EP0518786B1 - Elektrischer Vakuumschalter - Google Patents

Elektrischer Vakuumschalter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0518786B1
EP0518786B1 EP92420187A EP92420187A EP0518786B1 EP 0518786 B1 EP0518786 B1 EP 0518786B1 EP 92420187 A EP92420187 A EP 92420187A EP 92420187 A EP92420187 A EP 92420187A EP 0518786 B1 EP0518786 B1 EP 0518786B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
base plate
contacts
cartridge
electrical switch
spiral
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92420187A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0518786A1 (de
Inventor
Peter Malkin
Roger Bolongeat-Mobleu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric SE
Original Assignee
Schneider Electric SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schneider Electric SE filed Critical Schneider Electric SE
Publication of EP0518786A1 publication Critical patent/EP0518786A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0518786B1 publication Critical patent/EP0518786B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
    • H01H33/6641—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings making use of a separate coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/12—Auxiliary contacts on to which the arc is transferred from the main contacts
    • H01H33/121—Load break switches
    • H01H33/122—Load break switches both breaker and sectionaliser being enclosed, e.g. in SF6-filled container

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a medium voltage electric switch with an elongated vacuum cartridge, in which is housed a pair of contacts extending axially inside the cartridge, and one of which, movable, is mounted with axial sliding.
  • said cartridge being closed at its ends by bottoms, at least one of which is metallic and comprises a central part electrically connected to one of said contacts, a current supply range arranged on the periphery of the bottom, a mechanically split coil and electrically secured to the bottom and connected between said area and the central part of the bottom to form a path of current travel in the form of a coil which generates an axial field in the contact separation zone.
  • Application EP-A-0433184 of the applicant describes an electrical switch of the type mentioned in which the current is cut off in the vacuum cartridge.
  • the axial magnetic field generated by the current flowing through the coil increases the breaking capacity of the cartridge by causing diffusion of the arc and avoiding any concentration of energy at a particular point.
  • This coil is coaxial with the cartridge and of flattened shape, and it can consist either of a conductor fixed by welding to said bottom, or be defined by a spiral groove cut in the mass, in this case in the thickness of the bottom on the internal face of the cartridge.
  • the electrical resistance of the radial conductive path between said area and the central part, constituted by said bottom, is increased to divert an increased part of the current towards the turn which generates the blowing field of the arc.
  • the invention is based on the observation that only the current flowing through the turn generates an axial magnetic field, the part of the current flowing through the radial path being unused or inactive.
  • the electrical resistance of the radial path is increased in order to derive most of the current in the coil which generates the blowing field of the arc.
  • the electrical resistance of the radial path can be increased in various ways, in particular by the elongation of this radial path, obtained by undulations of the bottom or by a slot, formed at the interface of the turn and the bottom.
  • the bottom arranged in an axial blowing coil has the advantage of protecting the junction point between the ceramic part constituting the cylindrical body of the bulb and the metal bottom, which point is protected by the external coil acting as a distribution screen. field.
  • the undulations or slot formed in the bottom give the latter a certain elasticity which dampens the transmission of shock impacts from the contacts to the ceramic part of the bulb.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for a circuit breaker electric with sealed enclosure filled with sulfur hexafluoride, in which the main contacts are housed, and in parallel the vacuum cartridge, the contacts of which constitute arcing contacts which open after the separation of the main contacts.
  • the invention will be described in this preferred application and the reader will advantageously refer to the aforementioned patent application for further details.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view in axial section of a vacuum interrupter circuit breaker according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a partial view on an enlarged scale of the bottom of the bulb according to FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the bottom according to FIG. 2.
  • Figure 4 is a view similar to that of Figure 2, illustrating an alternative embodiment.
  • a medium-voltage circuit breaker with a sealed enclosure 10 is recognized, the metal or insulating wall 12 of which can be that of an installation or station with gas insulation, or that of one pole or of the three poles of the circuit breaker .
