EP0709867B1 - Elektrischer Vakuumschalter - Google Patents

Elektrischer Vakuumschalter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0709867B1
EP0709867B1 EP95116884A EP95116884A EP0709867B1 EP 0709867 B1 EP0709867 B1 EP 0709867B1 EP 95116884 A EP95116884 A EP 95116884A EP 95116884 A EP95116884 A EP 95116884A EP 0709867 B1 EP0709867 B1 EP 0709867B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coil
switch according
mentioned
branch
current
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95116884A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0709867A1 (de
Inventor
Roger Schneider Electric Bolongeat-Mobleu
Frédéric Schneider Electric Burnaz
Hans Schneider Electric Schellekens
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schneider Electric Industries SAS filed Critical Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Publication of EP0709867A1 publication Critical patent/EP0709867A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0709867B1 publication Critical patent/EP0709867B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
    • H01H33/6641—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings making use of a separate coil

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electric switch intended to ensure breaking in an electrical circuit, of the type comprising an elongated vacuum cartridge with envelope cylindrical closed by two bottoms, in which two arcing contacts are housed, one of which, fixed, is secured to one of the aforementioned funds while the other, mobile, is mounted to axial sliding inside the cartridge, and at least one coil intended to produce an axial magnetic field in the arc formation area, said coil comprising a first end electrically connected to one of the aforementioned arcing contacts and a second end arranged in the current supply range.
  • a known circuit breaker (document FR-2.682.808) of the kind mentioned, comprises a ring-shaped coil placed in an annular housing formed by the bottom associated with the coil so that the latter is arranged coaxially outside the cartridge in line with the arcing contact separation interval.
  • One end of the coil is mechanically and electrically connected to the fixed arcing contact, while the other end is electrically connected to a current supply range while being electrically isolated from the fixed arcing contact.
  • One of the drawbacks of this type of circuit breaker is that, the coil being in series with the arcing contacts, all of the main current flows through the coil. It follows that it is necessary to provide a coil of large section, which therefore has a considerable bulk.
  • the present invention solves these problems and proposes a switch, in particular under vacuum using a coil for the creation of an axial magnetic field, of simple design and reduced dimensions.
  • the present invention relates to a switch of the kind previously mentioned according to claim 1.
  • the coil can be constituted by one or more turns of small section.
  • the bypass means comprises a resistive element.
  • this resistive element comprises a resistive washer electrically connecting the two aforementioned ends of the coil.
  • the aforementioned bypass means comprises a magnetic circuit.
  • the magnetic circuit is placed around a conductor electrically connecting the two aforementioned ends of the coil.
  • the magnetic circuit comprises at least one air gap intended delay the current bypass to a certain current intensity value main.
  • the bypass in the turn is carried out from 8000A.
  • the coil consists of a turn, the two of which ends each extend with an angular offset, parallel to the bottoms of the cartridge.
  • the first end of the coil is secured mechanically and electrically connected to the fixed arcing contact.
  • the aforementioned bypass means drifts between 10 and 60% of the current in the coil.
  • the coil and the bypass means are placed inside or outside the cartridge empty.
  • the coil and the bypass means are placed at inside the arcing contact between a conductive rod and an electrode of said contact.
  • each of the contacts is associated with a coil and a means of bypass, which are placed inside the vacuum cartridge.
  • a vacuum interrupter I mainly comprising a vacuum bulb (or cartridge) 1 and a coil 2 mounted coaxially around said bulb in a manner which will be described through the following.
  • This bulb 1 includes an envelope 3 consisting of a cylindrical part 3a closed by two opposite bottoms 3b, 3c. Inside the casing 3 are arranged a fixed arcing contact 4 secured to one 3b aforementioned funds, and a movable arcing contact 5 carried by a control rod (not shown) sealingly crossing the other 3c of the two bottoms.
  • Arc contacts 4, 5 are disc-shaped in a material of low resistivity.
  • Coil 2 is shaped ring arranged coaxially outside the cartridge 1 in line with the interval of separation of the arcing contacts 4, 5.
  • This coil 2 is constituted by a turn and comprises a first and a second end 2a, 2b each extending with an offset angular, parallel to said bottom 3b associated with the coil 2.
  • the first end 2a is mechanically and electrically secured to the fixed contact 4.
  • the second end 2b forms a current supply range connected to that of the circuit breaker, and is mechanically fixed to the fixed contact 4 by any suitable means, such as a screw passing through aligned holes provided in the two aforementioned ends 2a, 2b of the coil 2, and screwing into the contact fixed arc 4.
  • the switch I further comprises a means M, interposed between the two aforementioned ends 2a, 2b of the coil 2, to divert part of the current from the supply range of current 2b, through coil 2, while the part complementary to the current passing through the two ends 2a, 2b and the two arcing contacts 4, 5 until the moment of switching off.
  • this means M is a resistive element 6, in the form of a washer, interposed between the two ends 2a, 2b of turn 2.
  • this means M is a magnetic circuit 7 arranged around a conductor 8 electrically connecting the two above mentioned ends 2a, 2b.
  • This magnetic circuit 7 will advantageously include one or several air gaps depending on the desired performance.
  • switch I of the invention will be briefly described below. successively in its two embodiments illustrated respectively in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • This vacuum interrupter I is particularly intended to ensure cutting in vacuum in axial field for a permanent current ranging from 630A to 3150A.
  • the current bypass occurs from the start of the current flow, during the cut, and this in a linear fashion. This derivation generates an axial magnetic field in the separation zone of the arcing contacts necessary for cutting.
  • this element 6 will advantageously be a washer made of a material of high resistivity (stainless steel or other).
  • the magnetic circuit 7 includes an air gap and will therefore remain practically inactive up to a certain intensity value. Until this value, the current bypass through coil 2 will be weak. From this value, the magnetic circuit 7 will activate, which will cause the derivation of a certain amount of current through coil 2, this bypass creating a sufficient axial magnetic field to obtain the cut.
  • this activation value of the circuit will advantageously be 8000A, value from which an axial magnetic field is necessary to obtain the break.
  • the turn 2 can remain of section small compared to the cross section of the conductor 9 through which the permanent current passes, unlike solutions in which the coil 2 is connected in series with the contacts arc 4, 5 and conducts almost all of the permanent current.
  • the section of coil 2 can therefore be reduced, all the more so in the event of a break, the passage time is short.
  • FIG 4 illustrates a third embodiment of the invention.
  • a vacuum interrupter 1 mainly comprising an insulating envelope of cylindrical shape closed by two metal bottoms 3b, 3c, and containing two contacts arc 4, 5 respectively fixed and movable extending coaxially inside said envelope.
  • the two contacts 4 and 5 have the same structure and are each constituted, as this is visible in Figure 5, by a conductive rod 10 and a conductive electrode 13 with a coil 12 and a bypass means 11 between the rod and the electrode.
  • this bypass means is an element resistive 11. But we could also consider interposing a means of derivation consisting of a magnetic circuit.
  • the invention will be advantageously applied to electrical switches belonging to areas ranging from low voltage to very high voltage.

