EP0499793B1 - Synthetische Schmieröle - Google Patents
Synthetische Schmieröle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0499793B1 EP0499793B1 EP92100772A EP92100772A EP0499793B1 EP 0499793 B1 EP0499793 B1 EP 0499793B1 EP 92100772 A EP92100772 A EP 92100772A EP 92100772 A EP92100772 A EP 92100772A EP 0499793 B1 EP0499793 B1 EP 0499793B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- group
- esters
- carbonic acid
- lubricating oil
- groups
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 0 CC1*CCCC1 Chemical compound CC1*CCCC1 0.000 description 2
- GDOPTJXRTPNYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC1CCCC1 Chemical compound CC1CCCC1 GDOPTJXRTPNYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
- C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
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- C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
- C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
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- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
- C10M105/32—Esters
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- C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
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- C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
- C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M107/30—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C10M107/34—Polyoxyalkylenes
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- C10M111/00—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential
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- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
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- C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2211/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only
- C10M2211/022—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only aliphatic
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2211/06—Perfluorinated compounds
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M2223/042—Metal salts thereof
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M2223/043—Ammonium or amine salts thereof
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- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
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- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/30—Refrigerators lubricants or compressors lubricants
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- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/32—Wires, ropes or cables lubricants
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- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/34—Lubricating-sealants
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- C10N2040/36—Release agents or mold release agents
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- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/38—Conveyors or chain belts
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/40—Generators or electric motors in oil or gas winning field
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/42—Flashing oils or marking oils
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/44—Super vacuum or supercritical use
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/50—Medical uses
Definitions
- This invention relates to the use of a synthetic lubricating oil which comprises a specific carbonic acid ester as a major component (a base oil) and an epoxy compound as a lubricating oil for refrigerators and the like (the oil being hereinafter referred to as "a refrigerator oil”), wherein a hydrogen-containing halogenocarbon and/or a hydrogen-free halogenocarbon is used as the refrigerant.
- a synthetic lubricating oil which comprises a specific carbonic acid ester as a major component (a base oil) and an epoxy compound as a lubricating oil for refrigerators and the like (the oil being hereinafter referred to as "a refrigerator oil”), wherein a hydrogen-containing halogenocarbon and/or a hydrogen-free halogenocarbon is used as the refrigerant.
- naphthenic mineral oils paraffinic mineral oils, alkylbenzenes, polyglycolic oils and mixtures thereof, which have each a kinematic viscosity of 10-200 cSt at 40°C, as well as said oils incorporated with suitable additives, have been used as refrigerator oils.
- chlorofluorocarbon type refrigerants such as CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-115 and HCFC-22, have been used as such for refrigerators.
- CFCS those such as CFC-11, CFC-12 and CFC- 115, which are obtained by substituting all the hydrogen atoms of their hydrocarbons by halogen atoms including chlorine atoms, may lead to the destruction of the ozone layer, and, therefore, the use of the CFCS has been restricted. Accordingly, hydrogen-containing halogenocarbons, particularly chlorine-free type halogenocarbons such as HFC-32, HFC-134a and HFC-152a, have been being used as substitutes for CFCS.
- HFC-134a is especially hopeful as a substitute refrigerant since it is similar in thermodynamic properties to CFC-12 which has heretofore been used in many kinds of refrigerators for home cold-storage chests, air-conditioners, car air-conditioners and the like.
- Refrigerator oils require various properties, among which their miscibility with refrigerants is extremely important in regard to lubricity and system efficiency in refrigerators.
- conventional refrigerator oils comprising, as the base oils, naphthenic oils, paraffinic oils, alkylbenzenes and the like, are hardly miscible with chlorine-free type halogenocarbons such as HFC-32, HFC-134a.
- EP-A-0 384 724 discloses lubricating oil compositions comprising a base oil and a halogen containing ester of phosphoric acid in an amount in the range of from 0.01 to 5 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the base oil, and lubricating oil compositions further comprising an epoxy compound in an amount in the range of from 0.1 to 5 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the base oil.
- esters having specific structures have excellent miscibility with chlorine-free type halogenocarbons such as HFC-134a and a high electrical insulating property, and filed applications for patents for the esters (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Gazettes Nos. Hei. 3-200895 and Hei. 3-200896, and Japanese Patent Applications Nos. Hei. 2-105772 and Hei. 2-121133. Hei. 1 and Hei. 2 are the same as 1989 and 1990 A.D., respectively.).
- the known esters have various excellent properties as mentioned above, but they are hydrolyzable and therefore they are not necessarily suitable for use in apparatuses, such as cold-storage chests and car air-conditioners, which must be operated for a long period of time with high reliability. Accordingly, it has been desired to develop a refrigerator oil which has high miscibility with hydrogen-containing halogenocarbons such as HFC-32, HFC-134a, HFC-152a, and also has a high hydrolysis stability (or high stability to hydrolysis).
- the present inventors made various intensive studies in attempts to develop lubricating oils which can meet the aforesaid requirements and, as the result of their studies, they found that carbonic acid esters having specific structures have excellent miscibility with hydrogen-containing halogenocarbons such as HFC-134a and HFC-152a, and a high electrical insulating property as well as excellent lubricity and excellent hydrolytic stability.
- the object of this invention is the use of synthetic lubricating oils which comprise as a major component (or a base oil) at least one kind of carbonic acid ester having a specific structure and an epoxy compound, as lubricating oil in refrigerators using therein a hydrogen-containing halogenocarbon and/or a hydrogen-free halogenocarbon as the refrigerant as disclosed in independent claim 1 and dependent claims 2 to 6.