  • the pole shown in Figure 1 has two sealed crossings 14,16 of conductors 18 of input and output 20 of the current, which terminate outside the enclosure 10 by pads 22 of connection and inside , respectively by a support 24 of a fixed main contact 26 and by a support 28 of a movable main contact 30, in the form of a knife pivotally mounted on a fixed axis 32.
  • the movable main contact 30 In the closed position, the movable main contact 30 is aligned , and in contact with the fixed main contact 26 to close the main circuit, consisting of the input conductor 18, the support 24, the fixed main contacts 26, and mobile 30, the support 28 and the output conductor 20.
  • the supports 24,28 are extended by arms 34 , 36 extending transversely and framing by their free ends a vacuum cartridge 38.
  • the cylindrical casing 40 of the cartridge 38 is closed in a leaktight manner at its two ends by metallic bottoms 42, 44, each mechanically connected and electrically at the free end of the associated arm 34.36.
  • the axis of the cartridge is substantially parallel to the main contacts 26,30 aligned in the closed position and a pair of elongated arcing contacts 46,48 is arranged coaxially in the cartridge 38.
  • the arcing contacts one of which 46 is fixed and integral with the bottom 42, and the other 48 of which is movable, each carries a contact piece 50 in the form of a disc.
  • the movable arcing contact 48 crosses, with the interposition of a sealing bellows, the bottom 44 to which it is electrically connected. It is easy to see that the arms 34, 36, the bottoms 42, 44 and the arcing contacts 46, 48 with their contact parts 50 abutted, form an auxiliary arcing circuit connected in parallel with the main contacts 26.30 .
  • a rotary control shaft 52 passes through the wall 12 and carries at its internal end a crank 54, connected on the one hand by an articulated rod 56 to the main knife 30 and on the other hand by a link 58 and a buttonhole 60 in contact with 'movable arc 48.
  • a buttonhole 60 formed in the rod 58, is slidably mounted a pin 62 carried by the crank 54 so as to constitute a dead-stroke connection urged in extension by a spring 65.
  • the mechanism is arranged to so that during an opening operation of the circuit breaker, controlled by a rotation of the shaft 52 clockwise, the movable main contact 30 opens first, the arcing contacts 46.48 remaining closed at first thanks to the dead race 60.62.
  • the current which passed through the main contacts 26.30 is switched in the arcing circuit without arcing on the main contacts 26.30.
  • a continued rotation of the shaft 52 causes the opening of the arcing contacts 46, 48 and the final opening of the circuit breaker.
  • the closing operation controlled by a reverse rotation of the shaft 52, first closes the arcing contacts 46,48, then the main contacts 26,30.
  • the cylindrical casing 40 of the vacuum cartridge 38 is made of ceramic or glass with a smooth external surface, the axial length of which defines the critical line of flight of the cartridge 38.
  • This axial length is determined as a function of the voltage, for ensure sufficient dielectric strength and this length is significantly less than that of a cartridge placed in the air. At medium voltage, this length is less than or close to 15 cm and the reduced size of the vacuum cartridge 38 facilitates its accommodation.
  • the contact parts 50 of the arcing contacts 46, 48 are made of a material with high resistivity, in particular refractory, such as tungsten, chromium or alloys of these metals, in order to increase their resistance to arcing.
  • the high resistivity of these materials is not a problem, since the permanent current is supported by the main contacts 26.30. This high resistivity even constitutes a notable advantage by reducing the currents induced in the contact parts 50.
  • the bottom 42 disposed on the side of the fixed arcing contact 46, comprises a plate-shaped part 66 and a split coil 68 of large section, integral with the periphery of the plaque.
  • One 70 of the ends of the coil 68 is arranged in the current supply range, connected to the arm 34 and the other end 72 is connected to the central part or to the fixed contact 46.
  • the current brought by the arm 34 flows largely the turn or coil 68, only a small part passing through the plate 66.
  • the axial field ensures a diffusion of the arc and thus allows obtaining a high breaking capacity.
  • the plate 66 has corrugations 74 which increase the radial path of the current in the plate 66 between the periphery of the bottom 42 and the central part, and thus increase the electrical resistance of this radial path to promote the passage of current in the coil 68.
  • the corrugations 74 give the bottom 42 a certain elasticity capable of absorbing the shocks transmitted by the contacts to the cylindrical ceramic part 40 of the bulb.
  • the corrugations 74 are applicable to a bottom 42 having a coil 68 cut in the mass as shown in FIG. 2, as well as to a bottom carrying a coil 68 secured by welding or any other suitable means.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an alternative embodiment in which the length of the radial path is increased by a slot 76 made inside the turn 68.
  • This slot 76 requires a current hairpin path radially traversing the bottom 42 of the current supply range 70 towards the central part 46.
  • the invention has been described for a coil with a single turn, but it is clear that it is applicable to a coil with several turns.

