EP0588232B1 - Optischer Rauchmelder - Google Patents

Optischer Rauchmelder Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0588232B1
EP0588232B1 EP93114472A EP93114472A EP0588232B1 EP 0588232 B1 EP0588232 B1 EP 0588232B1 EP 93114472 A EP93114472 A EP 93114472A EP 93114472 A EP93114472 A EP 93114472A EP 0588232 B1 EP0588232 B1 EP 0588232B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
radiation
optical
planar
optical element
smoke alarm
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93114472A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0588232A1 (de
Inventor
Kurt Müller
Peter Ryser
Dieter Wieser
Rino Ernst Kunz
Markus Rossi
Michael Thomas Gale
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cerberus AG
Original Assignee
Cerberus AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cerberus AG filed Critical Cerberus AG
Publication of EP0588232A1 publication Critical patent/EP0588232A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0588232B1 publication Critical patent/EP0588232B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
    • G08B17/107—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device for detecting light-scattering due to smoke
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
    • G08B17/113—Constructional details

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an optical smoke detector according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Smoke detectors of this type are generally known. They are used in particular as automatic fire detectors for the early detection of fires.
  • Smoke detectors occupy a special position among the multitude of types of automatic fire detectors on the market, since they are best suited to detect fires at such an early stage that countermeasures can still be successfully initiated.
  • ionization smoke detectors there are two main types of smoke detectors: ionization smoke detectors and optical smoke detectors.
  • ionization smoke detectors the accumulation of air ions on smoke particles is used;
  • the second type of smoke detector uses the optical properties of aerosols to detect smoke.
  • the last-mentioned scattered light detectors are therefore the most widespread, since the measuring path can be so short that they can be designed as so-called "point detectors”.
  • DE-A-28 22 547 (Hochiki; 07.12.78) describes a line extinction detector in which a transmitter emits light. Part of the emitted light falls on a radiation receiver after it has passed a measuring section. In the presence of smoke in the measuring section, the output signal of the radiation receiver is reduced depending on the smoke density and the output signal is fed to a threshold and comparison circuit, an alarm signal being generated in a downstream evaluation circuit if the output signal falls below a predetermined value, the alarm threshold .
  • Lenses are arranged both in front of the radiation source and in front of the radiation receiver in order to bundle the light beam which traverses the measurement path.
  • the bundling systems are structurally very complex.
  • the diaphragms in the measuring chamber of the smoke detector according to EP-A-0 031 096 also serve in combination with optical converging lenses in front of the light source and the receiver to direct the light beam directed onto the measuring chamber or the radiation scattered from the measuring chamber in order to focus the Reduce the overall length of the smoke detector.
  • a stray radiation smoke detector was proposed in GB-A-2 236 390 (Matsushita; April 3, 1991), which uses a wired IRED as a radiation source and as a receiver on an integrated circuit placed on a printed circuit board Has a photodiode lying flat on the print; a prism with an integrated lens serves as a deflection and focusing element for concentrating the scattered radiation from the measurement volume onto the photodiode.
  • This prism with its integrated lens is relatively expensive; in addition, the exact placement of the lens required is quite complicated.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an optical smoke detector that does not have the disadvantages of the known optical smoke detectors and, in particular, to create an optical smoke detector that can be used for a compact design and a reduced number of components inexpensive mass production.
  • Another object of the invention is to improve the manufacturing technology in such a way, in particular to reduce the manufacturing tolerances to such an extent that the adjustment work, which is still required manually in some cases, is eliminated or at least reduced to a minimum.
  • a particular advantage of a preferred embodiment of the smoke detector according to the scattered radiation principle is the expansion of the degrees of freedom of the optical smoke detectors of the prior art by the planar-optical elements (POE), such as holographic-optical elements (HOE), microfresh elements (MFE), such as e.g. Microfresh reflectors (MFR) and phase-matched microfresh reflectors (PMFR) and in the improvement of the detection of different fires given by the evaluation of the polarization of the scattered radiation.
  • POE planar-optical elements
  • HOE holographic-optical elements
  • MFE microfresh elements
  • MFR Microfresh reflectors
  • PMFR phase-matched microfresh reflectors
