Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
  • A01D34/00—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters
  • A01D34/01—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus
  • A01D34/02—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having reciprocating cutters
  • A01D34/13—Cutting apparatus
  • A01D34/135—Cutting apparatus having oppositely movable cooperating knife-bars

Definitions

• the invention relates to an agricultural mower, comprising two elongated knives one above the other, each equipped with a plurality of blades, one of which is movable relative to the other, and above the pair of knives an elongated bar with a plurality of blades pointing in the direction of mowing Tabs side by side.
• a disadvantage of the known mower is that pocket-like, front-closed spaces are formed by the connections between the blades of the lower knife and the blade projections of the bar, in which parts of cut-off stalks and dirt can accumulate. This increases the internal friction of the mower and can affect its cutting performance and cutting quality.
• the manufacture of the mower is complex.
• the invention has for its object to provide an agricultural mower with which the crop can be cut clean, smooth and without clogging of the mower, even in difficult conditions (wetness, dirt) or difficult condition, whereby spreading apart of the knives is avoided.
• the mower is characterized according to the invention in that the projections of the bar end freely on their front side without being connected to the blades of a knife.
• the two knives are preferably driven in opposite directions, as is known per se. But you can also work with just one driven knife.
• the additional bar can be stationary. However, it can preferably be driven in its longitudinal direction. One of the ways to do this is driven in synchronous motion with the lower knife, which is more distant from the bar.
• the additional bar there are two preferred options for developing the invention: unsharpened projections which act purely as abutments against lateral throwing of the straw. Or design as a third knife with projections designed as blades.
• unsharpened projections which act purely as abutments against lateral throwing of the straw.
• design as a third knife with projections designed as blades In the former case, it is most advantageous if the bar, like the lower knife, can be moved stationary or driven.
• the bar can be stationary or driven in the same way as the lower knife, or can be driven differently than the two knives (see also explanations below), which leads to an increase in the cutting frequency and thus the cutting performance .
• the upper knife adjacent to the bar can be moved in a driven manner and the lower knife removed from the bar and the bar can be moved in a driven manner.
• the lower knife and the beam do not have to be able to be moved synchronously driven.
• driving the lower knife and the bar with different speeds and / or different strokes and / or a phase difference (for example in opposite directions). This also applies to the ratio of the movements between the bar and the upper knife and between the upper and lower knife.
• a positioning device for this knife cooperating with the rear of the upper knife is provided on the bar and / or on the lower knife. This is intended to prevent undesired rearward movement of the upper knife.
• a likewise preferred possibility is that the bar is fastened to the lower knife by means of a connecting device, that is to say the movements of this knife, provided that it can be moved in a driven manner.
• a connecting device that is to say the movements of this knife, provided that it can be moved in a driven manner.
• a structurally particularly favorable possibility for designing the positioning device and / or the connecting device is a plurality of brackets distributed along the mower. This measure is explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments.
• the bar is mounted in such a way that it is at a short distance from the upper knife or is in contact with the upper knife essentially without pressure or is in contact with the upper knife with a contact force which is significantly less than that Contact force between the lower knife and the upper knife.
• FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a mill in the section taken in the direction of mowing progress
• Figure 2 shows a second embodiment of a mower, partially and in section as Fig. 1;
• FIG. 3 shows the mower of FIG. 2, but in a sectional section that is offset from the plane of the drawing in FIG. 2;
• Figure 4 is a plan view of the (additional) bar of the mower according to Figures 2 and 3;
• FIG. 5 shows a section of the (additional) bar and the pair of knives in the mower according to FIGS. 2 and 3 in accordance with V-V.
