EP0491278B1 - Procédé et dispositif pour le dépoussiérage et/ou le tri de matières granuleuses ou fibreuses dans un courant d'air - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour le dépoussiérage et/ou le tri de matières granuleuses ou fibreuses dans un courant d'air Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0491278B1
EP0491278B1 EP91121298A EP91121298A EP0491278B1 EP 0491278 B1 EP0491278 B1 EP 0491278B1 EP 91121298 A EP91121298 A EP 91121298A EP 91121298 A EP91121298 A EP 91121298A EP 0491278 B1 EP0491278 B1 EP 0491278B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
chute
flow
eddy flow
separation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91121298A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0491278A3 (en
EP0491278A2 (fr
Inventor
Holger Lübke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LUEBKE, HOLGER
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0491278A2 publication Critical patent/EP0491278A2/fr
Publication of EP0491278A3 publication Critical patent/EP0491278A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0491278B1 publication Critical patent/EP0491278B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
    • B07B4/02—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B7/00—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents
    • B07B7/02—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents by reversal of direction of flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B7/00—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents
    • B07B7/08—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for dusting and / or classifying granular and / or fibrous substances in an air stream and a device for performing the method according to the preambles of claims 1 and 5 respectively.
  • a method is known in which the material to be viewed is placed in an upper opening of a Drop shaft is entered, which has an open shaft bottom with at least one shaft bottom opening, and in which a cylindrical, vortex-shaped rotating air flow with a horizontal axis of rotation is generated above the open shaft bottom, in the tangential area of which the visible material is taken up and the play of forces of centrifugal and frictional force of the accompanying air flow is suspended, whereby the coarse material separates due to the centrifugal force of the air vortex flow and is discharged downwards through the open shaft bottom, and in which the fine material is discharged from the drop shaft to an upper opening of the drop shaft with an exhaust air flow above the rotating air vortex flow.
  • the chute is closed at its upper end with a rotary valve.
  • the airflow is therefore controlled solely by changing the cross-section in the area of the shaft bottom.
  • the visible material must be accelerated by the upward flow at the boundary of the chute and the bottom of the shaft after the material has overcome the obstacle of the cellular wheel sluice.
  • centrifugal separators In the latter, an air flow generally rotating about a vertical axis is generated, the coarse material being thrown against the jacket wall of the centrifugal separator and sliding down into a collecting funnel, while the fine material is introduced into the center of the centrifugal separator and separated by an upward flowing air flow becomes.
  • centrifugal separators A disadvantage of the so-called centrifugal separators is that the material to be sifted cannot simply be poured into the centrifugal separator from above, but must be introduced with an air stream. In the present process, this results in e.g. the possibility of using a conveyor belt to pour the visible material directly into the chute.
  • the shaft is usually a shaft that converges towards the bottom of the shaft, so that the shaft preferably has a trapezoidal shape in cross section.
  • the shaft is provided with an approximately rectangular base.
  • the end walls that bound the shaft are fixed, while the converging shaft walls can also be adjustable, if necessary.
  • Another essential component of the method is that the branched-off partial air volume is guided to the upper opening of the chute with physical separation from the registered visible material.
  • the "physical separation” is carried out by an essentially perpendicular partition, which in turn can be height and side adjustable. Depending on the position of the partition opposite the rotating one Air flow ends, the visual limits and the discharge quantities can be varied.
  • the line of sight with regard to the separation of coarse and fine goods can also be adjusted by adjusting the chute dimensions, for example by adjusting the outer walls.
  • a further advantage and effect of the improvement of the method is achieved in that it is also carried out in several stages, namely by connecting at least one further chute in series behind the opening in the shaft bottom.
  • a device for carrying out the method has a chute for the entry of a visible material and is characterized in that the chute has a free opening and is provided with a shaft bottom with at least one opening, and that above the shaft bottom there is a roll-shaped air vortex flow, the lower run of which runs from the lower one Entry area extends to an opposite side wall, can be generated, and that a substantially perpendicular partition is arranged in the chute between the side walls, which ends above the axis of the cylindrical air vortex flow.
