EP0461657A2 - Dispositif de visualisation plat - Google Patents

Dispositif de visualisation plat Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0461657A2
EP0461657A2 EP91109734A EP91109734A EP0461657A2 EP 0461657 A2 EP0461657 A2 EP 0461657A2 EP 91109734 A EP91109734 A EP 91109734A EP 91109734 A EP91109734 A EP 91109734A EP 0461657 A2 EP0461657 A2 EP 0461657A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
cathode
fluorescent screen
vertical deflecting
electron beam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91109734A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0461657A3 (en
EP0461657B1 (fr
Inventor
Toshio Ohoshi
Junichi Inoue
Masanobu Yamamoto
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sony Corp
Original Assignee
Sony Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sony Corp filed Critical Sony Corp
Publication of EP0461657A2 publication Critical patent/EP0461657A2/fr
Publication of EP0461657A3 publication Critical patent/EP0461657A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0461657B1 publication Critical patent/EP0461657B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
    • H01J31/08—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted, or stored
    • H01J31/10—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes
    • H01J31/12—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes with luminescent screen
    • H01J31/123—Flat display tubes
    • H01J31/124—Flat display tubes using electron beam scanning

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a flat display having a flat screen capable of displaying various pictures.
  • Japanese Patent Laid-open (Kokai) No. 1-173555 discloses a flat cathode-ray tube of a secondary-electron multiplication type. It is desirable to apply the flat cathode-ray tube of a secondary-electron multiplication type to a flat display with a large screen, such as a 40 in. screen.
  • a flat display like the flat cathode-ray tube disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-open (Kokai) No. 1-173555, is provided with a plurality of cathodes or filaments, and makes sections of a fluorescent screen emit visible light for desired display by striking the fluorescent screen by thermions produced by the cathodes or the filaments and modulated according to display signals.
  • the assignment of the plurality of cathodes or filaments to the sections of the fluorescent screen has a problem that the sections of the fluorescent screen are not uniform in brightness due to difference between the cathodes or filaments in their characteristics.
  • Japanese Patent Laid-open (Kokai) No. 60-115134 discloses a flat display employing a single cathode instead of a plurality of cathodes or filaments to obviate such a problem.
  • Single-cathode structures previously proposed by the applicant of the present patent application in Japanese Patent Application Nos. 1-331593 and 1-331594 are intended to avoid the variation of focusing conditions dependent on the position of a scanning spot on the screen and to enable displaying pictures on a large display screen.
  • a single-cathode structure for a display having a large display screen needs a linear cathode having a large length of about 100 mm or above with respect to the vertical scanning direction; and the linear cathode is liable to vibrate.
  • the vibration of the linear cathode affect the path of the electron beam significantly to deteriorate the definition. Therefore, the linear cathode is provided with stays between the opposite ends thereof to suppress vibration.
  • Fig. 11 shows a conventional single-cathode structure having a single linear cathode 81.
  • the linear cathode 81 is formed by coating a tungsten wire with a ternary salt and is stretched between anchors 82 fixed to an insulating base 80.
  • Stays 83 provided between the anchors 82 supports the linear cathode 81 to prevent the vibration of the linear cathode 81.
  • indicated at 84 is a back plate, and at G1 to G4 are first to fourth grids, respectively.
  • An electron beam of a desired acceleration can be obtained, for example, by applying voltages of 30 V, -5 V, 350 V and 110 V to the first grid G1, the second grid G2, the third grid G3 and the fourth grid G4, respectively, and a voltage of -10 V to the back plate 84.
  • the linear cathode 81 is heated at a high temperature of 760°C or higher.
  • the stays 83 provided to prevent the vibration of the linear cathode 81 increases the ineffective region of the linear cathode 81 and deteriorates the thermion emission characteristics of the linear cathode 81.
  • Electrons emitted by the linear cathode 81 in a plane including the linear cathode 81 and traveling toward a fluorescent screen are divided into a plurality of groups by, for example, a counter electrode.
  • a counter electrode many electrons collide against the counter electrode and become unavailable, and stray electrons produced by the collision of the electrons against the counter electrode charges the exposed surface of the insulating members, such as the surface of the tube entailing disturbance in the picture.
  • sections of the linear cathode 81 must be coated by the ternary salt so as to correspond respectively to the beam dividing sections of the counter electrode, which requires a troublesome work.
