EP0519359B1 - Tissus pour vêtement protecteur - Google Patents

Tissus pour vêtement protecteur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0519359B1
EP0519359B1 EP19920110000 EP92110000A EP0519359B1 EP 0519359 B1 EP0519359 B1 EP 0519359B1 EP 19920110000 EP19920110000 EP 19920110000 EP 92110000 A EP92110000 A EP 92110000A EP 0519359 B1 EP0519359 B1 EP 0519359B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
planar structure
yarns
fibers
textile planar
textile
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EP19920110000
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0519359A1 (fr
Inventor
Achim Gustav Dr. Fels
Georg Karl Brustmann
Dieter Hans Peter Dr. Schuster
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Akzo Nobel NV
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Akzo Nobel NV
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
    • D02G3/442—Cut or abrasion resistant yarns or threads
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/911—Penetration resistant layer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2929—Bicomponent, conjugate, composite or collateral fibers or filaments [i.e., coextruded sheath-core or side-by-side type]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
    • Y10T428/2936—Wound or wrapped core or coating [i.e., spiral or helical]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3065—Including strand which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/3073—Strand material is core-spun [not sheath-core bicomponent strand]
    • Y10T442/3081—Core is synthetic polymeric material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3472—Woven fabric including an additional woven fabric layer
    • Y10T442/3504—Woven fabric layers comprise chemically different strand material
    • Y10T442/3512—Three or more fabric layers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3976—Including strand which is stated to have specific attributes [e.g., heat or fire resistance, chemical or solvent resistance, high absorption for aqueous composition, water solubility, heat shrinkability, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/40—Knit fabric [i.e., knit strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/425—Including strand which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/438—Strand material formed of individual filaments having different chemical compositions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/40—Knit fabric [i.e., knit strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/45—Knit fabric is characterized by a particular or differential knit pattern other than open knit fabric or a fabric in which the strand denier is specified
    • Y10T442/456—Including additional strand inserted within knit fabric
    • Y10T442/463—Warp knit insert strand
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/659—Including an additional nonwoven fabric
    • Y10T442/668—Separate nonwoven fabric layers comprise chemically different strand or fiber material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/696—Including strand or fiber material which is stated to have specific attributes [e.g., heat or fire resistance, chemical or solvent resistance, high absorption for aqueous compositions, water solubility, heat shrinkability, etc.]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a textile fabric for the production of protective clothing, in particular clothing for stab, cut, splinter and projectile protection.
  • a textile fabric made of wound yarns is known from FR-A 2 628 759.
  • Aramid fibers have proven themselves very well for the use of protective clothing, especially for protection against stab, cut, splinter or projectile injuries.
  • the World Fencing Federation has prescribed the use of fencing vests made of aramid fibers in order to avoid the serious injuries that occur repeatedly when practicing this sport (High Performance Textiles, Volume 8, No. 3, p. 14).
  • Protective clothing made from aramid fibers has proven to be extremely reliable in preventing injuries, particularly in body protection against gunshot and splinter injuries during military, police and disaster operations.
  • Aramid fibers have some disadvantages when used in protective clothing.
  • the yellow inherent color of the aramid fibers has a disruptive effect in many areas of application. It is possible to dye these fibers with restrictions However, it does not always help to cover the intrinsic color of the aramid fibers.
  • the intrinsic color of the aramid fibers is particularly noticeable in articles that have to be produced in white, as there are no known options for bleaching and optically brightening these fibers.
  • protective clothing is usually made from aramide fibers in such a way that the protective fabric made from aramid fibers is covered with an outer material made from fibers which can be easily colored, printed or optically brightened, in order to achieve an aesthetic appearance of the clothing.
  • the protective layer made of aramid fibers is provided with an outer fabric made of a fabric made from polyester-cotton yarns (High Performance Textiles, Volume 8, No. 3, p. 14).
  • This cover layer in the form of an outer fabric over the actual protective layers fulfills further tasks, namely the protection of the aramid fiber against damage by light radiation.
  • the aramid fiber suffers a loss of strength when exposed to intense light.
  • the use of an outer fabric made of, for example, natural fibers increases the comfort of protective clothing.
  • the use of wound yarns for the production of the textile fabrics according to the invention enables a much gentler processing of yarns made of aramid fibers and thus a lower loss of strength compared to the previous method. After all, that too Usability of the protective vests made from the textile fabrics according to the invention is significantly increased.
