EP0512876B1 - Zirkularpolarisierte Antenne - Google Patents

Zirkularpolarisierte Antenne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0512876B1
EP0512876B1 EP92400997A EP92400997A EP0512876B1 EP 0512876 B1 EP0512876 B1 EP 0512876B1 EP 92400997 A EP92400997 A EP 92400997A EP 92400997 A EP92400997 A EP 92400997A EP 0512876 B1 EP0512876 B1 EP 0512876B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
axis
conductor wire
wire
antenna
radiation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92400997A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0512876A1 (de
Inventor
Antoine Roederer
Pablo Luis Garcia Mueller
Anton Willem Jongejans
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Agence Spatiale Europeenne
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Agence Spatiale Europeenne
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0512876A1 publication Critical patent/EP0512876A1/de
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/108—Combination of a dipole with a plane reflecting surface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an antenna producing, in circular polarization, a radiation pattern of revolution around an axis and having a minimum of radiation in the direction of this axis.
  • antennas of this type are produced by means of a configuration of conductors with several strands arranged in a turnstile around the axis of the antenna, each of the strands being excited separately by a line coming from a distributor.
  • Such antennas are for example described by NT Lindenblad in Antennas and Transmissions Linos at the Empire State Building Television Station, in RCA Communications, April 1941, (where four dipoles are excited in phase separately, each by a clean line), by MS Gatti and DJ Nybakken in A Circularly Polarized Crossed Drooping Dipole Antenna, in IEEE Antennas and Propagation Symposium Digest, May 7-11, 1990, Vol. 1, pp.
  • Antennas of this type are for example commonly used on satellites for telemetry and remote control links, as well as on land and sea mobiles, in particular for location or satellite communication systems.
  • One of the aims of the present invention is to provide an antenna of the aforementioned type, that is to say producing in circular polarization a radiation diagram which is of revolution around an axis with a minimum along this axis (by example a diagram of more or less toroidal shape), but with a much simpler structure and a direct excitation system requiring no device for power division, phase shift, or symmetrization.
  • one of the aims of the present invention is to propose such a type of antenna the direction of the maximum radiation of which can be adjusted by a simple choice of parameters, thus making it possible to constitute without difficulty from the same basic structure a whole family of antennas, adapted to the different applications envisaged.
  • the subject of the invention is therefore an antenna producing, in circular polarization, a radiation pattern of revolution around an axis (1) and having a minimum of radiation in the direction of this axis, comprising a conductive reflecting surface (2) , essentially of revolution around the axis, a straight conductive strand (6), this conductive strand being connected at its first end to a supply line (4, 5), characterized in that said straight conductive strand extends axially from its first end (7), located at the level of said reflective conductive surface (2) and isolated therefrom, to a second end (8) and in that it further comprises a plurality of single-strand radiating arms (9, 10), each comprising a first part (9) extending essentially in a plane orthogonal to said axis (11), from said second end of the rectilinear conductive strand (6), this first part (9) being , has a e first end, close to said second end of the straight conductive strand (6), electrically connected directly to this straight conductive strand (6) and being
  • the antenna of the invention has an overall symmetry about an axis 1, which will be the axis of revolution of the radiation diagram, this axis also corresponding to the direction of the minimum of influence of this diagram (in the following, we will consider this axis as “vertical”, but this is of course only a pure convenience convention for descriptive purposes, this characteristic being only purely relative and does not in no way prejudging the absolute spatial orientation of the antenna).
  • This axis is also an axis of symmetry for a conductive surface 2, of generally horizontal orientation, electrically playing the role of “ground plane”, without this terminology being limiting, this surface being able to take several forms.
  • the antenna is connected to an excitation 3, for example a coaxial excitation comprising an armature 4 and a central core 5; the armature 4 is electrically connected to the conductive surface 2, while the core 5, brought to a potential different from that of the surface 2, opens from the latter upward and is extended into a central rectilinear conductive strand 6, perpendicular to the conductive surface 2 and coinciding with the axis 1.
  • This vertical strand 6 therefore behaves, from the electrical point of view, like a monopole excited at its base 7 by the coaxial 3 and charged by the upper structure.
  • these horizontal strands 9 are each extended by a respective curvilinear strand 10, inclined downward (that is to say forming an angle with the horizontal plane 11 containing the rectilinear strands 9), and consisting of an arc of a circle which extends from one of their ends and which would be inscribed on a sphere centered at the end 8 of the monopole 6.
  • these different elements 6, 9 and 10 are electrically connected in a direct manner, that is to say that no phase-shifting, synchronizing circuit, etc. is introduced, nor at the level of the connection between the various elements, or that of the connection of the radiating element 6 with the excitation conductor 3.
  • This greatly simplifies the construction, both electrical and mechanical, of this antenna of the invention (the only electrical component possibly necessary is an impedance matching device from the excitation line 3 to the antenna, which would then be placed at the base of the central strand 6, or in the power supply device of the transmitter / receiver) .
  • the vertical strand 6 radiates like a monopole in vertical polarization; the horizontal rectilinear strands 9, on the other hand, contribute little to the radiation for reasons of symmetry, and the curvilinear strands 10 radiate a horizontal linear component arriving essentially in quadrature with the vertical component produced by the vertical strand 6, as well as a vertical component , more reduced, serving as an additional component.
  • composition of these different radiations produces the desired circular polarization radiation.
  • the direction of the circular polarization is fixed by the angular direction towards which the curvilinear strands are turned 10. If it is desired to adjust this polarization, or to change it, the strands 10 can be made mobile relative to the strands 9, so as to vary the direction and the value of the angle of inclination of these curvilinear strands with the horizontal plane 11.
  • An antenna produced according to these teachings applicable to frequencies up to the microwave range (10 to 20 GHz), has a gain of at least 1.5 dB for elevation angles between 10 and 50 ° relative to horizontally, with a good omni-directionality characteristic.
  • the different horizontal strands 9 (which are not intended to contribute to radiation) can be replaced by a continuous conductive metal surface (for example a metal plate, a printed plate, a conductive grid, etc.) at the periphery of which will come connect the curvilinear strands 10.
  • a continuous conductive metal surface for example a metal plate, a printed plate, a conductive grid, etc.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Silicon Compounds (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Input Circuits Of Receivers And Coupling Of Receivers And Audio Equipment (AREA)
  • Waveguide Connection Structure (AREA)