  • the opening is preferably a slot extending over the longitudinal extent of the chute base.
  • the inside width of the opening is preferably adjustable, the width of the slot being adjustable in particular in relation to a slot.
  • the vortex flow above the chute base can be generated by appropriate arrangement of air baffles, other air baffle elements and the like. It is also possible to use the vortex flow To produce an air blow pipe which is provided with air outlet slots pointing in the tangential direction or in a similar manner has a nozzle arrangement. It is also possible to generate the vortex flow with the aid of a closed, rotating roller arranged above the shaft bottom, the roller possibly showing surface structures which increase the air flow.
  • Figure 1 shows a device for dedusting and / or classifying granular and / or fibrous substances in an air stream.
  • the visible material 1 is entered into a free, upper opening 2 of a chute 3, that is to say in the present case it is carried over a conveyor belt 4 and thrown off by this conveyor belt, so that it falls into the chute 3 in free fall without the aid of any further funding.
  • Air is also drawn in through the upper entry opening 2 in addition to the visible material 1.
  • the chute 3 forms part of a system of walls, partitions and chutes arranged in a housing 5, which will be explained in the following.
  • the housing 5 is closed by two end faces 6, 7, which are only partially shown.
  • the upper limit of the housing 5 forms a cover 8, which is divided into the upper opening 2 and two exhaust ports 9, 9 '.
  • two shaft walls 10, 10 ' are installed essentially vertically in the housing, both of which, as indicated by the arrows P 1, P 2, can be moved and adjusted in an oscillating manner, the degree of adjustment by pistons known per se Cylinder elements 11 can be made.
  • the side walls 10, 10 ' have inwardly pointing air guiding webs (flaps) 12, 12'.
  • the shaft bottom 14 of the chute 3 there is accordingly a relatively wide slot 15 which extends over the entire longitudinal extent of the chute and is open at the bottom.
  • the slot 15 and the two air guide webs 12, 12 ' fill the width of the shaft bottom 14.
  • a secondary drop shaft 20 is arranged below the drop shaft 3, into which the coarse material discharged from the air vortex flow 17 first arrives.
  • a second vortex flow 21 is formed, from which the coarser material is separated and the finer material is guided upwards through the side shaft 22 behind the side wall 10 'and also under the force of centrifugal and frictional forces of the entraining air flow the upper bracket of the side wall 10 is carried out.
  • the vortex flow 17 or 21 is preferably generated by exhaust doors (not shown) connected to the exhaust ports 9, 9 ', which attract an amount of air through the upper opening 2, which, with a corresponding design of the lower shaft area, is converted into an vortex flow and maintained accordingly, a portion of the air is then branched off and can escape through the connecting pieces 9, 9 'with the fine material.
  • partition wall 26 which is also attached to the cover 8 hanging overhead.
  • the partition wall 26 ends freely above the axis of the air vortex flow 17 and is arranged such that it can be adjusted in height and swivel, as can be seen from FIG. 1. It also ends in an air duct. Part of the air in the air swirl flow is quasi peeled off from the partition wall 26 and directed upwards. By the height and side adjustment of the partition wall 26, the visual limit and the flow rate can also be set. Through the partition 26, the branched-off partial air quantity (part P4) is physically separated from the registered sight.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 a multi-stage viewing device for the method mentioned at the beginning is seen from the side.
  • the visible material (not shown) is poured into the upper opening of the chute 3 and reaches the shaft area formed by a partition wall 26 and a side wall 10 as far as the area of an open slot 15, above which a rotating roller 25 is arranged, with which one Vortex air flow can be generated.
  • the coarse material falling through the slot 15 is subjected to a further viewing stage with an air vortex flow 21 in the region of the lower end of the side wall 10, which in turn ends approximately halfway up another movable side wall 28 at a distance from it.
  • a further cascade is formed by an air vortex flow 21 ′′, the front wall 5 ′ of the housing and the already mentioned side wall 28 converging and converging at a distance that delimits the slot 29.
  • a further step is formed by a further, lowest side wall 30 and the lower part of the housing wall 5 ', via whose shaft sole opening 31 a further air swirl flow 21' '' is formed.
  • adjustment mechanisms 33, 33 ' are attached to the outside of the housing 5, with which the side walls can be adjusted manually or by means of servomotors (not shown), an adjustment being made in accordance with the requirements of the visual quality .
  • the vortex flow can also be produced by pneumatic or pneumatic-mechanical aids.