- the cited lubricating oils have excellent miscibility with hydrogen-containing halogenocarbons such as HFC-134a, as well as excellent hydrolysis stability.
- the synthetic lubricating oil of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises as a base oil [A] at least one kind of a carbonic acid ester selected from the group consisting of:
- R2 represents an alkyl group (preferably having 1-12 carbon atoms) or cycloalkyl group (preferably having 5-12 carbon atoms),
- R3 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group (preferably having 1-12 carbon atoms) or a cycloalkyl group (preferably having 5-12 carbon atoms
- alkyl groups represented by each of X1, X2, R2 and R3 are exemplified by methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, n-butyl group, n-pentyl group, n-hexyl group, n-heptyl group, n-octyl group, n-nonyl group, n-decyl group, n-undecyl group, n-dodecyl group, iso-propyl group, iso-butyl group, tert.-butyl group, iso-pentyl group, iso-hexyl group, iso-heptyl group, iso-octyl group, iso-nonyl group, iso-decyl group, iso-undecyl group and iso-dodecyl group.
- cycloalkyl groups are exemplified by cyclopentyl group, cyclooctyl group, cyclononyl group, cyclodecyl group, cycloundecyl group, cyclohexyl group, cycloheptyl group, cyclododecyl group, methylcyclohexyl group, ethylcyclohexyl group, propylcyclohexyl group, butylcyclohexyl group, pentylcyclohexyl group and hexylcyclohexyl group.
- the alkylene groups having 2 - 4 carbon atoms represented respectively by A1 and A2 are exemplified by ethylene group, propylene group, trimethylene group, butylene group, tetramethylene group, 1-methyl trimethylene group, 2-methyl trimethylene group, 1,1-dimethylethylene group, 1,2-dimethylethylene group with the proviso that the carbonic acid ester of polyalkylene glycol of the present invention necessarily contains at least one ethylene group in the polyalkylene portion thereof.
- the carbonic acid ester of polyalkylene glycol containing ethylene groups therein is remarkably improved in solubility in the HFC-134a refrigerant carrier as compared with the conventional polyalkylene glycol and alkyl ethers thereof.
- the amount of ethylene group contained in the polyalkylene group is normally not larger than 60 % by weight, preferably 10 to 50 % by weight, based on the total amount of the alkylene groups.
- the type of polymerizing oxyethylene group with another oxyalkylene group is not particularly limited, and it may be either random copolymerization or block copolymerization.
- a method for producing the carbonic acid esters to be used in the present invention is not particularly limited.
- the carbonic acid esters can be produced by polymerizing an alkylene oxide to produce a polyalkylene glycol and reacting the thus obtained polyalkylene glycol with chloroformate having 2-13 carbon atoms in the presence of an alkali such as metallic sodium, an alkali metal hydroxide such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, or an alkali metal alkoxyde such as sodium methoxide or sodium ethoxyde at a temperature of from 0 to 30 °C, or it can be produced by reacting a polyalkylene glycol with a diester carbonate or phosgen, which is a source for supply of carbonic acid, and an alcohol having 1-12 carbon atoms in the presence of an alkali such as metallic sodium, an alkali metal hydroxide such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, an alkali metal alkoxyde such as sodium methoxyde or sodium ethoxyde
- X3 represents a member selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group (preferably having 1-12 carbon atoms), a cycloalkyl group (preferably having 5-12 carbon atoms) or a group having the general formula of R4-(OA5) h -;
- A2, A3 and A5 may be identical with, or different from, each other and are each an alkylene group having 2-4 carbon atoms;
- R1 and R4 may be identical with, or different from, each other and are each a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group (preferably having 1-12 carbon atoms) or a cycloalkyl group (preferably having 5-12 carbon atoms);
- B represents the residue of a compound having 3-20 hydroxyl groups;
- c is an integer of 1-20, d is an integer of 0-19 and the sum of c and d equals 3-20;
- e and f are each an integer of 0-50 provided that e and f are not zero at the same time;
- alkylene groups having 2 - 4 carbon atoms which are represented respectively by A1, A2, A3 and A5, are exemplified by ethylene group, propylene group, trimethylene group, butylene group, tetramethylene group, 1-methyltrimethylene group, 2-methyltrimethylene group, 1,1-dimethylethylene group and 1,2-dimethylethylene group.
- the preferable alkyl groups represented respectively by X3, R1 and R4 are exemplified by methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, iso-propyl group, n-butyl group, iso-butyl group, sec.-butyl group, tert.-butyl group, n-pentyl group, iso-pentyl group, neopentyl group, n-hexyl group, iso-hexyl group, n-heptyl group, iso-heptyl group, n-octyl group, iso-octyl group, n-nonyl group, iso-nonyl group, n-decyl group, iso-decyl group, n-undecyl group, iso-undecyl group, n-dodecyl group and iso-dodecyl group.
- the preferable cycloalkyl groups are exemplified by cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, cycloheptyl group, cyclooctyl group, cyclononyl group, cyclodecyl group, cycloundecyl group, cyclododecyl group, methylcyclohexyl group, ethylcyclohexyl group, propylcyclohexyl group, butylcyclohexyl group, pentylcyclohexyl group and hexylcyclohexyl group.