  • FR-A 2 628 759 describes a fabric that has an elastic yarn in the warp and a sheathed yarn with a core made of a polyamide monofilament in the weft.
  • the sheathing serves to stabilize the structure or to make the warp yarns less displaceable than the weft yarns.
  • the tissue is intended for medical use. The possibility of producing flat structures that are to be used for stitch, cut, splinter and projectile protective clothing using wound yarns is not mentioned here.
  • EP-A 0 310 201 describes the combination of two different types of fibers in one yarn.
  • One of the two types of fibers should have a low coefficient of friction, the other a high coefficient of friction.
  • Fibers based on polyolefins, polyvinyl alcohol, aliphatic polyamides and polyesters are suitable for the former; the latter are preferably elastomer fibers.
  • Most of the types of fibers specified here are completely unsuitable for the production of protective clothing for stab, cut, splinter and projectile protection, since they do not provide any penetration resistance against puncturing or cutting devices or against bullets and splinters. In addition, this document does not teach how such clothing must be designed to ensure the protection sought.
  • the production of wound yarns for further processing to the textile fabrics according to the invention is not intended to be restricted to the DREF 3 process. Any other method with which yarns with the same properties can be achieved is equally suitable for the production of yarns for further processing into the textile fabrics according to the invention.
  • a further disadvantage of yarns which have been produced by the DREF 2 process is noticeable during the further processing into the textile fabrics according to the invention in a layer structure which is poorer than yarns of the DREF 3 process.
  • the core and sheath layers are not as clearly separated in the case of yarns which have been produced by the DREF 2 process as in the case of yarns from the DREF 3 process, that is to say the core and sheath layers run in the case of DREF 2 - Yarns interlock more than with DREF 3 yarns.
  • This disadvantage of the DREF 2 process is particularly noticeable in areas of application where very good protection of the core substance against light radiation is required.
  • the core substance of the yarns that are used for the production of the textile fabrics according to the invention consists of aramid fibers. These fibers, often also referred to as aromatic polyamide fibers, are generally known in the textile industry under brand names such as Twaron. According to the definition by BISFA (Bureau International pour la Standardisation de la Rayonne et de Fibers Synthors) Fiber polymers which have at least 85% amide or imide bonds between two aromatic ring compounds and in which the number of imide bonds is less than the number of amide bonds. They have proven themselves very well, especially when used for clothing that is intended to protect against stab, cut, splinter or projectile injuries.
  • the fibers for the core substance can be used both as filament yarns and as spun yarns. Which of the two forms is chosen depends on the desired yarn properties. In the manufacture of yarns for further processing into protective clothing, filament yarns are preferred as the core substance, since filament yarns can achieve higher strength values than spun fiber yarns.
  • the filament and yarn titer for the core material.
  • the selection of the yarn titer depends on the article to be manufactured. Finer titers are preferred to coarser ones.
  • the filament yarns in the core can be used twisted or untwisted. Untwisted yarns are preferred because the core yarn is rotated anyway when spinning using the DREF 3 process.
  • Spun fibers are used to form the shell substance. This can be natural or chemical fibers or their mixtures.
  • synthetic fibers such as polyester, polyamide or polyacrylonitrile fibers.
  • synthetic fibers such as polyester, polyamide or polyacrylonitrile fibers.
  • synthetic fibers such as polyester, polyamide or polyacrylonitrile fibers.
  • a known mixture that is used very frequently in other articles is e.g. the combination of 50% cotton and 50% polyester staple fibers.
  • wool alone or in a mixture with viscose or synthetic staple fibers, can also be used.
  • the fiber to be used for this is placed in the form of a draw frame with a belt weight of 2-3 g / m of the spinning apparatus.
  • This conveyor belt is produced with the help of machines that are common in the three-cylinder spinning mill.
  • cotton it is advisable to use combed cotton.
  • Fiber blends can be produced using the blending processes customary in spinning technology.
  • the so-called flake mixture is expedient, but it is also possible to mix the conveyor belt, with several stretching passages having to be carried out in the interest of a homogeneous distribution of the mixture partners.
  • Fibers with a staple length of 30-60 mm are particularly suitable for spinning using the DREF 3 process. Such fibers are offered in a variety of forms by man-made fiber manufacturers. When using cotton is it is also possible to use fibers with shorter staple lengths without any problems.
