EP0505917B1 - Gun, especially hand gun - Google Patents

Abstract

Locked automatic pistol in connection with which the recoil-produced delivery of momentum of the barrel (2) is buffered.

Description

The invention relates to a firearm with the features of the preamble of claim 1, that is to a handgun with a handle, which a breech member by the recoil of a fired cartridge along a movement path against the force of a closing spring arrangement between a front firing position, in which it is against adjacent to a movably mounted barrel, and movably leading to a rear opening position, with a locking arrangement engaging between the barrel and the closure part, which, in the firing position and only during an initial section of the movement path, firmly connects the barrel and the closure part to one another, the closure part having passed through this initial section Movement path followed, while the barrel comes to a standstill, with a breech spring designed as a helical spring, the ends of which are located at the front of the breech member penetrated by it and at the rear on the handgun-G Riffstück trained frame, and which is guided under the barrel on a substantially parallel to this guide rod, which carries a barrel stop at the rear end, and with a barrel extension formed on the barrel, one on this and the barrel stop complementary cam control is designed to release the barrel when reaching the end of the initial portion of the path of movement from the engagement with the closure part.

Such a handgun is known from FR-A-722 555.

In the following, an appointment logic is used which makes the description easier to read, but is not to be understood as restrictive. For example, the terms "top", "bottom", "front", "rear", "cross", etc. refer to a device of the type specified above, which is held in the usual working position; for example on a pistol in the usual stroke when shooting sporty precision. The terminology mentioned includes the words mentioned above and derivatives of these words and words of similar meaning. Thus the front part of the device is the part which faces the target of the projectile-like objects, that is to say the target in the case of a firearm. The longitudinal direction of the device coincides with the weft direction.

Handguns of the type mentioned at the outset are generally known, for example handguns according to the Colt-Browning system, in particular for firing strong cartridges (Deutsches Waffenjournal, 1979, Issue 7, pp. 908-910).

Known handguns are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 for a better understanding of the starting point of the invention. The handgun of Fig. 1 corresponds to the generic FR-A-722 555.

In the fire readiness position, a swiveling tube, referred to below as barrel 2, bears against a butt plate 4 of a closure part 6. The rear barrel section 8, which is designed as a cartridge chamber, has on its upper side locking lugs 10 which engage in corresponding grooves in the closure part 6 and rigidly connect the barrel 2 to the closure part 6 before the shot.

For the rest, such pistols have a handle 12, the handle (not shown here) of which regularly surrounds a magazine shaft for receiving an exchangeable magazine. The closure part 6 is slidably mounted on the handle 12. When a shot is fired, the projectile is accelerated in the forward direction. The known recoil, which drives the barrel 2 together with the closure part 6 to the rear, arises in accordance with the pulse conservation set. The closure part 6 then performs a return or opening movement in the longitudinal direction from the ready-to-fire position to a closure stop 14 fixed to the housing, against the action of a closure spring 16 arranged below and essentially parallel to the barrel 2.

In Fig. 1, the rear barrel section 8 carries on its underside a barrel extension 18 with a cam which is composed essentially of an unlocking curve 20 and a locking curve 22.

When firing, the barrel 2 and the closure part 6 cover the path s together. Thereafter, the barrel 2 is brought out of engagement with the closure part 6 with the cooperation of a control bolt 24 (FIG. 1) which comes into engagement with the unlocking curve 20 or through the action of chain links 26 (FIG. 2). The closure member 6 then continues to its housing-fixed closure stop 14 alone, reverses and is accelerated forward again by the closure spring 16, so performs a forward or closing movement.

During this closing advance, a new cartridge is fed from the magazine to the cartridge chamber of barrel 2. Then the barrel 2 is pivoted upwards via the control elements described and brought into a new locking with the closure part 6. Subsequently, the barrel 2 and the closure part 6 slide forward together until the barrel extension 18 strikes a cross bolt 28 fixed to the housing and the barrel 2 together with the closure part 6 comes to a standstill in the fire readiness position.

