EP0458725B1 - Fenêtre avec ventilation mécanique - Google Patents
Fenêtre avec ventilation mécanique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0458725B1 EP0458725B1 EP91610042A EP91610042A EP0458725B1 EP 0458725 B1 EP0458725 B1 EP 0458725B1 EP 91610042 A EP91610042 A EP 91610042A EP 91610042 A EP91610042 A EP 91610042A EP 0458725 B1 EP0458725 B1 EP 0458725B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- sash
- window
- air
- fan
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000005399 mechanical ventilation Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001234 light alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000002105 tongue Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F7/007—Ventilation with forced flow
- F24F7/013—Ventilation with forced flow using wall or window fans, displacing air through the wall or window
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B7/00—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows
- E06B7/02—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows for providing ventilation, e.g. through double windows; Arrangement of ventilation roses
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B7/00—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows
- E06B7/02—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows for providing ventilation, e.g. through double windows; Arrangement of ventilation roses
- E06B7/10—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows for providing ventilation, e.g. through double windows; Arrangement of ventilation roses by special construction of the frame members
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
- F24F13/18—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates specially adapted for insertion in flat panels, e.g. in door or window-pane
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B7/00—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows
- E06B7/02—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows for providing ventilation, e.g. through double windows; Arrangement of ventilation roses
- E06B2007/023—Air flow induced by fan
Definitions
- the invention relates to a window having a main frame and a glass-supporting sash installed therein to be openable by pivoting the sash with respect to the main frame about a pivot axis, said sash comprising horizontal and vertical sash members, each having a pair of opposite sides facing an adjacent main frame member and a pane member, respectively, and inner and outer sides extending between said opposite sides generally parallel to said pane member, a lock fitting comprising a lock casing being secured on one of said sash members parallel to the pivot axis to be shiftable between at least one locked position and a release position in which the window may be opened, a flow passage for ventilation between the air inside and outside the window being provided at said one sash member, said passage comprising air inlet and air outlet openings in said inner and outer sides of said one sash member.
- Such a window is known from DE-U-6903921 which discloses an openable roof member, in which a ventilation gap is formed at the upper sash member, which gap can be barred inwardly by a flap hinged to the sash member and connected with an operating device for the lock fitting.
- a window is known in which a ventilating chamber is permanently installed as an integral part of a main frame member which further comprises an outer compartment positioned opposite the air outlet opening which through its end walls discharges the air laterally in relation to the pane, thereby making the ventilation more insensible to wind conditions.
- the space required by the ventilation chamber necessitates that the main frame member has a greater height than ordinary windows without mechanical ventilation.
- a window having an outer sash fixed to the frame so that the window as such can not be opened.
- a ventilation and heating unit is mounted on the frame.
- the unit carries two panes of glass mounted in each their hollow casing.
- the inner casing includes a fan and is mounted movable in relation to the main frame in order to allow cleaning of an air filter positioned between the two casings in air flow passage.
- the window main frame and the sash are composed of the same elements, notwithstanding the window is provided with mechanical ventilation or not.
- a powered ventilation unit comprising a chamber with a fan is pivotally mounted on the inner side of said one sash member in flow communication with said flow passage and includes a handle rail for manual operation to pivot said unit between extreme positions, an operating device being so connected with said unit as to shift said lock fitting to said locked position when the ventilation unit is in one of its extreme positions and to said release position when the ventilation unit is pivoted to its other extreme position.
- the window according to the invention is advantageously designed so that the exhaust fan is a cross-flow fan with an elongated impeller and that an air guide plate extends at increasing distance to the periphery of the impeller from the lower part of the chamber at an air inlet opening to an area next to the upper edge of a sideways facing air outlet opening.
- the elongated cross-flow fan allows the chamber to be elongated with a suitable small height and width in comparison with the length to impart to the window an aesthetically handsome appearance when the chamber has been mounted on the upper horizontal sash member.
- the guide plate enhances the degree of efficiency of the fan.
- the window is preferably provided with a check valve flap allowing outflow but not inflow of air.
- Fig. 1 shows a section of the window capable of providing mechanical as well as natural ventilation.