Claims (1)

1. Antenne, die in Zirkularpolarisierung ein Strahlungsdiagramm mit Umdrehung um eine Achse (1) erzeugt, und die ein Strahlungsminimum in Richtung dieser Achse aufweist, wobei sie eine reflektierende Leitflache (2), im wesentlichen mit Umdrehung um die Achse, und einen geraden Leitantennendraht (6) aufweist, wobei dieser Leitantennendraht an seinem ersten Ende mit einer Netzleitung (4,5) verbunden ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich der gerade Leitantennendraht von seinem ersten Ende (7), das auf der Ebene der reflektierenden Leitfläche (2) angeordnet und gegen sie isoliert ist, bis zu einem zweiten Ende (8) axial erstreckt, und dadurch, daß die Antenne außerdem eine Vielzahl von einadrigen Stahlungsarmen (9,10) aufweist, wovon jeder einen ersten Teil (9) aufweist, der sich im wesentlichen in einer zu der Achse rechtwinkligen Ebene (11) von dem zweiten Ende des geraden Leitantennendrahts (6) an erstreckt, wobei dieser erste Teil (9) an einem ersten Ende, nahe dem zweiten Ende des geraden Leitantennendrahts (6), elektrisch direkt mit diesem geraden Leitantennendraht (6) verbunden ist, und wobei er an einem zweiten Ende, das von dem zweiten Ende des geraden Leitantennendrahts (6) entfernt liegt, von einem zweiten Teil (10) in Form eines gekrümmten Drahts verlängert ist, der in einem in bezug auf das zweite Ende des geraden Leitantennendrahts (6) zentrierten Kreis liegt, und dessen allgemeine Ausrichtung bezüglich der radialen Ebene geneigt ist, wobei alle gekrümmten Drähte (10) eine gleiche Neigung haben.
EP92400997A 1991-05-07 1992-04-09 Zirkularpolarisierte Antenne Expired - Lifetime EP0512876B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9105569 1991-05-07
FR9105569A FR2676311B1 (fr) 1991-05-07 1991-05-07 Antenne a polarisation circulaire.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0512876A1 EP0512876A1 (de) 1992-11-11
EP0512876B1 true EP0512876B1 (de) 1995-07-05