  • wool is used to form the coat, it is processed on the machines of the three-cylinder spinning mill. For wool tapes that are produced on this range of machines, the term short-crest pull has become established. If wool is used in a mixture with a chemical staple fiber, the fiber length of the mixing partner is selected accordingly. Chemical staple fibers with a stack length of 60 mm have proven themselves well in this area.
  • the core made of aramid fibers with a double jacket.
  • An inner jacket made of polyester fibers and an outer jacket made of cotton or viscose staple fiber are particularly suitable for this.
  • This double sheath substance is produced by running a drawstring made of, for example, polyester staple fibers into the spinning unit together with the aramid yarn provided for the core, and forming the outer sheath with cotton or viscose staple fiber in the manner customary in the DREF 3 process.
  • FIG. 1 the production of wound yarns with a double jacket is shown schematically.
  • An aramid filament yarn 2 is drawn off from a bobbin 1 and fed to the spinning apparatus 6.
  • a drawstring 3, which consists for example of polyester staple fibers, is drawn off from a can, not shown, stretched on the drafting device 4 and in front of the pinch rollers 5 with the aramid filament yarn 2 merged.
  • the yarn passes through the spinning apparatus 6, which consists of the perforated drums 7 and 7a. Both drums contain suction inserts, not shown.
  • the fibers of the drawstring 3 lay here as a result of the false twist that arises in the gusset area above the suction drums around the aramid filament yarn 2 and thus form the inner jacket.
  • the stretch belts 8a-8e which consist for example of cotton, are fed from the cans (not shown) to the opening rollers 9 and 9a and dissolved into individual fibers.
  • the number of belts fed to the opening rollers can be varied as desired.
  • the 5 bands mentioned here are only to be understood as an example.
  • the dissolved fibers are sucked in by the perforated drums 7 and 7a and are placed here as an outer jacket around the aramid filament yarn 2 already spun with the fibers from the drawstring 3.
  • the yarn 10 leaving the spinning apparatus is fed to the take-off unit 11.
  • the false twist triggered by the clamping here results in the sheath fibers being fixed. Conversely, these fibers fix the false twist generated on the core yarn. In this way, the yarn 12 wound with a double jacket is produced.
  • FIG. 2 shows the cross section of the yarn 12 produced on the apparatus described.
  • an inner jacket 14 which in this example consists of polyester spun fibers and an outer jacket 15, in this example made of cotton, placed.
  • the invention is not limited to the polyester staple fibers mentioned here for the inner jacket and to cotton for the outer jacket.
  • the choice of fiber material for the Both sheath layers are determined by the properties desired for the yarn. If, for example, good light protection of the aramid yarn core is desired, it is expedient to use polyester staple fibers for the inner jacket, since these have good light absorption. Polyester fibers with appropriate additives are particularly suitable. Matted polyester staple fibers have also proven to be very suitable. These usually contain titanium dioxide, which is particularly absorbent in the UV range. In the same way, however, other fibers with similar properties can be used.
  • the main criteria for choosing the fibers to form the outer jacket are comfort and easy dyeing, printing or optically brightening.
  • cotton or viscose staple fibers or their blends are very useful here, but blends of cotton or viscose staple fibers with synthetic staple fibers can also be used here. Even when using viscose staple fibers, matt types that contain spun-in titanium dioxide are preferred.
  • the cladding layer is formed from a fiber dyed in a dark shade.
  • the spun yarns with a core of aramid fibers and a single or double jacket made of fibers that can be easily colored, printed or optically lightened are further processed into textile fabrics.
  • Textile fabrics are to be understood as meaning fabrics, knitted fabrics, knitted fabrics, sewing agents, laid scrims, etc. Which method is used to manufacture textile fabrics from wound yarns depends on a number from various points of view, from which the desired properties of the protective vests to be produced from the textile fabrics are of particular importance. For example, it has proven expedient to provide knitwear such as knitted fabrics or knitted fabrics instead of fabrics if a special elasticity of the vest to be produced from the textile fabrics is required. Threaded fabrics have proven to be particularly inexpensive because of the low manufacturing costs and the gentle processing of yarns made from aramid fibers. However, the latter advantage cannot be given increased importance when using wound yarns.
  • the number of threads to be selected depends on the titer of the thread used and on the type of protective clothing to be manufactured.
  • the yarns are used in a titer range of 200 - 4000 dtex.