- polyol compounds are exemplified by polyhydric alcohols such as glycerin, polyglycerin (dimer to octadecamer of glycerin such as diglycerin, triglycerin and tetraglycerin), trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolbutane, monopentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, 1,3,5-pentanetriol, sorbitol, sorbitan, sorbitol glycerin condensate, adonitol, arabitol, xylitol and mannitol; polyhydric phenols such as pyrogallol and phloroglucin; saccharides such as xylose, arabinose, rib
- alkylene groups having different carbon numbers and structures may be present in the molecule.
- the type of polymerizing the oxyethylene groups is not particularly limited, and it may be either random copolymerization or block copolymerization.
- a method for producing the carbonic acid esters to be used in the present invention is not particularly limited.
- the carbonic acid esters can be produced by addition reacting polyol compounds with alkylene oxides to produce polyalkylene glycol polyol ethers and reacting the thus obtained polyalkylene glycol polyol ethers with chloroformate having 2-13 carbon atoms in the presence of an alkali such as metallic sodium, an alkali metal hydroxide such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, or an alkali metal alkoxyde such as sodium methoxyde and sodium ethoxyde potassium hydroxide at a temperature of from 0 to 30 °C, or it can be produced by reacting a polyalkylene glycol polyol ether with a diester carbonate or phosgen, which is a source for supply of carbonic acid, in the presence of an alkali such as metallic sodium, an alkali metal hydroxide such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, an alkali metal alkoxyde
- the carbonic acid esters [I] - [II] obtained by the methods as mentioned above may be refined to remove the by-products and/or unreacted reactants, but the by-products and/or unreacted reactants may be present in small amounts in the lubricating oils of the present invention as far as they do not impair the excellent performances thereof.
- the carbonic acid esters [I] - [II] mentioned above may be used singly, or jointly as a mixture of at least two kinds of the esters.
- the molecular weight of each of the carbonic acid esters [I] - [II] according to the present invention is not particularly limited, but, in a case where the carbonic acid ester is used as a refrigerator oil, the number average molecular weight of the carbonic acid ester is in the range of preferably 200-4000, more preferably 300-3000, to improve the compressor in sealability.
- the kinematic viscosities of the carbonic acid esters [I] - [II] according to the present invention are in the range of preferably 2-150 cSt, more preferably 4-100 cSt at 100°C.
- the lubricating oil of the present invention may comprise as the only base oil [A] at least one member selected from the above carbonic acid esters [I] - [II] and, as required, it may additionally comprise other base oils for lubricating oils.
- the other base oils will be illustrated hereinafter.
- mineral oils usable as the other base oils are exemplified by paraffinic or naphthenic base oils which are produced by subjecting lubricating oil fractions obtained by atmospheric distillation or reduced pressure distillation of a crude oil, to a suitable combination of refining treatments such as solvent deasphalting, solvent extraction, hydrocracking, solvent dewaxing, catalytic dewaxing, hydrorefining, sulfuric acid treatment and clay treatment.
- the synthetic oils usable as the other base oils are exemplified by poly alpha-olefins such as polybutene, 1-octene oligomers and 1-decene oligomers; alkylbenzenes; alkylnaphthalenes; diesters such as ditridecyl glutarate, di 2-ethylhexyl adipate, diisodecyl adipate, ditridecyl adipate and di 3-ethylhexyl sebacate; polyol esters such as trimethylolpropane caprylate, trimethylolpropane pelargonate, pentaerythritol 2-ethyl hexanoate and pentaerythritol pelargonate; polyalkylene glycols; polyphenyl ethers; silicone oils; perfluoro alkylethers; and mixtures of at least two kinds of the synthetic oils.
- the carbonic acid esters [I] - [II] be present therein in a ratio of not less than 20% by weight, preferably not less than 50% by weight, more preferably not less than 70% by weight of the total amount of the other base oils and the carbonic acid esters.
- the lubricating oil may comprise as the only base oil at least one member selected from the above carbonic acid esters [I] - [II] and, as required, it may additionally comprise other base oils for refrigerator oils.
- polyglycols such as polyoxyalkylene glycols, polyoxyalkylene glycol monoethers, polyoxyalkylene glycol diethers and polyoxyalkylene glycol glycerol ethers; complex esters of a monohydric alcohol, a dihydric alcohol, a monocarboxylic acid and a dicarboxylic acid; esters of a neopentyl type polyol such as pentaerythritol, trimethylolpropane or a dimer or trimer thereof and an carboxylic acid; complex esters of a neopentyl type polyol, a monocarboxylic acid and a dicarboxylic acid; and carbonic acid esters other than carbonic acid esters [I] - [II] according to the present invention.
- polyglycols such as polyoxyalkylene glycols, polyoxyalkylene glycol monoethers, polyoxyalkylene glycol diethers and polyoxyalkylene glycol g
- These conventional base oils may be incorporated singly or jointly, and are desired to be incorporated in an amount of not more than 80% by weight, preferably not more than 70% by weight, more preferably not more than 50% by weight of the total amount of the lubricating oil according to the present invention.
- the carbonic acid esters [I] - [II] according to the present invention may be incorporated with other oils such as paraffinic mineral oils, naphthenic mineral oils, poly ⁇ -olefins and alkylbenzenes, but, in this case, these other oils may desirably be incorporated in an amount of not more than 30% by weight, preferably not more than 20% by weight, of the total amount of the lubricating oils since these other oils are poor in miscibility with hydrogen-containing halogenocarbon refrigerants.
- other oils such as paraffinic mineral oils, naphthenic mineral oils, poly ⁇ -olefins and alkylbenzenes
- the lubricating oil may be incorporated, as required, with heretofore known additives for lubricating oils.