After igniting the cartridge, the process described is repeated again.

There are a very large number of constructive variants of the Colt Browning system described above; All variants are in accordance with a run which, when it moves backwards together with the closure part, pivots at least with its rear section downwards and thereby releases the closure part.

As is known, the recoil of the known generic firearms is bothersome and often painful. This is especially true for handguns of strong caliber, in which the recoil is transmitted from the housing to the shooting hand. If several shots are fired in quick succession, the recoils annoy the shooter and affect the result of the hit.

It is already known to reduce recoil-related impairments of the operator in that the closure part does not run directly onto a force transducer fixed to the housing after passing through a running distance, but rather via a buffer device.

For example, US Pat. No. 4,031,808 (RAVILLE) describes a self-loading pistol according to the Colt-Browning system with a chain link. The chain link releases the barrel from its locking with the closure part in a known manner as soon as the barrel has passed the locking path in the rearward direction. The closure part first gives its recoil via a closure spring and after passing through a running distance via an air cylinder / piston arrangement to a force transducer fixed to the housing.

Furthermore, the CH-PS 494 384 (Heckler & Koch) also describes a self-loading pistol, with a closure part, which runs back against the closure spring and after running through a running path against a buffer device. The closure part, the barrel and the buffer device are elements of the self-loading mechanism.

Finally, DE 87 09 139 U1 (PETERS) also describes a self-loading pistol based on the Colt system. The barrel of this self-loading pistol has a barrel extension, which slides with a control surface onto a ramp surface of a control piece fixed to the housing and thereby cancels its previous locking with the closure part. The control piece is with a guide rod for the locking spring connected, wherein the guide rod and the locking spring are below the barrel.

The invention aims to further develop a firearm of the type mentioned at the outset while maintaining as far as possible its previous advantages, in particular in that its recoil-related impairments to the operator are further reduced.

This object is achieved by the subject matter of claim 1, that is, in that the generic firearm has the following features:
the spring guide rod is arranged to be longitudinally movable and is supported on a buffer spring which, after it has covered the initial section of the movement path together with the closure part and has been released from engagement with the closure part by the locking arrangement, allows the barrel to move further by a buffer distance and thus relative to the handle buffers.

After running through a predefined first running distance, the run no longer immediately and abruptly delivers the recoil component it receives to a part of the device which is fixed to the housing, but gradually, that is to say extended in time and thus significantly reduced in amount. As a result, the operator and also the. Protected device itself.

Investigations by the applicant have shown that strong impulse transmission has so far taken place when the barrel is unlocked from the closure part; the buffering according to the invention thus reduces precisely this particularly unpleasant "unlocking shock".

Although it is known (DE-2 924 396, US-834 753 and DE-C-90 430) to assign a separate spring to the barrel, this prevents the barrel from hitting the handle at full speed, if at all, due to any tolerances ( DE-C-90 430); a special, structurally provided buffer section cannot be removed anywhere.

In one embodiment of the invention, a spring-loaded lock stop is provided. Instead or in addition, the element of the closure part that runs onto the closure stop is designed to be soft and resilient. Through these measures, the remaining return energy of the closure part is transferred softly to the handle.

The preferred embodiment of the invention has a locking spring known per se, which sits on a spring guide rod arranged under the barrel and essentially parallel to it. In contrast to the known Colt-Browning system, however, the spring guide rod is arranged to be longitudinally movable against the action of a buffer spring designed as a buffer device, and the rear end of the spring guide rod is designed as a running stop. This measure has the following advantages, among others: there are various possibilities for attaching the buffer spring, which is preferably designed as a compression spring; the size of the usual Colt-Browning construction is not increased by the additional buffer spring.

The buffer spring is particularly preferably seated within the locking spring on the spring guide rod and is supported with its front end on a projection of the spring guide rod and with its rear end together with the locking spring on the housing or handle. This measure reduces the structural changes to achieve an improved self-loading pistol to a minimum.