  • a yarn titer From about 850 dtex a thread count of 9-12 threads / cm is selected. With a titer of approx. 1300 dtex the thread count is 7-10 / cm and with a titer of approx. 1700 dtex 6-9 / cm. This information refers to fabrics that are made in plain weave.
  • the plain weave has proven to be useful, but other weaves, for which the twill weave and the Panama weave are mentioned, can also be used.
  • the textile fabrics according to the invention can be dyed, printed or optically lightened using the methods customary in textile finishing.
  • the color white is common for fencing vests.
  • the fibers used for the sheath have to be bleached and optically brightened. It is advisable to bleach the sheath fiber before spinning in the flake.
  • Piece bleaching is also possible, however, due to the oxidizing agents almost always used for bleaching, damage to the aramid core must be accepted during piece bleaching.
  • Treatment of the textile fabrics according to the invention with optical brighteners presents no problems.
  • This treatment can, for example, after bleaching the Cotton, in the flake, but also optically brightening the piece goods is possible.
  • the processes suitable for this are known in the textile finishing industry.
  • the choice of a suitable product and the treatment conditions depend on the fibers or fiber mixtures selected for the sheath substance.
  • Clothing for splinter, bullet or cut protection is either dyed or printed.
  • the latter is particularly common in military applications.
  • the processes to be used in the textile finishing industry are also well known for dyeing and printing the textile fabrics according to the invention.
  • the selection of the dyes and the treatment methods depends on the type of fiber or fiber mixture used for the covering of the wound yarns as well as on the desired fastness properties and any other desired properties, such as Camouflage colors for protective clothing in the military area. Dyeing in dark shades is particularly favorable with regard to protecting the aramid core against damage from light radiation.
  • Whether the dyeing is limited to the sheath layer or whether the aramid core yarn is also dyed depends on the desired effect and the yarn construction.
  • Aramid fibers have an inherent yellow color. If a yarn with a simple sheath is used, the yellow color of the core material may shine through in some yarn constructions. In some areas of application, this can be disruptive. In such cases it is possible to dye the aramid core yarn with disperse dyes.
  • the high-temperature process known in the textile finishing industry under the abbreviation HT process, with dyeing temperatures up to 135 ° C in is suitable for this same as the dyeing process with carriers. Both methods are well known in dyeing technology.
  • the textile fabrics according to the invention are processed in one or more layers.
  • single-layer processing there is a particular advantage of the textile fabrics according to the invention, since sewing with an upper and possibly a lower material can be omitted, which, in addition to simpler disposition of the materials to be kept in stock, also has a very cost-effective effect during the assembly process.
  • Fencing vests, which are produced from the textile fabrics according to the invention also show considerable advantages over the conventional fencing vests in terms of wearing comfort, which is particularly true for the single-layer processing of the textile fabrics manufactured according to the invention.
  • a fencing vest made without the use of an outer or lower fabric fits snugly on the athlete's body and thus offers optimal freedom of movement.
  • Protective vests for bullet and splinter protection must be built up in several layers.
  • the conventional way of working is to sew together several layers of fabrics made of aramid fibers. This package of several of these fabrics is placed in a cover made of coated fabric, for example cotton. An upper and lower fabric made of colored or printed cotton is placed over the wrapped package formed in this way and the vest is made up in such a way that the package can be removed for cleaning the outer shell.
  • the textile fabric according to the invention is used for the covering laid around the aramid fiber fabric. Compared to the previously used coated fabrics, this has the essential advantage that the loss of antiballistic effect caused by the coating does not take place here.
  • the textile fabric according to the invention can also be used for the upper and lower fabric. In addition to the simpler disposition option for the materials to be kept in stock, this offers the advantage that, in comparison to the cotton fabric previously used for this purpose, with the textile fabric according to the invention a higher ballistic protective effect of the vests and moreover a better strength can be achieved.
  • Aramid fibers or layers of metal mesh are used in the actual cut protection package.
  • the shell of these packages and the upper and lower fabrics the same applies to protective clothing for bullet and splinter protection.
  • the actual cut protection layers can consist of the textile fabrics according to the invention.
  • the use of the textile fabrics according to the invention for clothing for stab, cut, projectile and splinter protection thus offers considerable advantages with regard to easier disposition in the materials to be used for this purpose, since the storage of the required articles can be significantly reduced.
