EP0582191B1 - Dispositif et procédé pour le traitement de surfaces sensibles, notamment de sculptures - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé pour le traitement de surfaces sensibles, notamment de sculptures Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0582191B1
EP0582191B1 EP93112046A EP93112046A EP0582191B1 EP 0582191 B1 EP0582191 B1 EP 0582191B1 EP 93112046 A EP93112046 A EP 93112046A EP 93112046 A EP93112046 A EP 93112046A EP 0582191 B1 EP0582191 B1 EP 0582191B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
jet
treatment
section
mixing
mixing chamber
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP93112046A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0582191A1 (fr
Inventor
Johann Szücs
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Individual
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Individual
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C7/00—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts
    • B24C7/0046—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts the abrasive material being fed in a gaseous carrier
    • B24C7/0076—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts the abrasive material being fed in a gaseous carrier the blasting medium being a liquid stream
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C5/00—Devices or accessories for generating abrasive blasts
    • B24C5/02—Blast guns, e.g. for generating high velocity abrasive fluid jets for cutting materials
    • B24C5/04—Nozzles therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C7/00—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts
    • B24C7/0084—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts the abrasive material being fed in a mixture of liquid and gas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the treatment, for example cleaning, of sensitive surfaces, in particular of strongly contoured surfaces such as that of sculptures made of wood, plaster, bronze and the like, according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for the treatment of sensitive, strong contoured surfaces according to the preamble of claim 11.
  • blasting methods with abrasive particles are known which are thrown in a straight line under high pressure onto the surface to be cleaned.
  • EP 0 171 448 B1 discloses a method and a device for the same application, namely the cleaning of essentially planar, but in contrast to the previous, sensitive surfaces, according to which or in which cleaning by means of a cleaning jet rotating about its central axis he follows.
  • the cleaning jet contains atomized water, air and a cleaning agent consisting of solid particles.
  • the known device is essentially formed by a mixing head, into the mixing chamber of which a mixture of water and air is introduced under pressure on the one hand via an atomizing nozzle and on the other hand a mixture of air and solid particles via a further feed.
  • a first of the two mixture flows is introduced into the mixing chamber via a simple cylindrical bore.
  • the second mixture stream strikes the mixing chamber at an angle and an eccentricity to the first mixture stream.
  • the two mixture flows mix and leave the mixing head as a rotating cleaning jet.
  • the two mixture streams are introduced at an angle and eccentrically to one another into the mixing chamber of the known mixing head, at least one of the two pressurized streams is thrown against the mixing chamber wall opposite its inlet mouth and can produce an undesirable material removal in the impact area with increasing use of the mixing head.
  • This undesirable effect is particularly important because of the mutual eccentricity of the two mixture flows introduced into the mixing chamber, since the mixture flow directed onto the mixing chamber wall still has a large part of its kinetic energy on impact.
  • the invention has set itself the task of avoiding the disadvantages associated with the methods and devices known from the prior art.
  • a gentle and thorough treatment of sensitive and strongly contoured surfaces should be made possible.
  • a device for generating a rotating and therefore gentle treatment jet particularly good mixing and angular momentum transmission in the mixing chamber of a mixing head with simultaneous reduction in wear of the mixing chamber wall are to be achieved.
  • the jet particles By using a blasting process, namely a blasting process in which the blasting content is in its When the central axis pointing in the direction of the jet progresses, the jet particles, namely atomized liquid treatment agent and / or solid polishing or grinding particles, act in the form of a gentle wiping movement on the surface to be treated.
  • a blasting method according to the invention for the treatment of sensitive, highly contoured surfaces, for example of sculptures, the restoration of such objects can be considerably simplified and because of the time saved compared to the purely manual methods commonly used, for example the scraping out of dirt with appropriate hand tools or wiping with a rag. The risk of destroying a valuable object is reduced.