  • a flat display comprises a flat tube having a front panel and a back panel facing the front panel, a fluorescent screen formed on the inner surface of the front panel, an electron gun disposed outside a region extending behind the fluorescent screen, a vertical deflecting electrode provided on the inner surface of the back panel and comprising a plurality of parallel electrode elements extending along the horizontal scanning direction and disposed opposite to the fluorescent screen, and an electrode structure disposed between the vertical deflecting electrode and the fluorescent screen so as to construct a vertical deflecting system in combination with the vertical deflecting electrode and comprising at least a counter electrode provided with electron beam transmitting apertures, a modulating electrode and a horizontal deflecting electrode, wherein the electron gun has a cathode consisting of a plurality of field emission cathode elements arranged on a line, and the electron gun emits an electron beam into the space between the electrode structure and the vertical deflecting electrode.
  • the horizontal and vertical scanning directions are not necessarily physically horizontal and vertical directions; they are two directions perpendicular to each other on a screen.
  • the electron gun emits an electron beam into the space between the electrode structure and the vertical deflecting electrode, and the cathode of the electron gun comprises the plurality of field emission cathode elements arranged on a line.
  • the electron beam is a generally planar or linear beam. Desired voltages are applied sequentially to the parallel electrode elements of the vertical deflecting electrode in synchronism with a vertical scanning period to create a deflecting electric field for deflecting the electron beam emitted by the electron gun toward the electrode structure for vertical scanning.
  • the electron beam thus vertically deflected is directed toward the fluorescent screen by applying predetermined voltages to the counter electrode and the vertical deflecting electrode.
  • the electron beam is produced by the plurality of field emission cathode elements. Therefore, the cathode of the electron gun does not vibrate and hence the cathode can be formed in a large length suitable for a large display screen without deteriorating its electron emitting characteristics.
  • the cathode of the electron gun consists of the field emission cathode elements, the back plate and the accelerating electrode, which can be formed accurately in desired shapes, respectively, difference in characteristics between positions on the cathode is very small as compared with that on the conventional cathode consisting of a plurality of filaments. Accordingly, the flat display of the present invention is able to form pictures in uniform brightness.
  • the distribution of the field emission cathode elements according to the width and pitch of the electron transmitting slits of the electrode structure suppresses the emission of unavailable electrons and resultant charging up of the exposed insulating members by secondary electrons and stray electrons to avoid the disturbance of pictures. Reduction of reactive current enables the flat display to display pictures in high brightness without requiring much power.
  • a flat display in a preferred embodiment according to the present invention employs a flat tube 1.
  • the flat tube 1 has a light-transmissive front panel 1F, a back panel 1B and a circumferential wall 1S hermetically joined to the front panel 1F and the back panel 1B.
  • the flat tube 1 is evacuated through a chip-off tube 21, and then the chip-off tube 21 is chipped off after hermetically sealing the flat tube 21.
  • the front panel 1F, the back panel 1B and the circumferential wall 1S are formed of glass plates and are joined together by glass frit.
  • a fluorescent material is applied directly to the inner surface of the front panel 1F or a transparent plate coated with a fluorescent material is applied to the inner surface of the front panel 1F to form a fluorescent screen 2.
  • the fluorescent screen 2 is a metal-backed fluorescent screen formed by coating a fluorescent film with a metal film, such as an aluminum film, by vapor deposition.
  • a vertical deflecting electrode 3 is attached directly to or through a substrate to the inner surface of the back panel 1B.
  • An electrode structure 7 is disposed between the fluorescent screen 2 and the vertical deflecting electrode 3 with a predetermined interval between the vertical deflecting electrode 3 and the electrode structure 7.
  • the vertical deflecting electrode 3 has a plurality of parallel electrode strips 3a having a predetermined width and arranged at predetermined intervals so as to extend in the horizontal scanning direction, the number of the parallel electrode strips 3a being, for example, in a range of 480 to 525 corresponding to the number of the vertical scanning lines.
  • the electrode strips 3a are metal thin films formed by etching a thin film of 426 alloy or chromium, metal thin films formed by vapor deposition or carbon thin films formed by screen printing.
  • an electron gun 10 is disposed outside a region extending behind the fluorescent screen 2, for example, at a position separated from the region extending behind the fluorescent screen 2 in the vertical scanning direction.
  • the electron gun 10 comprises a cathode 1K having a plurality of field emission cathode elements K arranged on a line, and four grid electrodes G1 to G4 disposed opposite to the cathode 1K and provided with slits extending along the horizontal scanning direction.
  • the cathode 1K is, for example, a Spindt field emission cathode consisting of a back plate 41 to which a predetermined negative voltage is applied, the plurality of field emission cathode elements K arranged on a line on the inner surface of the back plate 41, an insulator 42, and an accelerating electrode 43 to which a predetermined positive voltage is applied to accelerate electrons.
