EP0511419A1 - Voile en aile d'avion - Google Patents

Voile en aile d'avion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0511419A1
EP0511419A1 EP91106945A EP91106945A EP0511419A1 EP 0511419 A1 EP0511419 A1 EP 0511419A1 EP 91106945 A EP91106945 A EP 91106945A EP 91106945 A EP91106945 A EP 91106945A EP 0511419 A1 EP0511419 A1 EP 0511419A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sail
tree
mast
profile
tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91106945A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0511419B1 (fr
Inventor
Wilhelm Brinkmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP91106945A priority Critical patent/EP0511419B1/fr
Priority to DE59104424T priority patent/DE59104424D1/de
Priority to ES91106945T priority patent/ES2067789T3/es
Priority to AU14721/92A priority patent/AU661994B2/en
Priority to US07/868,799 priority patent/US5263429A/en
Priority to JP4131728A priority patent/JPH05139378A/ja
Publication of EP0511419A1 publication Critical patent/EP0511419A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0511419B1 publication Critical patent/EP0511419B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
    • B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
    • B63H9/06—Types of sail; Constructional features of sails; Arrangements thereof on vessels
    • B63H9/061—Rigid sails; Aerofoil sails
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B15/00—Superstructures, deckhouses, wheelhouses or the like; Arrangements or adaptations of masts or spars, e.g. bowsprits
    • B63B15/0083—Masts for sailing ships or boats
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B15/00—Superstructures, deckhouses, wheelhouses or the like; Arrangements or adaptations of masts or spars, e.g. bowsprits
    • B63B2015/0016—Masts characterized by mast configuration or construction
    • B63B2015/0041—Telescoping masts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a profile sail for a sailboat, consisting of a mast with several superposed, individually mountable or reefable sails on the mast, between which an outer sail covering bridging the maximum vertical distance is provided and the at least two each with a vertical hinge axis connected, together have a symmetrical wing profile corresponding horizontal tree parts, one of which encloses the mast.
  • the object of the invention is to simplify the pulling and reefing of the superimposed sail sections and thereby the mast length of the respective one Adjust sail size and provide an improved adjustability of the curvature of the profile sail in order to achieve an optimal curvature distribution over the width of the sail.
  • the length of the mast consisting of a plurality of telescoping tubes is adjustable, that the inner tube carries a fixed top piece of the sail approximated to an elliptical outline in side view, the between the top piece and the bottom sail tree fixed to the outer tube intermediate sections of sail as well as the sail booms attached to the mast can be extended by mast extension or reefing devices attacking the movable sail booms while shortening the mast, and that for optimal distribution of curvature along the axis of the airfoil profile, which forms approximately the front third of its length, is articulated connected tree parts of each sail tree can be adjusted jointly by an arch adjustment drive.
  • the heel ie the inclination of the mast and thus of the boat, which is mainly caused by wind forces acting on the upper end of the sail, can be kept small, so that the boat keel, which is otherwise required for stabilization, can be reduced or replaced with a small sword.
  • the semi-elliptical outline shape of the sail is preferred because it has significant aerodynamic advantages. Due to the chosen sail shape, The changeable sail height and the adjustable curvature distribution can be taken into account or suitably used by suitably trimming the sail, and favorable propulsive forces can be achieved with minimized heeling.
  • the profile sail comprises a mast 10 consisting of telescopically guided tubes, the outer tube 12 of which is supported with a lower region in the boat hull, not shown, by means of a rotary bearing, where a rotary adjustment drive acts on a lower pivot 14 of the outer tube 12.
  • the outer tube 12 Above its passage through the boat deck, the outer tube 12 is divided and provided with flanges 16, which have a common horizontal hinge axis, so that the mast can be folded with a reefed sail into a tub arranged on or near the boat deck.
