EP0505917A2 - Gun, especially hand gun - Google Patents

Abstract

Locked self-loading pistol, in which the recoil-related pulse output of the barrel (2) is buffered. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a firearm, in particular to a handgun with a movably mounted barrel, which absorbs at least part of the launch recoil and delivers it to a first force transducer in whole or in part after passing through a predetermined first running distance (preamble of claim 1).

In the following, an appointment logic is used which makes the description easier to read, but is not to be understood as restrictive. For example, the terms "top", "bottom", "front", "rear", "cross", etc. refer to a device of the type specified above, which is held in the usual working position; for example on a pistol in the usual stroke when shooting sporty precision. The terminology mentioned includes the words mentioned above and derivatives of these words and words of similar meaning. Thus, the front part of the device is the part which faces the target of the projectile-like objects, that is to say the target in the case of a firearm. The longitudinal direction of the device coincides with the weft direction.

Devices of the type mentioned, in particular firearms, are known, for example as bolt guns or as handguns according to the Colt Browning system, in particular for firing powerful cartridges (Waffenjournal, 1979, Issue 7, S 908-910).

For a better understanding of the starting point of the invention, known pistols of the type mentioned at the outset are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. These weapons are so-called locked self-loading pistols.

In the fire readiness position, a pivotable tube, referred to below as barrel 2, bears against a push floor 4 of a closure part 6. The rear barrel section 8, which is designed as a cartridge chamber, has on its upper side locking lugs 10 which engage in corresponding grooves in the closure part 6 and rigidly connect the barrel 2 to the closure part 6 before the shot.

In addition, such pistols have a handle 12, the handle (not shown here) of which regularly surrounds a magazine slot for receiving an exchangeable magazine. The closure part 6 is slidably mounted on the handle 12. When a shot is fired, the projectile is accelerated in the forward direction. The known recoil, which drives the barrel 2 together with the closure part 6 to the rear, arises in accordance with the pulse conservation set. The closure part 6 then performs a return or opening movement in the longitudinal direction from the ready-to-fire position to a closure stop 14 fixed to the housing, against the action of a closure spring 16 arranged below and essentially parallel to the barrel 2.

In Fig. 1, the rear barrel section 8 carries on its underside a barrel extension 18 with a cam which is essentially composed of an unlocking curve 20 and a locking curve 22.

When firing, the barrel 2 and the closure part 6 cover the path s together. Thereafter, the barrel 2 is brought out of engagement with the closure part 6 with the cooperation of a control bolt 24 (FIG. 1) which comes into engagement with the unlocking curve 20 or through the action of chain links 26 (FIG. 2). The closure part 6 then continues to its housing-fixed closure stop 14 alone, reverses and is accelerated forward again by the closure spring 16, thus executing a forward or closing movement.

During this closing advance, a new cartridge is fed from the magazine to the cartridge chamber of barrel 2. Thereafter, the barrel 2 is pivoted upwards via the control elements described and brought into locking again with the closure part 6. Following this, the barrel 2 and the closure part 6 slide forward together until the barrel extension 18 strikes a cross bolt 28 fixed to the housing and the barrel 2 together with the closure part 6 comes to a standstill in the fire readiness position.

After igniting the cartridge, the process described is repeated again.

There are a very large number of constructive variants of the Colt Browning system described above; All variants are in accordance with a run which, when it moves backwards together with the closure part, pivots at least with its rear section downward and thereby releases the closure part.

As is known, the recoil of the known generic firearms is perceived as annoying and often painful. This is especially true for handguns of strong caliber, in which the recoil is transmitted from the housing to the shooting hand. When several shots are fired in quick succession, the recoils annoy the shooter and affect the result of the hit.

It is already known to reduce recoil-related impairments of the operator in that the closure part does not run directly onto a force transducer fixed to the housing after passing through a running distance, but rather via a buffer device.

For example, US Pat. No. 4,031,808 (RAVILLE) describes a self-loading pistol according to the Colt Browning system with a chain link. The chain link releases the barrel from its locking with the closure part in a known manner as soon as the barrel has passed the locking path in the rearward direction. The closure part first gives its recoil via a closure spring and, after passing through a running distance, via an air cylinder / piston arrangement to a force transducer fixed to the housing.