- the additives are exemplified by antioxidants such as phenol-type ones, amine-type ones, sulfur-type ones, zinc thiophosphate-type ones and phenothiazine-type ones; wear resistant additives such as molybdenum dithiophosphate, molybdenum dithiocarbamate, molybdenum disulfide, carbon fluorides, boric esters, aliphatic amines, higher alcohols, higher fatty acids, fatty acid esters and fatty acid amides; extreme pressure agents such as tricresyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate and zinc dithiophosphate; corrosion inhibitors such as petroleum sulfonates, alkylbenzene sulfonates and dinonylnaphthalene sulfonates; metal inactivators such as
- the contents of the viscosity index improver, the antifoaming agent, the metal inactivator and each of the other additives are ordinarily 1 - 30% by weight, 0.0005 - 1% by weight, 0.005 - 1% by weight and 0.1 - 15% by weight of the total amount of the lubricating oil, respectively.
- the lubricating oil may be incorporated further with at least one kind of a phosphorus compound selected from the group consisting of phosphoric esters, acid phosphoric esters, amine salts of acid phosphoric esters, chlorinated phosphoric esters and phosphorous esters, to improve the oil in wear resistance and load resistance.
- a phosphorus compound selected from the group consisting of phosphoric esters, acid phosphoric esters, amine salts of acid phosphoric esters, chlorinated phosphoric esters and phosphorous esters, to improve the oil in wear resistance and load resistance.
- These phosphorus compounds are esters of phosphoric acid or phosphorous acid and an alkanol or a polyether type alcohol, or derivatives of the esters.
- the phosphoric esters are exemplified by tributyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate and tricresyl phosphate.
- the acid phosphoric esters are exemplified by ditetradecyl acid phosphate, dipentadecyl acid phosphate, dihexadecyl acid phosphate, diheptadecyl acid phosphate and dioctadecyl acid phosphate.
- the amine salts of acid phosphoric esters are exemplified by salts of the above acid phosphoric esters and amines such as methylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, butylamine, pentylamine, hexylamine, heptylamine, octylamine, dimetylamine, diethylamine, dipropylamine, dibutylamine, dipentylamine, dihexylamine, diheptylamine, dioctylamine, trimetylamine, trietylamine, tripropylamine, tributylamine, tripentylamine, trihexylamine, triheptylamine and trioctylamine.
- amines such as methylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, butylamine, pentylamine, hexylamine, heptylamine, octylamine, dimetylamine, die
- the chlorinated phosphoric esters are exemplified by tris ⁇ dichloropropyl phosphate, tris ⁇ chloroethyl phosphate, polyoxyalkylene ⁇ bis[di(chloroalkyl)] phosphate and tris ⁇ chlorophenyl phosphate.
- the phosphorous esters are exemplified by dibutyl phosphite, tributyl phosphite, dipentyl phosphite, tripentyl phosphite, dihexyl phosphite, trihexyl phosphite, diheptyl phosphite, triheptyl phosphite, dioctyl phosphite, trioctyl phosphite, dinonyl phosphite, didecyl phosphite, diundecyl phosphite, triundecyl phosphite, didodecyl phosphite, tridodecyl phosphite, diphenyl phosphite, triphenyl phosphite, dicresyl phosphite, tricresyl phosphite
- the component [B] ist at least one kind of an epoxy compound selected from the group consisting of phenylglycidyl ether type epoxy compounds, glycidyl ester type epoxy compounds, epoxidized fatty acid monoesters and epoxidized vegetable oils.
- the said phenylglycidyl ether type epoxy compounds used herein include phenylglycidyl ether and alkylphenylglycidyl ethers.
- the said alkylphenylglycidyl ethers are those having 1 to 3 alkyl groups having 1 to 13 carbon atoms, among which are preferred those having an alkyl group having 4 to 10 carbon atoms, such as butylphenylglycidyl ether, pentylphenylglycidyl ether, hexylphenylglycidyl ether, heptylphenylglycidyl ether, octylphenylglycidyl ether, nonylphenylglycidyl ether and decylphenylglycidyl ether.
- the said glycidyl ester type epoxy compounds include phenylglycidyl esters, alkylglycidyl esters and alkenylglycidyl esters, with glycidyl benzoate, glycidyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate and the like being preferred.
- the epoxidized fatty acid monoesters include esters of an epoxidized fatty acid having 12 to 20 carbon atoms and an alcohol having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, phenol or an alkylphenol.
- esters of an epoxidized fatty acid having 12 to 20 carbon atoms and an alcohol having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, phenol or an alkylphenol may preferably be used.
- the epoxidized vegetable oils include epoxidized compounds of vegetable oils such as soybean oil, linseed oil and cottonseed oil.
- the preferable ones include phenylglycidyl ether type epoxy compounds and epoxidized fatty acid monoesters with the former being more preferable.
- the most preferred are phenylglycidyl ether, butylphenylglycidyl ether and mixtures thereof.
- these epoxy compounds are to be incorporated in the lubricating oil of the present invention, it is desirable that they be incorporated therein in a ratio of 0.1-5.0 % by weight, preferably 0.2-2.0 % by weight, of the total amount of the lubricating oil.
- a carboxylic acid represented by the general formula (3) R5 - CH(COOH)2 (3) and/or the general formula (4) R6 - CH2 - COOH (4) wherein R5 and R6 may be identical with, or different from, each other and are each an alkyl group having 8 - 18 carbon atoms.