• the mower 2 shown in FIG. 1 has a supporting beam 4 which extends transversely to the direction of mowing progress M, ie in the longitudinal direction of the mower 2.
• the support beam 4 is the load-bearing component of the mower 2 and is attached at one end or at both ends to the vehicle, not shown, for example a tractor with which mowing is carried out.
• On the support beam 4 are distributed at a mutual distance of, for example, 20 to 40 cm along the support beam 4, bearing bodies 6 screwed from below, each of which has a vertically running mounting hole on the back of the support beam 4.
• Lower holder 8 or lower knife holder and upper holder 10 or upper knife holder are, for example, alternately pivotally mounted along the supporting beam 4 in one of the bearing bodies 6.
• Both the lower brackets 8 and the upper brackets 10 each have essentially the shape of an arm projecting forward, the rear with a pin 12 (in the case of the lower brackets) projecting upwards or one (in the case of the upper brackets 10) pins protruding below are provided in their rear area.
• the relevant pin 12 extends essentially vertically and is pivotably mounted in the bearing bore of the bearing body 6 in question with ball bearings.
• a lower holder 8 is drawn in longitudinal section with its pin.
• the upper holder 10 is located behind the plane of the drawing and is therefore not cut. In its rear end region it has a downwardly projecting pin similar to the pin 12.
• each of the knives 14, 16, 18 can be seen one above the other, proceeding from bottom to top, and extend in the direction of the supporting beam 4.
• Each of the knives 14, 16, 18 is fastened on its rear side by rivets 20 to an associated knife back 24 or 26 or 28.
• Each of the knife backs 24, 26, 28 has the shape of a direction of extension of the support beam 4 extending beam.
• each of the knives 14, 16, 18 consists of several sections which are fastened to one another along the relevant knife back 24, 26, 28 on the relevant knife back.
• the first knife 14 in the order from bottom to top, has a cylindrical, short bolt 30, which is attached to it, for example by rivets, and protrudes downwards at every point where a lower holder 8 is located a complementary blind bore 32 of the lower holder 8 in question.
• the second knife 16 is enclosed between the first knife and the third knife 18.
• a number of roughly L-shaped holders 38 are fastened along the knife back 28 spaced apart.
• the holders 38 protrude to the rear and then downwards and then again a short distance to the front and represent an abutment for the rear of the knife back 26 of the second knife 16 in the region which projects downwards.
• the holders 38 could also be at the front end region of the support beam 4 may be attached. It is also possible to provide a continuous rail instead of several holders 38.
• the entirety of the holder 38 or one corresponding rails represent a positioning device for the second knife 16.
• the arm-like, lower holder 8 and upper holder 10 are designed so that they press the three knives 14, 16, 18 against one another with a certain pressure.
• the back of the knife 24 of the first knife 14 and the back of the knife 28 of the third knife 18 are driven in the same direction in an oscillating manner in their longitudinal direction, preferably by means of a common drive (not shown).
• the back of the knife 26 of the second knife 16 is also driven in an oscillating manner in its longitudinal direction, but in the opposite direction to the back of the knives 24 and 28.
• the drive takes place, for example, from an end region of the three backs of the knives 24, 26, 28.
• Knife drives for agricultural mowers, in particular hydraulic or mechanical drives, are known, so that their construction need not be described in detail here.
• a lower holder 8 and an upper holder 10 can be provided at approximately the same location, can have a common pin 12 and in a common bearing body 6 can be stored.
• the holders 8, 10 pivot with the movements of the knives 14, 18.
• the first knife 14 and the second knife 16 thus represent the pair of knives mentioned in claim 1 and -l l-
• the third knife 18 represents the additional bar with projections designed as blades.
• the cutting of the mowing material takes place partly due to the scissor-like action between the first knife 14 and the second knife 16 and partly between the second knife 16 and the third knife 18.
• the three knives 14, 16, 18 project approximately equally far forward in the mowing direction M.
• the front sides of the blades of the first knife 14 and the third knife 18 end freely and are not connected to one another.
• a grinding skid 40 is shown, as is provided on one or both end regions of the mower 2.
• the grinding skid 40 is fastened there directly or indirectly to the support beam 4 or to a connecting part between the support beam 4 and the tractor (not shown).