  • planar-optical elements as focusing optical deflection elements [holographic-optical elements (HOE), microsfresnel elements (MFE), e.g. Microfresh Reflectors (MFR) and Phase Adjusted Microfresh Reflectors (PMFR)].
  • HOE planar-optical elements
  • MFE microsfresnel elements
  • PMFR Phase Adjusted Microfresh Reflectors
  • planar-optical elements as focussing optical elements [holographic-optical elements (HOE), microsfresnel elements (MFE), such as, for example, microfresh reflectors (MFR) and phase-matched microfresh reflectors (PMFR)] a simplified design of the smoke detector, which enables cheap mass production.
  • HOE holographic-optical elements
  • MFE microsfresnel elements
  • PMFR phase-matched microfresh reflectors
  • Microfresh elements are diffractive Fresnel lens structures in microscopic dimensions, as they are mentioned as transmissive elements in US-A-4,936,666 (3M-Company; June 22, 90).
  • the production of such microfresh lenses for transmission and reflection in an on-axis configuration is described, for example, by T. Shiono et al. in Optics Letters, Vol. 15, No. 1, 84 (01/01/90).
  • the phase-adapted microfresh reflectors (PMFR) that can be used according to the invention are a planar arrangement of inclined and curved microfaces, which consist of sections of ellipsoids. They are used as surface mirrors and are therefore covered with a reflective layer.
  • the micro surfaces are phase-matched, that is, the optical path from one focal point to the other over each of the micro surfaces always differs by an integral multiple of the light wavelength.
  • the design of the optical smoke detectors with the microfresh elements has the advantage over that with the holographic-optical elements that the smoke detectors are less sensitive to chromatic aberration and are better suited for mass production.
  • the phase-matched microfresh elements (MFE) and the holographic-optical elements (HOE) are flat optical elements that can be automatically equipped and precisely placed. Both are simply constructed and can therefore be manufactured very inexpensively.
  • optical smoke detector Another advantage of the optical smoke detector according to the invention is that a photodiode and control electronics of an infrared light-emitting diode (IRED) can be integrated into an integrated circuit (IC) of the receiving electronics. Only a few switching elements remain, e.g. the charging capacitor, voltage stabilization and protective elements for the communication lines that cannot be integrated into an IC. This significantly reduces the number and space requirements of electronic components.
  • IRED infrared light-emitting diode
  • the connecting wires, which otherwise act as antennas, between the photodiode and the first stage for current / voltage conversion become very short. This makes the optical smoke detector significantly less sensitive to interference, which makes it possible to achieve detection reliability equivalent to the previous optical smoke detectors with a smaller, cheaper photodiode area and thus a lower signal level.
  • microfresh elements MFE
  • HOE holographic-optical elements
  • microfresh elements allow a design with two (or more) focal points.
  • a stray light detector of this type maps the stray volume onto two (or more) separate radiation receivers, which can be covered with crossed polarizers.
  • both photodiodes receive radiation from an identical background (assuming that radiation from the background only falls on the photodiodes after several reflections on the labyrinth and thus unpolarized).
  • the so-called basic pulses for each of the two photodiodes therefore remain the same even when the scattered light detector becomes increasingly dirty.
  • the scattered light detector can thus be easily expanded into a detector using polarization filters without further optical elements.
  • FIG. 1 shows an optical smoke detector according to the invention, namely a scattered-light smoke detector with two planar optical elements (POE).
  • SMD-IRED surface mounting technology
  • SMD photodiode surface mounting technology
  • a planar-optical element (POE) 5 is arranged above the radiation source (SMD-IRED) 1 or above the radiation receiver (SMD photodiode) 2 in order to deflect the radiation emitted or scattered on aerosol particles.
  • HOE holographic optical elements
  • MFE microsfresnel elements
  • holographic-optical elements HOE
  • microsfresnel elements MFE
  • certain difficulties can arise when implementing a scattered light smoke detector according to the invention which is equivalent to conventional scattered light detectors, since diffraction-optical elements can only be produced with an efficiency that is well below 100% .
  • the surface of the diffraction-optical element acts as a diffuse scattered light source, as a result of which a considerable part of the radiation emitted by the radiation source 1 floods the measurement volume 8 as diffuse radiation.
  • This scattered radiation can be a multiple of the light that is scattered on fire aerosol particles.
  • a reduction of the interference radiation requires much more complex mechanical diaphragms than were previously common.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show an embodiment of a scattered light smoke detector which is improved compared to the scattered light detector according to FIG. 1 and which has a wired diode 1 which emits infrared light without an optical element, a photodiode 2 on the printed circuit board 9 and a holographic optical element (HOE) 5 or has a phase-adapted microfresh reflector (PMFR) 5 as a deflecting element.
