EP0542637B1 - Elektrischer Schalter mit zwei Vakuumschaltkapseln in Reihe - Google Patents

Elektrischer Schalter mit zwei Vakuumschaltkapseln in Reihe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0542637B1
EP0542637B1 EP92420361A EP92420361A EP0542637B1 EP 0542637 B1 EP0542637 B1 EP 0542637B1 EP 92420361 A EP92420361 A EP 92420361A EP 92420361 A EP92420361 A EP 92420361A EP 0542637 B1 EP0542637 B1 EP 0542637B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contacts
circuit breaker
movable
electrical circuit
contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92420361A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0542637A1 (de
Inventor
Peter Malkin
Roger Bolongeat-Mobleu
Frédéric Burnaz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric SE
Original Assignee
Schneider Electric SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schneider Electric SE filed Critical Schneider Electric SE
Publication of EP0542637A1 publication Critical patent/EP0542637A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0542637B1 publication Critical patent/EP0542637B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H01H33/6661—Combination with other type of switch, e.g. for load break switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/12—Auxiliary contacts on to which the arc is transferred from the main contacts
    • H01H33/121—Load break switches
    • H01H33/122—Load break switches both breaker and sectionaliser being enclosed, e.g. in SF6-filled container

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a medium or high voltage electrical circuit breaker having, by pole, a support for two vacuum cartridges, each of which contains a pair of separable contacts, which pairs of contacts are electrically connected in series by an electrical connection, for an increase. of the voltage withstand of the pole and each comprise a movable contact, which two movable contacts are connected by a mechanical link to open and close the two pairs of contacts simultaneously under the action of a control mechanism.
  • a known circuit breaker (EP-A-342.603) of the kind mentioned, comprises two cartridges or vacuum ampoules, arranged one above the other, inside an elongated support, carried by an insulating console secured to 'a chassis.
  • the aforementioned known circuit breaker is very bulky and bulky, and it requires significant control energy, practically double that of a single cartridge. The incorporation of such a circuit breaker in a cell poses serious problems to which are added the risks of overheating which are also double.
  • an electric circuit breaker with medium voltage having by pole a support for a cartridge which contains a pair of separable arcing contacts one of which is movable, and a mechanism for command to open and close the contacts.
  • the cartridge is rigidly secured inside a sealed enclosure filled with a gas with high dielectric strength and includes an insulating envelope whose line of flight corresponds to the dielectric strength of the envelope in gas with high dielectric strength.
  • a pair of main contacts is arranged in the enclosure and electrically connected in parallel with the contacts arranged in arcing contacts of the vacuum cartridge, the pair of main contacts being controlled by the control mechanism to open before the contacts d arc and close after arcing contacts.
  • document EP-A-0 517 620 proposes the use of a pressure spring of pre-compressed contacts for the control of the vacuum interrupter of the circuit breaker disclosed in the aforementioned document EP-A-0 433 184.
  • the circuit breaker according to EP-A-0 517 620 also includes a single vacuum interrupter.
  • the present invention aims to allow the realization of an electric circuit breaker, with vacuum cartridge, having a truly increased dielectric strength.
  • circuit breaker according to the invention is defined in claim 1.
  • the vacuum cartridge advantageously includes a coil generating an axial magnetic field in the arc formation zone, and the arc contacts are made of a material with high resistivity, for example a refractory material or equivalent.
  • the main contacts are advantageously aligned, in the closed position, with two bushings arranged on opposite sides of the enclosure, so as to reduce the path of passage of the nominal current.
  • the vacuum cartridges are juxtaposed to this rectilinear trajectory of the current, in order to facilitate by reduction of the loop effect, the switching of the current in the shunting circuit, constituted by the vacuum cartridges.
  • the movable main contact can be a knife contact, swivel or rotary ensuring either a single cut, or a double cut.
  • the arrangement of the vacuum cartridges inside the enclosure filled with sulfur hexafluoride is determined by the general architecture of the circuit breaker and naturally depends on the number of cartridges to be incorporated into the enclosure.
  • two cartridges are arranged in parallel with their movable contact oriented on the same side and connected by a control bar.
  • Another advantageous arrangement is an aligned arrangement of the two vacuum cartridges arranged one after the other.
  • the two movable contacts of the vacuum cartridges face each other and are connected by a toggle system, ensuring the simultaneous control of the two movable contacts.
  • the control mechanism ensures, in the usual way, the prior opening of the main contacts and vice versa, the closing of the main contacts after that of the contacts of the vacuum cartridges acting as arcing contacts.
  • the control mechanism may include a rotary shaft passing through the wall of the enclosure and carrying inside this enclosure a control crank.
  • This control crank can be double or be made by two cranks, each integral of the control shaft, the cranks being connected by a link to the movable arcing contact, while the other is connected to the movable main contact. It is also possible to move the movable contacts, by mechanically interconnecting the arcing contacts and the main contact and by transmitting the control movement of the rotary shaft directly to one of these contacts, in particular to the movable main contact. .
  • Other control modes are of course conceivable without departing from the scope of the invention as claimed.
  • the circuit breaker according to the invention is particularly suitable for a medium voltage installation with gas insulation, the enclosure then comprising a grounded metal casing.
  • the same enclosure can contain the three poles of the circuit breaker, which allows an additional reduction of the total space requirement.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic elevational view of a circuit breaker according to the invention, the front wall being assumed removed.