  • a mixture jet which can contain a single or also a mixture of different liquid treatment agents, is introduced via a first feed through a slot-shaped inlet opening into the mixing chamber, whereby a jet which is to be referred to as a wide jet and extends across the direction of jet progress arises.
  • slit-shaped means that the inlet opening running transversely or approximately transversely to the central longitudinal axis of the broad jet has a longer and a shorter main axis. It is preferably simply rectangular, possibly with semicircular short sides.
  • this broad jet covers the path of the second jet, which is introduced into the mixing chamber at an angle of inclination and eccentrically to the central longitudinal axis of the wide jet, to a greater extent or even completely or almost completely.
  • the longitudinal axis of the inlet opening has a transverse component to the plane which is spanned by the parallel projections of the blasting center axes of the two jets introduced into the mixing chamber.
  • the longitudinal axis of this opening is preferably approximately at right angles on this plane.
  • the inlet with the slit-shaped opening can be designed, for example, as a slit diaphragm or, in a particularly advantageous embodiment, as the narrowest passage opening of a nozzle which tapers towards this narrowest opening and then reopens.
  • the second jet which can contain a mixture of compressed gas and solid particles, is introduced into the mixing chamber via a second feed, the passage cross section of which according to the invention widens in its course towards the inlet into the mixing chamber.
  • the kinetic energy of this second beam can be reduced with an otherwise identical mass throughput.
  • the widening takes place from a first to a second circular-cylindrical passage cross section, the diameter ratio of which is in the range between 2: 3 and 4: 5, particularly preferably around 3: 4.
  • This ratio is preferably between 4: 3 and 6: 5, in particular 5: 4, so that in the preferred embodiment of the invention, the ratio chain of approximately 3: 4: from the diameter of the first section of the second feeder via its second section to the mixing chamber diameter. 5 results.
  • a protrusion is advantageously formed behind the area of the mixing chamber wall which is at the level of the intersection of the two mixing jets, in particular behind the area which is in line with the central axis of the second jet.
  • This projection is advantageously made as sharp as possible. This prevents or at least reduces the beam components hitting the chamber wall at an angle to the chamber wall, and at the same time promotes early rotation.
  • the mixture jet formed in this way and already rotating is preferably guided through a section of the mixing head which is tapered gradually, in particular continuously, and adjoins the mixing chamber and is constricted in the process.
  • the geometry of this The section is dimensioned according to the invention such that the stretch formed as the quotient of the length and - in the case of a preferred circular-cylindrical cross-sectional shape - the inlet diameter of the section is between 4: 1 and 8: 1 and is particularly preferably 5: 1.
  • the taper as the quotient of the inlet and outlet diameter should be at most 4: 1 and preferably only about 2.3: 1.
  • Said projection is preferably formed in that the tapered section has a smaller diameter than the mixing chamber at its mixing chamber end and an annular projection or a circumferential shoulder is formed.
  • the tapered section preferably abuts a sintered ring at this transition point.
  • the diameter of the mixing chamber should be reduced by a ratio of about 5: 4, but at least the protrusion should protrude half a millimeter into the opening cross-section.
  • the tapered section like the inner walls of the mixing head that preferably come into contact with the jet components, is formed by a material that has a surface that is wear-resistant but at the same time has sufficient roughness to allow the jet components to slide along easily to prevent.
  • the desired properties can be achieved by using different ceramic materials, so that in particular the tapered section has at least one ceramic surface, but the projection itself is particularly wear-resistant as a sintered ring.
  • the mixture jet is stabilized and stabilized in the rotation, as a result of which, in particular, a treatment jet which is particularly suitable for the main use and cone-shaped with a small opening angle can be generated.
  • the ratio of the lengths of these two sections lying one behind the other is also important.
  • the length of the outlet-side section is advantageously at least a sixth, in particular a fifth to a quarter, of the length of the tapered section.
  • the liquid treatment agent is in most cases water. Depending on the type of treatment, the water can also be replaced by a special washing liquid or a protective liquid, for example against rust. If necessary, a corresponding mixture of different treatment agents can also be used.