  • the back plate 41, the insulator 42 and the accelerating electrode 43 are stacked in layers.
  • the back plate 41 has the shape of a band or strip having a predetermined width and a predetermined length.
  • an insulating layer 42A having an appropriate thickness for example, 1.5 ⁇ m, is formed over the entire surface of the back plate 41 by depositing an insulating material, such as SiO2, by a CVD process (chemical vapor deposition process), and then the insulating layer 42A is coated with a metal layer 43A having an appropriate thickness, for example, 0.4 ⁇ m, by a vapor deposition process or the like.
  • an insulating material such as SiO2
  • CVD process chemical vapor deposition process
  • circular holes 44 of an appropriate diameter for example, 1.2 ⁇ m, are formed at a longitudinal pitch p on the order of 5 ⁇ m in the metal layer 43A by anisotropic etching process, such as a RIE process (reactive ion etching process) to form the accelerating electrode 43.
  • Holes 45 of a diameter greater than that of the circular holes 44 are formed in the insulating layer 42A by etching the insulating layer 42A through the circular holes 44 by an isotropic etching process.
  • a metal layer 46 such as a Ni layer
  • a metal layer 46 is formed over the accelerating electrode 43 by an oblique vapor deposition process.
  • the back plate 41 is rotated to form holes 46A having the shape of a frustum of circular cone in the metal layer 46 over the circular holes 44, respectively.
  • the oblique vapor deposition of the metal layer 46 is performed so that any metal layer is not deposited in the holes 45.
  • an electrode layer 47 such as a Mo layer, is formed over the metal layer 46 by a vapor deposition process.
  • each field emission cathode element K has the shape of a circular cone having a circular bottom of a diameter substantially equal to that of the lower circle of the hole formed in the metal layer 46.
  • the metal layer 46 and the electrode layer 47 formed over the accelerating electrode 43 are removed to complete the cathode 1K of the electron gun 10.
  • the pitch of the field emission cathode elements K is substantially equal to the pitch p of the circular holes 44, and the distance l with respect to the longitudinal direction of the cathode 1K between the tip of the field emission element K and the edge of the corresponding circular hole 44 of the accelerating electrode 43 is on the order of 0.6 ⁇ m.
  • the field emission cathode elements K formed by the foregoing process are more uniform in characteristics than the plurality of filaments employed in the conventional flat display. Accordingly, the field emission cathode elements K , similarly to the single-line cathode, enables displaying pictures in uniform brightness.
  • a predetermined voltage is applied across the back plate 41 and accelerating electrode 43 of the electron gun 10 to make the field emission cathode elements K electrons having predetermined energy
  • predetermined voltages are applied to the first grid electrode G1 comprising a meshed metal plate provided with circular through holes at positions corresponding respectively to the field emission cathode elements K , and the second grid electrode G2, the third electrode G3 and the fourth electrode G4 having a shape resembling a frame as shown in Fig. 6 to produce the electron beam b having the shape of a band or a strip.
  • the electron beam b spreading in the horizontal scanning direction namely a laminar flow of the electrons emitted by the field emission cathode elements K , is introduced into the space between the electrode structure 7 and the vertical deflecting electrode 3.
  • the counter electrode 4 comprises an electrode plate provided with a plurality of parallel slits SL extending along the vertical scanning direction and arranged at a predetermined pitch P SL , for example, a pitch of 2 mm.
  • the modulating electrode 5 comprises an insulating plate S M provided with electron beam transmission slits h M corresponding respectively to the slits SL of the counter electrode 4, and conductive layers 5a formed along the edges of the electron beam transmitting slits h M .
  • the horizontal deflecting electrode 6 comprises two superposed electrode plates 6a and 6b.
  • the electrode plates 6a and 6b have insulating plates S H1 and S H2 provided with electron beam transmitting slits h H1 and h H2 corresponding to the slits SL of the counter electrode 4 and the electron beam transmitting slits h M of the modulating electrode 5, respectively.
  • Conductive layers 6a1 and 6a2 are formed on the edges of the electron beam transmitting slits h H1
  • conductive layers 6b1 and 6b2 are formed on the edges of the electron beam transmitting slits h H2 .
  • the insulating plates S M of the modulating electrode 5, and the insulating plates S H1 and S H2 of the horizontal deflecting electrode 6 are formed of for example, a photosenstive glass, and the electron beam transmitting slits h M , h H1 and h H2 are formed by an optical process, i.e., a photographic process.
  • the conductive layers 5a, 6a1, 6a2, 6b1 and 6b2 are, for example, Ni layers formed by electroless plating or electroplating.
  • the electrode structure 7 may be provided with a shield electrode 12 disposed between the fluorescent screen 2 and the horizontal deflecting electrode 6 of the electrode structure 7.
  • the shield electrode 12 comprises a plurality of metal plates, for example, four metal plates 12A, 12B, 12C and 12D provided with electron beam transmitting slits h SA , h SB , h SC and h SD , respectively, corresponding to the electron beam transmitting slits h H2 .