In a further preferred embodiment, the rear end of the spring guide rod has on its underside a guide surface, in particular in the form of a recess, which cooperates with a stationary guide element, for example connected to the handle, in particular a cross bolt. As a result, the spring guide rod is optimally guided with little structural effort, which is preferably supported by the fact that it passes through a guide channel in the front end of the closure part. An additional guide is preferably achieved in that the rear end of the spring guide rod slides on both sides of the guide recess on a bearing part which also receives the guide cross bolt.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the buffer spring also serves to buffer the closure stop. For this purpose, the projection, on which the front end of the buffer spring is supported, is preferably designed as a socket, the front end of which forms the closure stop. The socket is either immovable on the spring guide rod or displaceable for a limited distance so that it is pressed forward by the buffer spring in the rest position. A rigid attachment of the bushing to the spring guide rod has the advantage that the closure part is not only intercepted by the buffer spring on the return via the bushing, but additionally also the inertial masses of the returning spring guide rod and the barrel entrained by it act as a brake. If, on the other hand, the bushing is slidably arranged on the spring guide rod, only the buffer spring and the inert mass of the bushing catch the lock, apart from the locking spring. For this, the buffer spring must be made harder than in the case of the stuck bush. In addition, the buffer spring is designed in such a way that, after it has run onto the barrel stop and has passed through the buffer section, it moves back again (via the buffer section) to the front before the locking part has reached the locking stop (socket).

A stable rest position of the cross pin and the spring guide rod are promoted in that the guide cross pin engages in a recess at the rear end of the guide recess.

Further preferred features of the invention result from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments. These exemplary embodiments are shown schematically in the accompanying drawing, which also illustrates the prior art already described.

Fig. 1a bis 1c

ein bekanntes Colt-Browning-System mit Steuerkurve und Steuerbolzen in unterschiedlichen Betriebszuständen;

Fig. 2a bis 2c

ein weiteres bekanntes System mit einer Laufkettensteuerung in unterschiedlichen Betriebszuständen;

Fig. 3a

einen Vertikalschnitt durch ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung in Feuerbereitschaftslage;

Fig. 3b bis 3e

weitere Betriebszustände des Ausführungsbeispiels der Fig. 3a;

Fig. 4

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel in einem der Fig. 3e entsprechenden Betriebszustand.

The drawing shows:

1a to 1c

a well-known Colt-Browning system with control cam and control pin in different operating states;

2a to 2c

another known system with a crawler control in different operating states;

Fig. 3a

a vertical section through a first embodiment of the invention in fire readiness position;

3b to 3e

further operating states of the embodiment of FIG. 3a;

Fig. 4

a further embodiment in an operating state corresponding to FIG. 3e.

The known locked self-loading pistols shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 have already been described in the introduction, so that reference can be made to the representation there.

The exemplary embodiments shown in FIGS. 3a to 3e are based on the Colt Browning system shown in FIG. 1 from, so use some of the same or functionally similar elements already described there. In this regard, reference is also made to FIG. 1 to avoid repetitions. Otherwise, functionally identical or functionally similar elements regularly have the same reference symbols in all drawings.

The self-loading pistol shown in Fig. 3a has the locking described above according to the Colt-Browning system and has the main parts of the handle 12, the movable locking member 6 and the pivotable barrel 2. The barrel 2 sits in a recess in the closure part 6 and penetrates on the mouth side, a guide bore 30 in the front end 32 of the closure part 6. The rear barrel section 8, which is designed as a cartridge chamber, rests with its rear end on the butt plate 4 and with a shoulder formed at its front end on an abutment 34 of the closure part 6.

In the handle 12, a spring guide rod 36 is arranged longitudinally displaceably below the barrel 2 and parallel to this. Its front end passes through a guide bore 38 in the mouth-side closure part end 32. The closure spring 16 sits on the spring guide rod 36 and is supported with its front end against the front closure part end 32 and with its rear end against a bearing part 40 fixed to the housing. It can be seen that the breech spring 16 seeks to move the breech 6 to the ready-to-fire position; further that it is compressed during the return or opening movement of the closure part 6.