Landscapes

  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Mittelspannungs-Lastschalter mit länglich geformter Vakuumkammer (38), in der zwei Kontakte (46, 48) axial angeordnet sind, von denen einer (48) beweglich ausgeführt und axial verschiebbar gelagert ist, wobei die genannte Kammer (38) an ihren Enden durch Böden (42, 44) verschlossen ist, von denen mindestens einer (42) metallisch ausgeführt ist und einen, elektrisch mit einem der genannten Kontakte (46, 48) verbundenen Mittelteil, einen am Rand des Bodens (42) ausgebildeten Stromzuführungsanschluß (70) und eine mechanisch und elektrisch mit dem Boden (42) verbundene sowie zwischen den genannten Anschluß (70) und den Mittelteil des Bodens geschaltete geschlitzte Windung (68) aufweist, um eine spulenförmige Stromlaufbahn zu bilden, die ein axiales Magnetfeld in der Trennzone der Kontakte (46, 48) erzeugt, wobei in dem Schalter der elektrische Widerstand der vom genannten Anschluß (70) zum Mittelteil verlaufenden, durch den genannten Boden (42) gebildeten radialen Leitungsbahn erhöht ist, um einen größeren Anteil des Stroms in die das Magnetfeld zur Beblasung des Lichtbogens erzeugende Windung (68) umzulenken.
  2. Lastschalter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Windung (68) am Außenrand der im Innern der Kammer liegenden Seite des Bodens (42) in die Dickenausdehnung des genannten Bodens (42) eingearbeitet ist.
  3. Lastschalter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Leiter in Form einer geschlitzten Windung (68) an der Innenseite des plattenförmig ausgeführten Bodens (42) am Außenrand des Bodens (42) befestigt ist.
  4. Lastschalter nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der in Form einer Platte (66) ausgebildete Bereich des Bodens (42) Wellen (74) zur Verlängerung der genannten radialen Leitungsbahn aufweist.
  5. Lastschalter nach Anspruch 1, 2, 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein zur Außenseite der Vakuumkammer (38) hin geöffneter Blindschlitz (76) entlang der inneren Umfangslinie der Windung (68) ausgebildet ist, um den radialen Strom zu einem haarnadelförmigen Verlauf zwischen dem Anschluß (70) und dem Mittelteil zu zwingen.
  6. Lastschalter nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der spezifische Widerstand des Werkstoffs des Bodens (42) höher ist als der spezifische Widerstand der Windung (68).
  7. Lastschalter nach irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er ein gasdichtes, mit Schwefelhexafluorid gefülltes Gehäuse (10), in dem die Vakuumkammer (38) mit den darin angeordneten Lichtbogenkontakten (46, 48) montiert ist, zwei zu den genannten Lichtbogenkontakten (26, 30) elektrisch parallel geschaltete Hauptkontakte sowie einen Schaltmechanismus (54) zur Betätigung der genannten Kontakte (26, 30; 46, 48) umfaßt, um die Lichtbogenkontakte (46, 48) nach den Hauptkontakten (26, 30) zu öffnen und vor den Hauptkontakten (26, 30) zu schließen.
EP92420187A 1991-06-10 1992-06-05 Elektrischer Vakuumschalter Expired - Lifetime EP0518786B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9107474 1991-06-10
FR9107474A FR2677487B1 (fr) 1991-06-10 1991-06-10 Interrupteur electrique sous vide.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0518786A1 EP0518786A1 (de) 1992-12-16
EP0518786B1 true EP0518786B1 (de) 1995-09-06

Family

ID=9413986

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92420187A Expired - Lifetime EP0518786B1 (de) 1991-06-10 1992-06-05 Elektrischer Vakuumschalter

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5239149A (de)
EP (1) EP0518786B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH0817302A (de)
CA (1) CA2069688A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69204570T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2079826T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2677487B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2721434B1 (fr) * 1994-06-20 1996-08-02 Schneider Electric Sa Ampoule sous vide, notamment pour disjoncteur ou interrupteur électrique moyenne tension et interrupteur intégrant une telle ampoule.
FR2727565B1 (fr) 1994-11-29 1997-01-17 Schneider Electric Sa Interrupteur electrique, notamment sous vide
GB2551307B (en) * 2016-04-08 2021-10-13 Morris Line Engineering Ltd Electrical switching assembly

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL162238C (nl) * 1976-02-19 1980-04-15 Hazemeijer Bv Vacuumschakelaar met coaxiale magneetspoel.
JPS56156626A (en) * 1980-05-06 1981-12-03 Meidensha Electric Mfg Co Ltd Vacuum breaker
US4661666A (en) * 1985-05-28 1987-04-28 Kabushiki Kaisha Meidensha Vacuum interrupter
FR2596578B1 (fr) * 1986-03-28 1994-05-06 Merlin Et Gerin Disjoncteur electrique a autoexpansion et a arc tournant
FR2655766B1 (fr) * 1989-12-11 1993-09-03 Merlin Gerin Disjoncteur hybride moyenne tension.
DE4011194A1 (de) * 1990-04-04 1990-08-02 Slamecka Ernst Vakuumschaltkammer
DE4013903A1 (de) * 1990-04-25 1990-11-22 Slamecka Ernst Magnetfeld-kontaktanordnung fuer vakuumschalter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2079826T3 (es) 1996-01-16
EP0518786A1 (de) 1992-12-16
FR2677487A1 (fr) 1992-12-11
JPH0817302A (ja) 1996-01-19
CA2069688A1 (en) 1992-12-11
US5239149A (en) 1993-08-24
FR2677487B1 (fr) 1993-09-03
DE69204570D1 (de) 1995-10-12
DE69204570T2 (de) 1996-04-25

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