Landscapes

  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Procédé pour dépoussiérer et/ou classer des matières granuleuses et/ou fibreuses ("matière à trier") dans un courant d'air, selon lequel la matière à trier (1) est introduite par une ouverture supérieure (2) d'un puits à gravité (3) qui présente un fond (14) ouvert avec au moins une ouverture (15) et selon lequel on produit au-dessus du fond (14) ouvert du puits, un courant d'air cylindrique qui tourne en forme de tourbillon (tourbillon d'air 17, 21, 21', 21'', 21''') avec un axe de rotation horizontal, dans la zone tangentielle duquel la matière à trier est prise et est soumise au jeu des forces centrifuge et de frottement du courant d'air d'entraînement, la force centrifuge du tourbillon d'air produisant une séparation de la matière grossière qui est évacuée vers le bas par le fond (14) ouvert du puits, et selon lequel au-dessus du tourbillon d'air tournant (17, 21, 21', 21'', 21'''), la matière fine est évacuée du puits à gravité (3) vers une ouverture supérieure (9) dudit puits avec un courant d'air d'échappement,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    a) de l'air est attiré avec la matière à trier (1) par l'ouverture (d'introduction) supérieure (2) du puits à gravité (3), lequel air est incorporé au(x) tourbillon(s) d'air (17, 21, 21', 21'', 21'''),
    et par le fait que
    b) la matière à trier introduite avec l'air amené est séparée physiquement de la matière fine évacuée et du courant d'air d'échappement par une paroi de séparation (26) qui s'étend sensiblement verticalement et se termine au-dessus de l'axe du tourbillon d'air.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la limite de tri marquant la séparation de matière grossière et de matière fine est modifiée en déplaçant la paroi de séparation (26).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que la limite de tri marquant la séparation de matière grossière et de matière fine est modifiée en faisant varier les dimensions du puits à gravité.
  4. Procédé selon au moins l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que le procédé s'effectue sur plusieurs niveaux, en montant au moins un autre puits à gravité (20) en aval de l'ouverture (15) dans le fond du puits.
  5. Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon la revendication 1 et éventuellement selon les revendications 2 à 4, comportant un puits à gravité pour l'introduction d'une matière à trier, caractérisé par le fait que le puits à gravité (3) possède une ouverture supérieure (2) libre et est pourvu d'un fond (14) avec au moins une ouverture (15) et que au-dessus du fond (14) du puits, on peut produire un tourbillon d'air cylindrique (17, 21, 21', 21'', 21''') dont la partie inférieure s'étend de la zone d'entrée inférieure jusqu'à une paroi latérale (10') située à l'opposé et qu'une paroi de séparation (26) sensiblement verticale est disposée entre les parois latérales (10, 10') du puits à gravité (3), laquelle paroi de séparation se termine au-dessus de l'axe du tourbillon d'air (17) cylindrique.
  6. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait que la paroi de séparation (26) est disposée de manière à pouvoir être déplacée et/ou réglée en hauteur par rapport aux parois (10, 10') du puits.
  7. Dispositif selon les revendications 5 et 6, caractérisé par le fait que la paroi de séparation (26) est suspendue comme un pendule dans la zone supérieure du puits à gravité (3).
  8. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait que le puits à gravité (3) converge de son ouverture supérieure (2) vers son ouverture inférieure (fente 15).
  9. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 5 à 8, caractérisé par le fait qu'au moins une des parois latérales (10, 10') du puits à gravité qui s'étendent tangentiellement par rapport au tourbillon d'air, peut être déplacée par rapport à l'axe de rotation du tourbillon d'air.
  10. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait que l'ouverture (15) est une fente (15) qui s'étend sur le prolongement longitudinal du fond du puits à gravité.
  11. Dispositif selon la revendication 5 ou 10, caractérisé par le fait que la largeur intérieure du fond du puits à gravité, notamment la largeur de la fente, est réglable.
  12. Dispositif selon au moins l'une des revendications 5 à 11, caractérisé par le fait que d'autres puits à gravité (20) avec un courant tourbillonnaire se trouvent au-dessous du fond (14) du puits à gravité.
  13. Dispositif selon au moins l'une des revendications 5 à 12, caractérisé par le fait que le courant tourbillonnaire peut être produit et commandé à l'aide de barrettes de guidage d'air (12, 12') qui se trouvent sur les extrémités ou dans la région des extrémités des parois du puits à gravité et/ou des parois de séparation.
  14. Dispositif selon au moins l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que le tourbillon d'air peut être produit à l'aide d'un tuyau de purge d'air qui est pourvu de fentes de sortie d'air dirigées dans la direction tangentielle.
  15. Dispositif selon au moins l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que le tourbillon d'air peut être produit ou renforcé à l'aide de cylindres (25) tournants disposés au-dessus du fond du puits.
EP91121298A 1990-12-19 1991-12-12 Procédé et dispositif pour le dépoussiérage et/ou le tri de matières granuleuses ou fibreuses dans un courant d'air Expired - Lifetime EP0491278B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4040561A DE4040561C2 (de) 1990-12-19 1990-12-19 Vorrichtung zum Entstauben und/oder Klassieren von Sichtgut in einem Luftstrom
DE4040561 1990-12-19

