EP0482437B1 - Auto-initialisation d'un dispositif d'arrêt d'urgence - Google Patents

Auto-initialisation d'un dispositif d'arrêt d'urgence Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0482437B1
EP0482437B1 EP91117271A EP91117271A EP0482437B1 EP 0482437 B1 EP0482437 B1 EP 0482437B1 EP 91117271 A EP91117271 A EP 91117271A EP 91117271 A EP91117271 A EP 91117271A EP 0482437 B1 EP0482437 B1 EP 0482437B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
relay
normally closed
emergency
supply voltage
contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91117271A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0482437A3 (en
EP0482437A2 (fr
Inventor
Karl Stipak
Peter Harsani
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pilz GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Pilz GmbH and Co KG
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Publication date
Application filed by Pilz GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Pilz GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0482437A2 publication Critical patent/EP0482437A2/fr
Publication of EP0482437A3 publication Critical patent/EP0482437A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0482437B1 publication Critical patent/EP0482437B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/002—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
    • H01H47/004—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits using plural redundant serial connected relay operated contacts in controlled circuit
    • H01H47/005—Safety control circuits therefor, e.g. chain of relays mutually monitoring each other

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an emergency stop device with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • the initialization circuit which is necessary in order to bring the relays in the two channels into self-holding, contains a series connection of normally closed contacts of the two relays located in the channels. Following this series connection, a current branch is provided, the one current path in series containing two normally closed contacts which belong to further relays. When you turn on the The supply circuit creates a current flow through the relay in the initialization circuit via these normally closed contacts, so that the relays in the two channels can pick up and hold.
  • the emergency stop device is thus active, without any special switches or buttons having to be actuated after the supply voltage has been switched on.
  • the other current path at the current branching point of the initialization circuit contains, in series, an arbitrarily operated normally open contact, also called an acknowledgment switch, and in series therewith two make contacts of the two relays, which belong to the normally closed contacts in the other current path.
  • the emergency stop switch As soon as the emergency stop switch is actuated and the channels are switched off when the emergency stop device is initialized, the other two control relays simultaneously go into latching mode, which are controlled for this purpose by corresponding switch contacts of the relays from the two channels.
  • the branch which serves to initialize the emergency stop device when the supply voltage is switched on is interrupted in the current branch of the initialization circuit.
  • the branch that contains the acknowledgment switch is prepared. After the fault has been eliminated, the emergency stop device can be reset by pressing the acknowledgment switch by switching on the relay of the initialization circuit in order to reactivate the two channels.
  • the well-known emergency stop device requires a total of five relays with a large number of work and break contacts in order to master the internal control. Corresponding large is the required volume of the known device.
  • the use of the second initialization circuit makes it possible to save a relay, and the second initialization circuit does not need to be implemented in two channels in order to achieve the same security. A single channel is sufficient, because if the switching means of the second initialization circuit get stuck as a result of an error, it is no longer possible to activate the channels, either by applying the supply voltage or by actuating the acknowledgment or initialization switch. If, on the other hand, the second initialization circuit fails, the automatic initialization by switching on the power supply for the emergency stop device ceases immediately. This means that the emergency stop device fails in any case to the safe side or, depending on the fault, it can even be restarted using the acknowledgment button without impairing safety.
  • the arrangement becomes particularly secure when the supply voltages are the same for all parts of the emergency stop device.
  • a relay which contains two normally closed contacts and at least one normally open contact is preferably used as the switching means for the second initialization circuit.
  • One normally closed contact of this relay is in series in each channel, while the normally open contact is connected between the supply voltage and a connection of the storage capacitor.
  • the normally closed contact and one of the working contacts can be combined to form a changeover contact.
  • the normally closed contacts of the relay for the second initialization circuit are advantageously immediately downstream of the switching device which is to be actuated arbitrarily.
  • Charging of the storage capacitor when the switch device is interrupted, which can be actuated arbitrarily, is prevented if the normally open contact in a channel is electrically connected behind this switch device and leads from there to the connection point between the acknowledgment switch and the normally closed contacts.
