Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
  • C11D1/146—Sulfuric acid esters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/28—Sulfonation products derived from fatty acids or their derivatives, e.g. esters, amides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/662—Carbohydrates or derivatives

Definitions

• the present invention relates to concentrated surfactant mixtures of alkyl glycosides, sulfofatty acid salts and alkyl sulfates as stable, easily pourable, pumpable liquids and their use as premixes (compounds) for the production of liquid detergents and cleaners.
• alkyl glycosides with long-chain alkyl groups belong to the nonionic surfactants.
• the skilled person also knows, as for example in A.. Schwartz, J.W. Perry, Surface Active Agents, Vol. I, Interscience Publishers, 1949, page 372, described that surfactant mixtures generally have synergistic effects and often have better cleaning properties than would result from the sum of the values of the individual components.
• Detergents which contain alkyl glycosides in combination with at least one conventional anionic surfactant are described in European patent application EP 70074. Detergents which contain alkyl glycosides and anionic surfactants are also known from European patent application EP 92 877. Furthermore, liquid detergents are known from European patent application EP 105556, which contain alkyl glycosides, certain other nonionic surfactants and anionic surfactants. From the international patent application WO 86/2943, alkyl detergent-containing liquid detergents are known which contain conventional anionic surfactants.
• the individual components are generally used as flowable solutions, each of which contains a substance or which, as premixes, so-called compounds, consist of several substances which are customary in the finished compositions.
• the components provided for the mixture to give the finished composition should have the highest possible active substance and at the same time be easy to handle, that is to say they should be as flowable and easy to pump as possible and have the highest possible storage stability.
• Alkyl glycosides are usually obtained as highly viscous pastes. The object of the present invention was to develop a liquid, flowable, pumpable and storage-stable surfactant mixture from an alkyl glycoside paste.
• This object is achieved by an aqueous mixture of certain amounts of alkyl glycoside, sulfofatty acid salt and alkyl sulfate.
• the compounds according to the invention are aqueous neutral or basic mixtures which essentially consist of an alkyl glycoside and 2 different synthetic anionic surfactants, a sulfofatty acid salt and an alkyl sulfate, the alkyl glycoside having the formula I,
• R 1 is an alkyl radical with 8 to 22 C atoms
• G is a glycose unit and n is a number between 1 and 10
• the sulfofatty acid salt is a mixture of compounds of the formula II
• A is SO3X and B is OH or A is OH and B is S ⁇ 3X
• X is an alkali or ammonium ion
• 1 is a number greater than 0, m 0, 1 or 2
• p is a number greater than 0 and the sum of 1, m and p is 8 to 20, with unsaturated compounds resulting from such compounds by formal elimination of a molar equivalent of water
• the alkyl sulfate has the formula III
• R2 is an alkyl radical having 8 to 22 carbon atoms and Y is an alkali metal or ammonium ion, and the compounds being 30 to 50% by weight of water, 10 to 30% by weight, preferably 17 to 25% by weight of the alkyl glycoside, 1 to 20% by weight, preferably 3 to 15% by weight of the sulfofatty acid acid and 10 to 20% by weight, preferably 12 to 18% by weight, of the alkyl sulfate.
• the alkyl glycosides suitable for the surfactant mixtures according to the invention and their preparation are described, for example, in European Patent Applications EP 92355, EP 301 298, EP 357 969 and EP 362 671 or the US Pat. No. 3547828.
• glycoside components ((G) n in formula I) of such alkyl glycosides are oligomers or polymers from naturally occurring aldose or ketose monomers, in particular glucose, mannose, fructose, galactose, talose, gulose, old rose , Allose, Idose, Ribose, Arabinose, Xylose and Lyxose.
• the oligomers consisting of such glycosidically linked monomers are characterized not only by the type of sugar they contain, but also by their number, the so-called degree of oligomerization.
• the degree of oligomerization (n in formula I) generally assumes fractional numerical values as the quantity to be determined analytically; it is between 1 and 10, for the alkyl glycosides preferably used below 1.5, in particular between 1.2 and 1.4.
• the preferred monomer building block is glucose because of its good availability.
• the alkyl part (R 1 in formula I) of the alkyl glycosides contained in the surfactant mixtures according to the invention preferably also originates from easily accessible derivatives of renewable raw materials, in particular from fatty alcohols, although branched-chain primary alcohols, in particular so-called oxo alcohols, for example nonyl, undecyl or tridecyl - Alcohols, can be used for the production of usable alkyl glycosides.