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0491278A2 EP0491278A2 (fr) 1992-06-24
EP0491278A3 EP0491278A3 (en) 1993-01-27
EP0491278B1 true EP0491278B1 (fr) 1995-06-28

Family

ID=6420668

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91121298A Expired - Lifetime EP0491278B1 (fr) 1990-12-19 1991-12-12 Procédé et dispositif pour le dépoussiérage et/ou le tri de matières granuleuses ou fibreuses dans un courant d'air

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0491278B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE124300T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4040561C2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4232948C2 (de) * 1992-10-01 1995-11-16 Motan Verfahrenstechnik Gegenstrom-Fadensichter und Verfahren zur Reinigung von Granulat mittels dieses Fadensichters
US5507439A (en) * 1994-11-10 1996-04-16 Kerr-Mcgee Chemical Corporation Method for milling a powder
AT403133B (de) 1996-03-14 1997-11-25 Scheuch Alois Gmbh Sichter
ES2130942B1 (es) * 1996-06-18 2000-02-16 Fundacion Leia Centro De Desar Equipo para separacion de productos volatiles en plantas de tratamiento de residuos urbanos.
DE19718158C2 (de) * 1997-04-29 2003-04-24 Kvaerner Panel Sys Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum windsichtenden Separieren
CN107952576B (zh) * 2017-11-16 2024-03-19 广西浩林人造板股份有限公司 一种纤维板裁边料再生纤维颗粒分离装置
CN112756258B (zh) * 2020-12-25 2023-08-04 南京瑞艺谷智能科技有限公司 一种食疗用薏米加工除杂装置

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE453358C (de) * 1925-09-25 1927-12-05 Kurt Gerson Dipl Ing Vorrichtung zur Zerlegung aus Bestandteilen verschiedenen spezifischen Gewichts und verschiedener Groesse sich zusammensetzenden Mischguts durch einen Luftstrom
DE506318C (de) * 1928-08-04 1930-09-11 Hartstoff Metall A G Hametag Windsichter mit einer Mehrzahl treppenfoermig uebereinander angeordneter schraeggestellter Leitbleche
US2968400A (en) * 1957-11-12 1961-01-17 Clute Corp Material collector
US3883423A (en) * 1973-08-01 1975-05-13 Aerofall Mills Ltd Vertical classifier
US4010096A (en) * 1975-10-09 1977-03-01 Allis-Chalmers Corporation Pneumatic classifier for refuse material with adjustable air intake
US4010097A (en) * 1975-10-09 1977-03-01 Allis-Chalmers Corporation Pneumatic classifier for refuse material with double vortex airflow

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE124300T1 (de) 1995-07-15
DE4040561A1 (de) 1992-07-02
EP0491278A3 (en) 1993-01-27
EP0491278A2 (fr) 1992-06-24
DE59105868D1 (de) 1995-08-03
DE4040561C2 (de) 1995-10-05

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