  • the switching device is closed and operated arbitrarily, the storage capacitor can be charged via the supply voltage if, at the same time, the relays in the two channels have also properly switched to the idle state and none of the contacts has got stuck. Otherwise, initialization is reliably prevented when the supply voltage is switched on and a possible error can be recognized in the same way as when the acknowledgment switch is actuated.
  • the second initialization circuit advantageously has a timing element directly at its input, because the supply voltage is sufficiently stable within sufficiently narrow limits that additional switching elements which regulate the supply voltage for the timing element are unnecessary.
  • the timing element is followed by a pulse shaper, which is advantageously formed from a single transistor, which is overdriven until saturation. A hysteresis is not necessary if there are no excessive voltage fluctuations on the supply voltage.
  • a relay which has an open collector output is expediently connected downstream of the pulse shaper stage.
  • the current consumption of the second initialization circuit can be minimized because no additional collector resistors are necessary.
  • the relay of the second initialization circuit assumes the same switching state after the initialization has ended as when the supply voltage is switched off.
  • the relay of the second initialization circuit may be moved briefly in the direction of the suit, a further timing element suitably sits between the pulse shaper stage and the inverter, which ensures that when the supply voltage is switched off, over a predetermined time the transistor of the inverter remains off, even if prematurely the transistor should turn off the pulse shaper stage.
  • the pulse emitted by the second initialization circuit begins shortly after the supply voltage is switched on, which means that the circuit is only initialized when the supply voltage has stabilized, if voltage dips from other devices can be expected immediately after the switch-on come from.
  • the pulse delivered only needs to be long enough to charge the storage capacitor of the first initialization circuit to a sufficiently high level. A maximum time of 300 msec has been found to be sufficient for this, so that after the pulse has elapsed, the emergency stop device can be switched on again by actuating and releasing the switching device which is to be actuated arbitrarily.
  • the figure shows the circuit of an emergency stop device 1, which is used to interrupt the power supply to machines or systems in dangerous situations.
  • the emergency stop device 1 contains two channels 2 and 3 and a first and a second initialization circuit 4 and 5.
  • the switching device 6 which can be actuated at will and with two normally closed contacts 7 and 8.
  • the switching device 6 which can be actuated arbitrarily is a manual button arranged in the danger area, which locks itself when actuated, or a door contact switch which automatically returns to the idle state and which responds when a protective or device door is opened, giving access to a danger area enables.
  • the normally closed contact 7 is connected to a line 10 with a positive supply voltage. From there, the normally closed contact 7 leads to a normally closed contact 9, which belongs to a relay 11 of the second initialization circuit 5.
  • the normally closed contact 9 is also connected to a normally open contact 12 of a relay 13 belonging to the channel 2, the relay winding 14 of which lies between the normally open contact 12 and a ground line 15.
  • the supply voltage is between line 10 and line 15.
  • the channel 3 is constructed similarly to the channel 2, but the polarity is reversed insofar as the normally closed contact 8 of the switching device 6 is connected to the ground line 15.
  • the normally closed contact 8 leads from the ground line 15 to a normally closed contact 16, which in turn leads to the relay 11 heard and to which a normally open contact 17 of a relay 18 with a relay winding 19 is connected.
  • the relay winding 19 lies between the normally open contact 17 and the line 10.
  • the first initialization circuit 4 has a normally open contact 21, which is connected to the line 10 and, in the closed state, electrically connects the line 10 to two normally closed contacts 22 and 23.
  • the normally closed contact 22 is a contact of the relay 13, while the normally closed contact 23 is a normally closed contact of the relay 18.
  • the normally open contact 26 is parallel to the normally open contact 17 and the normally open contact 27 to the normally open contact 12.
  • a storage capacitor 28 is connected in parallel with the relay winding 24.
  • the second initialization circuit 5 which is connected between lines 10 and 15 in terms of power supply, has an input 29 and an output 31, to which relay 11 is connected with its relay winding 32.
  • a resistor 33 leads from the input 29 to a parallel circuit comprising a capacitor 34 and a resistor 35.
  • the resistor 33 forms, together with the capacitor 34, a timing element 36, which is connected via a Zener diode 37 is connected to the base of an NPN transistor 38.
  • the capacitor 34 is connected in parallel to the series circuit comprising the Zener diode 37 and the base-emitter path of the transistor 38, the emitter of which is connected to the circuit ground 15.