• the height position of the grinding skid 40 relative to the supporting beam 4 can be adjusted in order to be able to adjust the cutting height of the mower 2 in this way.
• the lower holders 8 are each bent twice and run with approximately the rear half of their length above the supporting beam 4. Instead of the third knife 18, a beam 18 with unsharpened projections 46 is provided.
• the knife back 24 of the lower, first knife 14 is connected to the beam 18 by means of a plurality of spaced, essentially U-shaped connection holders 42. bound.
• the entirety of the connection holders 42 represents a connection device of the lower knife 14 and the bar 18.
• the connection holders 42 are riveted to the knife back 24.
• connection between the connecting brackets 42 and the beam 18 or the beam sections forming the beam 18 as a whole is made by riveted short pins 43, which each protrude from below into a bore 45 of the connecting holder 42 or vice versa (pins on the connecting holder 42, which follow protrude into the holes in the beam).
• the knife back 26 of the upper, second knife 16 bears upward against a nose 9 of the lower holder 8 concerned.
• connecting plates 44 which are, so to speak, provided alternately with the connecting holders 42.
• the connecting plates are riveted to the back of the knife 26 and the upper knife 16.
• Bolts 34 projecting upward are each provided on a connecting plate 44.
• the lower knife 14 and the upper knife 16 are driven oscillating in opposite directions via their knife backs 24 and 26, respectively.
• the lower holders 8 and the upper holders 10 make the drive movements pivot in the opposite direction.
• the bar 18 moves in the same sense and synchronously with it.
• the thicknesses of the knife back 26 and the bar 18 are matched accordingly. The cutting of the crop therefore takes place between the lower knife 14 and the upper knife 16; the projections 46 of the bar 18 serve as abutments against a lateral flipping of the crop stalks when mowing.
• FIG. 4 shows a top view of the bar 18.
• the bar 18 has a plurality of projections 46 which are trapezoidal and spaced apart in the top view.
• the shorter trapezoidal side of the projections 46 lies forward in the mowing direction M and is so short that the projections 46 are almost triangular.
• the sides 48 of the projections 46 are not sharpened, so that the projections 46 are not referred to as blades.
• parts of the upper knife 16 can be seen in FIG. 4 insofar as their blades 50 can be seen through the gaps between the projections 46 of the bar 18.
• the blades 50 have a trapezoidal shape identical or very similar to the projections 46.
• the lower knife 14 is not visible in FIG. 4 because it lies exactly below the bar 18.
• the lower knife 14 has blades which are identical or very similar to the projections 46 of the beam 18, but with the difference that these blades are are sharp.
• the blades 52 of the lower knife 14, the blades 50 of the upper knife 16 and the projections 46 of the bar 18 can be seen in a viewing direction opposite the mowing direction M. Furthermore, the sharpening of the blades 50 and 52 can be seen.
• the upper holder 10 and the lower holder 8 can also be mounted in pairs in a common bearing body 6, preferably one pin 12 being hollow and the other pin being mounted in the hollow pin.
• the holders 8 and 10 oscillate against each other in accordance with the movements of the lower knife 14 and the upper knife 16.
• one or more connecting brackets 42 are raised elastically at the front, whereupon the pins 43 are released and the beam 18 or beam section can be pulled out to the front.
• one or more upper holders 10 are elastically lifted up at the front (with the bar 18 removed), whereupon the bolts 34 are released and the upper knife 16 can be pulled out towards the front.
• the lower knife 14 or a lower knife section can be analogously replace after the bar 18 and the upper knife 16 have been removed and there is space to remove the lower knife 14 upwards.
• the blades 50 of the upper knife 16 can have a different shape and division from the blades 52 of the lower knife 14.

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• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Environmental Sciences (AREA)
• Harvester Elements (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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ID=6421460

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• 1990
  • 1990-12-24 DE DE19904041802 patent/DE4041802C1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1991
  • 1991-12-24 EP EP19920905816 patent/EP0564603A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1991-12-24 WO PCT/EP1991/002507 patent/WO1992010927A1/de not_active Ceased

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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