EP0513403A1 - Interrupteur à décharge dans un gaz - Google Patents

Interrupteur à décharge dans un gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0513403A1
EP0513403A1 EP91106733A EP91106733A EP0513403A1 EP 0513403 A1 EP0513403 A1 EP 0513403A1 EP 91106733 A EP91106733 A EP 91106733A EP 91106733 A EP91106733 A EP 91106733A EP 0513403 A1 EP0513403 A1 EP 0513403A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas discharge
electrode
low
opening
discharge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP91106733A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
David Walter Dr. Branston
Jan Stroh
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP91106733A priority Critical patent/EP0513403A1/fr
Priority to DE9117007U priority patent/DE9117007U1/de
Priority to JP4130122A priority patent/JPH05198264A/ja
Priority to US07/871,989 priority patent/US5189346A/en
Publication of EP0513403A1 publication Critical patent/EP0513403A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T2/00—Spark gaps comprising auxiliary triggering means
    • H01T2/02—Spark gaps comprising auxiliary triggering means comprising a trigger electrode or an auxiliary spark gap
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J17/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with solid cathode
    • H01J17/02—Details
    • H01J17/04—Electrodes; Screens
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J17/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with solid cathode
    • H01J17/38—Cold-cathode tubes
    • H01J17/40—Cold-cathode tubes with one cathode and one anode, e.g. glow tubes, tuning-indicator glow tubes, voltage-stabiliser tubes, voltage-indicator tubes
    • H01J17/44—Cold-cathode tubes with one cathode and one anode, e.g. glow tubes, tuning-indicator glow tubes, voltage-stabiliser tubes, voltage-indicator tubes having one or more control electrodes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gas discharge switch that contains at least two main electrodes for a low-pressure gas discharge, which are arranged in a switching chamber and form a cathode and an anode of a discharge path for the low-pressure gas discharge with the length d.
  • the switching chamber contains an ionizable gas filling, the pressure p of which is selected so that the ignition voltage of the gas discharge decreases with increasing product pxd.
  • the ignition voltage for a given gas discharge path and its usual graphical representation as a function of the product of gas pressure p and electrode spacing d in the ignition characteristic curve are known to be an important aid for identifying electrical discharge devices, taking into account the probability of ignition.
  • the infinitely large plate capacitor and its ignition characteristic are generally used for comparison.
  • the practical embodiment of such discharge paths has electrodes with finite dimensions.
  • Such detour discharges can be avoided by an electrode construction with flat plate electrodes that are coaxial arranged to each other and bent at their edges with a small radius of curvature relative to the distance between the electrodes and are guided along the inner cylindrical insulator surface. A gap is thus always formed between the bent, cylindrical edge region of the electrodes and the inner wall of the hollow cylindrical insulator.
  • the ignition characteristic curve can also be determined, for example, for various noble and molecular gases in the near-breakdown area, ie to the left of the minimum of the Paschen curve (Proc. VII th Int. Conf. Phenom. In Ionized Gases, Beograd 1965, Vol. l, pp. 316 to 326).
  • Gas discharge switches are also known which are controlled by a pulsed low pressure gas discharge. For example, they switch currents of 10 kA at a voltage of 20 kV.
  • the discharge switch contains an anode and a cathode, which are provided with coaxial openings and are separated from one another at the edge by an annular insulator.
  • a control device is provided for the gas discharge, which contains a hollow electrode designed as a cage, which is connected to the cathode in an electrically conductive manner and is therefore at the cathode potential. It surrounds the cathode rear space and separates it from the area of pre-ionization.
  • the gas discharge between the cathode and the anode is ignited by injection of charge carriers.
  • the discharge path is ignited in two stages.
  • an auxiliary electrode generates a pre-ionization by means of a glow discharge.
  • a trigger electrode then receives a negative ignition pulse and the entry of charge carriers into the hollow electrode is made possible in that the potential of a blocking electrode is set to zero. Discharge is initiated when the charge carriers enter the hollow electrode (J. Phys. E: Sci. Instr. 19 (1986), The Inst. Of Physics, Great Britain, pages 466 to 470).
  • the invention is based on the object of simplifying and improving this known embodiment of a gas discharge switch for a low-pressure gas discharge, in particular the service life of the switch is to be increased by reducing the stress on the hollow electrode.
  • the main electrode facing the hollow electrode is provided with an opening on the discharge gap and that a baffle plate for the ion current of the low-pressure gas discharge is provided between this opening and the hollow electrode at a predetermined distance from the surface of the main electrode.
  • This baffle plate is at the potential of the assigned main electrode and acts as a baffle plate for the ions emerging from the opening of the main electrode and thus protects the hollow electrode.
  • the gas discharge switch contains two main electrodes for a low-pressure gas discharge, one of which is connected as a cathode 2 and the other as an anode 3 and at least the cathode 2 is provided with at least one opening 4.
  • the anode 3 can also be provided with at least one opening 5.
  • a discharge path 8 can be ignited through the two openings 4 and 5.
  • the cathode 2 and the anode 3, which generally each form a rotating body, are arranged at a predetermined distance a from one another, which can be, for example, approximately 2 to 5 mm.
  • At least one of the mutually facing surfaces of the cathode 2 and the anode 3 is at the discharge path 8 with one in the Figure not designated recess provided which extends the distance between the electrodes 2 and 3 on the discharge path 8.
  • This distance d can preferably be approximately 3 to 12, in particular at least 4 mm.
  • the cathode 2 and the anode 3 are made of electrically conductive material, preferably stainless steel, and can in general be provided on the discharge path 8 with special inserts 6 and 7 made of a high-melting metal or also consist entirely of this high-melting metal.
  • the diameter of the openings 4 and 5 is preferably selected to be at most as large and in particular smaller than the distance d between the electrodes 2 and 3 on the discharge path 8.
  • the cathode 2 and the anode 3 are arranged in a switching chamber 14, the hollow cylindrical housing of which consists of electrically insulating material, preferably ceramic.
  • a positive switching voltage U O of, for example, approximately 40 kV should be applied to the anode 3.
  • the trigger device for the discharge path 8 includes a hollow electrode 10 which is arranged in the switching chamber 14 in such a way that its opening faces the discharge path 8.
  • the hollow electrode 10 consists of an electrically conductive material, for example stainless steel, and has at least the shape of a shell, preferably the shape of a pot, the depth T of which is greater than the length of the cathodic dark space of a glow discharge.
  • the lateral, flange-like extension of the base 11 in the form of a profile ring is provided with compensation openings for the access of a working gas.
  • a trigger voltage source 17 with a trigger voltage U T is connected to the hollow electrode 10 and supplies a trigger pulse with a steep rising edge and a negative voltage of, for example, approximately 0.5 to 10 kV, preferably approximately 1 to 5 kV, as compared to that in the figure designated reference potential of the cathode 2, which may be ground potential, for example.
  • the length of the trigger pulse is at least as long as the switching delay of the discharge path 8 and can be, for example, approximately 0.1 to 2 ⁇ s, preferably approximately 0.5 to 1 ⁇ s.
  • the trigger voltage source 17 can preferably be connected to the hollow electrode 10 via a limiting resistor 18 and a decoupling capacitance 19.
  • the baffle plate 20 is arranged so that its flat sides run approximately perpendicular to the axis of the opening 4 and thus also approximately perpendicular to the discharge path 8. It consists at least partially of electrically conductive material, preferably of a material with a high melting point. In particular, it can consist of molybdenum or tungsten, at least on its flat side facing the discharge gap 8.
  • the baffle plate 20 which acts as a shield against the ions of the gas discharge, is thus essentially at the potential of the associated main electrode, that is the cathode 2 in this embodiment the clear width of the opening 4.
  • the switching chamber 14 generally also contains a gas storage 24 for a working gas for a working gas, which is only indicated schematically in the figure and is provided with a heating device, not shown in the figure, the electrical connections of which are designated 25 and 26 in the figure .
  • the gas filling consists of an ionizable gas, preferably hydrogen or deuterium, or a mixture of these gases.
  • an ionizable gas preferably hydrogen or deuterium, or a mixture of these gases.
  • nitrogen or noble gases such as argon or helium, are also suitable.