  • the adjacent electrodes i.e., the counter electrode 4, the modulating electrode 5, the horizontal deflecting electrode 6, the electrode plates 12A, 12B, 12C and 12D of the shield electrode 12 are isolated from each other for insulation with insulating balls 11, such as glass beads.
  • the electrode structure 7 is set apart from the front panel 1F by a predetermined interval with insulating balls 11.
  • Vertical fluorescent triplets each consisting of red, green and blue fluorescent stripes are formed on the fluorescent screen 2 so that a plurality of fluorescent triplets correspond to each electron beam transmitting slit h SD .
  • the field emission cathode elements K can be made to emit electrons of predetermined energy by applying a voltage of 0 V to the back plate 41 and applying a voltage of 80 V to the accelerating electrode 43.
  • Voltages of 30 V, -5 V, 350 V and 100 V are applied respectively to the first grid electrode G1, the second grid electrode G2, the third grid electrode G3 and the fourth electrode grid G4.
  • Predetermined voltages are applied to the counter electrode 4 and the parallel electrode stripes 3a.
  • the vertical deflecting electrode 3 and the counter electrode 4 constitute a vertical deflecting system 34.
  • the adjacent electrode strips 3a1 and 3a2 of the parallel electrode stripes 3 on the opposite sides of a predetermined vertical scanning position V are charged so that a potential difference is produced between the adjacent electrode strips 3a1 and 3a2, namely, a voltage of 100 V, which is equal to the voltage applied to the counter electrode 4, is applied to all the electrode strips 3a including the electrode strip 3a1 on the side of the electron gun 10 with respect to the predetermined vertical scanning position V , and a voltage of 0 V is applied to all the electrode strips 3a including the electrode strip 3a2 on the opposite side with respect to the predetermined vertical scanning position V , and then the predetermined vertical scanning position V is shifted in the vertical scanning direction in synchronism with the scanning speed and the scanning period.
  • the electron beam b is deflected in the vicinity of the electrode strips 3a1 and 3a2 toward the slits SL of the counter electrode 4 as shown in Fig. 3.
  • the electron beam b are divided into a plurality of fractional electron beams.
  • the number of the fractional electron beams is equal to that of the slits SL.
  • a voltage of 10 kV, for instance is applied to the fluorescent screen 2
  • voltages of 2 kV, 4 kV, 6 kV and 8 kV are applied respectively to the electrode plates 12A, 12B, 12C and 12D of the shield electrode 12 to shield the horizontal deflecting electrode 6 and the modulating electrode 5 from the influence of the high voltage applied to the fluorescent screen 2.
  • the single laminar electron beam b activates the entire area of the fluorescent screen 2. If the density of the electron beam b is insufficient to produce a sufficient anode current, a secondary-electron multiplier 22 as shown in Fig. 9 may be provided between the modulating electrode 5 and the horizontal deflecting electrode 6.
  • the secondary-electron multiplier 22 comprises electrode plates 22A, 22B and 22C arranged one after the other between the modulating electrode 5 and the horizontal deflecting electrode 6.
  • the electrode plates 22A, 22B and 22C are provided respectively with electron beam transmitting slits h MA , h MB and h MC corresponding to the slits SL.
  • the inner surfaces of the electron beam transmitting slits h MA , h MB and h MC are coated with a material having a high secondary-emission ratio, such as Mg, to emit a large number of secondary electrons for secondary emission upon the bombardment of the electrons thereon so that the electron beam traveling toward the fluorescent screen 2 builds up in strength.
  • the electrode plates 22A, 22B and 22C may be isolated from each other with insulating balls 11, such as glass beads.
  • a horizontal deflecting electrode 6 comprising three electrically isolated electrode plates 6A, 6B and 6C provided respectively with electron beam transmitting slits h HA , h HB and h HC as shown in Fig. 10.
  • the slit h HB of the electrode plate 6B is shifted in one direction relative to the corresponding slit h HA of the electrode plate 6A
  • the slit h HC of the electrode plate 6C is shifted in the opposite direction relative to the corresponding slit h HA of the electrode plate 6A to deflect a fractional electron beam b S horizontally for minute horizontal deflection at a high definition.
  • the field emission cathode elements K may be disposed in an arrangement other than that shown in Fig. 6 in which the back plate 41 and the accelerating electrode 43 are common to all the field emission cathode elements K .
  • a plurality of back plates and a plurality of accelerating electrodes may be provided respectively for the plurality of field emission cathode elements K .
  • the field emission cathode elements K of the cathode 1K correspond respectively to the slits SL of the counter electrode 4.
  • Each field emission cathode element K corresponding to each slit SL may be a multiple cathode element.
  • the cathode 1K comprising the plurality of field emission cathode elements K or a plurality of multiple cathode elements corresponding respectively to the slits SL reduces the production of unavailable electrons resulting from the impingement of electrons on portions of the electrode structure 7 other than the slits SL, as compared with a cathode provided with the conventional cathode provided with a single cathode element having the shape of a band, so that reactive current can be reduced.