The rear end of the spring guide rod 36 is supported with its underside on the surface of the bearing part 40 and can slide back and forth there for a limited distance. An elongated, generally trough-shaped recess 42 in the underside of the rear spring guide rod end limits the longitudinal displaceability of the spring guide rod 36 on both sides in conjunction with a cross bolt 44 fixed to the housing. The bottom 46 of the recess 42 forms a guide surface which is delimited at the front by the front side wall and at the rear by the rear side wall of the recess 42. These side walls are also called the front end stop 48 and the rear end stop 50 in the following. Near the rear end stop 50, the bottom 46 has a flat depression 52 which is precisely adapted to the periphery of the cross bolt 44. The recess 52 serves to stabilize the position of the spring guide rod 36 and the cross bolt 44 in different operating states of the firearm, in particular in the ready state for firing.

The rear end of the spring guide rod 36 has on its upper side, ie the side facing the barrel 2, a barrel stop 54 provided with a control profile. The running approach 18 facing it is provided with a complementary control profile. The two control profiles together lead to curve control based on the Colt Browning principle. For this purpose, the barrel extension 18 has an extension 56 in the form of a half dovetail, the rear surface of which forms the release bevel 20. If the barrel 2 and the closure part 6 are driven backwards by the recoil, then the unlocking bevel 20 of the extension 56 slides down along a complementary unlocking bevel 20 'of the barrel stop 54 downward into a further recess 58 provided in the barrel stop 54 Barrel 2 unlocked in a known manner from the closure part 6. The unlocked position can be seen in FIGS. 3b to 3e.

The running extension 18 has a further extension 59 with the locking bevel 22 which is offset to the rear relative to the extension 56. The locking bevel 22 and the unlocking bevel 20 are substantially parallel to each other and delimit an oblique groove. The locking bevel 22 of the extension 59 interacts with a locking bevel 22 'on the rear end face of the barrel stop 54. In the unlocked state (FIGS. 3b to 3e), the web of the barrel stop 54 delimited by the unlocking and locking slopes 20 'and 22' sits in the above-mentioned groove (between the unlocking and locking slopes 20 and 22) of the barrel extension 18 .

If the closure member 6 pushes the barrel 2 back into the fire-ready position during its forward or closing movement, then the two locking bevels 22 and 22 'slide one above the other and thereby push the barrel 2 back up into its locked position. In this position, the free end surface of the extension 59 rests on the web surface of the barrel stop 54 facing it. At the same time, the front end of the extension 56 bears against a corresponding boundary surface of the recess 58.

According to FIGS. 3a-3e there is an elongated hole 60 in the spring guide rod 36. In this elongated hole a pin bolt 62 is mounted in a longitudinally displaceable manner. The pin bolt 62 passes through a bush 64 which is displaceably pushed on the spring guide rod 36 and is in a form-fitting connection therewith. The bushing 64 is subjected to the force of a buffer spring 66 which is supported with its front end against the bushing 64. With its rear end, the buffer spring 66, like the closing spring 16, is supported against the bearing part 40 fixed to the housing. The buffer spring 66 loads the bushing 64 so that the pin bolt 62 bears against the front end of the elongated hole 60. As a result, the spring guide rod 36 is also under a prestress, but is prevented from moving forward by the fact that its rear end stop 50 rests on the cross bolt 44.

The barrel 2 and the locking part 6 locked with it cannot move forward from this position under the action of the locking spring 16. The front surface of the barrel extension 56 lies against the front boundary surface of the spring guide rod recess 58.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, the closure spring 16 surrounds the buffer spring 66 and the bushing 64. The front end face of the bushing 64 serves as a closure stop, that is to say as a stop for the front closure part end 32.