  • a central tube 18 is guided in the outer tube 12, and an inner tube 20 is guided therein, which remain in a sufficiently large overlap in the extended state for the purpose of kink stability.
  • the telescopic tubes 12, 18, 20 are guided into one another with low friction by inner guide rollers 22, 24 which are distributed over their circumference at the upper end and through outer guide rollers 26, 28 which are arranged at the lower end of their outer circumference.
  • a winch 30 is provided for a tension member or tension band 31 below the mast, which has an outer deflection roller 32 arranged at the upper end of the outer tube 12 and lower and upper deflection rollers 34 and 36 of the middle tube 18 to the lower end of the Inner tube 20 is guided.
  • a lock shown in FIG. 5 is provided at the upper end of the middle tube 18 in order to hold the middle tube on the outer tube so that the inner tube 20 is first actuated by the winch 30 when extending .
  • FIG. 1 b, c corresponds to approximately half an ellipse, so that the shape of the upper end of the sail is determined by the small ellipse half-axis.
  • This end of the sail is formed by a top piece 40 fastened to the upper side of the inner tube 20, which remains above the telescoped mast tubes when the mast is retracted and the sail is reefed according to FIG. 1a.
  • An upper sail section 42 is suspended from the top piece 40 and is limited at the bottom by an upper sail tree 44 in its length and in its cross section corresponding to a symmetrical wing profile.
  • a central sail section 46 extends from upper sail tree 44 to a middle sail tree 48, and a lower sail section 50 extends from the middle sail tree 48 to a lower sail tree 52 fixed to the outer tube 12.
  • the sail trees 44, 48 are guided according to FIG. 2 on the outer tube 12, which, as the other tubes also have a polygonal, for example square, cross section. Since the upper sail boom 44 is inevitably supported on the center tube 18 when the sail is fully set as shown in FIG. 1c, this carries an adapter 54 which takes over the guidance and locking of the upper sail boom 44 until the sail is in the half or fully raised state Fig. 1b or 1a is transferred.
  • the sail trees consist of a lattice frame construction, preferably made of light metal or glass fiber reinforced plastic and can be individually and collectively reefed by means of deflection rollers, cable pulls and winding motors arranged in the lower sail tree 52, not shown, in order to pull a sail section down over the next higher tree and to reef the sail to that extent.
  • the cables of the reefing device run from the winches of the winding motors with braked freewheel.
  • the cables of the reefing device for the upper sail tree 44 are passed through the lower sail tree 48.
  • the lower sail tree 52 for example trough-shaped, attached to the outer tube 12 approximately at the level of the boat deck, takes the folded ones when the sail is reefed Sail sections with the overlying sail trees.
  • pawl levers 58 are pivotally mounted on the adapter and are resiliently pretensioned with their lower pawl end 60 in the direction of an inner shoulder 62 of the outer tube 12, so that the center tube and the outer tube are automatically locked as soon as the center tube is completely retracted.
  • Each pawl lever 58 carries on its upper curved arm a bolt or roller 64 which, when the sail is pulled out of the state shown in FIG. 1b in FIG 5 pivots and the pawl end 60 comes free from the shoulder 62.
  • the sail tree 44 is now secured against an upward relative movement with respect to the adapter 54.
  • a bolt 70 which is prestressed in the direction of the adapter is horizontally guided on the sail tree 44, which in the state of FIG. 5 in a receptacle 72 in the adapter about a horizontal axis 68 swiveling holding member 74 engages.
  • the holding member 74 can be resiliently biased into its lower end position shown, in which a stop inclined surface 76 protrudes from the adapter 54 at its lower end and is opposite a stop 78 on the upper side of the outer tube 12.
  • the holding member 74 is pivoted clockwise to the left by the stop 78 on the outer tube 12, so that the latch 70 is free from the contact surface of the receptacle 72 and the locking of the sail tree 44 on the adapter is released.