  • it is possible to achieve significantly better usage properties of the protective clothing by means of a substantially lower loss of strength in the manufacture of the textile fabrics and by the replacement of cotton fabric with less strength by the textile fabrics according to the invention.
  • the wearing comfort is significantly improved compared to the protective clothing previously used.
  • This example describes the use of the textile fabrics according to the invention for the production of fencing vests.
  • a filament yarn made of aramid fibers with a titer of 840 dtex was spun on a DREF 3 spinning apparatus with a double jacket.
  • the inner sheath was covered with a polyester fiber with an optical brightener educated.
  • the polyester fiber had a titer of 1.7 dtex and a fiber length of 32 mm.
  • the polyester fiber was used as a draw frame and was fed to the spinning system as described in FIG. 1.
  • the outer coat was made of cotton.
  • the cotton was previously bleached with sodium chlorite and optically brightened.
  • the cotton treated in the flake was provided with a finishing agent in order to facilitate the formation of a conveyor belt and the processing on the DREF 3 spinning system.
  • the products to be used for this are known in the textile finishing industry.
  • Spinning gave a yarn consisting of 40% aramid fiber, 30% polyester fiber and 30% cotton.
  • the yarn thus obtained was processed into a woven fabric in twill 1/3 weave.
  • the number of threads in the warp was 13 / cm, in the weft 12 / cm.
  • a basis weight of 510 g / m was achieved.
  • Example 1 was repeated using a viscose staple fiber with a titer of 1.7 dtex and a fiber length of 40 mm instead of cotton to form the outer jacket.
  • the viscose staple fiber was a bright white type, so that that described in Example 1 Bleaching and optically whitening in the flake was not necessary.
  • the fabric was produced in the same manner as in Example 1. An average value of 830 N was determined when testing the puncture force.
  • Examples 3a and 3b show the influence of the fabric density set by the number of threads in warp and weft or the related basis weight on the penetration force of fabrics for fencing vests.
  • a fabric was made from the yarn described in Example 1 in plain weave with a thread count of 8 / cm in the warp and 7 / cm in the weft. The fabric showed a weight of 320 g / m. The average value of the puncture force was 710 N.
  • a fabric was made from the yarn described in Example 1 in cross twill 2/2 weave with a thread count of 9 / cm in warp and weft. The fabric showed a weight of 380 g / m. The average value of the puncture force was 690 N.
  • This example describes the use of the textile fabrics according to the invention for the production of shatterproof vests.
  • a filament yarn made of aramid fibers with a titer of 840 dtex was spun on a DREF 3 spinning apparatus with a double jacket.
  • the inner jacket was made of a polyester fiber. This had a titer of 1.7 dtex and a fiber length of 32 mm.
  • the polyester fiber was used as a draw frame and was fed to the spinning system as described in FIG. 1.
  • the outer coat was made of cotton. Cotton was also used as a conveyor belt. According to the description of FIG. 1, it was fed to the DREF 3 spinning system.
  • Spinning gave a yarn consisting of 40% aramid fiber, 30% polyester fiber and 30% cotton.
  • the yarn thus obtained was made into a woven fabric in plain weave.
  • the number of threads in warp and weft was 7 / cm each.
  • the fabric was produced on a rapier weaving machine.
  • the tissue obtained was dyed dark green. Vat dyes were used for the outer layer of cotton and disperse dyes for the inner layer of polyester. By dyeing at 135 ° C, the disperse dyes used also stained the aramid core, the depth of which was, however, significantly lighter than that of the polyester inner jacket.
  • the fabrics produced in this way were further processed into a shatterproof vest, these fabrics for the outer and lining layers instead of conventional cotton fabrics were used.
  • a vest was made that consisted of 14 layers of conventional aramid fabrics, each weighing 190 g / m.
  • the fabrics produced according to the invention with a weight of 283 g / m formed an additional outer or inner layer.
  • This vest was subjected to a shattered fire under the conditions of STANAG 2920.
  • the bombardment was carried out with 1.1 g fragments.
  • a V50 value of 476 m / sec was achieved when the dry package was bombarded. This value means that there is a 50% probability of penetration at this speed.
  • the corresponding value was 456 m / sec.
  • the vest is stored in water in an upright position for one hour before being bombarded and subjected to the bombardment test after a draining time of 3 minutes.
  • the comparison material consisted of a vest which was also made up of 14 layers of aramid fabric, each weighing 190 g / m.