Furthermore, the CH-PS 494 384 (Heckler & Koch) also describes a self-loading pistol, with a closure part, which runs back against the closure spring and after running through a running distance against a buffer device. The closure part, the barrel and the buffer device are elements of the self-loading mechanism.

Finally, DE 87 09 139 U1 (PETERS) also describes a self-loading pistol based on the Colt system. The barrel of this self-loading pistol has a barrel extension which slides with a control surface onto a ramp surface of a control piece fixed to the housing and thereby cancels its previous locking with the closure part. The control piece is with a guide rod for the locking spring connected, wherein the guide rod and the locking spring are below the barrel.

The invention aims to further develop a firearm of the type mentioned at the outset while maintaining as far as possible its previous advantages, in particular in that its recoil-related impairments to the operator are further reduced.

This object is achieved by the subject matter of claim 1, that is to say in that the generic device has a first device for buffered recoil transmission from the barrel to the first force transducer.

After running through a predetermined first running distance, the run no longer immediately and abruptly delivers the recoil component it receives to a part of the device which is fixed to the housing, but gradually, that is to say extended in time and thus significantly reduced in amount. This protects the operator and the device itself.

The buffer device according to the invention is preferably used in a firearm which has a magazine shaft for receiving several projectiles and a self-loading mechanism which automatically introduces a projectile into a projectile barrel after each projectile. The barrel, the first force transducer and the first buffer device are then elements of the self-loading mechanism (claim 2).

In the case of self-loading firearms of the type mentioned, it is known per se and also advantageous here to provide a movably mounted breech part which also receives part of the launch recoil and, after passing through a second predetermined running distance, releases it in whole or in part to a second force transducer. This will make the annoying effect of the recoil is further reduced (claim 3).

As is customary, for example, with locked self-loading firearms, the barrel and the breech are preferably releasably locked together, pass through the first barrel together and are then unlocked with the cooperation of the first force transducer. Investigations by the applicant have shown that there is often a strong impulse transmission when the barrel is unlocked from the closure part. The buffering of the force absorption of the first force transducer thus reduces precisely this, particularly unpleasant "unlocking shock" (claim 4).

A second device for buffered recoil release from the closure part to the second force transducer is particularly preferably provided, which leads to a further reduction in the amount of the current recoil pulse delivery and is also known per se (claim 5).

The structural complexity of the device is kept relatively low in that the first and second force transducers are buffered by the same buffer device. The resulting reduction in the required components also leads to a corresponding reduction in the external dimensions of the device (claim 6).

According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the firearm is a locked self-loading firearm, in particular a handgun. The first force transducer is designed as a running stop. The remaining parts are essentially known from the Colt Browning system. Unlike the Colt Browning system, the barrel stop is cushioned. Instead or in addition, the run approach running onto the barrel stop is also buffered. The soft catch of the unlocking shock achieved in this way leads to a particularly gentle weapon operation and high accuracy (claim 7).

In a further embodiment of the invention, the second force transducer is also implemented as a spring-loaded lock stop. Instead or in addition, the element of the closure part that runs onto the closure stop is also designed to be soft and resilient. Through these measures, the remaining return energy of the closure part is softly transferred to the handle (claim 8).

A further preferred embodiment of the invention additionally has a locking spring which is known per se and which sits on a spring guide rod which is arranged under the barrel and essentially parallel to it. In contrast to the known Colt-Browning system, however, the spring guide rod is arranged to be longitudinally movable against the action of a buffer spring designed as a buffer device, and the rear end of the spring guide rod is designed as a running stop. This measure has the following advantages, among others: there are various possibilities for attaching the buffer spring, which is preferably designed as a compression spring; the size of the usual Colt-Browning construction is not increased by the additional buffer spring (claim 11).

The buffer spring is particularly preferably seated within the locking spring on the spring guide rod and is supported with its front end on a projection of the spring guide rod and with its rear end together with the locking spring on the housing or handle. This measure reduces the structural changes to achieve an improved self-loading pistol to a minimum (claim 12).