Landscapes

  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Elektrischer Schalter, welcher dazu dient, die Abschaltung eines Stromkreises zu gewährleisten und gattungsgemäß eine längliche Vakuumschaltröhre mit einer durch zwei Böden verschlossenen zylindrischen Umhüllung und zwei darin angeordneten Lichtbogenkontakten, von denen einer als Festkontakt ausgeführt und an einem der genannten Böden befestigt ist, während der andere als bewegbarer Kontakt ausgeführt und in der Röhre axial verschiebbar gelagert ist, sowie mindestens eine Spule zur Erzeugung eines axialen Magnetfelds in der Lichtbogenzone umfaßt, welche Spule ein elektrisch mit einem der genannten Lichtbogenkontakte verbundenes erstes Ende sowie ein als Stromzuführungsanschluß ausgebildetes zweites Ende umfaßt,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden genannten Enden (2a, 2b) der Spule (2) elektrisch miteinander verbunden sind und daß ein Nebenschlußmittel (M) zwischen die beiden genannten Enden (2a, 2b) eingesetzt ist, um bei der Abschaltung einen Teil des Hauptstroms zur Erzeugung des axialen Magnetfelds in die Spule (2) umzuleiten, während der übrige Teil des Stroms über die beiden Enden der Spule sowie die beiden Lichtbogenkontakte (4, 5) fließt.
  2. Schalter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Enden (2a, 2b) der Spule (2) übereinander angeordnet sind.
  3. Schalter nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das genannte Nebenschlußmittel (M) ein Widerstandselement (6) umfaßt.
  4. Schalter nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das genannte Nebenschlußmittel (M) einen Magnetkreis (7) umfaßt.
  5. Schalter nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Widerstandselement (6) eine Widerstandsscheibe umfaßt, die die beiden genannten Enden (2a, 2b) der Spule (2) elektrisch miteinander verbindet.
  6. Schalter nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Magnetkreis (7) um einen Leiter (8) herum angeordnet ist, der die beiden genannten Enden (2a, 2b) der Spule (2) elektrisch miteinander verbindet.
  7. Schalter nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 4 und 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Magnetkreis (7) mindestens einen Luftspalt umfaßt, der dazu dient, die Verzweigung des Stroms so lange zu verzögern, bis der Hauptstrom einen bestimmten Wert erreicht hat.
  8. Schalter nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verzweigung des Stroms in die Spule (2) ab 8000 A erfolgt.
  9. Schalter nach irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Spule (2) aus einer Windung besteht, deren zwei Enden (2a, 2b) um ein bestimmtes Winkelmaß zueinander versetzt, parallel zu den Böden (3a, 3b) der Schaltröhre (1) angeordnet sind.
  10. Schalter nach irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das erste Ende (2a) der Spule (2) mechanisch und elektrisch mit dem feststehenden Lichtbogenkontakt (4) verbunden ist.
  11. Schalter nach irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das genannte Nebenschlußmittel (M) zwischen 10 und 60% des Stroms in die Spule (2) ableitet.
  12. Schalter nach irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Spule (2) und das Nebenschlußmittel (M) außerhalb der Vakuumschaltröhre (1) angeordnet sind.
  13. Schalter nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Spule (12) und das Nebenschlußmittel (M) innerhalb der Vakuumschaltröhre (1) angeordnet sind.
  14. Schalter nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Spule (12) und das Nebenschlußmittel (11) im Innern des Lichtbogenkontakts (4, 5), zwischen einer Leiterstange (10) und einer Elektrode (13) des genannten Kontakts angeordnet sind.
  15. Schalter nach irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jedem Kontakt (4, 5) eine Spule (12) und ein Nebenschlußmittel (11) zugeordnet und diese innerhalb der Vakuumschaltröhre (1) angeordnet sind.
EP95116884A 1994-10-31 1995-10-26 Elektrischer Vakuumschalter Expired - Lifetime EP0709867B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9413408A FR2726396B1 (fr) 1994-10-31 1994-10-31 Interrupteur electrique sous vide
FR9413408 1994-10-31