- the above carboxylic acids are exemplified by octylmalonic acid, nonylmalonic acid, decylmalonic acid, undecylmalonic acid, dodecylmalonic acid, tridecylmalonic acid, tetradecylmalonic acid, pentadecylmalonic acid, hexadecylmalonic acid, heptadecylmalonic acid, octadecylmalonic acid, decanoic acid, undecanoic acid, lauric acid, tridecanoic acid, myristic acid, pentadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, heptadecanoic acid, stearic acid, nonadecanoic acid, eicosanoic acid and mixtures of at least two kinds of the above carboxylic acids.
- these carboxylic acids are to be incorporated in the lubricating oil of the present invention, it is desirable that they be incorporated therein in a ratio of 0.01 - 3% by weight, preferably 0.05 - 2% by weight, of the total amount of the lubricating oil.
- the lubricating oil of the present invention may be incorporated with monohydric alcohols having 7-18 carbon atoms, dihydric alcohols having 7-18 carbon atoms and/or partial esters of polyhydric alcohols having 7-18 carbon atoms.
- the monohydric alcohols having 7-18 carbon atoms are exemplified by octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, oleyl and linoleyl alcohols, and mixtures of at least two alcohols mentioned above.
- the dihydric alcohols having 7-18 carbon atoms are exemplified by polymethylene diol.
- the partial esters of polyhydric alcohols having 7-18 carbon atoms are exemplified by partial esters of a polyglycerin and a fatty acid.
- these compounds are to be incorporated in the lubricating oil of the present invention, it is desirable that they be incorporated therein in a ratio of 0.01 - 3.0% by weight, preferably 0.05-2.0% by weight, of the total amount of the lubricating oil.
- the lubricating oil may be incorporated, as required, with heretofore known additives for a refrigerator oil, which include phenol-type antioxidants such as di-tert.-butyl-p-cresol and bisphenol A; amine-type antioxidants such as phenyl- ⁇ -naphthylamine and N,N-di(2-naphthyl)-p-phenylenediamine; wear resistant additives such as zinc dithiophosphate; extreme pressure agents such as chlorinated paraffin and sulfur compounds; oiliness improvers such as fatty acids; antifoaming agents such as silicone-type ones; and metal inactivators such as benzotriazole.
- phenol-type antioxidants such as di-tert.-butyl-p-cresol and bisphenol A
- amine-type antioxidants such as phenyl- ⁇ -naphthylamine and N,N-di(2-naphthyl)-p-phenylenediamine
- the carbonic acid esters [I] - [II] of the present invention it is desirable that the carbonic acid esters [I] - [II] be incorporated in the resulting lubricating oil in a ratio of not less than 5% by weight, preferably not less than 10% by weight, more preferably not less than 50% by weight, most preferably not less than 70% by weight, of the total amount of the lubricating oil.
- the lubricating oil of the present invention comprising at least one kind of the carbonic acid esters [I] - [II] as a major component
- the lubricating oil should have such viscosity and pour point as those which are normally suitable for an ordinary refrigerator oil, but it should desirably have a pour point of not higher than -10°C, preferably -20°C to -80°C, to prevent it from solidification at a low temperature.
- the viscosity of the lubricating oil of the present invention may suitably be selected depending on the use thereof, but the lubricating oil should desirably have a kinematic viscosity of not less than 2cSt, preferably not less than 3cSt at 100°C, to keep the sealability of the compressor of the refrigerator when used, while it should desirably have a kinematic viscosity of not more than 150cSt, preferably not more than 100cSt at 100°C, in view of its fluidity at a low temperature and the efficiency of heat exchange in the evaporator when used.
- the refrigerants which may be used in refrigerators in which the lubricating oils of the present invention are suitably used as refrigerator oils include hydrogen-containing halogenocarbons such as pentafluoroethane (HFC-125), 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a), 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a), difluoromethane (HFC-32), trifluoromethane (HFC-23), monochlorodifluoromethane (HCFC-22) or 1-chloro-1, 1-difluoroethane (HCFC-142b), dichlorotrifluoroethane (HCFC-123), monochlorotetrafluoroethane (HCFC-124); hydrogen-free halogenocarbons such as trichloromonofluoromethane (CFC-11), dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC
- the hydrogen-containing halogenocarbons are preferable with chlorine-free type halogenocarbons such as HFC-32, HFC-23, HFC-125, HFC-134, HFC-134a and HFC-152a being particularly preferable in view of the environmental problems.
- chlorine-free type halogenocarbons such as HFC-32, HFC-23, HFC-125, HFC-134, HFC-134a and HFC-152a being particularly preferable in view of the environmental problems.
- the most preferred is HFC-134a.
- the lubricating oils of the present invention are very excellent in miscibility with the hydrogen-containing halogenocarbons, particularly chlorine-free type halogenocarbons, as compared with the heretofore known lubricating oils.
- the lubricating oils of the present invention may particularly preferably be used as refrigerator oils in air-conditioners, dehumidifiers, cold-storage chests, freezers, freeze and refrigeration warehouses, automatic vending machines, showcases, cooling units in chemical plants, and the like which have a reciprocating or rotary compressor. Further, the above lubricating oils may also preferably be used in refrigerators having a centrifugal compressor. Further, the lubricating oils of the present invention may be used as not only the refrigerator oils, but also engine oils, gear oils, hydraulic oils, metal processing oils and the other industrial lubricating oils.