In a further preferred embodiment, the rear end of the spring guide rod has on its underside a guide surface, in particular in the form of a recess, which interacts with a stationary guide element, for example connected to the handle, in particular a cross bolt. As a result, the spring guide rod is optimally guided with little structural effort, which is preferably supported by the fact that it extends through a guide channel in the front end of the closure part. An additional guide is preferably achieved in that the rear end of the spring guide rod slides on both sides of the guide recess on a bearing part which also receives the guide cross pin (claims 13 to 16).

According to a further preferred embodiment, the buffer spring also serves to buffer the closure stop. For this purpose, the projection on which the front end of the buffer spring is supported is preferably designed as a bushing, the front end of which forms the closure stop. The bush is either immovable on the spring guide rod or displaceable for a limited distance so that it is pressed forward by the buffer spring in the rest position. A rigid attachment of the socket to the spring guide rod has the advantage that the closure part is not only intercepted by the buffer spring on the return via the socket, but additionally also the inertial masses of the returning spring guide rod and the barrel entrained by it act as a brake. If, on the other hand, the bushing is slidably arranged on the spring guide rod, only the buffer spring and the inert mass of the bushing catch the lock, apart from the locking spring. For this, the buffer spring must be made harder than in the case of the stuck bush. In addition, the buffer spring is designed in such a way that, after it has run onto the barrel stop and has passed through the buffer section, it moves back again (via the buffer section) to the front before the closure part has reached the closure stop (socket) (claims 17 to 20).

A stable rest position of the cross pin and the spring guide rod are promoted in that the guide cross pin engages in a recess at the rear end of the guide recess (claim 21).

Further preferred features of the invention result from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments. These exemplary embodiments are shown schematically in the accompanying drawing, which also illustrates the prior art already described.

Fig. 1a bis 1c

ein bekanntes Colt-Browning-System mit Steuerkurve und Steuerbolzen in unterschiedlichen Betriebszuständen;

Fig. 2a bis 2c

ein weiteres bekanntes System mit einer Laufkettensteuerung in unterschiedlichen Betriebszuständen;

Fig. 3a

einen Vertikalschnitt durch ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung in Feuerbereitschaftslage;

Fig. 3b bis 3e

weitere Betriebszustände des Ausführungsbeispiels der Fig. 3a;

Fig. 4

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel in einem der Fig. 3e entsprechenden Betriebszustand.

The drawing shows:

1a to 1c

a well-known Colt-Browning system with control cam and control pin in different operating states;

2a to 2c

another known system with a crawler control in different operating states;

Fig. 3a

a vertical section through a first embodiment of the invention in fire readiness position;

3b to 3e

further operating states of the embodiment of Fig. 3a;

Fig. 4

a further embodiment in an operating state corresponding to FIG. 3e.

The known locked self-loading pistols shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 have already been described in the introduction, so that reference can be made to the representation there.

The exemplary embodiments shown in FIGS. 3a to 3e are based on the Colt Browning system shown in FIG. 1 from, so use some of the same or functionally similar elements already described there. In this regard, reference is also made to FIG. 1 to avoid repetitions. Otherwise, functionally identical or functionally similar elements regularly bear the same reference symbols in all drawings.

The self-loading pistol shown in Fig. 3a has the locking described above according to the Colt-Browning system and has the main parts of the handle 12, the movable locking member 6 and the pivotable barrel 2. The barrel 2 sits in a recess in the closure part 6 and penetrates on the mouth side, a guide bore 30 in the front end 32 of the closure part 6. The rear barrel section 8, which is designed as a cartridge chamber, rests with its rear end on the butt plate 4 and with a shoulder formed at its front end on a system 34 of the closure part 6.

In the handle 12, a spring guide rod 36 is arranged longitudinally displaceably below the barrel 2 and parallel to this. The front end passes through a guide bore 38 in the mouth-side closure part end 32. The closure spring 16 sits on the spring guide rod 36 and is supported with its front end against the front closure part end 32 and with its rear end against a bearing part 40 fixed to the housing. It can be seen that the breech spring 16 seeks to move the breech 6 into the ready-to-fire position; further that it is compressed during the return or opening movement of the closure part 6.