• the primary alcohols with linear octyl, decyl, dodecyl, tetradecyl, hexadecyl or octadecyl radicals and their are particularly useful.
• the alkyl glycosides can contain small amounts, for example 1 to 2%, of unconverted long-chain alcohol, which does not have a disadvantageous effect on the properties of the surfactant mixtures produced therewith.
• the sulfofatty acid salts suitable for incorporation into the compounds according to the invention are neutralized derivatives of a double bond containing fatty acids. These include in particular the sulfonation products of lauroleic acid, myristoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, gadoleic acid and erucic acid.
• Such sulfofatty acid salts are obtained by reacting the unsaturated fatty acids with a sulfonating agent, in particular sulfur trioxide, and subsequent neutralization and hydrolysis with customary bases, which include, in particular, the aqueous solutions of alkali and ammonium hydroxides by known processes, as described, for example, in British Patent GB 1278 421 or European Patent Application EP 371 369.
• a sulfonating agent in particular sulfur trioxide
• customary bases which include, in particular, the aqueous solutions of alkali and ammonium hydroxides by known processes, as described, for example, in British Patent GB 1278 421 or European Patent Application EP 371 369.
• customary bases which include, in particular, the aqueous solutions of alkali and ammonium hydroxides by known processes, as described, for example, in British Patent GB 1278 421 or European Patent Application EP 371 369.
• Suitable sulfates for use in the surfactant mixtures according to the invention are the sulfation products of the abovementioned alcohols.
• the derivatives of fatty alcohols with 8 to 22 C atoms, in particular with 12 to 16 C atoms, are also particularly suitable in this case.
• the alkyl sulfates can be prepared in a known manner by reaction of the corresponding alcohol component with a customary sulfating reagent, in particular sulfur trioxide or chlorosulfonic acid, and subsequent neutralization, preferably with alkali, ammonium or alkyl or hydroxyalkyl-substituted ammonium bases.
• the surfactant mixtures according to the invention are prepared by simply mixing the three individual components, which are present as such or preferably in aqueous solution.
• the mixtures according to the invention are notable for their low viscosities, their ponds, flowability and pumpability and their high storage stability.
• the viscosity of the compounds is generally 300 Pa.s to 15000 mPa.s.
• the compounds according to the invention can be used, directly or after dilution with water, for technical applications, for example as flotation aids or drilling fluids. However, they are preferably used as premixes for the production of liquid detergents and cleaning agents, which include, in particular, mild detergents, wool detergents and dishwashing detergents, but also shampoos. Such agents can be prepared in a simple manner by diluting the compounds with water to the desired active substance concentration.
• builder substances such as zeolites and layered silicates, corrosion inhibitors, bleaching agents, bleach activators, optical brighteners, enzymes, graying inhibitors, antimicrobial active ingredients, water-miscible solvents, abrasives, Foam stabilizers, preservatives, pH regulators, dyes and fragrances as well as additional surfactants are possible.
• the surfactant mixtures M1 to M3 according to the invention characterized in Table 1 by their composition and the compositions VI to V3 used in comparative tests were prepared.
• the surfactant mixtures M1 to M3 according to the invention had pH values (10% by weight aqueous solution) from 9.4 to 9.6 and the viscosities given in Table 2.
• Mixture V3 was a solid, tough gel both at room temperature and at 1 ° C., the viscosity of which could not be determined.
• Samples of the mixtures M1 to M3 according to the invention were stored for 60 days at 1 ° C., 10 ° C. or 40 ° C. without a decisive change in the consistency (deposition of crystals or the appearance of several liquid phases) being observed.
• Ci2-14-alkyl glucoside degree of oligomerization 1.4
• B disodium salt of sulfo oleic acid
• C Na-Ci2 / 14-alkyl sulfate (Texapon ( R ) LS, manufacturer Henkel)
• Table 2 Viscosities (20 ° C, ball drop viscosity according to Höppler)

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

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• 1990
  • 1990-06-21 DE DE4019790A patent/DE4019790A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1991
  • 1991-06-13 CA CA002086003A patent/CA2086003A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1991-06-13 KR KR1019920703295A patent/KR930701580A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1991-06-13 JP JP91510333A patent/JPH05507951A/ja active Pending
  • 1991-06-13 EP EP91911245A patent/EP0535061A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1991-06-13 WO PCT/EP1991/001104 patent/WO1991019777A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1991-06-20 CN CN91104171A patent/CN1057406A/zh active Pending

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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