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0709867A1 EP0709867A1 (de) 1996-05-01
EP0709867B1 true EP0709867B1 (de) 2001-12-05

Family

ID=9468630

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95116884A Expired - Lifetime EP0709867B1 (de) 1994-10-31 1995-10-26 Elektrischer Vakuumschalter

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5861597A (de)
EP (1) EP0709867B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH08212881A (de)
CN (1) CN1075663C (de)
DE (1) DE69524363T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2167397T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2726396B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2745946B1 (fr) * 1996-03-08 1998-04-17 Schneider Electric Sa Interrupteur ou disjoncteur electrique sous vide
DE19809828C1 (de) * 1998-02-27 1999-07-08 Eckehard Dr Ing Gebauer Vakuumleistungsschalter für Niederspannung
JP2000268683A (ja) * 1999-01-14 2000-09-29 Toshiba Corp 開閉器の操作装置
NL1017985C2 (nl) * 2001-05-03 2002-11-05 Holec Holland Nv Vacuümonderbreker voorzien van een coaxiale spoel voor het opwekken van een axiaal magneetveld nabij de contactorganen van de onderbreker.
US7488916B2 (en) * 2005-11-14 2009-02-10 Cooper Technologies Company Vacuum switchgear assembly, system and method
US7772515B2 (en) * 2005-11-14 2010-08-10 Cooper Technologies Company Vacuum switchgear assembly and system
US8450630B2 (en) * 2007-06-05 2013-05-28 Cooper Technologies Company Contact backing for a vacuum interrupter
US7781694B2 (en) * 2007-06-05 2010-08-24 Cooper Technologies Company Vacuum fault interrupter
CN102280304B (zh) * 2011-06-17 2013-11-27 孟越峰 动触头组件及其应用动触头组件的电磁隔离驱动智能开关
CN105510815A (zh) * 2015-11-27 2016-04-20 平高集团有限公司 一种故障电弧试验装置
JP6861915B1 (ja) * 2020-06-17 2021-04-21 三菱電機株式会社 真空バルブ
CN113161192B (zh) * 2021-04-22 2023-01-20 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 一种磁场增强型的真空断路器
CN113327811A (zh) * 2021-04-22 2021-08-31 西安交通大学 一种振荡式直流断路器的灭弧室结构

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3366762A (en) * 1965-04-16 1968-01-30 Gen Electric Arc controlling electrodes for switches and gaps
FR1480001A (de) * 1965-05-28 1967-07-27
GB1163271A (en) * 1965-08-06 1969-09-04 English Electric Co Ltd Circuit Interrupters
NL162238C (nl) * 1976-02-19 1980-04-15 Hazemeijer Bv Vacuumschakelaar met coaxiale magneetspoel.
EP0055008B1 (de) * 1980-12-22 1985-12-11 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Vakuumschalter
US4717797A (en) * 1984-12-18 1988-01-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Contact arrangement for a vacuum switching tube
US4661666A (en) * 1985-05-28 1987-04-28 Kabushiki Kaisha Meidensha Vacuum interrupter
US4707577A (en) * 1986-04-05 1987-11-17 Kabushiki Kaisha Meidensha Vacuum interrupter
US4839481A (en) * 1988-02-16 1989-06-13 Cooper Industries, Inc. Vacuum interrupter
DE3823297A1 (de) * 1988-07-07 1989-05-11 Slamecka Ernst Vakuumschalter mit aeusserer axialmagnetfelderregungsvorrichtung
DE8904071U1 (de) * 1989-04-03 1990-08-02 AEG Sachsenwerk AG, 93055 Regensburg Vakuumschalter
FR2682808B1 (fr) * 1991-10-17 1997-01-24 Merlin Gerin Disjoncteur hybride a bobine de soufflage axial.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2726396A1 (fr) 1996-05-03
DE69524363D1 (de) 2002-01-17
CN1075663C (zh) 2001-11-28
DE69524363T2 (de) 2002-08-14
ES2167397T3 (es) 2002-05-16
CN1130797A (zh) 1996-09-11
EP0709867A1 (de) 1996-05-01
FR2726396B1 (fr) 1996-12-13
US5861597A (en) 1999-01-19
JPH08212881A (ja) 1996-08-20

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