atmosphere through a nozzle. dispenser 21.
• the rod 20 can be pressed into the pump body and actuate a piston when pressure is exerted on the push-button 9, the return being ensured by a spring disposed inside the pump body.
• the base 7 Towards its upper end, the base 7 is provided with a collar 16 suitable for cooperating with a flange 22 provided at the upper part of the container 4.
• the bottom 11 of the bowl 7 carries anti-prisoner members 27 whose function, known in itself, is to prevent the walls of the flexible bag 2 from sticking against each other, for example in their middle zone, and to trap, in the lower part, a volume of product which cannot be ejected.
• the anti-prisoner members are advantageously constituted by fins 28 placed around the axis of the container and extend longitudinally downwards from the opening in which the base of the pump body 8 is engaged; the edge of each fin adjacent to the axis has a recess 29 leaving a passage for the product; the fins 28 advantageously come from molding with the bowl 7; of course, it is possible to provide any anti-prisoner device molded with the bottom 11 of the bowl, for example a grid or an openwork tube.
• the lower part 30 of the anti-prisoner members 27 is free, so as to allow the passage of a filling cannula of the bag 2 before the installation of the pump 8, when the bag 2 is filled by the high, after it has been fully completed; of course it is preferable that, in this case, the pump 8 be secured to the base 7 by breakdown.
• the container 4 is made of transparent material; a screen 31, made of a tube cut from a sheath obtained by extrusion, is placed in the container 4 and surrounds the pocket 2, by masking it; the screen 31 carries any desired marking and / or decoration.
• the screen 31 can be opaque or translucent; its wall can, advantageously, to obtain decorative effects, be wavy, or have ribs, for example, longitudinal.
• the material of the screen 31 can be arbitrary, since the screen is not in contact with the product: it is advantageously chosen to be biodegradable.
• the bag 2, shown in Figures 1, 3 and 4 is made of a complex material consisting of three layers; the inner layer i and the outer layer g are made of a material chosen from the group formed by polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide, and polyester.
• the intermediate layer m is made of a material chosen from the group formed by poly (ethylene / vinyl acetate) chloride, poly (ethylene / vinyl alcohol), polyacrylonitrile, aluminum, and a polyamide.
• a successful complex consisted of four successive layers, respectively of polyethylene terephthalate, polyurethane, aluminum, and polyethylene.
• the outer layer e is made of a material from the group formed by polyester, polyethylene terephthalate, ceramic polyester, metallized polyester, in particular aluminized.
• the treated polyesters atomization of silica for ceramic polyester, or vacuum metallization for metallized polyester
• this outer layer e_ has a film, serving as an adhesive, made of a material from the polyurethane, polyethylene, polyvinylidene chloride group.
• the melting point of the outer layer is substantially between 220 ° C and 280 ° C.
• the inner layer i is preferably made of polyethylene, or of polyethylene containing zeolites loaded with sanitizers and / or preservatives.
• the melting point of the inner layer is substantially between 180 ° and 200 ° C. The production of such a complex material is only possible in strips; therefore, the pocket 2 is obtained from a strap which has been welded the two longitudinal edges. In the example represented in FIGS.
• the pocket 2 is formed from a strap of which first welded the inner faces of two longitudinal edges which are located on the same side of the strap to obtain a longitudinal weld strip 32, and constitute a sheath which is cut to length; in a second step, the welded strip is folded over the external surface of the pocket, and held, at its ends, in this position, by welding the upper end of the pocket 2 to the welding surface 10 of the base 7.
• This welding operation of the upper end of the pocket begins with the welding of the folded strip 32.
• a heating welding tool in particular a knurling wheel, presses this folded strip 32 against the external surface of the pocket and against the welding surface 10.
• the external layer £ whose melting point is higher, can be heated to a temperature sufficient to melt the internal layer i and cause the welding of the surface 10, without this external layer s being crossed by the tool or passing through the internal layer.
• the welding surface 10, and more generally the base 7, are made of a material which can be welded to the internal layer i; for example the base 7 is made of polypropylene which can be welded with a polyethylene film.
• the folded strip 32 is welded at the same time as the sheath according to the transverse weld strip 33 which closes the pocket 2 at its lower part.
• the folded strip 32 and the strip 33 intersect in a portion of the strip 33 remote from its ends 33a and 33b.
• the straight section of the pocket is entirely contained in the straight section of the container 4, which allows and facilitates the positioning of the pocket in the container when the pocket is already full. This is one of the advantages of the pocket according to the invention.
• Said pocket can, moreover, also be filled from below; the composition and the low thickness of the complex allow, in fact, to weld the lower end of the pocket by pinching the product, present in the sheath, during welding, which ensures that there will be no air in the closed pocket. It is therefore possible to use a vacuum filling machine for the bag from the bottom.
• the welding strip 32 is located on the welding surface in an area where the radius of curvature is maximum; means for indexing the base relative to the container are provided if this indexing is not obtained automatically by the shape of their cross section.