  • a collector load resistor 39 leads from the collector of the transistor 38 to the line 10 with the supply voltage which is positive with respect to the circuit ground.
  • collector load resistor 39 forms a further timing element 43, to which a second transistor 44 is connected via a Zener diode 45 connected to its base; its emitter is connected to the other end of the capacitor 42 and thus to the circuit ground 15.
  • the collector of the transistor 44 is connected as a collector output and forms the output 31 of the second initialization circuit 5, to which the relay winding 32 is connected at one end.
  • the other end of relay winding 32 is connected to line 10, i.e. connected to the positive supply voltage.
  • capacitor 34 which is initially discharged via resistor 35, gradually begins to charge. Since at the beginning of the process the Voltage on the capacitor 34 is very much lower than the nominal voltage of the Zener diode 37, which is operated in the usual way, no current can flow through the resistor 33 to the base of the transistor 38, which thus remains blocked.
  • the current flowing through the collector load 39 can charge the capacitor 42, which is also initially discharged through the resistor 41, the time constant from the resistor 39 and the capacitor 42 being comparatively small compared to the time constant from the resistor 33 and the capacitor 34
  • the timer 43 is approximately 50 msec, so that after approximately 50 msec a voltage is present at the capacitor 42 which is greater than the nominal voltage of the Zener diode 45 plus the forward voltage of the base-emitter path of the transistor 44.
  • the transistor 44 therefore switches through after 50 msec and relay 11 picks up. As a result, its two normally closed contacts 9 and 16 are opened and, at the same time, the normally open contact 20 belonging to the relay 11 is closed.
  • the closed normally open contact 20 electrically connects the normally closed contact 7 to the closed normally closed contact 22, or in other words, the contact path, consisting of the closed normally closed contact 7 and the closed normally open contact 20, is electrically parallel to the manually operated normally open contact 21, thus from the supply line 10 Current can flow through the normally closed contacts 22 and 23 to the relay winding 24 and the storage capacitor 28. As a result, on the one hand the storage capacitor 28 is charged and on the other hand the relay 25 is switched over, as a result of which its two normally open contacts 26 and 27 close. This prepares the self-holding of the two relays 13 and 18, which, however, are still lacking the supply from line 8 with current at this point in time, since the two normally closed contacts 9 and 16 have opened.
  • the capacitor 34 has been charged via the resistor 33 by the voltage on the line 10 to such an extent that its voltage is greater than the nominal voltage of the Z diode 37 plus the forward voltage on the base-emitter diode of the Transistor 38.
  • the transistor 38 thereby becomes conductive and its collector-emitter voltage decreases to values which are below one volt.
  • the capacitor 42 is discharged again within a short time and the voltage on the capacitor 42 decreases to values which are lower than the nominal voltage of the Zener diode 45 and the forward voltage at the base-emitter path of the transistor 44, which means the transistor 44 locks.
  • the relay 11 is switched off, which immediately returns to the position shown in the figure.
  • the relay 25 drops out, since it also no longer receives any current from the supply line 8. Open the two make contacts 26 and 27. Nonetheless, relays 13 and 18 in channels 2 and 3 remain energized since they are self-locking via their own working contacts 12 and 17. When the relays 13 and 18 attract, their working contacts 46 and 47, which are in a working circuit 48 of a machine or system to be monitored, which is not illustrated, also close. To further increase safety, there is also a set of normally closed contacts 49 in the working circuit 48 which belong to the relay 25.
  • the machine monitored by the emergency stop device 1 is thus energized.
  • the second initialization circuit 5 is not affected and makes no contribution to switching the current in channels 2 and 3 on again, since the second initialization circuit 5 has the characteristic of a non-retriggerable monoflop and until the supply voltage is switched on again in the state after Decay of the output pulse remains.
  • the switching device 6 or the closer 21 is actuated, the transistor 38 remains on and the transistor 44 is off.
  • the second initialization circuit 5 Only when the supply voltage on the line 10 disappears, the second initialization circuit 5 is reset to the initial state and can output a pulse of approximately 250 msec at its output 31, which leads to the relay 25 being supplied with current via the normally open contact 20 is supplied. Simultaneously with the switching on of the power supply for the relay 25, any current for the relay windings 14 and 19 is forcibly prevented via the normally closed contacts 9 and 16. A current can only flow through the relay windings 14 and 19 when the pulse that the second initialization circuit 5 supplies at its output 31 has decayed.
  • the switching device 6 If the switching device 6 is not in its rest position when the supply voltage is switched on, the power supply for the relay 25 and the parallel-connected storage capacitor 28 obviously remains uninterrupted despite the closed make contact 20. The current in channels 2 and 3 can therefore not be switched on, so that the working circuit 48 remains de-energized.