  • Figure 2 is a view similar to that of Figure 1, showing an alternative embodiment of the circuit breaker.
  • a medium-voltage or high-voltage circuit breaker is housed in a sealed enclosure 10, the metal or insulating wall 11 of which can be that of an installation or station with gas insulation, or that of a pole or three poles of the circuit breaker.
  • the pole shown in Figure 1 has two sealed crossings 12,13, two conductors 14 of input and output 15 of the current which terminate outside the enclosure 10 by pads 16 of connection and inside , respectively by a fixed main contact 17, and by a support 18 of a movable main contact 19 in the form of a knife pivotally mounted on a fixed axis 20.
  • the movable main contact 19 is aligned with the bushings 12,13 and it cooperates with the fixed main contact 17 to close the main circuit connecting the input and output pads 16.
  • the enclosure 10 is filled with a gas with high dielectric strength, in particular sulfur hexafluoride at atmospheric pressure or under overpressure.
  • the enclosure 10 contains two vacuum cartridges 20, 21, of generally cylindrical shape, the longitudinal axes of which are parallel to each other and parallel to the direction of alignment of the bushings 12, 13.
  • the two cartridges 20, 21 are arranged one next to the other at the same level, and next to the main contacts 17, 19.
  • the two cartridges 20, 21 are identical and each comprise a fixed contact 22 which cooperates with a movable contact 23 mounted to slide, and extended by a control rod 24, sealingly passing through one of the bottoms 25 of the cartridge. empty 20.21.
  • the control rods 24 of the movable contacts 23 of the cartridges 20,21, which constitute arcing contacts, arranged on the same side, are secured by a transverse bar 26.
  • the two vacuum cartridges 20,21 are electrically connected in series in an auxiliary arc circuit constituted by a connecting conductor 27, from the bushing 12 to the fixed arcing contact 22 of the cartridge 20, by a bent conductor 28, from the connecting of the movable arcing contact 23 of the cartridge 20, via the metal bottom 25, at the fixed arcing contact 22, of the cartridge 21 and a conductor 29 for connecting the movable arcing contact 23 of the cartridge 21, via the metal bottom 25 to the bushing 13. It is easy to see that this auxiliary circuit constituted by the conductor 27, the cartridge 20, the conductor 28, the cartridge 21 and the conductor 29 is connected in parallel with the main contacts 17,19.
  • a rotary control shaft 30 passes through the wall 11 of the enclosure, and carries at its internal end, a crank with two arms 31, 32, one of which 31 is connected by a connecting rod 33 to the pivoting main contact 19, the other 32 of which is connected by a link 34 to a slide 35 secured to the crossbar 26.
  • the connection between the branch 32 and the link 34 comprises a buttonhole 36, which constitutes a dead travel connection , biased in extension by a precompressed spring 37.
  • the mechanism is arranged so that during an opening operation of the circuit breaker, controlled by a rotation of the shaft 30 anticlockwise, the arcing contacts 23 remain first closed time, thanks to the dead stroke 36.
  • the current which passed through the main contacts 17,19 is switched in the arcing circuit without arcing on the main contacts 17,19.
  • the cylindrical casing 38 of the vacuum cartridges 20,21 is made of ceramic material or glass with a smooth external surface, the axial length of which defines the critical line of flight of the cartridge 20,21. This axial length is determined as a function of the voltage, to ensure sufficient dielectric strength, and this length is notably less than that of a cartridge placed in air.
  • the series connection of the two cartridges 20,21 significantly increases and practically doubles the voltage withstand of the circuit breaker.
  • An axial magnetic field is generated by the path of the current in the arcing contacts 22,23, or by a coil (not shown) to generate a diffusion of the arcing and the high resistivity of the contact parts, contributes to reduce the currents induced in these contacts by this magnetic field.
  • FIG. 2 the same reference numbers are used to designate parts similar or identical to those of FIG. 1.
  • the aligned bushings 13,14 which each carry at their end a main fixed contact 17,39, cooperating with a movable main contact 40 in the form of a rotary contact bridge, coming in the closed position in contact with the fixed contacts 17,39, to constitute an aligned main circuit 14,40,13.
  • the vacuum cartridges 20,21 are arranged on the same parallel axis and adjacent to the main circuit 14,40,39.
  • the cartridges 20, 21 are spaced apart and their movable contact 23 face each other by cooperating with a toggle mechanism 41 interposed between the two movable arcing contacts 23.
  • At each contact rod 24 is articulated a connecting rod 42 ending at the opposite end by a buttonhole 43.
  • the two buttonholes 43 overlap and are crossed by an axis 44 carried by a connecting rod 45, articulated on the movable main contact 40.
  • a precompressed spring 37 biases the axis 44 towards the bottom of the buttonholes 43.
  • the circuit breaker being in open position, represented in FIG. 2, it is understood that a rotation in the anti-clockwise direction of the control shaft 30, causes a rotation of the movable main contact 40 towards the closed position, which rotation is transformed by the connecting rod 45 in a sliding movement to the right of the axis 44.
  • This translation of the axis 44 causes an extension of the knee pads constituted by the rods 42 and the contact rods 24, and a closing of the contacts arc 22.23.
  • the precompressed springs 37 do not intervene until the end of a closure of the arcing contacts 22, 23 and it is clear that these close simultaneously, the assembly being arranged so that they close before the main contacts 17,40,39, in a well known manner.
  • An electrical conductor 27 connects the bushing 14 to the fixed arcing contact 22 of the cartridge 20, while the two movable arcing contacts 23 are electrically connected by a conductor 46, and that the fixed arcing contact 22 of the cartridge 21 is connected by a conductor 47 to the bushing 13.
  • the auxiliary circuit 27,20,46,21,47 shunts the main contacts 17,40,39 and that the cartridges 20,21 are connected in series in this circuit auxiliary.
  • the operation is of course identical to that described above, with reference to FIG. 1, the use of a movable main contact 40 with double break improving the voltage withstand for a lower opening stroke.
  • the cartridges 20,21 are fixed to the wall 11 by any appropriate means, in particular by insulating supports (not shown) or in particular by the connection conductors (27,29; 27,46,47) arranged in supports secured to the wall 11.