The rear end of the spring guide rod 36 is supported with its underside on the surface of the bearing part 40 and can slide back and forth there for a limited distance. An elongated, generally trough-shaped recess 42 in the underside of the rear spring guide rod end limits the longitudinal displaceability of the spring guide rod 36 on both sides in conjunction with a cross bolt 44 fixed to the housing. The bottom 46 of the recess 42 forms a guide surface which is limited at the front by the front side wall and at the rear by the rear side wall of the recess 42. These side walls are also called the front end stop 48 and the rear end stop 50 in the following. Near the rear end stop 50, the bottom 46 has a shallow depression 52 which is precisely adapted to the periphery of the cross bolt 44. The recess 52 serves to stabilize the position of the spring guide rod 36 and the cross bolt 44 in different operating states of the firearm, in particular in the ready state for firing.

The rear end of the spring guide rod 36 has on its upper side, ie the side facing the barrel 2, a barrel stop 54 provided with a control profile. The running approach 18 facing it is provided with a complementary control profile. The two control profiles together lead to curve control based on the Colt Browning principle. For this purpose, the extension 18 has an extension 56 in the form of a half dovetail, the rear surface of which forms the release bevel 20. If the barrel 2 and the closure part 6 are driven backwards by the recoil, then the unlocking slope 20 of the extension 56 slides down along a complementary unlocking slope 20 'of the barrel stop 54 down into a further recess 58 provided in the barrel stop 54 Barrel 2 unlocked in a known manner from the closure part 6. The unlocked position can be seen in FIGS. 3b to 3e.

The running extension 18 has a further extension 59 with the locking bevel 22 which is offset to the rear relative to the extension 56. The locking bevel 22 and the unlocking bevel 20 are substantially parallel to each other and define an oblique groove. The locking bevel 22 of the extension 59 interacts with a locking bevel 22 'on the rear end face of the barrel stop 54. In the unlocked state (FIGS. 3b to 3e), the web of the barrel stop 54 delimited by the unlocking and locking slopes 20 'and 22' sits in the above-mentioned groove (between the unlocking and locking slopes 20 and 22) of the barrel extension 18 .

When the closure member 6 pushes the barrel 2 back into the fire-ready position during its advancing or closing movement, the two locking bevels 22 and 22 'slide over one another and thereby push the barrel 2 back up into its locked position. In this position, the free end surface of the extension 59 rests on the web surface of the barrel stop 54 facing it. At the same time, the front end of the extension 56 bears against a corresponding boundary surface of the recess 58.

According to FIGS. 3a-3e there is an elongated hole 60 in the spring guide rod 36. A pin bolt 62 is mounted in this elongated hole so as to be longitudinally displaceable. The pin bolt 62 passes through a bush 64 which is displaceably pushed on the spring guide rod 36 and is in a form-fitting connection therewith. The bushing 64 is subject to the force of a buffer spring 66 which is supported with its front end against the bushing 64. With its rear end, the buffer spring 66, like the closing spring 16, is supported against the bearing part 40 fixed to the housing. The buffer spring 66 loads the bushing 64 so that the pin bolt 62 bears against the front end of the elongated hole 60. As a result, the spring guide rod 36 is also under a prestress, but is prevented from moving forward by the fact that its rear end stop 50 rests on the cross bolt 44.

The barrel 2 and the locking part 6 locked with it cannot move forward from this position under the action of the locking spring 16. The front surface of the barrel extension 56 lies against the front boundary surface of the spring guide rod recess 58.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, the locking spring 16 surrounds the buffer spring 66 and the bushing 64. The front end face of the bushing 64 serves as a locking stop, ie as a stop for the front end 32 of the locking part.

In principle, the buffer spring could also be arranged between the handle 12 and the rear free end of the spring guide rod 36 and a locking stop could sit on the spring guide rod 36, approximately at the height of the bushing 64.

The mode of operation of the locked self-loading pistol shown will now be described with reference to FIGS. 3a to 3e. For reasons of better clarity, only the reference numerals directly addressed there are entered in FIGS. 3b to 3e.

Fig. 3a shows the gun in the locked fire ready position. The unlocking slope 20 on the barrel extension 18 is offset relative to the unlocking slope 20 'on the barrel stop 54 by the locking distance to the front, that is to say by the distance that the barrel 2 and the closure part 6 travel together during the unlocking process.