  • the photodiode serving as the radiation receiver 2 is located in a blackened compartment 16, which is only connected to the interior of the detector by an aperture 4.
  • the interference radiation emanating from the surface of the planar-optical element (HOE or PMFR) as diffuse scattered radiation can largely be eliminated.
  • the aperture 4 is covered with a radiation-permeable film or a polarization filter in order to keep any dust that may enter the detector from the radiation receiver.
  • a scattering angle of 70 to 110 ° is often used for scattered-light smoke detectors.
  • the use of a polarization filter with an oscillation plane which is perpendicular to the scattering plane causes an adjustment of the sensitivities of the detectors for the detection of open fires which produce aerosols with small particles and of detectors for the detection of smoldering fires which Generate aerosols (smoke) with large particles.
  • two different colored light sources e.g. red and infrared
  • two radiation receivers photodiodes
  • PMFR phase-matched microfresh reflector Due to the achromasia of the phase-adjusted microfresh reflectors (PMFR), no chromatic aberrations are to be expected as a result of the relatively broad spectral distribution of IRED and LED radiation.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of the scattered light smoke detector; however, there is no planar-optical element (POE) above the radiation source 1.
  • the radiation source 1 an infrared radiation emitting diode (IRED), is mounted on the printed circuit board 9.
  • the radiation beam 6 of the radiation source 1 is kept narrow by diaphragms 4, and the radiation which is not scattered on smoke particles 12 in the direction of the planar-optical element 5 attached above the radiation receiver 2 disappears in the light sump (labyrinth) 3.
  • FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of the scattered light detector according to FIG. 4, in which a flat or curved mirror 13 is mounted above the radiation source 1, through which the light from the radiation bundle 6, which is not scattered by smoke particles 12 in the direction of the radiation receiver 2, moves sideways is deflected into a labyrinth 3 and absorbed there.
  • This makes it possible to mount the labyrinth 3 in a place where it takes up more space and can therefore be made more effective.
  • FIG. 6 shows the structure of a phase-adapted microfresh reflector (PMFR), as can be used in a scattered light smoke detector, seen from above.
  • Figures 7 and 8 show sections through the phase-matched microfresh reflector (PMFR).
  • the PMFR are called "phase-adjusted" because the optical path [li + l'i], or [(li + k) + (l'i + k)] from the radiation source 1 to the radiation receiver over each of the ellipsoid micro-surfaces is always different differs by a multiple of the light wavelength.
  • the structure can be on the front or on the back of the substrate.
  • the latter version is the least dust and corrosion sensitive, since the mirrored structure can be provided with a protective lacquer.
  • the phase-adjusted microfresh reflector (PMFR) can be manufactured in such a way that the structure is written in photoresist using a laser writing system. A nickel embossing stamp is made and reproduced. By embossing in plastic substrates such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or polycarbonate (PC), the phase-adjusted microfresh reflectors (PMFR) can now be produced inexpensively in large quantities.
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • PC polycarbonate
  • phase-adjusted microfresh reflectors are optimized for a wavelength of 880 nm (infrared) and have a profile depth of up to approx. 3 ⁇ m that varies over the active area of 17 x 12 mm 2 , for example (FIGS. 7 and 8).
  • the phase-adjusted microfresh reflectors are located on the transition zone between diffractive and purely reflective or refractive elements. Reflection or transmission takes place on the micro-surfaces and diffraction appears at the transition edges between the micro-surfaces with superimposed superposition of the refracted light component in the second focal point.
  • the phase-matched microfresh reflectors also have the advantage that they are less sensitive to chromatic aberration than the holographic optical elements (HOE).
  • FIG. 9 shows a further preferred embodiment of a scattered light detector according to the invention.
  • This scattered light detector has a planar-optical element (POE), which has a structure consisting of (concentric) areas A, B, .., which is arranged and designed such that the radiation emitted by the radiation source 1 is directed onto two different radiation receivers 21 , 22 falls.
  • POE planar-optical element
  • the radiation is deflected by the concentric zones A onto the photodiode 21 and through the zones B onto the photodiode 22; the area ratio of the sum of zones A and the sum of zones B can be chosen freely.
  • Polarization filters 14, 15, preferably those with mutually perpendicular polarization planes, can be arranged above the two radiation receivers 21, 22, which makes it possible to detect the scattered radiation after its polarization; this enables the advantages described above with regard to the adjustment of the sensitivity of the detectors for the detection of open fires and smoldering fires to be achieved.