- Lubricating oils of the present invention and comparative lubricating oils of conventional types are illustrated as follows: [Example 1] A refrigerator oil of the present invention comprising a corbonic acid ester having an average molecular weight of 2000 represented by the following formula: wherein (PO, EO) n is a random copolymer of oxypropylene groups and oxyethylene groups with the proviso that the weight ratio of the oxypropylene groups : the oxyethylene groups is 50 : 50.
- a refrigerator oil comprising a carbonic acid ester having an average molecular weight of 2000 represented by the following formula: wherein (PO, EO) n is a random copolymer of oxypropylene groups and oxyethylene groups with the proviso that the weight ratio of the oxypropylene groups : the oxyethylene groups is 90 : 10.
- a refrigerator oil comprising a carbonic acid ester having an average molecular weight of 2000 represented by the following formula: wherein (PO, EO) m and (PO, EO) n are each a random copolymer of oxypropylene groups and oxyethylene groups with the proviso that the weight ratio of the oxypropylene groups : the oxyethylene groups is 50 : 50.
- a refrigerator oil comprising a carbonic acid ester having an average molecular weight of 1000 represented by the following formula: wherein (PO, EO) n is a random copolymer of oxypropylene groups and oxyethylene groups with the proviso that the weight ratio of the oxypropylene groups : the oxyethylene groups is 90 : 10.
- a refrigerator oil comprising a carbonic acid ester having an average molecular weight of 1000 represented by the following formula: wherein (PO, EO) n is a random copolymer of oxypropylene groups and oxyethylene groups with the proviso that the weight ratio of the oxypropylene groups : the oxyethylene groups is 90 : 10.
- a refrigerator oil comprising a carbonic acid ester having an average molecular weight of 1800 represented by the following formula: wherein (PO) n is a polyoxypropylene group.
- a refrigerator oil comprising a carbonic acid ester having an average molecular weight of 1600 represented by the following formula: wherein (PO) n is a polyoxypropylene group.
- a refrigerator oil comprising a carbonic acid ester having an average molecular weight of 2000 represented by the following formula: wherein (PO, EO) n is a random copolymer of oxypropylene groups and oxyethylene groups with the proviso that the weight ratio of the oxypropylene groups : the oxyethylene groups is 50 : 50.
- a refrigerator oil comprising a carbonic acid ester having an average molecular weight of 2500 represented by the following formula: wherein (PO, EO) n is a random copolymer of oxypropylene groups and oxyethylene groups with the proviso that the weight ratio of the oxypropylene groups : the oxyethylene groups is 50 : 50.
- a refrigerator oil comprising a carbonic acid ester having an average molecular weight of 1000 represented by the following formula: wherein (PO) n is a polyoxypropylene group.
- a refrigerator oil comprising a carbonic acid ester having an average molecular weight of 2000 represented by the following formula: wherein (PO) m -(EO) n is a random copolymer of polyoxypropylene groups and poly oxyethylene groups with the proviso that the weight ratio of the polyoxypropylene groups : the poly oxyethylene groups is 90 : 10.
- a refrigerator oil comprising a carbonic acid ester having an average molecular weight of 2000 represented by the following formula: wherein (PO) m -(EO) n is a random copolymer of polyoxypropylene groups and poly oxyethylene groups with the proviso that the weight ratio of the polyoxypropylene groups : the poly oxyethylene groups is 90 : 10.
- a refrigerator oil comprising a carbonic acid ester having an average molecular weight of 2000 represented by the following formula: wherein (PO) n is a polyoxypropylene group.
- a refrigerator oil comprising a carbonic acid ester having an average molecular weight of 1000 represented by the following formula: wherein (PO) n is a polyoxypropylene group.
- a refrigerator oil comprising a carbonic acid ester having an average molecular weight of 2000 represented by the following formula: wherein (PO) m -(EO) n is a random copolymer of polyoxypropylene groups and poly oxyethylene groups with the proviso that the weight ratio of the polyoxypropylene groups : the poly oxyethylene groups is 90 : 10.
- a refrigerator oil comprising a carbonic acid ester having an average molecular weight of 2000 represented by the following formula: wherein (PO) m -(EO) n is a random copolymer of polyoxypropylene groups and poly oxyethylene groups with the proviso that the weight ratio of the polyoxypropylene groups : the poly oxyethylene groups is 50 : 50.
- a refrigerator oil comprising a carbonic acid ester of a polyglycerin alkylether having a number average molecular weight of 2100 represented by the following formula: wherein each of X is -CH2-C(CH3)H-O-CH3 or -CH2-C(CH3)H -O-CO-O-CH3 with the proviso that the molar ratio of the former : the latter is 50 : 50, and n is a number average value of 11.3 .
- a refrigerator oil comprising a carbonic acid ester having an average molecular weight of 1000 represented by the following formula: wherein (PO) m and (PO) n are each a polyoxypropylene group.
- a refrigerator oil comprising a carbonic acid ester having an average molecular weight of 2000 represented by the following formula: wherein (PO) k -(EO) m is a random copolymer of polyoxypropylene groups and polyoxyethylene groups with the proviso that the weight ratio of the polyoxypropylene groups : the poly oxyethylene groups is 90 : 10, and (PO) n is a polyoxypropylene group.
- a refrigerator oil comprising a carbonic acid ester having an average molecular weight of 2000 represented by the following formula: wherein (PO) k -(EO) m is a random copolymer of polyoxypropylene groups and polyoxyethylene groups with the proviso that the weight ratio of the polyoxypropylene groups : the poly oxyethylene groups is 90 : 10, and (PO) n is a polyoxypropylene group.