  • the upper and lower fabric consisted of a cotton fabric with a weight of 272 g / m. With this vest, the V50 value was 455 m / sec when bombarded in the dry state and 428 m / sec when bombarded in the wet state.
  • the fabric from Example 4 was used to manufacture a bullet-resistant vest.
  • 20 layers of aramid fabric with a weight of 280 g / m were used.
  • the fabric produced according to the invention formed two additional layers on both the outside and the inside. These layers served on the one hand as a cover for the so-called ballistic package, and on the other hand as an upper and lower fabric.
  • This vest had a total of 24 layers: from the outside in, the vest consisted of the following layers: 2 layers of the fabric according to the invention, 20 layers of aramid fabric, 2 layers of the fabric according to the invention.
  • the test of the vest which was produced on a trial basis, was carried out in comparison to a vest which consisted of 24 layers of aramid fabric with a weight of 280 g / m and a layer of coated polyester fabric on the outside and inside of the ballistic package and as top or Cotton fabric had under fabric. So this vest had a total of 28 layers. From the outside in, the vest consisted of the following layers: outer fabric made of cotton fabric, coated polyester fabric, 24 layers of aramid fabric, coated polyester fabric, lining made of cotton fabric.
  • the bullet test was carried out according to the NIJ standard. In both cases, the projectile used for bombardment did not pass through the protective vest.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Produit textile plat composé de filés dont le titre est compris entre 200 et 4000 dtex et destiné à la fabrication de vêtements de protection, notamment de vêtements de protection contre les perforations, les coupures, les éclats et les projectiles, caractérisé par le fait que le produit textile plat pour des vêtements de protection dotés d'une résistance à la pénétration supérieure à 800 N et/ou des vêtements de protection comportant plusieurs couches dudit produit textile, est formé, dans toutes les directions du fil, de filés guipés avec une âme formée de filés de filaments ou de fibres aramides et une enveloppe simple ou double en fibres naturelles et/ou chimiques pouvant être facilement colorée, imprimée ou traitée avec des agents d'azurage optique.
  2. Produit textile plat selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que l'enveloppe simple ou double du filé guipé est en coton, en laine, en fibres de viscose, en fibres de polyester, en fibres de polyamide ou en fibres de poly (acrylonitriles) ou en des mélanges de deux de ces fibres ou plus.
  3. Produit textile plat selon au moins une des revendications 1-2, caractérisé par le fait que le filé guipé présente une enveloppe double formée d'une enveloppe (14) intérieure et d'une enveloppe (15) extérieure et par le fait que les deux couches de l'enveloppe sont constituées de fibres différentes.
  4. Produit textile plat selon au moins une des revendications 1-2, caractérisé par le fait que le filé guipé présente une enveloppe double formée d'une enveloppe (14) intérieure et d'une enveloppe (15) extérieure et par le fait que les deux couches de l'enveloppe sont constituées de fibres de même type.
  5. Produit textile plat selon au moins une des revendications 1-2, caractérisé par le fait que le filé comporte une âme (13) en filé de fibres aramides, une enveloppe (14) intérieure en fibres de polyester et une enveloppe (15) extérieure en coton et/ou en fibres de viscose.
  6. Gilet d'escrime fabriqué à partir du produit textile plat selon au moins une des revendications 1-5.
  7. Vêtement de protection contre les perforations fabriqué à partir du produit textile plat selon au moins une des revendications 1-5.
  8. Vêtement de protection contre les coupures fabriqué à partir du produit textile plat selon au moins une des revendications 1-5.
  9. Vêtement de protection contre les éclats fabriqué à partir du produit textile plat selon au moins une des revendications 1-5.
  10. Vêtement pare-balles fabriqué à partir du produit textile plat selon au moins une des revendications 1-5.
EP19920110000 1991-06-21 1992-06-13 Tissus pour vêtement protecteur Expired - Lifetime EP0519359B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4120454 1991-06-21
DE4120454 1991-06-21
DE4216657 1992-05-20
DE4216657 1992-05-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0519359A1 EP0519359A1 (fr) 1992-12-23
EP0519359B1 true EP0519359B1 (fr) 1996-02-21

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EP (1) EP0519359B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59205376D1 (fr)

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US5514457A (en) 1996-05-07
EP0519359A1 (fr) 1992-12-23
DE59205376D1 (de) 1996-03-28

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