EP0560853B1 - Holzoberflächenschicht für parkett und verfahren zu deren erzeugung - Google Patents

Holzoberflächenschicht für parkett und verfahren zu deren erzeugung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0560853B1
EP0560853B1 EP92900447A EP92900447A EP0560853B1 EP 0560853 B1 EP0560853 B1 EP 0560853B1 EP 92900447 A EP92900447 A EP 92900447A EP 92900447 A EP92900447 A EP 92900447A EP 0560853 B1 EP0560853 B1 EP 0560853B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wood
parquet
surface layer
polyalcohol
water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92900447A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0560853A1 (de
Inventor
Yrjö AHO
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AHO Jyrki
CASSERLY Jutta
Original Assignee
AHO Jyrki
CASSERLY Jutta
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AHO Jyrki, CASSERLY Jutta filed Critical AHO Jyrki
Publication of EP0560853A1 publication Critical patent/EP0560853A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/022—Flooring consisting of parquetry tiles on a non-rollable sub-layer of other material, e.g. board, concrete, cork
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
    • B27M3/00—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles
    • B27M3/04—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of flooring elements, e.g. parqueting blocks
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/04—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of wood or with a top layer of wood, e.g. with wooden or metal connecting members
    • E04F15/041—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of wood or with a top layer of wood, e.g. with wooden or metal connecting members with a top layer of wood in combination with a lower layer of other material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/04—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of wood or with a top layer of wood, e.g. with wooden or metal connecting members
    • E04F15/045—Layered panels only of wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/15—Impregnating involving polymerisation including use of polymer-containing impregnating agents
    • B27K3/153—Without in-situ polymerisation, condensation, or cross-linking reactions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wood surface layer for a parquet, wherein the wood grains extend perpendicularly or at an angle substantially deviating from zero relative to the plane of a parquet surface, and over substantially the entire thickness of a wood surface layer some of the cell-wall water of wood is replaced by a water-soluble polyalcohol, most preferably by polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight within the range of 600 - 1200.
  • parquet varnishing technique with a prime varnish seal being applied directly to a ground wood surface, would in the invention lead to an unfavourable and unstable surface structure.
  • DE 1 492 562 It is known from SE, 218 610, SE 219 067, DE 1 492 562 and CH 643 177 to replace the cell-water and cell-wall water in wooden layered products with polyalcohols in order to achieve dimensional stability and to prevent seasoning cracks.
  • DE 1 492 562 also mentions several different types of wood, e.g.: popular used for this impregnation.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a parquet structure and its manufacturing method, capable of avoiding the cracking of a wood surface layer upon drying or seasoning thereof and also capable of substantially eliminating the after-movements caused by moisture fluctions.
  • a further object of the invention is yet to improve this parquet structure and its manufacturing method in a manner that even the otherwise good wear resistance and hardness of vertically grained wood can still be substantially increased while providing an effective extra shield to the penetration of moisture and an effective binding against the forces of remaining moisture-induced movements and, yet at the same time, the amount of expensive parquet lacquer can be conventional.
  • the manufacturing of a wood surface layer of the invention proceeds as follows. Slices or blocks of suitable thickness are cut from a fresh polygonal wood balk perpendicularly or at an acute angle to the wood grains. At this point, the slices or blocks may have a thickness of e.g. 14 mm. These wood slices or blocks, fig. 2 showing a hexagonal example, are impregnated with a water-soluble polyalcohol, for example polyethylene glycol (PEG). The purpose of this is that the water-soluble impregnant replaces a sufficient amount of the cell-wall water of wood cells. This prevents the formation of seasoning cracks in wood and after-movements (dimensional fluctuations) caused by moisture variations. As well known, the moisture-induced movements of wood are definitely caused by an amount of water contained in cell walls and by the swelling and shrinking of a cell wall resulting from fluctuations in said amount of water.
  • PEG polyethylene glycol
  • the invention proceeds as follows.
  • the slices or blocks cut off of fresh wood are carried onto a loading table 6 including a conveyor for carrying the slices or blocks into a microwave oven 7 for heating and also partially evaporating the internal water of wood.