Landscapes

  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Mittelspannungs- oder Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter, welcher pro Pol einen Träger (27, 29; 27, 46, 47) mit mindestens zwei Vakuumschaltröhren umfaßt (20, 21), die jeweils ein trennbares Kontaktpaar (22, 23) enthalten, wobei die Kontaktpaare zur Erhöhung der Spannungsfestigkeit des Pols über eine elektrische Verbindung (28, 46) in Serie geschaltet sind sowie jeweils einen beweglichen Kontakt (23) aufweisen und die beiden beweglichen Kontakte (23) zur gleichzeitigen Ein- und Ausschaltung der beiden Kontaktpaare (22, 23) unter Einwirkung eines Antriebsmechanismus' (30; 41) über eine mechanische Verbindung (26; 44) miteinander verbunden sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem Leistungsschalter
    - die beiden Schaltröhren (20, 21) im Inneren eines, mit einem Gas hoher dielektrischer Festigkeit gefüllten gasdichten Gehäuse (10) fest montiert sind, welches die genannte elektrische Verbindung (28; 46) zwischen den Kontaktpaaren (22, 23) und die genannte mechanische Verbindung (26; 44) zwischen den beweglichen Kontakten (23) enthält,
    - jede Schaltröhre (20, 21) eine lsolierstoffumhüllung (38) aufweist, deren Kriechstrecke die dielektrische Festigkeit der Umhüllung in der Umgebung des Gases mit hoher dielektrischer Festigkeit bestimmt und ein im Inneren des genannten Gehäuses (10) angeordnetes Hauptkontaktpaar (17, 19; 17, 39, 40) elektrisch zu den, als Lichtbogenkontakte (22, 23) ausgebildeten Kontakten der beiden in Serie geschalteten Vakuumschaltröhren (20, 21) geschaltet ist und über den genannten Antriebsmechanismus (30) betätigt wird, um vor den Lichtbogenkontakten (22, 23) zu öffnen und nach den Lichtbogenkontakten zu schließen,
    - und der genannte Schaltmechanismus (30; 41) der beweglichen Lichtbogenkontakte (23) eine Freilaufkupplung (31-36; 42-45) umfaßt, die durch eine vorgespannte Kontaktdruckfeder (37) mit begrenztem Wirkhub in Streckrichtung beaufschlagt wird, derart daß die genannte Feder (37) im Verlauf einer Einschalthandlung des Leistungsschalters zunächst eine zunehmende Kompression und anschließend, gegen Ende des Einschalthubs eine Verringerung dieser Kompression erfährt und die genannte Feder (37) umgekehrt, im Verlauf einer Ausschaltbewegung zunächst eine zunehmende Kompression erfährt, auf die eine Verringerung dieser Kompression sowie eine Trennung der Lichtbogenkontakte (22, 23) folgt.
  2. Leistungsschalter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede Schaltröhre (20, 21) Mittel zur Erzeugung eines axialen Magnetfelds in der Zone umfaßt, in welcher der im Innern der Schaltröhre bei der Trennung der Lichtbogenkontakte (22, 23) gezogene Lichtbogen entsteht.
  3. Leistungsschalter nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lichtbogenkontakte (22, 23) aus einem Material mit hohem spezifischem Widerstand, insbesondere aus einem hitzebeständigen Material bestehen.
  4. Leistungsschalter nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das genannte Gehäuse (10) zwei, als Eingangs- bzw. Ausgangsleiter ausgebildete gasdichte Durchführungen (13, 14) umfaßt, wobei die beiden Durchführungen (13, 14) und die Hauptkontakte (17, 19; 17, 40, 39) in der Einschaltstellung annähemd miteinander fluchten, und daß die Vakuumschaltröhren (20, 21) parallel sowie neben der von den Durchführungen und den Hauptkontakten (17, 19; 17, 40, 39) definierten Achse angeordnet sind.