- a stationary, upper main frame member 1 of the pivot-hung window is shown which may be installed in the roof construction or wall, not shown, and there is further shown a tiltable sash 2 carrying a double-glazed window pane 3.
- the upper main frame member and sash member are outwardly shielded by a profiled flashing 4 having along its lower edge two tongues 5, 6 for carrying a filter 7 whose inward and upward facing ends abut on the glazing bead 8 secured on sash 2, when the window is closed.
- a box-shaped ventilating chamber 9 is near the lower edge of its outward facing lateral wall 10 hingedly connected with sash 2 so that chamber 9 may be swung about the hinge as shown by the arrow A between a closed extreme position (fist locked position) in which lateral wall 10, if necessary through gaskets, abuts on sash 2 as well as main frame 1, whereby chamber 9 completely covers said clearance, and the intermediate position shown in Fig. 1 (second locked position) which provides for natural ventilation through the ventilation gap 11, opened between the upper edge of the chamber and the lower edge of main frame member 1.
- a lock casing 12 is secured on the top surface of sash member 2 and opposite the main frame member there is a strike plate 13 which in the locked position of the window engages locking pins, not shown, in lock casing 12.
- the locking pins are controlled by a linkage 14 connected with a hinge mounted approximately centrally of lateral wall 10.
- the lock casing may through linkage 14 keep the chamber in the closed position or in the intermediate position. If the chamber is pivoted further away from the main frame, the locking pins release the connection with the strike plate, following which the window may be opened upon swinging the upper sash member 2 inwards.
- Chamber 9 is produced from a blank in the form of a profile rod, e.g. extruded, made from light alloy or plastic material. Integrally with the lateral wall 10 the profile has a bottom 15 and an inwards facing lateral wall 10 together with a top side 17 extended beyond wall 16 into a protrusion or flange 18, the free end 19 of which is angularly bent downwards and provided with a bulge to form a finger grip with which chamber 9 may be swung and the window be opened.
- a profile rod e.g. extruded
- the profile Integrally with the lateral wall 10 the profile has a bottom 15 and an inwards facing lateral wall 10 together with a top side 17 extended beyond wall 16 into a protrusion or flange 18, the free end 19 of which is angularly bent downwards and provided with a bulge to form a finger grip with which chamber 9 may be swung and the window be opened.
- chamber 9 When chamber 9 is in the closed extreme position the ambient air of an exhaust fan 20 accommodated in the chamber is drawn in through a number of inlet openings 21 at the bottom 15 and blown out of the chamber through a number of discharge openings 22 located adjacent the clearance between the main frame and the sash in lateral wall 10, from which the air passes out into the open air.
- This course of flow is indicated by the arrows B, C and D in Fig. 1, even though the chamber here is shown in the intermediate position.
- the embodiment of the window shown in Fig. 2 has a ventilation passage 23 in the upper sash member 2, thereby enabling the upper side of the sash member proper to continue up to the main frame member. Passage 23 debouches into the cavity space in flashing 4. Lateral wall 10 carries a gasket 24 encircling the discharge opening 22 of the chamber and preventing leakage at the transition to the passage.
- passage 23 may be provided in the stop member and chamber 9 may then be connected with the locking device of the window, as described above and shown in Fig. 4.
- Chamber 9 is provided with two insert components acting as end walls 26, in which a shaft 27 for the impeller 28 of the fan is journalled.
- An electric motor 29 is in driving connection with shaft 27 and is coupled to a power supply through a conduit 30 that may be drawn down along the sash to a holder, not shown, mounted in its pivot bracket.
- Shaft 27 may carry a number, e.g. three, of spaced apart body plates 31 to which several inclined blades 32 distributed along the periphery are connected.
- the impeller 28 covers by and large the total length between end walls 26.
- Inlet openings 21 are designed as elongated, parallel piercings in bottom 15. The width of the inlet openings is larger than the width of the intermediate ribs which eliminate the opportunity for fingers or objects to get into the interior of chamber 9.
- Outlet opening 22 is as far as possible continuous throughout the length of the impeller but is interrupted by a fixture to secure linkage 14.
- Each of the outlet openings 22 may, if desired, be provided with a check valve flap 38 only allowing air to be discharged from the chamber.