  • the temperature of wood slices or blocks 1' flowing out of oven 7 and that of the water, water vapour and air contained therein lies within the range of 40 - 90°C.
  • Conveyors 8 and 10 downstream of oven 7 are at room temperature, resulting in the cooling of wood and water vapour and hot air contained therein. This results in the development of vacuum within the interior of wood, which facilitates and accelerates the impregnation of polyalcohol within wood.
  • a nozzle 9 is used to drain non-diluted polyalcohol in the form of a suitably heated thin flowable film, which trickles through a gap 8a between the successive sections of track 8 into a receiving trough 9.
  • the film spreads over wood slices or blocks advancing upon conveyor track 8, passing over gap 8a and beneath nozzle 9.
  • a nozzle 11 is used to apply a polyalcohol film to the opposite surfaces of the blocks.
  • the water-soluble polyalcohol impregnates well within wood as a result of its moisture and vacuum.
  • a preferred polyalcohol is polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight within the range of 600 - 1200.
  • the wood slices or blocks are advanced or carried into a heat-treating storage 12, having a temperature of 50 - 80°C.
  • a heat-treating storage the wood slices or blocks are held 1 - 3 days, during which time the penetration (diffusion) of polyalcohol to a sufficient depth on either side of a wood block.
  • the blocks thus impregnated with polyalcohol are removed from heat-treating storage and dried whereby, upon the removal of water, the polyalcohol concentrates.
  • the block surfaces are ground and the contours are worked to precise dimensions.
  • the blocks are glued to create board parquet blanks, i.e. the blocks are adhered between two basic layers 4.
  • the adhesion to a basic parquet element layer 4 can be effected with a resin or a wood-based adhesive 5 (e.g. polyester resin or polyvinyl acetate adhesive).
  • the base 4 can be preferably made of plywood having a thickness of e.g. 9 mm.
  • the base 4 may also include one or more layers of reinforced plastics.
  • the blank is sawn through in the middle of wood blocks 1 and the resulting boards are worked to form butments and the sawn-off surfaces are ground smooth. Following the sawing and grinding operation, the vertically grained surface layer 1 has a thickness of e.g. 3,0 - 3,5 mm.
  • the surface of a finished wood parquet element is coated with a filling resin or varnish, which is allowed to impregnate within and between the wood grains.
  • the impregnation of filling resin is accelerated basically the same way as described above in connection with the impregnation of PEG.
  • the boards are pre-heated whereby, upon cooling, they absorb the resin to a sufficient depth within and between the wood grains.
  • One preferred filling resin or varnish is an inexpensive polyester resin, whereby the parquet manufacturing costs remain reasonable despite the fact that, due to the porosity of a surface, the required amount of resin will be 100 - 300 g/m2, preferably 150 - 200 g/m2.
  • the filling resin or varnish adsorbs locally to the depth of up to 0,5 mm and over most of the surface area to the depth of more than 0,2 mm.
  • the thickness of filling resin or varnish layer 2 impregnating in wood varies according to the porosity and absorbability of wood but is within the above range.
  • the process preferably employs a UV-setting polyester resin but another possibility is a conventional, extra heat activated (accelerated) setting reaction.
  • a layer consisting of filling resin or varnish 2 increases substantially the wear resistance and hardness of vertically grained wood.
  • the surface filling layer also provides an additional protection against the penetration of moisture and, at the same time, reinforces the structure against the forces created by the remaining mosture-induced movements.
  • filling layer 2 the consumption of expensive parquet lacquers, such as UV-setting polyurethane lacquers, remains on the same level or will be lower than in conventional board parquets. Its amount is 20 - 50 g/m2. Thus, the amount of filling resin or varnish to be impregnated within wood is appr. 4 - 5 times that of a parquet lacquer. However, the price of e.g. polyester resin is only a fraction of that of the UV-setting urethane lacquer used as a parquet lacquer.
  • a method of the invention is also suitable for manufacturing a high-quality parquet from soft grades of wood.
  • alder has been used to manufacture for test purposes a vertically-grained wood parquet having an approximately double hardness and a multiple wear resistance as compared to normal oakwood parquet.
  • aspen can be used to produce a parquet competitive with the available grade of parquet in terms of wear resistance and hardness. The same applies also to the relatives of aspen, e.g. poplar. Indeed, one discovery and benefit of the invention relates to the very use of soft grades of wood.
  • a single parquet element can be made to be relatively wide (e.g. 278 cm), whereby it is possible to create a wide range of designs by varying the laying-down patterns of wood blocks which vay in terms of colour tones and sizes/designs.