In principle, the buffer spring could also be arranged between the handle 12 and the rear free end of the spring guide rod 36 and a locking stop could sit on the spring guide rod 36, approximately at the height of the bushing 64.

The operation of the locked self-loading pistol shown will now be described with reference to FIGS. 3a to 3e. For reasons of better clarity, only the reference numerals directly addressed there are shown in FIGS. 3b to 3e.

Fig. 3a shows the gun in the locked fire ready position. The unlocking slope 20 on the barrel extension 18 is offset relative to the unlocking slope 20 'on the barrel stop 54 by the locking distance to the front, that is to say by the distance that the barrel 2 and the closure part 6 travel together during the unlocking process.

If fired now, then the barrel 2 and the closure part 6 move together backwards until the two unlocking bevels 20 and 20 'come into mutual engagement, the unlocking bevel 20 then on the Unlocking slope 20 'slides down and finally the extension 56 is fully in the barrel stop 54. The tilting movement that the run 2 has carried out in this phase is sufficient to release the engagement on the system 34 between the rear run section 8 and the closure part 6 (FIG. 3b).

The closure part 6 can now move further to the rear independently of the barrel 2, that is to say continue its opening movement, with its front end 32 being supported on the closure spring 16 (FIG. 3c).

While the closure part 6 moves backwards, the barrel 2, which is also still in motion and is now hooked to the spring guide rod 36, takes the spring guide rod 36 backwards, against the action of the buffer spring 66. The stabilizing engagement between the cross bolt 44 is thereby released and the recess 52. The flat bottom 46 of the elongated recess 42 comes onto the cross bolt 44 and slides back over it. Here, the buffer spring 66 is compressed further.

In this phase, the buffered barrel stop 54 gently catches the barrel extension 18. This soft catching phase lasts at most until at most the front end stop 48 of the recess 42 runs up against the transverse bolt 44. The spring guide rod 36 has then been moved backwards against the force of the buffer spring 66 by a maximum of the amount of the elongated recess 42. At the same time, the buffer spring 66 has been compressed accordingly. The spring guide rod 36 and the barrel 2 hooked to it have come to a standstill. However, the closure member 6 continues its return movement.

The buffer spring 66 now presses the spring guide rod 36 (via the bushing 64 and the non-positively connected to it) transversely extending pin bolts 62) forward again (Fig. 3d). The bottom 46 of the elongated recess 42 now slides in the forward direction over the cross bolt 44 until the rear end stop 50 and the depression 52 bear against the cross bolt 44. The barrel stop 54 of the spring guide rod 36 hooked to the barrel extension 18 takes the barrel 2 forward again.

The closure part 6, on the other hand, sets its return, i.e. its opening motion continues. The upper side of the rear barrel section 8 slides along the upper inner wall of the closure part 6.

As can be seen from a comparison of FIGS. 3c to 3e, the engagement between the top of the barrel and the upper closure inner wall causes the tilting angle between the core axis of the barrel 2 and the longitudinal axis of the closure part 6 to increase the further the closure part 6 in the direction towards it the rear end position moves back.

From Fig. 3d it can also be seen that the barrel 2 is tilted so far with the closure part 6 that the barrel extension 18 rests on the rear end of the spring guide rod 36, and the cross bolt 44 and the recess 52 safely come into their mutual stabilization engagement .

In this position, the front end 32 of the closure part 6 meets the front end face of the closure stop, i.e. the socket 64. The socket 64 is in its foremost position (Fig. 3d), which is determined by the engagement of the pin bolt 62 in the slot 60, i. the pin bolt 62 lies against the front end of the elongated hole 60.

Now the buffer spring 66 again acts as a damping spring, now together with the locking spring 16: the front one Closing part end 32 pushes the bushing 64 back against the force of the buffer spring 66, at most as far back as is possible through the engagement between the pin bolt 62 and the elongated hole 60 (FIG. 3e). The spring guide rod 36 remains in its position determined by the stabilization intervention and hooked into the barrel 2. - In practice, the above-mentioned maximum distance is preferably not fully covered, but the residual impulse of the closure part 6 is absorbed softly from start to finish, i.e. solely by the buffer spring 64 and the inert mass of the bushing 64 and of course also by the closure spring 16.