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  • Cathode-Ray Tubes And Fluorescent Screens For Display (AREA)
EP19910109734 1990-06-14 1991-06-13 Dispositif de visualisation plat Expired - Lifetime EP0461657B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP156168/90 1990-06-14
JP2156168A JP2982222B2 (ja) 1990-06-14 1990-06-14 平面型表示装置

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0461657A2 true EP0461657A2 (fr) 1991-12-18
EP0461657A3 EP0461657A3 (en) 1992-03-11
EP0461657B1 EP0461657B1 (fr) 1997-08-13

Family

ID=15621839

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19910109734 Expired - Lifetime EP0461657B1 (fr) 1990-06-14 1991-06-13 Dispositif de visualisation plat

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0461657B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2982222B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE69127233T2 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2259183A (en) * 1991-03-06 1993-03-03 Sony Corp Flat image-display apparatus
US5347292A (en) * 1992-10-28 1994-09-13 Panocorp Display Systems Super high resolution cold cathode fluorescent display
US5473219A (en) * 1991-03-06 1995-12-05 Sony Corporation Field emission type flat display apparatus
DE19534228A1 (de) * 1995-09-15 1997-03-20 Licentia Gmbh Kathodenstrahlröhre mit einer Feldemissionskathode

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4866028B2 (ja) * 2005-07-11 2012-02-01 日本放送協会 電界放出型ディスプレイ及びその駆動方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1985005491A1 (fr) * 1984-05-11 1985-12-05 Sri International Affichage a panneau plat utilisant un reseau lineaire de cathodes d'emission de champ
EP0288095A1 (fr) * 1987-02-27 1988-10-26 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Dispositif d'affichage
EP0328079A2 (fr) * 1988-02-08 1989-08-16 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Dispositif plat à tube à rayons cathodiques pour reproduction d'images
EP0434054A1 (fr) * 1989-12-21 1991-06-26 Sony Corporation Dispositif d'affichage plat

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1985005491A1 (fr) * 1984-05-11 1985-12-05 Sri International Affichage a panneau plat utilisant un reseau lineaire de cathodes d'emission de champ
EP0288095A1 (fr) * 1987-02-27 1988-10-26 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Dispositif d'affichage
EP0328079A2 (fr) * 1988-02-08 1989-08-16 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Dispositif plat à tube à rayons cathodiques pour reproduction d'images
EP0434054A1 (fr) * 1989-12-21 1991-06-26 Sony Corporation Dispositif d'affichage plat

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2259183A (en) * 1991-03-06 1993-03-03 Sony Corp Flat image-display apparatus
GB2259183B (en) * 1991-03-06 1995-01-18 Sony Corp Flat image-display apparatus
US5473219A (en) * 1991-03-06 1995-12-05 Sony Corporation Field emission type flat display apparatus
US5347292A (en) * 1992-10-28 1994-09-13 Panocorp Display Systems Super high resolution cold cathode fluorescent display
DE19534228A1 (de) * 1995-09-15 1997-03-20 Licentia Gmbh Kathodenstrahlröhre mit einer Feldemissionskathode

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69127233D1 (de) 1997-09-18
JP2982222B2 (ja) 1999-11-22
DE69127233T2 (de) 1998-03-19
EP0461657A3 (en) 1992-03-11
JPH0448538A (ja) 1992-02-18
EP0461657B1 (fr) 1997-08-13

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