  • the possibility of using inexpensive wood materials such as alder and aspen renders a parquet structure of the invention competitive also in terms of price.
  • This method can be applied to the manufacture of finished parquet or board parquet but it is also applicable to genuine parquet to be laid directly on the floor to match a traditional floor parquet, wherein the blocks are glued directly to the floor, ground and varnished with parquet lacquers.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Holzoberflächenschicht für Parkett, wobei die Holzmaserung senkrecht oder in einem Winkel verläuft, der wesentlich von Null abweicht im Verhältnis zur Parkettoberfläche, und im wesentlichen über die gesamte Stärke einer Holzoberflächenschicht (1) wird einiges Zellwandwasser des Holzes vorzugsweise durch einen wasserlöslichen Polyalkohol ersetzt, am besten durch Polyethylenglykol mit einem Molekulargewicht zwischen 600 - 1200,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß die Holzoberflächenschicht 0,1 - 0,5 mm tief zwischen und innerhalb der senkrechten Holzmaserung mit einem Füllharz oder Lack (2) imprägniert wird, der 100 - 300 g/m² beträgt, und über diese Lackierung wird ein Parkettlack (1) aufgetragen, der 20 - 50 g/m² beträgt.
  2. Holzoberflächenschicht für Parkett gemäß Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß die Holzoberflächenschicht aus einer oder mehreren der folgenden Holzarten besteht: Erlenholz, Espenholz, Pappelnholz sowie andere zugehörige weiche Holzarten.
  3. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Holzoberflächenschicht (1) für Parkett, bei deren Oberfläche die Holzmaserung senkrecht oder in einem Winkel verläuft, der wesentlich von Null abweicht im Verhältnis zur Parkettoberfläche, wobei Holzscheiben oder -blöcke (1'), die zur Herstellung der Oberflächenschicht (1) benutzt werden, in einem Heizkessel oder Ofen (7) erhitzt werden, und die heißen Oberflächen der Scheiben oder Blöcke werden mit einem holzimprägnierenden, wasserlöslichen Polyalkohol beschichtet, der einiges Zellwandwasser des Holzes ersetzt,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß der wasserlösliche Polyalkohol auf die Holzoberfläche aufgetragen wird, während diese sich in erwärmten Zustand befindet, wobei nach Abkühlung des Holzes das sich darin entwickelnde Vakuum den Polyalkohol in das Innere des Holzes absorbiert, und nach der Polyalkoholimprägnierung wird die hölzerne Nutzoberfläche einer hölzernen Oberflächenschicht (1), die dem Grundparkett (4) anhaftet, mit einem Füllharz oder Lack (2) beschichtet, der zwischen und innerhalb der senkrechten Holzmaserung 0,1 - 0,5 mm tief imprägniert, wobei der Füllharz oder Lack 100 - 300 g/m², vorzugsweise 150 - 300 g/m² beträgt, und als oberste Schicht wird ein Parkettlack aufgetragen, der 20 - 50 g/m² beträgt.
  4. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 3,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß der Polyalkohol nicht-verdünntes Wärmepolyethylenglykol beinhaltet.
  5. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 3 oder 4,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß die Scheiben oder Blöcke, die von saftfrischem Holz quer zur Maserung abgeschnitten werden, durch einen Mikrowellenofen (7) transportiert werden, wobei das Holz und das Wasser, der Wasserdampf und die darin enthaltene Luft auf eine Temperatur von 45 - 90° C erhitzt werden, und daß der Erhitzungskreislauf für so kurze Zeit aufrechterhalten wird, daß keine wesentliche Holzaustrocknung vor dem Auftragen des wasserlöslichen Polyalkohols auf die Holzoberfläche zustandekommen kann.
  6. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 3 bis 5,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß der Polyalkohol in Form eines einer Düse (9, 11) entnommenen Films auf die Holzscheiben oder -blöcke, die sich auf einer Transportanlage (8, 10) befinden, aufgetragen wird.
  7. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 3 bis 6,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß nach dem Auftragen des Polyalkoholimprägnats die Holzscheiben oder -blöcke 1 bis 3 Tage lang einer Temperatur von 50 - 80° C ausgesetzt bleiben, bevor sie mit dem Grundparkett verbunden werden.
  8. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 3,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß das Füllharz (2) UV-setzende Polyesterharze und der Parkettlack (1) UV-setzende Urethanlacke beinhaltet.
  9. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 3,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß das Füllharz (2) auf die Oberfläche des Wärmeparkettelements während seines Kühlungskreislaufs aufgetragen wird.
EP92900447A 1990-12-05 1991-12-05 Holzoberflächenschicht für parkett und verfahren zu deren erzeugung Expired - Lifetime EP0560853B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI906014A FI93432C (fi) 1990-12-05 1990-12-05 Menetelmä parketin pintakerroksen valmistamiseksi
FI906014 1990-12-05
PCT/FI1991/000375 WO1992010341A1 (en) 1990-12-05 1991-12-05 Wood surface layer for a parquet and method for manufacturing the same