After completion of this soft buffering operation, the closure part 6 strives back to its front starting position, driven by the closure spring 16; initially also from the buffer spring 66. The closing part 6 now takes the uppermost cartridge from the magazine (both are not shown in the figures) during its closing movement and introduces it into the cartridge chamber in the rear barrel section 8.

As soon as the butt plate 4 has reached the barrel 2 again, it pushes it around the locking track via the locking bevels 22 (on the extension 59 of the barrel extension 18) and 22 '(on the barrel stop 54) upwards and forwards, in this way long until the front end face of the extension 56 abuts against the front boundary wall of the upper recess 58 (in the rear section of the spring guide rod 36). In this position, the free end of the truncated pyramid-like extension 59 facing the barrel stop 54 sits snugly on the free surface section of the barrel stop 54 facing it. It is thus ensured that the barrel 2 always assumes the same position relative to the sighting device seated on the closure part 6. The fire standby position is restored (Fig. 3a).

The buffer spring 66 is a common buffer device for the barrel stop 54 and the lock stop, i.e. the socket 64. The embodiment of FIGS. 3a to 3e is designed so that the buffer spring 66 first catches the barrel 2 softly along the buffer path, then moves it back again forward via the buffer path, then the closure part 6 soft catches and finally this also moved back a bit forward. It is precisely in this that the device according to the invention differs from conventional locked self-loading pistols. Otherwise, the return movement of the closure part 6 can be extended by the length of the elongated hole 60 compared to the known pistols. However, it can also be advantageous that the closure part 6 (with its front end 32) already abuts the socket 64 when the return path required for the reloading process has not yet been completely covered. It should also be taken into account that the gentle braking of the closure part 6 at the end of the return movement takes more time than the reversal of movement of the closure part of a conventional self-loading pistol, in which the closure part impacts against a fixed end stop. That section of the return movement that was previously required to give sufficient time for the cartridges to advance in the magazine can thus be at least partially eliminated in the self-loading pistol according to the invention.

The self-loading pistol described can be modified in details within the scope of the invention. So the guide surfaces and stop surfaces do not necessarily have to be formed on the underside of the barrel. They can also be grooves or webs on both sides of the barrel. Likewise, the functions of the recess 42, the base 46 serving as a guide surface, the transverse bolt 44 and the recess 52 can be performed by control cams which can be formed on both sides of the barrel on the barrel, on the handle and / or on the closure part.

4, the embodiment of FIG. 3 can be modified in that the bushing 64 'is fixedly connected to the spring guide rod 36, so that the elongated hole 60 of the previous embodiment is omitted. The exemplary embodiment of FIG. 4 is only shown in one operating state, namely that in which it differs from the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 3. This state corresponds to the operating state of FIG. 3e.

In contrast to the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 3e, the front closure part end 32 not only takes along the bushing 64 'on its way back. It also takes the spring guide rod 36 backwards via the pin bolt 62 '. The stabilizing engagement between the transverse bolt 44 and the recess 52 is released again. The flat bottom 46 of the elongated recess 42 comes onto the transverse bolt 44 and slides back over it. This second catching phase lasts at most until at most the front end stop 48 of the recess 42 runs against the transverse bolt 44 - similar to that in FIG. 3c. However, the end stop 48 preferably does not strike the cross bolt 44.

The barrel stop 54 hooked to the barrel extension 18 in this phase takes the barrel 2 with it when it moves backward.

The residual pulse of the closure part 6 is thus absorbed by the closure spring 16, the buffer spring 66 and the inert masses of the bushing 64 ', the spring guide rod 36 and the barrel 2.