  • the sail tree 44 can now be pulled down from the adapter onto the outer tube 12 by means of the reefing device, the ratchet lever 58 restoring the locking of the middle tube 18 on the outer tube 12 and the bolt 70 being pressed back into the sail tree by means of an inclined surface 79 on the outer tube.
  • each sail tree consists of a rear tree part 80 which surrounds the mast 10 with a guide and extends over approximately two thirds of the total length of the wing profile.
  • a middle tree part 84 which is delimited by slightly convex outer sides 86, is connected to this by means of a vertical hinge axis 82.
  • a front tree part 88 the outer sides 90 of which correspond to the profile at the front end of an airfoil, is articulated on the tree part 84 by means of a vertical hinge axis 92.
  • a first lever 94 and a second lever 96 are mounted centrally, which in the exemplary embodiment shown extend approximately over half the length of the respective tree part and are connected to one another in an articulated manner by a coupling strap 98.
  • the levers are arranged within the respective sail tree and lie in the longitudinal axis of the sail tree when the sail is stretched.
  • rotatable front and rear pairs of rollers or sprockets 100, 102 are mounted in the same arrangement, each roller pair consisting of an upper and a lower roller and, for example, the upper roller above and the lower roller is arranged below the lever.
  • the reference numerals of the individual rollers are only entered for the rollers of the second lever 96.
  • the upper rollers 104, 108 of the first lever 94 are wrapped in opposite directions by an articulated tension member, preferably a chain 112, with the rear end of the chain 112 on one side of the rear tree part 80 and the front end of this chain on the opposite side Side of the middle tree part 84 is attached at a lateral distance from the respective roller.
  • the lower rollers 106, 110 of the first lever 94 are wrapped by a chain 114 in a mirror-symmetrical arrangement to the upper chain 112.
  • the second lever 96 is one with its ends laterally at the middle Tree part 84 and upper chain 116 fastened to the front tree part 88, and a lower chain 118 fastened to the lower rollers 106, 110 in a mirror-symmetrical arrangement thereto, attached to the opposite sides of the lower tree part or front tree part.
  • the rear end of the first lever 94 is articulated at a point 122 to a swivel actuator 124, which in the example shown consists of a screw spindle 130, mounted transversely on the rear tree part 80 and driven by a motor 126 with reduction 128, on which one with the Lever end related nut 132 is guided.
  • the chain 112 guided over the upper rollers 104, 108 pulls the left outer side of the middle tree part 84 to the front end of this lever which is pivoted to the right so that the middle tree part 84 reaches, for example, the position shown in FIG. 4c.
  • the second lever 96 which is mounted on the hinge axis 92 at the front end of the central tree part 84, is pivoted in the same direction, with the front end of the chain 116 guided over the upper rollers 104, 108, the left outside of the front tree part 88 pulls on the already pivoted lever, but with additional translation effect.
  • the respective sail tree with its individual tree parts according to FIG. 4b is caused to have an opposite curvature and the desired curvature distribution, which increases on the wing profile, is thereby achieved.
  • the covering of the individual sections of the sail has a certain elasticity with which any convex curvature of the sail or its covering can be adjusted by contacting the outside of the tree parts. As can be seen in FIGS. 4b and 4c on the concave sail side, where the covering also bears against the contours of the tree parts, the covering is held on the side edges of the tree sections by means of inner loops or eyelets, not shown.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Elements, Cooling, Sealing, Or The Like Of Lighting Devices (AREA)
EP91106945A 1991-04-29 1991-04-29 Voile en aile d'avion Expired - Lifetime EP0511419B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP91106945A EP0511419B1 (fr) 1991-04-29 1991-04-29 Voile en aile d'avion
DE59104424T DE59104424D1 (de) 1991-04-29 1991-04-29 Profilsegel.
ES91106945T ES2067789T3 (es) 1991-04-29 1991-04-29 Vela perfilada.
AU14721/92A AU661994B2 (en) 1991-04-29 1992-04-08 Airfoil sail
US07/868,799 US5263429A (en) 1991-04-29 1992-04-16 Airfoil sail
JP4131728A JPH05139378A (ja) 1991-04-29 1992-04-24 翼型帆