  • solid particles are additionally fed to the mixing head as polishing or grinding particles.
  • ice particles can also form these solid particles, with ice particles that have already crystallized being fed to the mixing head, or these ice particles are only generated in the already atomized mixture jet following the mixing chamber.
  • a rotating treatment jet which has an opening angle of less than 30 °, in particular even less than 20 °, in order to reach behind the protruding surfaces and possibly even partially hidden surfaces with the wiping movement To let the beam content act as specifically as possible only in such an area.
  • mixing head 1 a first jet of a mixture of a liquid treatment agent and a pressurized gas is fed via a first feed 10 and a second jet is fed via a second feed 20, which is a pressurized gas, an example of which is given below always called compressed air, and contains solid particles.
  • the central axis 22 of the second feed 20 is inclined at an angle ⁇ to the central axis 11 of the first jet introduced through the first feed 10 via an inlet 12 into the mixing chamber 30.
  • the central axes 11 and 22 of the two beams run eccentrically past one another, so that the mixture jet formed from the two beams is set in rotation about its beam advancement direction, which coincides with the axis 11 of the first beam.
  • the central axis 11 of the first jet introduced into the mixing chamber 30 via the inlet 12 points to the outlet of the mixing chamber 30.
  • the central steel axis 11 even coincides with the axis of symmetry of the rotationally symmetrical mixing chamber 30.
  • other arrangements for the jet introduction into the mixing chamber are also conceivable while maintaining an inclination angle ⁇ and an eccentricity.
  • Outlet section 44 is a section with an approximately constant cross-sectional profile educated.
  • the treatment jet 50 emerging from the outlet 44 opens conically at an opening angle ⁇ of approximately 20 °, so that the treatment jet opens at the usual working distance to a cone surface which is at most five marks in size.
  • the first jet supplied via the first feed 10 is in the form of an extended one in a direction transverse to its center axis 11 and therefore as a wide jet referred to the beam introduced into the mixing chamber 30. It is thereby achieved that the cross-sectional area of the second beam, which strikes the wide beam under an eccentricity, is largely covered by the wide beam and its kinetic energy is thus absorbed in the best possible way. At the same time, that region 34 of the mixing chamber wall which lies in a straight extension of the central axis 22 of the second feed 20 is protected by the wide jet.
  • the second jet shooting past would strike the chamber wall in area 34, as could be the case, for example, with a mixing head designed according to EP 0 171 448 B1.
  • the smaller the dimensions of a mixing head the more likely it is.
  • the shielding described by the first beam designed as a wide beam without the shielding described by the first beam designed as a wide beam, a not insignificant material removal from the wall region 34 would be feared.
  • the nozzle 12 is shown at its narrowest point in cross section AA.
  • This narrowest point is formed by a slot-shaped nozzle opening 14, which is rectangular in the exemplary embodiment, the longitudinal axis 16 of which is approximately perpendicular to the plane defined by the central longitudinal axis 11 of the nozzle 12 or the first jet and the parallel projection 22 'of the central axis 22 of the second feed , so the direction of the second jet introduced into the mixing chamber 30.
  • the longitudinal axis 16 of the nozzle opening 14 could, however, also extend to a predetermined extent at a different, suitable angle of inclination to this plane.
  • the second feed 20 is widened toward the inlet to the mixing chamber 30.
  • the widening is designed as a sudden widening 27, so that a first section 26 of the second feed 20 with a constant passage cross section suddenly widens to a subsequent further section 28 with a likewise constant but larger passage cross section.
  • Turbulence occurs at the widening 27, which opens at an angle of approximately 60 ° for production reasons, but is ideally designed to be seamless, as a result of which the pulse component of the second beam pointing in the direction of the central axis 22 is reduced.
  • An opening angle of 60 ° is the lower limit.
  • the second jet therefore strikes the flat side of the wide jet with a pronounced turbulent flow profile.