Landscapes

  • Relay Circuits (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Looms (AREA)
  • Stand-By Power Supply Arrangements (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Dispositif d'arrêt d'urgence (1) avec un dispositif interrupteur (6) à actionnement arbitraire, contenant deux contacts repos (7, 8), un premier canal (2) raccordé à une tension d'alimentation et présentant, en série, un contact repos (7) du dispositif interrupteur (6), une bobine (14) d'un relais (13) appartenant au canal (2) ainsi qu'un contact travail (14) du relais (13), avec un deuxième canal (3) raccordé à une tension d'alimentation et contenant en série l'autre contact repos (8) du dispositif interrupteur (6), une bobine (19) d'un relais (18) appartenant au canal (3) ainsi qu'un contact travail (17) de ce relais (18), avec un premier circuit d'initialisation (4) raccordé à une tension d'alimentation et présentant en série un contact travail (21) à actionnement arbitraire ainsi qu'un contact repos (22, 23) de chacun des deux relais appartenant aux canaux (2, 3) et une bobine (24) d'un relais (25) qui appartient au circuit d'initialisation et contient deux contacts travail (26, 27) dont chacun (26, 27) est monté en parallèle avec un contact travail (12, 17) dans les canaux (2, 3), ainsi qu'avec un condensateur-accumulateur (28) qui est monté en parallèle avec la bobine de relais (24) du circuit d'initialisation (4), d'autres contacts (46, 47) des relais (13, 18) des canaux (2, 3) se trouvant dans une ligne d'arrivée de courant (48) à une machine ou installation commandée par le dispositif d'arrêt d'urgence (1), caractérisé par le fait qu'il comprend un deuxième circuit d'initialisation (5) qui est alimenté en courant par une tension d'alimentation des canaux (2, 3) et présente une entrée de commande (29) ainsi qu'une sortie de commande (31), que le deuxième circuit d'initialisation (5) est raccordé par son entrée (29) à la tension d'alimentation et présente la caractéristique d'un monostable non-redéclenchable, et qu'à la sortie (31) sont raccordés des moyens de commutation (11) qui, dans un état, empêchent un passage de courant dans les bobines de relais (14, 19) des canaux (2, 3) et, dans cet état de commutation, branchent le condensateur-accumulateur (28) sur la tension d'alimentation.
  2. Dispositif d'arrêt d'urgence suivant revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la tension d'alimentation pour les canaux (2, 3) ainsi que les circuits d'initialisation (4, 5) est la même tension d'alimentation.
  3. Dispositif d'arrêt d'urgence suivant revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que les moyens de commutation sont constitués par un relais (11) qui contient deux contacts repos (9, 16) et au moins un contact travail (20), que chacun des contacts repos (9, 16) se trouve en série avec l'un des canaux (2, 3) et que le contact travail (20) se trouve, du point de vue électrique, entre une connexion (10) de la tension d'alimentation et le condensateur-accumulateur (28).
  4. Dispositif d'arrêt d'urgence suivant revendication 3, caractérisé par le fait que le premier (9) des contacts repos et le contact travail (20) sont réunis sous la forme d'un contact de commutation.
  5. Dispositif d'arrêt d'urgence suivant revendication 3, caractérisé par le fait que les contacts repos (9, 16) du relais (11) relié au deuxième circuit d'initialisation (5) sont situés entre les contacts repos (7, 8) du dispositif interrupteur (6) à actionnement arbitraire et les contacts travail (12, 17) des relais (13, 18) des canaux considérés (2, 3).
  6. Dispositif d'arrêt d'urgence suivant revendication 3, caractérisé par le fait que le contact travail (20) du relais (11) appartenant au deuxième circuit d'initialisation (5) est relié au premier canal (2) entre le contact repos (7) du dispositif interrupteur (6) à actionnement arbitraire et le contact repos (9) du relais (11) appartenant au deuxième circuit d'initialisation (5) et mène de là vers le premier circuit d'initialisation (4) où le contact travail (20) est branché sur la liaison entre le contact travail (21) à actionnement arbitraire ainsi que le montage série des deux contacts repos (22, 23) des relais (13, 18) situés dans les canaux (2, 3).
  7. Dispositif d'arrêt d'urgence suivant revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le deuxième circuit d'initialisation (6) contient un organe de temporisation (36) à son entrée.
  8. Dispositif d'arrêt d'urgence suivant revendication 7, caractérisé par le fait qu'un étage de formation d'impulsions (38) est raccordé à l'organe de temporisation (36).
  9. Dispositif d'arrêt d'urgence suivant revendication 8, caractérisé par le fait que l'étage de formation d'impulsions est constitué par un unique transistor (38).
  10. Dispositif d'arrêt d'urgence suivant revendication 8, caractérisé par le fait qu'un inverseur (44) est situé entre l'étage de formation d'impulsions (38) et la sortie (31) du deuxième circuit d'initialisation (5).
  11. Dispositif d'arrêt d'urgence suivant revendication 10, caractérisé par le fait que l'inverseur est constitué par un transistor (44) à sortie à collecteur ouvert.
  12. Dispositif d'arrêt d'urgence suivant revendication 10, caractérisé par le fait qu'entre l'étage de formation d'impulsions (38) et l'inverseur (44) est situé un organe de temporisation (43) dont la constante de temps est plus petite que la constante de temps du premier organe de temporisation (36) du deuxième circuit d'initialisation (5).
  13. Dispositif d'arrêt d'urgence suivant revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le deuxième circuit d'initialisation (6) émet, lors du branchement de la tension d'alimentation, une impulsion de sortie qui commence avec décalage dans le temps par rapport au branchement du circuit d'alimentation et se termine après une durée prédéterminée suffisante pour pouvoir charger suffisamment le condensateur-accumulateur (28) du premier circuit d'initialisation (4).
EP91117271A 1990-10-24 1991-10-10 Auto-initialisation d'un dispositif d'arrêt d'urgence Expired - Lifetime EP0482437B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4033801A DE4033801C1 (fr) 1990-10-24 1990-10-24
DE4033801 1990-10-24