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0560853A1 EP0560853A1 (de) 1993-09-22
EP0560853B1 true EP0560853B1 (de) 1996-04-17

Family

ID=8531533

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92900447A Expired - Lifetime EP0560853B1 (de) 1990-12-05 1991-12-05 Holzoberflächenschicht für parkett und verfahren zu deren erzeugung

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0560853B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH06506162A (de)
DE (1) DE69118910T2 (de)
FI (1) FI93432C (de)
RU (1) RU2073088C1 (de)
WO (1) WO1992010341A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008051805A1 (de) * 2008-10-17 2010-04-22 Thomas Riemer Verfahren zur Oberflächenveredelung von Holz, insbesondere Holzfußböden

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004061771A1 (de) 2004-12-22 2006-07-06 Klebchemie M.G. Becker Gmbh +Co.Kg Verfahren zur Versiegelung von Oberflächen
AT14964U3 (de) * 2016-04-22 2017-07-15 Ing Markus Rettenbacher Dipl Verfahren zur Herstellung und Anwendung neuartiger Schnittholzteile
CN107553648A (zh) * 2017-09-11 2018-01-09 阜南县猛发工艺品有限公司 一种提高软质木片加工性能的方法
RU2755439C1 (ru) * 2021-02-26 2021-09-16 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Череповецкий государственный университет» Способ обработки древесины путем комбинированного воздействия энергией электромагнитного поля сверхвысокой частоты и ультрафиолетовым излучением

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT264804B (de) * 1963-02-28 1968-09-10 Mo Och Domsjoe Ab Verfahren und Behandlung von Holz
DE1621820B1 (de) * 1967-11-02 1972-03-09 Bergolin Lack Und Farbenfabrik Verfahren zum Grundieren von Holz
AU2331370A (en) * 1970-12-14 1972-06-15 Antal John Decorative hard surface timber floorcovering
NZ192446A (en) * 1979-03-22 1981-12-15 Envirosol Syst Int Wood treatmetn by depositing low-molecular weight resin in cell walls of wood
DE3045077A1 (de) * 1980-11-29 1982-07-01 Lhc Loba-Holmenkol-Chemie Dr. Fischer Und Dr. Weinmann Kg, 7257 Ditzingen Verfahren zum versiegeln von parkettboeden und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008051805A1 (de) * 2008-10-17 2010-04-22 Thomas Riemer Verfahren zur Oberflächenveredelung von Holz, insbesondere Holzfußböden

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI93432B (fi) 1994-12-30
DE69118910D1 (de) 1996-05-23
RU2073088C1 (ru) 1997-02-10
JPH06506162A (ja) 1994-07-14
FI906014A0 (fi) 1990-12-05
DE69118910T2 (de) 1996-12-05
FI93432C (fi) 1995-04-10
EP0560853A1 (de) 1993-09-22
WO1992010341A1 (en) 1992-06-25
FI906014A (fi) 1992-06-06

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