  • two elements would be required for this, which would also represent two different areas (with different background radiation) of the measurement volume.
  • the planar-optical element (POE) described here forms one and the same area from the measurement volume.
  • the scattered radiation deflected by the planar-optical element (POE) can be divided into a plurality of radiation receivers, for example, with a planar-optical element, as shown in FIG. 11.
  • the deflection of the scattered radiation takes place here by means of a phase-adapted microfresnel reflector (PMFR), as shown in FIG. 6, and the distribution of the scattered radiation among the different radiation receivers is carried out by diffraction on a phase-matched microfresnel reflector (PMFR), the grating structure being the grating structure is adapted to the main wavelength of the radiation source.
  • PMFR phase-adapted microfresnel reflector
  • the energy distribution within the different diffraction orders can also be selected by a suitable choice of the lattice structure, e.g. a sine grating has the diffraction orders -1, 0, +1, whereby the energy in the orders -1 and / or +1 can be made large by suitable selection of the structure depth or by suitable "blazing".
  • a rectangular grid has many orders.
  • a lattice structure of suitable shape can always be found for a freely selectable number of focal points and a freely selectable energy distribution in the focal points.
  • FIG. 10 shows an embodiment of an optical smoke detector according to the invention, in which a planar-optical element (POE) 5 in the manner of a deflecting mirror is used.
  • the planar-optical element (POE) is shown in FIG.
  • the deflection of the scattered radiation takes place here through the elliptically arranged, phase-adapted micro surfaces, which alternately belong to ellipsoids with different focal points, and the distribution of the scattered radiation among the different radiation receivers 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 takes place by diffraction at a phase-adapted microfresh reflector ( PMFR) superimposed, linear grating, the grating structure is adapted to the main wavelength of the radiation source.
  • PMFR phase-adapted microfresh reflector
  • the radiation source 1 consists of a radiation in the near infrared emitting diode (IRED) and a red light emitting diode (LED), which are arranged in a common housing.
  • the structure of the linear grating of the mirror 5 is selected so that the radiation is deflected to five different focal points, in which radiation receivers 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 are located.
  • polarization filters 14 with parallel polarization planes are arranged in front of two of the radiation receivers 21, 22, while polarization filters 15, whose polarization planes are perpendicular to the polarization planes of the first two polarization filters 14, are arranged in front of two other radiation receivers 24, 25. There is none in front of one of the radiation receivers 23 Polarization filter, so that this radiation receiver 23 receives light of all wavelengths and all levels of polarization.
  • First radiation receiver 21 infrared light, polarized perpendicularly (to the scattering plane); second radiation receiver 22: red light, vertically polarized; third radiation receiver 23: infrared light and red light, not polarized; fourth radiation receiver 24: red light polarized in parallel; fifth radiation receiver 25: infrared light, polarized in parallel.
  • First radiation receiver 21 infrared light, polarized perpendicularly (to the scattering plane); second radiation receiver 22: red light, vertically polarized; third radiation receiver 23: infrared light and red light, not polarized; fourth radiation receiver 24: red light polarized in parallel; fifth radiation receiver 25: infrared light, polarized in parallel.
  • Figure 12 shows a cross section through a smoke detector based on the extinction principle.
  • a planar-optical element (POE) 5 is arranged in front of a radiation source 1, by means of which the radiation from the radiation source 1 is combined to form an approximately parallel radiation beam 6.
  • a second planar-optical element 23 is arranged in front of a radiation receiver 2, by means of which the radiation which has passed through the measurement volume 8 is focused on the radiation receiver 2.
  • planar-optical elements can also be used, which are arranged at an angle of, for example, 45 ° to the radiation in the measurement volume 8 (cf. FIG. 13).
  • FIG. 14 shows a further embodiment of a scattered light smoke detector which has a wired diode 1 which emits infrared light and has no optical element, a photodiode 2 on the printed circuit board 9 and an ellipsoid mirror 24 as a deflecting element.
  • the photodiode serving as the radiation receiver 2 is located in a blackened compartment 16, which is only connected to the interior of the detector by an aperture 4.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
EP93114472A 1992-09-14 1993-09-09 Optischer Rauchmelder Expired - Lifetime EP0588232B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2884/92 1992-09-14
CH2884/92A CH684556A5 (de) 1992-09-14 1992-09-14 Optischer Rauchmelder.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0588232A1 EP0588232A1 (de) 1994-03-23
EP0588232B1 true EP0588232B1 (de) 1997-07-09