  • the second feed 20 is formed by a circular cylindrical pipe socket 24 with the first section 26 at the connection-side end, which can be inserted into a feed 21 for treatment agents and has an outer diameter A which is at least 1.5 times, to form a sudden cross-sectional constriction 23. in particular approximately twice the diameter of the first section 26.
  • the described design of the mixing head 1 particularly benefits its use for treating strongly contoured surfaces such as sculptures or figures made of wood, plaster, bronze and the like, which often have strongly jagged and strongly disrupted surfaces, so that the tool used, i.e. the mixing head 1 must be designed in the correspondingly small dimensions, which can certainly be described as miniature. If the two beams hitting each other in the mixing chamber were bundled comparatively strongly, the eccentricity of their respective central axes would scarcely be preventable because of the fact that they missed each other.
  • the opening angle ⁇ of the emerging treatment beam 50 is dimensioned such that the beam impinging on the surface to be treated covers an area of less than five mark piece size, ie less than about 7 cm 2, at the typical working distance.
  • the opening angle ⁇ of the treatment beam 50 is approximately 20 °. In any case, it is less than 30 °.
  • the ideally continuously tapering section 42 is formed with an extension of approximately 5: 1 following the mixing chamber 30.
  • the term stretch is understood to mean the ratio of the length to the diameter of this circular-cylindrical section 42. Good results are achieved with extensions between 4: 1 and 8: 1.
  • the tapered section 42 merges into a further circular-cylindrical section 44 with a constant passage cross section.
  • this last section 44 as it emerged in the course of the development work, the mixing is evened out again and the movements of the jet content which do not take place in the direction of rotation are calmed down.
  • the two sections 42 and 44 are inserted as a one-piece sleeve 40 made of a ceramic material in a receptacle 36 of the mixing chamber housing 32.
  • the tapered section 42 lies on the chamber side Formation of a shoulder 39 on a sintered ring 38 with a sharp edge.
  • the extension of the central axis 22 of the second feed 20 points into or shortly before the area 34 located between the sintered ring 38 and the mixing chamber wall.
  • the shoulder 39 formed behind the impact area 34 by the sintered ring 38 prevents the impinging jet components from sliding along the chamber wall, thereby the formation of rotation and further - would otherwise be undesirably delayed.
  • a connecting piece 24 forming the second feed 20 with the two sections 26 and 28 has an outer diameter, preferably of half an inch, with a suitable connection area 25 for connection to the common compressed gas sources and hoses.
  • the end face 19 at the free end of the nozzle 24 should be as flat as possible. It therefore extends flat up to the inner diameter of a pushed-on hose 21 and is only chamfered minimally on the outer edge to protect it from damage.
  • the end face 19 also extends as close as possible to the edge of the first section 26, which is designed as a simple bore, in order to ideally result in a sudden narrowing 23 from the cross section of the hose 21 to that of the first section 26.
  • a rounding and even an excessive chamfering of the end face 19 surprisingly exert a not negligible, undesirable influence on the flow profile of the second jet when it is introduced into the mixing chamber 30.
  • the diameter of the first section 26 of the second feed 20 is approximately 6 mm, while the second, widened section 28 has a diameter of approximately 8 mm.
  • the length ratio of these two sections 26 and 28 is approximately 3: 2, the length of the chamber-side section 28 being assumed to be the length of its central axis up to the cut with the mixing chamber wall and the first section 26 having a length of 20 to 40 mm, in particular of about 30 mm.
  • the diameter of the circular-cylindrical mixing chamber 30 in the exemplary embodiment is approximately 10 mm.
  • the substantially rectangular nozzle opening 14 has a length 1 of approximately 1.2 mm and a width d of approximately 0.4 mm.
  • the first jet also fulfills its function with a length 1 of the nozzle opening 14 of 0.8 to 1.8 mm and a width b of 0.2 to 1.2 mm.