• FIG. 5 shows a variant of a dispenser according to the invention, the container 104 of which consists of a sheath 134 made of flexible material, with shape memory, obtained by extrusion, and closed at its lower part by a bottom 105 made of rigid plastic material ; the bottom 105, attached to the sheath in the example shown and secured to it, for example by bonding or welding the end 135, may have a section different from that of the base 107 to which the end is secured sheath 134 upper container 104.
• This joining is obtained by welding the sheath 134 on a welding surface 136 of the base 107 located, on said base, above the welding range 110 of the flexible bag 102 on the base 107.
• the material of the sheath 134 may be any; as has been said about the screen 31 of Figures 1 and 3, it is advantageously chosen biodegradable.
• the base 107 has a sleeve 138, extending away from the pocket 102, on which is mounted, by clipping at 143, a dispensing head 139 whose dispensing orifice 142 is closed, at rest, by a needle 141 carried by an elastic membrane 140; a channel 144, in communication with the interior of the pocket 102, allows a distribution of the product by the dispensing orifice 142 when the latter is released by the needle 141 by action of the pressure of the product on the membrane 140; pressurizing the product is obtained by manual action on the flexible container 134 and is enabled by the presence of a bottom valve 137 cooperating with the orifice 106 for communication with the outside of the volume between the pocket 102 and inside container 134.
• the bottom 105 is replaced by a transverse weld of the bottom end of the container 104.
• Figure 6 shows a pocket 202 welded to a rigid base 207; the base 207 is provided with a neck 215 associated with a partially elastic element 250 to constitute a one-way opening valve; the element 250 comprises a hooking part 206 on a finger 214 integral with the base 207 and an elastic part 208 in the form of a frustoconical membrane bearing elastically against the bottom of the base; openings 217 allow the product to exit the bag while the membrane 208 prevents it, unless pressure is exerted on the walls of the bag; a cover 245 has, on the one hand, hooking means 246 on a circular rim 247 of the base 207 and, on the other hand, axial tongues 248 extending to the periphery of the membrane 208, so that, when the cover 245 is in place on the base 207, an action is exerted on the periphery of the membrane applied to its seat formed by the bottom of the base, thus preventing any product outlet, even if an action is exerted on the pocket
• Figure 7 shows a dispenser implementing the refill of Figure 6; after the cover 245 has been removed from the base 245, the refill is introduced into a container 204; a diaphragm pump 239, as known per se, is placed on the base 207 on which it is maintained by means of attachment means 249 carried by the neck 215 of the base, the pump itself carrying additional hanging means. It will be noted that, thanks to this arrangement, the product contained in the refill is never brought back into contact with air until its use proper.
• the diaphragm pump can also include a non-return valve 251, similar to the valve 250 carried by the base: this is the variant shown in FIG. 8.
• FIG. 9 shows another variant of a dispenser, the elements of which similar to the elements described above are designated by the same numbers of units and tens, preceded by a digit 3 of hundreds. Their description will not be repeated or will be made only succinctly.
• a container 304 There is a container 304, a flexible pocket 302 welded to a base 307 provided with an anti-prisoner member 327.
• a pump 339 with membrane M is mounted on the base. The pump body 339 can rotate, around the axis of the container 304, between a closed position and an open position.
• the pump body 339 comprises a cylindrical sleeve 360 of revolution coaxial with the container 304.
• This sleeve 360 is snapped, with the possibility of rotation about its axis, in a neck 315 cylindrical of revolution of the base 307.
• a hollow core 361 secured to the base 307 is engaged in the sleeve 360, in contact with its inner wall.
• the internal volume of the core 361 communicates with the pocket 302.
• the internal wall of the sleeve 360 has longitudinal grooves 362, regularly spaced, extending above the core 361 to open into a space 363 closed by a valve 350.
• the cylindrical wall of the core 361 has longitudinal windows 364, having the same angular spacing as the grooves 362.
• the length of the windows 364 is sufficient for them to be able to communicate with the grooves 362 when they occupy the same angular position. This corresponds to the open position of FIG. 10.
• the entire pocket and the base can be recycled for the manufacture of new bases. Indeed, the mass of the pocket is very small compared to that of the base and the amount of non-compatible material of the pocket is negligible. Manufacturing waste can therefore be reused.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
• Packages (AREA)
• Purses, Travelling Bags, Baskets, Or Suitcases (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=9429440

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (32)

Family Cites Families (7)

• 1992
  • 1992-04-30 FR FR9205377A patent/FR2690674B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1993
  • 1993-04-19 WO PCT/FR1993/000384 patent/WO1993022220A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 1993-04-19 DE DE69300910T patent/DE69300910T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1993-04-19 ES ES93909029T patent/ES2081713T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1993-04-19 JP JP51898393A patent/JP3396221B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1993-04-19 US US08/157,172 patent/US5477985A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1993-04-19 EP EP93909029A patent/EP0592637B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1995
  • 1995-06-07 US US08/477,319 patent/US5505338A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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