Family

ID=9412591

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92400997A Expired - Lifetime EP0512876B1 (de) 1991-05-07 1992-04-09 Zirkularpolarisierte Antenne

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US5264861A (de)
EP (1) EP0512876B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2607203B2 (de)
AT (1) ATE124809T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2067478C (de)
DE (1) DE69203288T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0512876T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2077369T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2676311B1 (de)
NO (1) NO300300B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2841388B1 (fr) * 2002-06-20 2005-05-20 Centre Nat Etd Spatiales Antenne a brins a polarisation circulaire
JP2006222847A (ja) 2005-02-14 2006-08-24 Hitachi Cable Ltd 分布位相型円偏波アンテナおよび高周波モジュール
JP2006222846A (ja) 2005-02-14 2006-08-24 Hitachi Cable Ltd 漏洩損失性線路型円偏波アンテナおよび高周波モジュール
JP4380587B2 (ja) 2005-05-11 2009-12-09 日立電線株式会社 分布位相型円偏波受信モジュール及び携帯無線機器
FR2896146B1 (fr) 2006-01-19 2008-03-28 Vygon Sa Perfectionnements aux champs operatoires a fenetre
FR2896919B1 (fr) 2006-02-01 2010-04-16 Centre Nat Detudes Spatiales Cnes Antenne a polarisation circulaire ou lineaire.
DE102007029023B4 (de) * 2007-06-23 2020-01-16 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Antennensystem für ein Kraftfahrzeug
FR2925233B1 (fr) * 2007-12-18 2012-04-20 Thales Sa Antenne active tres large bande pour radar passif.
EP2668677B1 (de) * 2011-01-27 2018-10-10 Galtronics Corporation Ltd. Doppelt polarisierte breitbandantenne
FR2993413B1 (fr) * 2012-07-12 2015-06-05 Sterela Antenne a cavite et equipement communicant comprenant une telle antenne
US20150270597A1 (en) * 2014-03-19 2015-09-24 Google Inc. Spiral Antenna

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE861721C (de) * 1944-08-06 1953-01-05 Telefunken Gmbh Drehpolarisierte Antenne
DE1958108A1 (de) * 1969-11-19 1971-05-19 Rohde & Schwarz Zirkular polarisierte Rundstrahlantenne
DE2824686A1 (de) * 1978-06-06 1979-12-13 Fte Maximal Fernsehtech Rundempfangsantenne fuer den ultrakurzwellenbereich
JPS57107610A (en) * 1980-12-25 1982-07-05 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> Circular polarized wave cone beam antenna
GB2152757B (en) * 1984-01-05 1987-10-14 Plessey Co Plc Antenna
FR2644937B1 (fr) * 1989-03-22 1991-09-27 Bourdier Jean Antenne omnidirective en polarisation circulaire transversale a maximum de gain sous l'horizon
US5173715A (en) * 1989-12-04 1992-12-22 Trimble Navigation Antenna with curved dipole elements

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2676311A1 (fr) 1992-11-13
NO300300B1 (no) 1997-05-05
US5264861A (en) 1993-11-23
ATE124809T1 (de) 1995-07-15
NO921476L (no) 1992-11-09
FR2676311B1 (fr) 1993-11-19
DK0512876T3 (da) 1995-09-18
EP0512876A1 (de) 1992-11-11
DE69203288D1 (de) 1995-08-10
DE69203288T2 (de) 1995-11-09
CA2067478A1 (fr) 1992-11-08
JPH05152842A (ja) 1993-06-18
JP2607203B2 (ja) 1997-05-07
NO921476D0 (no) 1992-04-13
CA2067478C (fr) 1996-12-24
ES2077369T3 (es) 1995-11-16

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