Family

ID=4243760

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93114472A Expired - Lifetime EP0588232B1 (de) 1992-09-14 1993-09-09 Optischer Rauchmelder

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5451931A (es)
EP (1) EP0588232B1 (es)
AT (1) ATE155272T1 (es)
CH (1) CH684556A5 (es)
DE (1) DE59306866D1 (es)
ES (1) ES2106930T3 (es)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007045018A1 (de) 2007-09-20 2009-04-16 Perkinelmer Optoelectronics Gmbh & Co.Kg Strahlungsleitvorrichtung für einen Detektor, Streustrahlungsdetektor

Families Citing this family (63)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9315779D0 (en) * 1993-07-30 1993-09-15 Stoneplan Limited Apparatus and methods
US5568130A (en) * 1994-09-30 1996-10-22 Dahl; Ernest A. Fire detector
JP2787001B2 (ja) * 1994-12-12 1998-08-13 ホーチキ株式会社 光電式煙感知器
US5713364A (en) * 1995-08-01 1998-02-03 Medispectra, Inc. Spectral volume microprobe analysis of materials
US5813987A (en) * 1995-08-01 1998-09-29 Medispectra, Inc. Spectral volume microprobe for analysis of materials
US6104945A (en) * 1995-08-01 2000-08-15 Medispectra, Inc. Spectral volume microprobe arrays
US6108084A (en) * 1995-08-17 2000-08-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Combined sensor device for measuring both rain-covered area on and visual range through a windshield of a motor vehicle
EP0813178A1 (de) * 1996-06-13 1997-12-17 Cerberus Ag Optischer Rauchmelder
US6826422B1 (en) 1997-01-13 2004-11-30 Medispectra, Inc. Spectral volume microprobe arrays
DE19741853A1 (de) * 1997-09-23 1999-03-25 Bosch Gmbh Robert Rauchmelder
EP1161178A2 (en) 1998-12-23 2001-12-12 Medispectra Inc. Systems and methods for optical examination of samples
EP1194908A4 (en) * 1999-03-05 2004-10-13 Brk Brands Inc PHOTOELECTRIC SMOKE DETECTOR WITH ULTRA-SHORT WAVELENGTH
GB9908073D0 (en) * 1999-04-09 1999-06-02 Texecom Limited Infrared detector lens
US6225910B1 (en) 1999-12-08 2001-05-01 Gentex Corporation Smoke detector
US6876305B2 (en) * 1999-12-08 2005-04-05 Gentex Corporation Compact particle sensor
AUPQ553800A0 (en) * 2000-02-10 2000-03-02 Cole, Martin Terence Improvements relating to smoke detectors particularily duct monitored smoke detectors
US6815652B1 (en) * 2000-09-11 2004-11-09 Jackson Products, Inc. Low power phototransistor-based welding helmet providing reduced sensitivity to low intensity light and sharp phototransistor response to high intensity light
DE10110231A1 (de) 2001-03-02 2002-09-26 Bosch Gmbh Robert Optische Blende
DE10116723C1 (de) * 2001-04-04 2002-10-31 Bosch Gmbh Robert Vorrichtung zur Ablenkung von optischen Strahlen
DE10118913B4 (de) * 2001-04-19 2006-01-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Streulichtrauchmelder
US6760107B1 (en) * 2002-04-12 2004-07-06 Pointsource Technologies, Llc Detection of scattered light from particles
EP1376504B1 (de) * 2002-06-20 2006-02-22 Siemens Schweiz AG Streulichtrauchmelder
US6818903B2 (en) 2002-07-09 2004-11-16 Medispectra, Inc. Method and apparatus for identifying spectral artifacts
US6768918B2 (en) 2002-07-10 2004-07-27 Medispectra, Inc. Fluorescent fiberoptic probe for tissue health discrimination and method of use thereof
US6900726B2 (en) * 2003-01-03 2005-05-31 Antronnix, Inc. System and method for fiber optic communication with safety-related alarm systems
WO2004104959A2 (en) * 2003-05-23 2004-12-02 Apollo Fire Detectors Limited Smoke detector
WO2005048208A1 (ja) * 2003-11-17 2005-05-26 Hochiki Corporation 散乱光式煙感知器
DE10353837B4 (de) * 2003-11-18 2017-05-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Prüfeinrichtung für Brandmelder
US20050151968A1 (en) * 2004-01-08 2005-07-14 The Lxt Group Systems and methods for continuous, on-line, real-time surveillance of particles in a fluid
DE102004001699A1 (de) * 2004-01-13 2005-08-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brandmelder
US7151460B2 (en) * 2005-01-10 2006-12-19 Nokia Corporation Electronic device having a proximity detector