Landscapes

  • Gas-Filled Discharge Tubes (AREA)
  • Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
EP91106733A 1991-04-25 1991-04-25 Interrupteur à décharge dans un gaz Withdrawn EP0513403A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP91106733A EP0513403A1 (fr) 1991-04-25 1991-04-25 Interrupteur à décharge dans un gaz
DE9117007U DE9117007U1 (de) 1991-04-25 1991-04-25 Gasentladungsschalter
JP4130122A JPH05198264A (ja) 1991-04-25 1992-04-22 ガス放電スイッチ
US07/871,989 US5189346A (en) 1991-04-25 1992-04-22 Gas-discharge switch

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP91106733A EP0513403A1 (fr) 1991-04-25 1991-04-25 Interrupteur à décharge dans un gaz

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0513403A1 true EP0513403A1 (fr) 1992-11-19

Family

ID=8206664

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91106733A Withdrawn EP0513403A1 (fr) 1991-04-25 1991-04-25 Interrupteur à décharge dans un gaz

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5189346A (fr)
EP (1) EP0513403A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH05198264A (fr)
DE (1) DE9117007U1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101297452A (zh) * 2005-09-14 2008-10-29 力特保险丝有限公司 充气式电涌放电器、激活化合物、点火条及相应方法
WO2013122633A1 (fr) * 2011-10-18 2013-08-22 Baldwin David A Dispositifs à arc et couples d'arc mobiles

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4939416A (en) * 1988-04-11 1990-07-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Gas discharge switch

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3721529A1 (de) * 1987-06-30 1989-01-12 Christiansen Jens Triggerung und isolation von pseudofunkenschaltern
US5055748A (en) * 1990-05-30 1991-10-08 Integrated Applied Physics Inc. Trigger for pseudospark thyratron switch
US5126638A (en) * 1991-05-13 1992-06-30 Maxwell Laboratories, Inc. Coaxial pseudospark discharge switch

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4939416A (en) * 1988-04-11 1990-07-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Gas discharge switch

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
G. N. GLASOE ET AL. 'Pulse generator' 1948 , MCGRAW-HILL , NEW YORK; US *
IEEE Conference Record of the 1990 Nineteenth Power Modulator Symposium, Hyatt Islandia, San Diego, CA, June 26-28, 1990 P. BICKEL et al., "High-repetition rate, commercial pseudospark switches for pulsed modulators" Seiten 232-236 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH05198264A (ja) 1993-08-06
US5189346A (en) 1993-02-23
DE9117007U1 (de) 1995-01-26

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