  5. Leistungsschalter nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Vakuumschaltröhren (20, 21) nebeneinander angeordnet und ihre beweglichen Kontakte (23) zur gleichen Seite hin ausgerichtet sind, und daß die mechanische Verbindung zwischen diesen beiden beweglichen Kontakten (23) eine mit dem Antriebsmechanismus (30) verbundene Stange (26) umfassen.
  6. Leistungsschalter nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Vakuumschaltröhren (20, 21) fluchtend hintereinander angeordnet und ihre beweglichen Kontakte (23) einander zugewandt sind, und daß die mechanische Verbindung (41) zwischen diesen beiden Kontakten (23) ein Kniehebelsystem (42, 44) umfaßt.
  7. Leistungsschalter nach irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die genannten Hauptkontakte (17, 40, 39) eine doppelte Trennstelle gewährleisten.
  8. Leistungsschalter nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Antriebsmechanismus eine Schaltwelle (30) umfaßt, die gasdicht in das Innere des genannten Gehäuses (10) hineinragt und dort zwei Hebel (31, 32) trägt, von denen einer (32) über einen Gelenkhebel (34) an die Verbindungsstange (26) der beiden beweglichen Lichtbogenkontakte (23) und der andere (31) über einen Gelenkhebel (33) an den, als Schwenkkontakt ausgebildeten, beweglichen Hauptkontakt (19) angekoppelt ist.
  9. Leistungsschalter nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Antriebsmechanismus eine Schaltwelle (30) umfaßt, die gasdicht in das Innere des genannten Gehäuses (10) hineinragt und dort einen Hebel (31) trägt, der an den als Drehkontakt ausgebildeten beweglichen Hauptkontakt (40) angekoppelt ist, und daß das genannte Kniehebelsystem (42, 44) zur Betätigung der beweglichen Lichtbogenkontakte (23) über eine Stange (45) mit dem drehbaren Hauptkontakt (40) verbunden ist.
EP92420361A 1991-10-17 1992-10-14 Elektrischer Schalter mit zwei Vakuumschaltkapseln in Reihe Expired - Lifetime EP0542637B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9113062A FR2682807B1 (fr) 1991-10-17 1991-10-17 Disjoncteur electrique a deux cartouches a vide en serie.
FR9113062 1991-10-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0542637A1 EP0542637A1 (de) 1993-05-19
EP0542637B1 true EP0542637B1 (de) 1997-07-23

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92420361A Expired - Lifetime EP0542637B1 (de) 1991-10-17 1992-10-14 Elektrischer Schalter mit zwei Vakuumschaltkapseln in Reihe

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5347096A (de)
EP (1) EP0542637B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH05266770A (de)
CA (1) CA2080517A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69221080T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2106153T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2682807B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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EP3843117A1 (de) 2019-12-24 2021-06-30 Elna Kabel d.o.o. Lasttrennschalter ohne sf6-gas mit einem vakuumleistungsschalter für mittelspannungsschaltanlagen

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FR2682807B1 (fr) 1997-01-24
FR2682807A1 (fr) 1993-04-23
JPH05266770A (ja) 1993-10-15
DE69221080T2 (de) 1998-01-15
US5347096A (en) 1994-09-13
CA2080517A1 (en) 1993-04-18
DE69221080D1 (de) 1997-09-04
EP0542637A1 (de) 1993-05-19
ES2106153T3 (es) 1997-11-01

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