The inclusion of the inertial masses of the barrel 2 and the spring guide rod 36 in the absorption of the residual pulse enables a softer design of the buffer spring 66.

After completion of this second soft buffering process, the closure part 6 strives back to its front starting position - as in the embodiment of FIG. 3a.

Experiments carried out with the embodiment of FIG. 4 have resulted in a subjectively very pleasant recoil.

Claims (11)

1. Hand-held fire-arm

   - with a grip (12) that, as a result of the recoil of a discharged cartridge leads a breechblock-mechanism part (6) movably along a movement path against the force of a breech-closing spring arrangement (16) between a forward firing position, in which it borders on a movably mounted barrel (2), and a rear opening position,

   - with a locking arrangement engaging between the barrel (2) and the breechblock-mechanism part (6) which in the firing position and only during an initial section of the movement stage joins the barrel (2) and the breechblock-mechanism part (6) rigidly to one another such that after passage through this initial section, the breechblock-mechanism part (6) continues to follow its movement path while the barrel (2) comes to a stop,

   - with a breechblock spring (16) constructed as a helical spring,

   -- which is supported by its ends, at the front on the breechblock-mechanism part through which it passes and, at the rear on the frame constructed as a hand-held fire-arm grip (12),

   and

   -- which is led under the barrel on a guide rod (36), essentially parallel to the latter, which carries a barrel limit stop (54) at its rearward end, and

   - with a barrel extension (18) constructed on the barrel such that on the latter and on the barrel limit stop (54) a complementary curved control mechanism is constructed for releasing the barrel (2) from the engagement with the breechblock-mechanism part (6) on reaching the end of the initial section of the movement path,

   characterised in that the spring guide rod (36) is arranged in longitudinally movable manner and is supported on a buffer spring (66) which allows the barrel (2), after the latter together with the breechblock-mechanism part (6) has traversed the initial section of the movement path and been released by the locking arrangement from the engagement with the breechblock-mechanism part (6), to move further by a buffer distance and thus buffers it with respect to the grip (12).
2. Fire-arm according to claim 1, characterised in that the buffer spring (66) sits within the breechblock spring (16) on the spring guide rod (36) and is supported by its front end on a projection (sleeve 64; 64') of the spring guide rod (36) and by its rearward end jointly with the breechblock spring (16) on the grip (12).
3. Fire-arm according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the rearward end of the spring guide rod (36) is provided on its under side facing away from the barrel (2) with a guide surface (42, 46) which works together with a guide element (44) arranged in a fixed position on the grip (12).
4. Fire-arm according to claim 3, characterised in that the guide surface is constructed as a guide recess (42).
5. Fire-arm according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that the guide element is a transverse pin (44).
6. Fire-arm according to claim 4 and 5, characterised in that the transverse pin (44) rests in a bearing part (40) fixed to the housing, the buffer spring (66) and the breechblock spring (16) are supported on the front end of the bearing part (40) and the sections of the spring guide rod (36) located on both sides of the guide recess (42) slide on the surface of the bearing part (40) facing them.
7. Fire-arm according to any of the claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the buffer spring is so laid out that it moves the barrel (2), after it has traversed the buffer distance towards the rear, back through this again towards the front, before the breechblock-mechanism part (6) has reached the rearward end of the movement distance.
8. Fire-arm according to any of the claims 2 to 7, characterised in that the projection is constructed as a sleeve (64; 64') whose front end forms a limit stop for the breechblock-mechanism part (6) at the rearward end of the movement distance.
9. Fire-arm according to claim 8, characterised in that the sleeve (64) is arranged on the spring guide rod (36) to be displaceable over a limited distance so that in its rest position it is pushed towards the front by the buffer spring (66).
10. Fire-arm according to claim 8, characterised in that the sleeve (64') is rigidly connected to the spring guide rod (36).
11. Fire-arm according to any of the claims 2 to 10, characterised in that the guide recess (42) comprises a depression (52) on its rearward end in which the guiding transverse pin (44) engages in its rest position.

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