If fired now, then the barrel 2 and the closure part 6 move together backwards until the two unlocking bevels 20 and 20 'come into mutual engagement, the unlocking bevel 20 then on the Unlocking slope 20 'slides down and finally the extension 56 is fully in the barrel stop 54. The tilting movement carried out by the barrel 2 in this phase is sufficient to release the engagement on the system 34 between the rear barrel section 8 and the closure part 6 (FIG. 3b).

The closure part 6 can now move further to the rear independently of the barrel 2, that is to say continue its opening movement, with its front end 32 being supported on the closure spring 16 (FIG. 3c).

While the closure part 6 moves to the rear, the barrel 2, which is also still in motion and is now hooked to the spring guide rod 36, takes the spring guide rod 36 backwards, against the action of the buffer spring 66. The stabilizing engagement between the cross bolt 44 is thereby released and the recess 52. The flat bottom 46 of the elongated recess 42 reaches the cross bolt 44 and slides over it backwards. Here, the buffer spring 66 is compressed further.

In this phase, the buffered barrel stop 54 gently catches the barrel extension 18. This soft catching phase lasts at most until at most the front end stop 48 of the recess 42 runs against the transverse bolt 44. The spring guide rod 36 has then been moved backwards against the force of the buffer spring 66 by a maximum of the amount of the elongated recess 42. At the same time, the buffer spring 66 has been compressed accordingly. The spring guide rod 36 and the barrel 2 hooked to it have come to a standstill. However, the closure part 6 continues its return movement.

The buffer spring 66 now presses the spring guide rod 36 (via the bushing 64 and the frictionally connected to it transversely extending pin bolts 62) again to the front (Fig. 3d). The bottom 46 of the elongated recess 42 now slides in the forward direction over the cross bolt 44 until the rear end stop 50 and the recess 52 abut the cross bolt 44. The run stop 54 of the spring guide rod 36 hooked to the run attachment 18 takes the run 2 back to the front.

The closure part 6, on the other hand, sets its return, i.e. its opening motion continues. The upper side of the rear barrel section 8 slides along the upper inner wall of the closure part 6.

As can be seen from a comparison of FIGS. 3c to 3e, the engagement between the upper side of the barrel and the upper inner wall of the breech causes the tilting angle between the inner axis of the barrel 2 and the longitudinal axis of the breech part 6 to increase the further the breech part 6 towards it the rear end position moves back.

From Fig. 3d it can also be seen that the barrel 2 is tilted so far with the closure member 6 that the barrel extension 18 rests on the rear end of the spring guide rod 36, and the cross bolt 44 and the recess 52 safely come into their mutual stabilization engagement .

In this position, the front end 32 of the closure part 6 meets the front end face of the closure stop, i.e. the socket 64. The socket 64 is in its foremost position (Fig. 3d), which is determined by the engagement of the pin bolt 62 in the slot 60, i.e. the pin bolt 62 bears against the front end of the elongated hole 60.

Now the buffer spring 66 again acts as a damping spring, now together with the locking spring 16: the front one Closing part end 32 pushes the bushing 64 back against the force of the buffer spring 66, at most as far back as is possible through the engagement between the pin bolt 62 and the elongated hole 60 (FIG. 3e). The spring guide rod 36 remains in its position determined by the stabilization intervention and hooked with the barrel 2. - In practice, the above-mentioned maximum distance is preferably not fully covered, but the residual impulse of the closure part 6 is absorbed softly from the beginning to the end, that is to say solely by the buffer spring 64 and the inert mass of the bushing 64 and of course also by the closure spring 16.

After completion of this soft buffering operation, the closure part 6 strives back to its front starting position, driven by the closure spring 16; initially also from the buffer spring 66. The closing part 6 now takes the uppermost cartridge from the magazine (both are not shown in the figures) during its closing movement and introduces it into the cartridge chamber in the rear barrel section 8.