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP91106945A EP0511419B1 (fr) 1991-04-29 1991-04-29 Voile en aile d'avion

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0511419A1 true EP0511419A1 (fr) 1992-11-04
EP0511419B1 EP0511419B1 (fr) 1995-01-25

Family

ID=8206676

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91106945A Expired - Lifetime EP0511419B1 (fr) 1991-04-29 1991-04-29 Voile en aile d'avion

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5263429A (fr)
EP (1) EP0511419B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH05139378A (fr)
AU (1) AU661994B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE59104424D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2067789T3 (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4323789A1 (de) * 1993-07-15 1995-01-19 Reinhold Kulikowski Mast für Segelboote und -schiffe
GB2317868A (en) * 1996-10-04 1998-04-08 Win Lok Sail Makers Limited Sailing apparatus
CN102395507A (zh) * 2009-04-15 2012-03-28 日本邮船株式会社 船舶
WO2012178006A2 (fr) 2011-06-22 2012-12-27 Magnuss Ltd. Système de navigation maritime variable en hauteur
CN104118551A (zh) * 2014-08-11 2014-10-29 中国船舶重工集团公司第七○二研究所 自动收放式组合风翼装置
CN105539795A (zh) * 2015-12-21 2016-05-04 中国船舶重工集团公司第七○二研究所 层叠可调式硬质帆面风帆
US9346527B2 (en) 2011-06-22 2016-05-24 Magnuss Ltd Vertically-variable ocean sail system
US9694889B2 (en) 2015-03-04 2017-07-04 Magnuss Services, Inc. Methods and systems for a vertically variable ocean sail system
WO2021005420A1 (fr) * 2019-07-05 2021-01-14 Tannhaeuser Gunter Dispositif de voile carrée télescopique

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5367970A (en) * 1993-09-27 1994-11-29 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Controllable camber fin
US5517940A (en) * 1995-05-08 1996-05-21 Beyer; Jay R. Variable width multi-hulled boat with telescoping mast
US5775249A (en) * 1996-04-08 1998-07-07 Samuel; David B. Adjustable camber inflatable sail
US6202582B1 (en) 1998-12-24 2001-03-20 Jerome Risley Asymmetrically shaped sailboat
US6526901B2 (en) * 2001-03-30 2003-03-04 Camillo M. Iacoboni Retractable mast for sailboats
AU2002339262A1 (en) * 2002-09-13 2004-04-30 Jean-Louis Marlier Rigid sail
US7461609B1 (en) 2007-02-14 2008-12-09 Harbor Wing Technologies, Inc. Apparatus for control of pivoting wing-type sail
JP5318008B2 (ja) * 2010-03-19 2013-10-16 株式会社大内海洋コンサルタント 帆走船
CN101920777B (zh) * 2010-09-15 2012-07-04 武汉理工大学 一种翼帆及具有该翼帆的船舶
US9308979B2 (en) 2012-03-06 2016-04-12 Stanislav Mostoviy Reversible camber soft wing sail
US9114863B2 (en) * 2012-12-28 2015-08-25 I Christopher Robert White Aerodynamic fairing and flap for generating lift and methods of using the same
AT515589B1 (de) * 2014-03-18 2015-12-15 Waldhauser Kurt Rollreffbaum für Segelschiffe
CN111727152B (zh) 2018-02-02 2023-02-17 M·弗雷泽 帆
CN110937067B (zh) * 2019-12-25 2020-11-27 盐城神力制绳有限公司 一种可伸缩折叠的帆船桅杆
BE1029865B1 (nl) * 2021-10-20 2023-05-22 Maeyer Marc De Zeilsysteem voor een boot

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2496589A1 (fr) * 1980-12-24 1982-06-25 Philibert Gilles Mat telescopique
DE3107096A1 (de) * 1981-02-21 1982-09-09 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Schiff mit weitgehend starrem segel
GB2098137A (en) * 1981-05-12 1982-11-17 Sundien Gunnar Olof A sailing craft
FR2559449A1 (fr) * 1984-02-09 1985-08-16 Requier Guy Systeme de propulseur eolien constitue de plusieurs volets orientables montes sur un cadre, lui-meme orientable, destine a tout vehicule marin ou terrestre
EP0242408A1 (fr) * 1986-04-16 1987-10-28 Wilhelm Laib Bateau à voile