- a refrigerator oil comprising a carbonic acid ester having an average molecular weight of 2000 represented by the following formula: wherein (PO) m and (PO) n are each a polyoxypropylene group.
- a refrigerator oil comprising a carbonic acid ester having an average molecular weight of 1000 represented by the following formula: wherein (PO) m and (PO) n are each a polyoxypropylene group.
- a refrigerator oil comprising a carbonic acid ester having an average molecular weight of 2000 represented by the following formula: wherein (PO) k -(EO) m is a random copolymer of polyoxypropylene groups and polyoxyethylene groups with the proviso that the weight ratio of the polyoxypropylene groups : the poly oxyethylene groups is 90 : 10, and (PO) n is a polyoxypropylene group.
- a refrigerator oil comprising a carbonic acid ester having an average molecular weight of 2200 represented by the following formula: wherein (PO) k -(EO) m is a random copolymer of polyoxypropylene groups and polyoxyethylene groups with the proviso that the weight ratio of the polyoxypropylene groups : the poly oxyethylene groups is 50 : 50, and (PO) n is a polyoxypropylene group.
- a refrigerator oil comprising a carbonic acid ester having an average molecular weight of 2400 represented by the following formula: wherein (PO) k -(EO) m is a random copolymer of polyoxypropylene groups and polyoxyethylene groups with the proviso that the weight ratio of the polyoxypropylene groups : the poly oxyethylene groups is 80 : 20, and (PO) n is a polyoxypropylene group.
- 0.2g of the test oil of each of the Examples and the Comparative Examples and 2.0g of the refrigerant (HFC-134a) were sealed in a glass tube having an inner diameter of 6 mm and a length of 220mm.
- the glass tubes so sealed were placed in a thermostat maintained at a predetermined low temperature and then in a thermostat kept at a predetermined high temperature to observe whether the refrigerant and the test oil were miscible with each other, separated from each other or made white-turbid.
- test oils Sixty grams (60g) of each of the test oils and 0.6g of water were introduced in a 200-ml glass test tube and copper, iron and aluminum plates (6cm2) were then placed therein as deterioration accelerating catalysts, after which the whole in the tube was heated to 175°C for 168 hours in an autoclave made of stainless steel thereby to thermally deteriorate the test oils.
- each of the test oils was measured for acid value and hydroxyl value.
- test oils were each applied to a test journal for measuring the amount of the test journal worn by having the journal run in at a test oil temperature of 100°C under a load of 150 lb for 1 minute and then running it under a load of 250 lb for 2 hours in accordance with ASTM D 2670.
- the lubricating oils (Examples 1-25) of the present invention are very excellent in miscibility with a refrigerant, HFC-134a, as compared with the conventional lubricating oils of Comparative Examples 1-2.
- the carbonic acid ester oils of the present invention are excellent in miscibility with a refrigerant, HFC-134a, as compared with even the polyalkylene glycols of Comparative Examples 4-6 which have been known as lubricating oils having excellent miscibility with the HFC-134a refrigerant.
- the FALEX wear test shows that the lubricating oils of Examples 1-25 are at least equal in wear resistance to those of Comparative Examples 1-2 and 4-6.
- Table 1 also shows that the ester oil of Comparative Example 3 is inferior in hydrolysis stability whereby it will raise some problems as to corrosion by acids formed when used in a refrigerator system in which external moisture is expected to enter into the system and mix with the oil, while the lubricating oils of Examples 1-25 will not raise any problems because of no formation of acids although they are somewhat hydrolyzable and form hydroxyl groups when used in such a refrigetator system as above.
- the lubricating oils of the present invention are excellent in miscibility with refrigerants, hydrolysis resistance and wear resistance, and are suitable for use in refrigerators using therein a hydrogen-containing halogenocarbon as a refrigerant. They can therefore be preferably used particularly as a refrigerator oil.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Claims (6)
- Verwendung eines synthetischen Schmieröls mit Gehalt an (A) mindestens einer Art eines Carbonsäureesters als Basisöl nämlich:(I) einem Carbonsäureester der allgemeinen Formel (1),(II) einem Carbonsäureester der allgemeinen Formel (2)(B) mindestens eine Art einer Epoxyverbindung nämlich Epoxyverbindungen vom Phenylglycidyläthertyp, Epoxyverbindungen vom Glycidylestertyp, epoxydierte Fettsäuremonoester und epoxydierte Pflanzenöle, in Mengen von 0,1 bis 5,0 Gewichtsprozent, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht des synthetischen Schmieröls;
in Kühlschränken, unter Verwendung eines wasserstoffhaltigen Halogenkohlenstoffs und/oder eines wasserstofffreien Halogenkohlenstoffs als Kühlmittel. - Verwendung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Basisöl eine Mischung ist aus:(i) mindestens einer Art eines Carbonsäureesters nämlich der Carbonsäureester [I] - [II] und(ii) mindestens eine Art eines Öls nämlich (1) Polyglykole, nämlich Polyoxyalkylenglykole, Polyoxyalkylenglykolmonoäther, Polyoxyalkylenglykoldieäther und Polyoxyalkylenglykolglyceroläther und (2) komplexe Ester eines monohydrischen Alkohols, eines dihydrischen Alkohols, einer Monocarbonsäure und einer Dicarbonsäure (3) Ester eines Polyols vom Neopentyltyp und einer Carbonsäure, (4) komplexe Ester eines Polyols vom Neopentyltyp, einer Monocarbonsäure und einer Dicarbonsäure, und (5) Carbonsäureester mit von denen der vorliegenden Erfindung verschiedenen Struktur.