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0482437A2 EP0482437A2 (fr) 1992-04-29
EP0482437A3 EP0482437A3 (en) 1993-01-27
EP0482437B1 true EP0482437B1 (fr) 1995-03-22

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91117271A Expired - Lifetime EP0482437B1 (fr) 1990-10-24 1991-10-10 Auto-initialisation d'un dispositif d'arrêt d'urgence

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EP (1) EP0482437B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE120305T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4033801C1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0482437T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2069794T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19513191C1 (de) * 1995-03-31 1996-07-25 Schleicher Relais Schaltungsanordnung mit Sicherheitsfunktion
DE10016712C5 (de) 2000-04-04 2004-09-16 Pilz Gmbh & Co. Sicherheitsschaltgerät und Verfahren zur Einstellung einer Betriebsart eines Sicherheitsschaltgeräts

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3821622C2 (de) * 1988-06-27 1997-04-17 Siemens Ag Schützsicherheitsschaltung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59104992D1 (de) 1995-04-27
DK0482437T3 (da) 1995-06-26
EP0482437A3 (en) 1993-01-27
ATE120305T1 (de) 1995-04-15
ES2069794T3 (es) 1995-05-16
EP0482437A2 (fr) 1992-04-29
DE4033801C1 (fr) 1991-12-05

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