As soon as the butt plate 4 has reached the barrel 2 again, it pushes it around the locking track via the locking bevels 22 (on the extension 59 of the barrel extension 18) and 22 '(on the barrel stop 54) upwards and forwards, in this way long until the front end face of the extension 56 abuts against the front boundary wall of the upper recess 58 (in the rear section of the spring guide rod 36). In this position, the free end of the truncated pyramid-like extension 59 facing the barrel stop 54 sits snugly on the free surface section of the barrel stop 54 facing it. It is thus ensured that the barrel 2 always assumes the same position relative to the sighting device seated on the closure part 6. The fire standby position is restored (Fig. 3a).

The buffer spring 66 is a common buffer device for the barrel stop 54 and the lock stop, i.e. the socket 64. The embodiment of Fig. 3a to 3e is designed so that the buffer spring 66 first catches the barrel 2 softly along the buffer path, then moves it back over the buffer path forward, then the closure part 6 soft catches and finally this also moved back a bit forward. It is precisely in this that the device according to the invention differs from conventional locked self-loading pistols. Otherwise, the return movement of the closure part 6 can be extended by the length of the elongated hole 60 compared to the known pistols. However, it can also be advantageous that the closure part 6 (with its front end 32) already strikes the bushing 64 when the return path required for the reloading process has not yet been completely covered. It should also be taken into account that the gentle braking of the closure part 6 at the end of the return movement takes more time than the reversal of movement of the closure part of a conventional self-loading pistol, in which the closure part impacts against an end stop fixed to the housing. That section of the return movement that was previously required to give sufficient time for the cartridges to advance in the magazine can thus be at least partially eliminated in the self-loading pistol according to the invention.

The self-loading pistol described can be modified in details within the scope of the invention. The guide surfaces and stop surfaces do not necessarily have to be formed on the underside of the barrel. They can also be grooves or webs on both sides of the barrel. Likewise, the functions of the recess 42, of the base 46 serving as a guide surface, of the transverse bolt 44 and of the recess 52 can be performed by control cams which can be formed on both sides of the barrel on this, on the handle and / or on the closure part.

4, the embodiment of FIG. 3 can be modified in that the bushing 64 'is fixedly connected to the spring guide rod 36, so that the elongated hole 60 of the previous embodiment is omitted. The exemplary embodiment of FIG. 4 is only shown in one operating state, namely that in which it differs from the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 3. This state corresponds to the operating state of FIG. 3e.

In contrast to the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 3e, the front closure part end 32 not only takes along the bushing 64 'on its way back. It also takes the spring guide rod 36 to the rear via the pin bolt 62 '. The stabilizing engagement between the cross pin 44 and the recess 52 is released again. The flat bottom 46 of the elongated recess 42 comes onto the cross pin 44 and slides back over it. This second catching phase lasts at most until at most the front end stop 48 of the recess 42 runs against the transverse bolt 44 - similar to that in FIG. 3c. However, the end stop 48 preferably does not strike the cross bolt 44.

The barrel stop 54 hooked to the barrel extension 18 in this phase takes the barrel 2 with it when it moves backward.

The residual pulse of the closure part 6 is thus absorbed by the closure spring 16, the buffer spring 66 and the inert masses of the bushing 64 ', the spring guide rod 36 and the barrel 2.

The inclusion of the inertial masses of the barrel 2 and the spring guide rod 36 in the reception of the residual pulse enables a softer design of the buffer spring 66.

After completion of this second soft buffering process, the closure part 6 strives back to its front starting position - as in the embodiment of FIG. 3a.

Experiments carried out with the embodiment of FIG. 4 have resulted in a subjectively very pleasant recoil.

Claims (21)