  • the nozzle opening 14 is at least 1.5 to at most 4 times as long as it is wide. It is preferably two to three times as long as it is wide.
  • the length 1 of the nozzle opening 14 should not be much less than 1 tenth of the diameter of the mixing chamber 30 as a dimensioning rule, which is to be regarded as the lower limit of the ratio of the mixing chamber diameter and the opening length.
  • the tapering section 42 At its inlet on the mixing chamber side, the tapering section 42 has a diameter of approximately 8 mm, which narrows to approximately 3.5 mm towards the outlet section 44. The diameter decreases at most to a quarter of its value at the inlet on the mixing chamber side.
  • the outlet section 44 itself then has a constant diameter of approximately 3.5 mm. Its outer outlet edge is sharp. If necessary, it is additionally designed to be particularly wear-resistant. All diameters refer to circular cylindrical cross-sectional areas.
  • mixing head described here is used in conjunction with a fine-grained cleaning medium, even sensitive aluminum surfaces can be cleaned mechanically without the use of chemical cleaning agents.
  • the material comes into question, as described in European patent application 0 374 291, namely a mineral blasting material with a hardness (Mohs hardness) of maximum 4 and with a diameter of 0.01 to 1 mm.
  • a particularly suitable material is dolomite.
  • pumice stone flour or a mixture of dolomite with pumice stone flour can also be used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Feeding Of Articles By Means Other Than Belts Or Rollers (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Dispositif pour traiter, par exemple pour nettoyer des surfaces délicates, en particulier des surfaces fortement contournées comme celles des sculptures en bois, en plâtre, en bronze et analogues,
    a) comprenant une tête mélangeuse (1) destinée à mélanger des agents amenés dans la tête mélangeuse (1) et à projeter un jet de traitement (50) résultant de leur mélange,
    b) dans lequel un premier conduit d'amenée (10) introduit, sous pression, par un élément d'admission (12), un premier jet contenant un agent de traitement liquide, dans une chambre de mélange (30) de la tête mélangeuse (1) et
    c) un second conduit d'amenée (20) introduit un second jet dont l'axe de projection (22) est incliné d'un angle (γ) par rapport à l'axe de projection (11) du premier jet et a une orientation excentrique par rapport à lui,
    caractérisé en ce que
    d) l'élément d'admission (12) présente, pour protéger la zone (34) de la chambre de mélange (30) située dans le prolongement de l'axe de projection (22) du second jet, un orifice d'admission (14) en forme de fente dont l'axe longitudinal (16) est orienté de sorte que le premier jet recouvre en substance l'aire de la section du second jet au point où ils se coupent.
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'axe longitudinal (16) de l'orifice d'admission (14) fait un angle sensiblement droit avec le plan formé par les axes de projection (11; 22) des premier et second jets.
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'axe de projection (11) du premier jet traversant l'orifice d'admission (14) est orienté sensiblement en direction de la sortie de la chambre de mélange (30) en particulier en ce que son axe de projection (11) coïncide avec l'axe de symétrie de la chambre de mélange (30) à symétrie de révolution.
  4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la longueur (l) de l'orifice d'admission (14) égale 1,5 à 4 fois sa largeur (b).
  5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que, pour l'admission dans la chambre de mélange (30), la section de passage du second conduit d'amenée (20) a la forme d'un brusque élargissement (27), en particulier d'un brusque élargissement (27) à la transition entre un premier segment (26) et un second segment (28), la section de passage ayant une aire cylindrique constante dans chaque cas.
  6. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le second conduit d'amenée (20) est constitué par une tubulure (24) dont le premier segment (26) forme l'extrémité de raccordement, celle-ci présentant un plan frontal (19) presque totalement plat.
  7. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que, pour réduire ou empêcher le glissement de particules du jet en amont de la zone d'intersection des deux jeta, un élément (38) saille de la paroi de la chambre (30) à l'intérieur de celle-ci.