ES2306025T3 (es) * 2005-11-04 2008-11-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Avisador de incendios combinados de luz dispersa y de extincion.
EP1855259A1 (de) * 2006-05-08 2007-11-14 Siemens Schweiz AG Brandmelder zur Detektion eines Brandes
ITTO20060676A1 (it) 2006-09-22 2008-03-23 Elkron Spa Rivelatore di fumo
US7786880B2 (en) * 2007-06-01 2010-08-31 Honeywell International Inc. Smoke detector
JP5647108B2 (ja) 2008-06-10 2014-12-24 エックストラリス・テクノロジーズ・リミテッド 粒子検出システムおよび粒子検出器を用いた粒子検出方法
WO2010124347A1 (en) 2009-05-01 2010-11-04 Xtralis Technologies Ltd Improvements to particle detectors
FR2964743B1 (fr) * 2010-09-14 2015-06-26 Finsecur Circuit de detection de fumee, detecteur de fumee le comportant et dispositif d'alarme les comportant.
US8988660B2 (en) 2011-06-29 2015-03-24 Silicon Laboratories Inc. Optical detector
AU2014277636A1 (en) 2013-06-03 2015-11-19 Garrett Thermal Systems Limited Particle detection system and related methods
US9355542B2 (en) * 2014-01-27 2016-05-31 Kidde Technologies, Inc. Apparatuses, systems and methods for self-testing optical fire detectors
EP2963627B1 (de) * 2014-07-04 2016-05-18 Amrona AG Anordnung zum Abschwächen auftreffenden Lichts eines Strahlenbündels
DE102015002465A1 (de) * 2015-02-27 2016-09-01 Hella Kgaa Hueck & Co. Verfahren zur Feinstaubmessung und Feinstaubsensor zur Bestimmung der Partikelgröße von Feinstaub
EP3128493A1 (de) * 2015-08-06 2017-02-08 Siemens Schweiz AG Streulichtrauchmelder mit einer im meldergehäuse aufgenommenen optischen messkammer und mit einer spiegelfläche an einer innenseite einer melderhaube als teil des meldergehäuses
US9830789B2 (en) * 2015-12-29 2017-11-28 Honeywell International Inc. Ceiling mount intrusion detector with arbitrary direction detection capability
EP3319057B1 (en) * 2016-11-02 2019-06-26 ams AG Integrated smoke detection device
EP3270362B1 (de) 2017-02-07 2019-01-02 Siemens Schweiz AG Brandmelder mit einer messkammer und mit einem schaltungsträger zur gemeinsamen anordnung eines brandsensors der messkammer sowie zumindest eines weiteren sensors zur erfassung einer messgrösse in der umgebung ausserhalb des brandmelders
US11788942B2 (en) 2017-12-15 2023-10-17 Analog Devices, Inc. Compact optical smoke detector system and apparatus
US10809173B2 (en) 2017-12-15 2020-10-20 Analog Devices, Inc. Smoke detector chamber boundary surfaces
WO2019132777A1 (en) * 2017-12-27 2019-07-04 Ams Sensors Singapore Pte. Ltd. Optoelectronic modules and methods for operating the same
US11137331B2 (en) * 2018-08-21 2021-10-05 Viavi Solutions Inc. Multispectral sensor based alert condition detector
CN113508288A (zh) * 2018-09-28 2021-10-15 西门子瑞士有限公司 具有波长选择偏振器的散射光烟雾探测器以及这种偏振器的合适用途
US11073467B2 (en) * 2018-09-28 2021-07-27 Stmicroelectronics S.R.L. Miniaturized optical particle detector
US11079321B2 (en) 2018-09-28 2021-08-03 Stmicroelectronics S.R.L. NDIR detector device for detecting gases having an infrared absorption spectrum
USD874964S1 (en) 2018-11-06 2020-02-11 Analog Devices, Inc. Blocking members in a smoke detector chamber
USD920825S1 (en) 2018-11-06 2021-06-01 Analog Devices, Inc. Smoke detector chamber
CN111199628A (zh) 2018-11-20 2020-05-26 海湾安全技术有限公司 烟雾探测器
US10921367B2 (en) 2019-03-06 2021-02-16 Analog Devices, Inc. Stable measurement of sensors methods and systems
USD913135S1 (en) * 2019-05-15 2021-03-16 Analog Devices, Inc. Smoke chamber blocking ensemble
US11796445B2 (en) 2019-05-15 2023-10-24 Analog Devices, Inc. Optical improvements to compact smoke detectors, systems and apparatus
US11238716B2 (en) * 2019-11-27 2022-02-01 Ningbo Weilaiying Electronic Technology Co., Ltd Photoelectric smoke fire detection and alarming method, apparatus and system
EP4078550A1 (de) * 2019-12-20 2022-10-26 Siemens Schweiz AG Messkammer zur anbringung auf einer rauchdetektionseinheit mit einer lichtfalle nach dem prinzip einer fresnel-stufenlinse
CN111308009B (zh) * 2020-03-05 2022-04-29 山东科技大学 矿用高分子材料阴燃耗氧量与产物同步试验分析装置及方法