Firearm, in particular a handgun with at least one movably mounted barrel (2) which receives at least part of the launch recoil and, after passing through a first barrel, delivers it in whole or in part to a first force transducer (54), characterized by a first device (66) for buffered transfer of recoil from the barrel (2) to the first force transducer (54; 64). Firearm according to claim 1 with a magazine shaft for receiving several projectiles and with a self-loading mechanism which automatically introduces a projectile into the barrel (2) after each shot, characterized in that the barrel (2), the first force transducer (54) and the first Buffer device (66) are elements of the self-loading mechanism. Firearm according to claim 2, characterized by a movably mounted breech part (6) which also receives part of the launch recoil and delivers it to a second force transducer (64) after passing through a second predetermined running distance. Firearm according to claim 3, characterized by such a design that the barrel (2) and the closure part (6) are releasably locked together, pass through the first barrel together and then unlocked from each other with the cooperation of the first force transducer (54). Firearm according to claim 3 or 4, characterized by a second device (66) for buffered recoil transfer from the breech part (6) to the second force transducer (64). Firearm according to Claim 5, characterized in that the first and second force transducers (54, 64) are buffered by the same buffer device (66). Firearm according to one of claims 4 to 6, namely locked self-loading firearm with the following features: a) it has a housing including a magazine slot; b) the closure part (6) is designed and arranged in such a way that when it is fired it performs a return or opening movement over the magazine shaft to a rear reversal point and then a forward or closing movement into a fire-ready position; c) the barrel (2) is locked in the ready-to-fire position with the closure part (6), performs the initial phase of the opening movement together with it, runs on the first force transducer (54) after passing through the first running distance (locking distance), is thereby unlocked , releases the closure part (6) for loading and finally returns together after loading with the closure part (6) back to the fire readiness position; and d) the first force transducer is a sprung barrel stop (54) and the part of the barrel (2) that runs onto it is an - if necessary sprung - barrel extension (18). Firearm according to Claim 7, characterized in that the second force transducer is a spring-loaded breech stop (64) and / or the part of the breech part (6) which bounces on it is sprung. Firearm according to claim 7 or 8, characterized by an additional breech spring (16), such that the breech part (6) performs its return or opening movement against the breech spring action and its forward or closing movement under the breech spring action. Firearm according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that a) the barrel (2) is pivotally mounted in the closure part (6), wherein a.1) the front barrel section is supported by the closure part (6) and a.2) the rear barrel section (8) can be lowered when it runs onto the barrel stop (54); and b) the barrel extension (18) and the barrel stop (54) have mutually complementary elements of a cam control, under the effect of which the barrel (2) is guided out of its locking engagement with the closure part (6) and later reinserted therein. Firearm according to claim 10, characterized in that a) the locking spring (16) a.1) is designed as a coil spring, a.2) sits on a guide rod (36) which is essentially parallel to the barrel (2) and a.3) its ends are supported at the front on the front (32) of the closure part (6) and at the rear on the housing or on the handle (12); b) the barrel stop (54) is formed at the rear end of the spring guide rod (36);
and c) the spring guide rod (36) is arranged to be longitudinally movable against the action of a buffer spring (66). Firearm according to claim 11, characterized in that the buffer spring (66) sits within the breech spring (16) on the spring guide rod (36), with its front end on a projection (socket 64; 64 ') of the spring guide rod (36) and itself is supported at its rear end together with the locking spring (16) on the housing or handle (12). Firearm according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the rear end of the spring guide rod (36) is provided on its underside (facing away from the barrel (2)) with a guide surface (42, 46) which is provided with a stationary, in particular with the handle (12) connected, guide element (44) cooperates. Firearm according to claim 13, characterized in that the guide surface is designed as a recess (42). Firearm according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the guide element is a cross bolt (44). Firearm according to Claims 14 and 15, characterized in that the cross bolt (44) rests in a bearing part (40) fixed to the housing, the buffer spring (66) and the breech spring (16) are supported on the front end of the bearing part (40) and on both sides sections of the spring guide rod (36) located in the guide recess (42) slide on the surface of the bearing part (40) facing them. Firearm according to one of Claims 11 to 16, characterized by such a design that the buffer spring (66) moves the barrel (2) back forward over the buffer path after it has covered the buffer path before the breech part (6) Lock stop (64) has reached. Firearm according to one of Claims 12 to 17, characterized in that the projection is designed as a socket (64; 64 '), the front end of which forms the breech stop. Firearm according to Claim 18, characterized in that the bush (64) is displaceably arranged on the spring guide rod (36) for a limited distance (60) in such a way that in its rest position it is pressed forward by the buffer spring (66). Firearm according to claim 18, characterized in that the bush (64 ') is fixedly connected to the spring guide rod (36). Firearm according to one of claims 14 to 20, characterized in that the guide recess (42) has at its rear end a recess (52) into which the guide cross bolt (44) engages in the rest position.

Images