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE397072B (sv) * 1976-02-19 1977-10-17 Larsson K O A H Anordning vid rigg for segelfartyg
US4016823A (en) * 1976-05-21 1977-04-12 Davis Robert S Retractable sailboat mast
JPS5828098B2 (ja) * 1977-12-27 1983-06-14 住友電気工業株式会社 溝付き四弗化エチレン樹脂チユ−ブの製造方法
JPS5795293A (en) * 1980-11-30 1982-06-14 Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd Sail device
US4388888A (en) * 1981-04-24 1983-06-21 Gushurst Jr Fred W Adjustable airfoil
US4386574A (en) * 1981-12-15 1983-06-07 Riolland Pierre L Sail assembly of variable profile, reversible and collapsible
US4561374A (en) * 1983-09-23 1985-12-31 Asker Gunnar C F Wind ship propulsion system
US4612868A (en) * 1983-12-13 1986-09-23 Reynolds Randall H Sail system with adjustable sail area
FR2567098B1 (fr) * 1984-07-05 1987-07-10 Graveline Jean Dispositif aerodynamique a concavite reversible, souple et affalable, pour la propulsion par la force du vent
US4685410A (en) * 1985-04-08 1987-08-11 Fuller Robert R Wing sail
JPH0235599Y2 (fr) * 1985-06-27 1990-09-27

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2496589A1 (fr) * 1980-12-24 1982-06-25 Philibert Gilles Mat telescopique
DE3107096A1 (de) * 1981-02-21 1982-09-09 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Schiff mit weitgehend starrem segel
GB2098137A (en) * 1981-05-12 1982-11-17 Sundien Gunnar Olof A sailing craft
FR2559449A1 (fr) * 1984-02-09 1985-08-16 Requier Guy Systeme de propulseur eolien constitue de plusieurs volets orientables montes sur un cadre, lui-meme orientable, destine a tout vehicule marin ou terrestre
EP0242408A1 (fr) * 1986-04-16 1987-10-28 Wilhelm Laib Bateau à voile

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4323789A1 (de) * 1993-07-15 1995-01-19 Reinhold Kulikowski Mast für Segelboote und -schiffe
GB2317868A (en) * 1996-10-04 1998-04-08 Win Lok Sail Makers Limited Sailing apparatus
CN102395507A (zh) * 2009-04-15 2012-03-28 日本邮船株式会社 船舶
CN102395507B (zh) * 2009-04-15 2014-04-16 日本邮船株式会社 船舶
WO2012178006A2 (fr) 2011-06-22 2012-12-27 Magnuss Ltd. Système de navigation maritime variable en hauteur
EP2723632A4 (fr) * 2011-06-22 2016-01-06 Magnuss Ltd Système de navigation maritime variable en hauteur
US9346527B2 (en) 2011-06-22 2016-05-24 Magnuss Ltd Vertically-variable ocean sail system
CN104118551A (zh) * 2014-08-11 2014-10-29 中国船舶重工集团公司第七○二研究所 自动收放式组合风翼装置
US9694889B2 (en) 2015-03-04 2017-07-04 Magnuss Services, Inc. Methods and systems for a vertically variable ocean sail system
CN105539795A (zh) * 2015-12-21 2016-05-04 中国船舶重工集团公司第七○二研究所 层叠可调式硬质帆面风帆
WO2021005420A1 (fr) * 2019-07-05 2021-01-14 Tannhaeuser Gunter Dispositif de voile carrée télescopique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0511419B1 (fr) 1995-01-25
DE59104424D1 (de) 1995-03-09
JPH05139378A (ja) 1993-06-08
ES2067789T3 (es) 1995-04-01
AU1472192A (en) 1992-11-05
AU661994B2 (en) 1995-08-17
US5263429A (en) 1993-11-23

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