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH592933A5 (es) * 1976-04-05 1977-11-15 Cerberus Ag
JPS53144387A (en) * 1977-05-23 1978-12-15 Hochiki Co Depreciation type detector
JPS5413391A (en) * 1977-06-30 1979-01-31 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Smoke sensor
US4242673A (en) * 1978-03-13 1980-12-30 American District Telegraph Company Optical particle detector
US4230950A (en) * 1979-05-16 1980-10-28 Honeywell Inc. Electro-optic smoke detector
DE2951459C2 (de) * 1979-12-20 1984-03-29 Heimann Gmbh, 6200 Wiesbaden Optische Anordnung für einen Rauchmelder nach dem Lichtstreuungsprinzip
JPS63163698A (ja) * 1986-12-26 1988-07-07 ホーチキ株式会社 散乱光式煙感知器
US4857895A (en) * 1987-08-31 1989-08-15 Kaprelian Edward K Combined scatter and light obscuration smoke detector
WO1989009392A1 (en) * 1988-03-30 1989-10-05 Martin Terence Cole Fluid pollution monitor
DE3831654A1 (de) * 1988-09-17 1990-03-22 Hartwig Beyersdorf Optischer rauchmelder
US4966446A (en) * 1989-04-28 1990-10-30 At&T Bell Laboratories Mask controlled coupling of inter-substrate optical components
US5130531A (en) * 1989-06-09 1992-07-14 Omron Corporation Reflective photosensor and semiconductor light emitting apparatus each using micro Fresnel lens
US4936666A (en) * 1989-08-08 1990-06-26 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Diffractive lens
JP2533653B2 (ja) * 1989-09-26 1996-09-11 松下電工株式会社 光電式煙感知器
NL9001415A (nl) * 1990-06-21 1992-01-16 Ajax De Boer B V Optische rook-, aerosol- en stofdetector en brandmeldingsapparaat met optische detector.