- Verwendung nach Anspruch 2, wobei mindestens eine Art Carbonsäureester (1) in Mengen von nicht mehr als 80 Gewichtsprozent, bezogen auf die Gesamtmenge des synthetischen Schmieröls, enthalten ist.
- Verwendung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das synthetische Schmieröl darüber hinaus mindestens eine Art einer Phosphorverbindung, nämlich Phosphorigester, saure Phosphorigester, Aminsalze von sauren Phosphorigestern, chlorierte Phosphorigester und Phosphorestern in Mengen von 0,1 bis 5,0 Gewichtsprozent, bezogen auf die Gesamtmenge des synthetischen Schmieröls enthält.
- Verwendung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das synthetische Schmieröl darüber hinaus eine Carbonsäure der allgemeinen Formel
R⁵-CH(COOH)₂
und/oder der allgemeinen Formel
R⁶-CH₂COOH
enthält, wobei R⁵ and R⁶ gleich oder verschieden voneinander sein können, nämlich eine Alkylgruppe mit 8 - 18 Kohlenstoffatomen, in Mengen von 0,01 bis 3 Gewichtsprozent, bezogen auf die Gesamtmenge des synthetischen Schmieröls. - Verwendung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das synthetische Schmieröl darüber hinaus mindestens eine Art von monohydrischen Alkoholen, dihydrischen Alkoholen und partiell veresterten polyhydrischen Alkoholen mit 7 - 18 Kohlenstoffatomen, in Mengen von 0,01 - 3 Gewichtsprozent, bezogen auf die Gesamtmenge an synthetischem Schmieröl, enthält.
Applications Claiming Priority (10)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP18360/91 | 1991-01-18 | ||
JP1836091A JPH04314789A (ja) | 1991-01-18 | 1991-01-18 | 冷凍機油 |
JP18359/91 | 1991-01-18 | ||
JP1835991A JP2844129B2 (ja) | 1991-01-18 | 1991-01-18 | 合成潤滑油 |
JP25178/91 | 1991-01-28 | ||
JP2517891 | 1991-01-28 | ||
JP1842792A JP3243734B2 (ja) | 1991-01-28 | 1992-01-08 | 合成潤滑油 |
JP18428/92 | 1992-01-08 | ||
JP18427/92 | 1992-01-08 | ||
JP1842892A JP3241416B2 (ja) | 1992-01-08 | 1992-01-08 | 潤滑油 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0499793A1 EP0499793A1 (de) | 1992-08-26 |
EP0499793B1 true EP0499793B1 (de) | 1995-04-12 |
Family
ID=27520020
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP92100772A Expired - Lifetime EP0499793B1 (de) | 1991-01-18 | 1992-01-17 | Synthetische Schmieröle |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP0499793B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE69201983T2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TW203098B (de) * | 1991-09-27 | 1993-04-01 | Mitsui Petroleum Chemicals Ind | |
JPH05255680A (ja) * | 1992-01-13 | 1993-10-05 | Mitsui Petrochem Ind Ltd | ポリカーボネートおよびその用途 |
JPH05302094A (ja) * | 1992-04-28 | 1993-11-16 | Tonen Corp | 冷凍機油組成物 |
CN1221647C (zh) * | 1999-12-28 | 2005-10-05 | 出光兴产株式会社 | 用于二氧化碳制冷剂的冷冻油组合物 |
EP1300459A4 (de) * | 2000-06-15 | 2006-05-31 | Idemitsu Kosan Co | Schmieröl für kältemaschinen und diese enthaltende hydraulikzusammensetzungzum einsatz in kältemaschinen |
EP2277981A3 (de) | 2000-07-26 | 2011-06-22 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Schmieröl für eine Kühlanlage und Kühlmittelzusammensetzung dafür dieses enthaltend |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3632828A (en) * | 1968-12-16 | 1972-01-04 | Dow Chemical Co | Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether carbonates |
BE788865A (fr) * | 1971-09-15 | 1973-03-15 | Bayer Ag | Liquides hydrauliques du type esters d'acide carbonique |
US4634743A (en) * | 1983-08-22 | 1987-01-06 | The Dow Chemical Company | Novel polyether polycarbonate block copolymers and polyurethanes prepared therefrom |
FR2622573B1 (fr) * | 1987-10-30 | 1990-02-02 | Atochem | Compositions a base d'hexafluoro-isopropanol et de solvant |
JP2588287B2 (ja) * | 1989-02-22 | 1997-03-05 | 日本石油株式会社 | 冷凍機油組成物 |
MY107044A (en) * | 1989-09-29 | 1995-09-30 | Mitsui Petrochemical Ind | Lubricant oil compositions. |
JP2831400B2 (ja) * | 1989-11-02 | 1998-12-02 | 三井化学株式会社 | 冷凍機用潤滑油組成物 |
DE69120952T2 (de) * | 1990-04-20 | 1996-11-28 | Nippon Oil Co Ltd | Synthetische Schmieröle |
JP3028135B2 (ja) * | 1990-06-08 | 2000-04-04 | 日石三菱株式会社 | 冷凍機用潤滑油 |
-
1992
- 1992-01-17 DE DE69201983T patent/DE69201983T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-01-17 EP EP92100772A patent/EP0499793B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE69201983D1 (de) | 1995-05-18 |
DE69201983T2 (de) | 1995-11-23 |
EP0499793A1 (de) | 1992-08-26 |
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