  8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que l'élément (38) consiste en un épaulement circulaire, en particulier un anneau sintérisé, qui saille à l'intérieur de la chambre de mélange (30) d'au moins un demimillimètre, en particulier d'un millimètre.
  9. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la tête mélangeuse (1) se rétrécit petit à petit en aval de la chambre de mélange (30), en particulier en aval de l'épaulement (38).
  10. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que la tête mélangeuse (1) comprend, en aval de l'étranglement (42), du côté de l'orifice de projection, un segment (44) possédant une section de passage constante, en particulier une section cylindrique circulaire.
  11. Procédé pour traiter, par exemple pour nettoyer des surfaces délicates, en particulier des surfaces fortement contournées comme celles des sculptures en bois, en plâtre, en bronze et analogues, caractérisé par la mise en oeuvre d'un dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes et par la réalisation du traitement au moyen d'un jet de traitement (50) tournant autour de son axe de projection générateur (11) et composé d'au moins un agent de traitement liquide avant sa pulvérisation, le jet (50) se déployant suivant un angle (α) inférieur à 30°.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que le jet de traitement (50) contient de l'eau, un nettoyant liquide spécial ou un liquide protecteur ou encore un mélange de ces agents.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 11 ou 12, caractérisé en ce que le jet de traitement (50) contient des particules solides, en particulier des particules de matière solide et/ou de glace.
  14. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 11 à 13, caractérisé en ce qu'il est mis en oeuvre pour nettoyer des surfaces en aluminium.
EP93112046A 1992-08-03 1993-07-28 Dispositif et procédé pour le traitement de surfaces sensibles, notamment de sculptures Expired - Lifetime EP0582191B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4225590A DE4225590C2 (de) 1992-08-03 1992-08-03 Vorrichtung für die Behandlung von empfindlichen Oberflächen, insbesondere von Skulpturen
DE4225590 1992-08-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0582191A1 EP0582191A1 (fr) 1994-02-09
EP0582191B1 true EP0582191B1 (fr) 1996-06-19

Family

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EP93112046A Expired - Lifetime EP0582191B1 (fr) 1992-08-03 1993-07-28 Dispositif et procédé pour le traitement de surfaces sensibles, notamment de sculptures

Country Status (16)

Country Link
US (1) US5462605A (fr)
EP (1) EP0582191B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH0655452A (fr)
CN (1) CN1082464A (fr)
AT (1) ATE139472T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU663607B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2100500A1 (fr)
CZ (1) CZ155893A3 (fr)
DE (2) DE4225590C2 (fr)
HU (1) HU218517B (fr)
IL (1) IL106556A (fr)
NO (1) NO178917C (fr)
NZ (1) NZ248319A (fr)
PL (1) PL299914A1 (fr)
SK (1) SK80393A3 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA932206B (fr)

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DE4225590A1 (de) 1994-02-17
CN1082464A (zh) 1994-02-23
SK80393A3 (en) 1994-03-09
IL106556A0 (en) 1993-12-08
AU663607B2 (en) 1995-10-12
AU4440893A (en) 1994-02-10
PL299914A1 (en) 1994-02-07
JPH0655452A (ja) 1994-03-01
ATE139472T1 (de) 1996-07-15
EP0582191A1 (fr) 1994-02-09
US5462605A (en) 1995-10-31
NZ248319A (en) 1996-02-27
DE4225590C2 (de) 1995-04-27
HU218517B (hu) 2000-09-28
CZ155893A3 (en) 1994-04-13
NO932726D0 (no) 1993-07-29
NO178917C (no) 1996-07-03
NO178917B (no) 1996-03-25
NO932726L (no) 1994-02-04
IL106556A (en) 1995-06-29
DE59302994D1 (de) 1996-07-25
HU9301993D0 (en) 1993-09-28
CA2100500A1 (fr) 1994-02-04
HUT75614A (en) 1997-05-28
ZA932206B (en) 1993-10-13

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