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007045018A1 (de) 2007-09-20 2009-04-16 Perkinelmer Optoelectronics Gmbh & Co.Kg Strahlungsleitvorrichtung für einen Detektor, Streustrahlungsdetektor
US8441368B2 (en) 2007-09-20 2013-05-14 Excelitas Technologies Singapore Pte. Ltd. Radiation guide for a detector, scattered radiation detector

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH684556A5 (de) 1994-10-14
ES2106930T3 (es) 1997-11-16
US5451931A (en) 1995-09-19
ATE155272T1 (de) 1997-07-15
DE59306866D1 (de) 1997-08-14
EP0588232A1 (de) 1994-03-23

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0588232B1 (de) Optischer Rauchmelder
EP0238977B1 (de) Sende- und Empfangsmodul für ein bidirektionales Kommunikationsnetz, insbesondere ein Breitband-ISDN
EP0050751B1 (de) Optische Anordnung für einen Infrarot-Einbruchdetektor
DE3134303A1 (de) Optische lagebestimmungsvorrichtung
DE2103909C3 (de) Überwachungseinrichtung zur Feststellung eines Eindringlings,
WO2004001693A1 (de) Streulichtrauchmelder
WO2004001694A1 (de) Brandmelder
DE2504300B2 (de) Vorrichtung zur Messung des Absorptionsvermögens eines Mediums, insbesondere von Rauch
EP0218055B1 (de) Infrarot-Bewegungsmelder
DE69934662T2 (de) Ultraviolett-detektor
DE2754139B2 (de) Rauchdetektor
DE4102146C1 (en) Rain and dirt sensor for motor vehicle windscreen - uses light source below or at inner side of pane and light measurer at top or outside
EP0080114B2 (de) Strahlungsdetektor mit mehreren Sensorelementen
EP0762153A2 (de) Optisches System
EP0069061B1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Überprüfen von Bahnmaterial
DE60021580T2 (de) Optische Vorrichtung zum Aussenden/Detektieren eines Lichtsignals und Schutz-/Isolationsgehäuse für eine Lichtquelle
DE7935901U1 (de) Strahlungsdetektor
DE19517517B4 (de) Passiv Infrarot Eindringdetektor
CH693776A5 (de) Lichtprojektionsvorrichtung fuer einen photoelektrischen Rauchsensor.
WO1992020154A1 (de) Gabellichtschranke
EP0772171A1 (de) Passiver Infrarot-Einbruchdetektor und dessen Verwendung
EP0105199A1 (de) Strahlungsrauchmelder
WO1992010819A1 (de) Passiv-infrarot-bewegungsmelder
DE102009002639A1 (de) Fotoelektrischer Sensor
DE102006016395B3 (de) Detektor/Linsen-Anordnung eines Passiv-Infrarotbewegungsmelders

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19930909

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19961220

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 19970709

Ref country code: DK

Effective date: 19970709

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 155272

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19970715

Kind code of ref document: T

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 19970709

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 59306866

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19970814

ET Fr: translation filed
ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: JACOBACCI & PERANI S.P.A.

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2106930

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

NLV1 Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents act
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20000807

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20000807

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20000811

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20000811

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20000814

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20000823

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 20000905

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20000908

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20000911

Year of fee payment: 8

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20010909

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20010909

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20010909

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20010910

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20010910

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20010930

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20010930

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20010930

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: CERBERUS A.G.

Effective date: 20010930

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20010909

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020501

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 93114472.9

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020531

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20021011

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20050909