- the flap may be balanced so that even a slight opening force is sufficient to expose the entire outlet opening.
- Lateral wall 10 carried the one part of two hinges 39, the other part of which is secured in sash member 2.
- the chamber forming profile rod may be composed of a number of profile rod members.
- the slotted inlet openings 21 may be replaced by a single elongated opening over the length of the impeller, said opening being then covered by a net or a similar access immpeding material.
- a plurality of juxtaposed ventilating chambers 9 may be used in case the window width is large.
- other types of fans may be used, such as axial fans mounted at the ends of chamber 9.
- An electrical contact member (not shown) may be mounted either on the sash part or on the main frame part in connection with ventilating chamber 9, said electrical contact member ensuring that the fan is out of operation when the casing is pivoted away from the locked extreme position.
- the contact member may be an electrical on-off switch or may alternatively be a sensor to activate an electronical control system for one or more windows.
- the fan may naturally also be a fan ventilating air into the room on the inside of the window.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Specific Sealing Or Ventilating Devices For Doors And Windows (AREA)
- Window Of Vehicle (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Self-Closing Valves And Venting Or Aerating Valves (AREA)
- Compressor (AREA)
Claims (5)
- Fenêtre ayant un cadre principal (1) et un châssis (9) porteur de vitre monté dans ce cadre et ouvrable par pivotement du châssis autour d'un axe de pivotement par rapport audit cadre principal, ledit châssis comprenant des éléments de châssis horizontaux et verticaux, chacun ayant une paire de faces opposées faisant face à un élément adjacent du cadre principal et un panneau de vitre, respectivement, et des faces intérieures et extérieures s'étendant entre lesdites faces opposées et généralement parallèles audit panneau de vitre, une serrure comprenant un palâtre (12) étant fixée sur un desdits panneau de vitre parallèles à l'axe de pivotement et pouvant être déplacé entre au moins une position fermée et une position de blocage dans laquelle la fenêtre peut être ouverte, un passage d'écoulement pour la ventilation entre l'air à l'intérieur et à l'extérieur de la fenêtre étant prévu sur l'un desdits éléments de châssis, ledit passage comprenant des ouvertures (22) de prise d'air et d'écoulement d'air dans lesdites faces intérieures et extérieures de l'un desdits éléments de châssis, caractérisée en ce qu'une unité de ventilation commandée comprenant une chambre (9) avec un ventilateur est montée à pivotement sur la face intérieure de l'un desdits éléments (2) de châssis en communication d'écoulement avec ledit passage d'écoulement et comprend un levier d'actionnement (18) pour la commande manuelle du pivotement de ladite unité entre les positions extrêmes, un dispositif de commande (14) étant relié à ladite unité de manière à faire passer ladite serrure à ladite position fermée, lorsque l'unité de ventilation est dans une de ses positions extrêmes, et à ladite position de déblocage, lorsque l'unité de ventilation est pivotée à son autre position extrême.
- Fenêtre selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ledit dispositif de commande (14) est relié à ladite serrure de manière à permettre à ladite unité de ventilation de prendre une position intermédiaire entre lesdites positions extrêmes pour fournir de la ventilation naturelle par ledit passage d'écoulement dans une position fermée dudit châssis, un circuit d'alimentation en courant du moteur dudit ventilateur électrique incorporant un organe de contact électrique pour assurer que le ventilateur est hors service quand l'unité de ventilation a été éloignée d'une desdites positions extrêmes.
- Fenêtre selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que la chambre (9) comprend un profilé allongé fait d'un alliage d'aluminium ou d'une matière plastique et muni de parois terminales (26) et que le levier d'actionnement est une saillie (18) formée en une pièce avec la chambre.
- Fenêtre selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le ventilateur (20) est un ventilateur à écoulement transversal à rotor (28) allongé et qu'une plaque directrice d'air (34) s'étend, à distance croissante de la périphérie du rotor, depuis le bas de la chambre à une ouverture de prise d'air (21) jusqu'à une zone près du bord supérieur d'une ouverture latérale de sortie d'air (22).
- Fenêtre selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'un clapet de retenue (38) est prévu à l'ouverture de sortie d'air (22) de la chambre, ledit clapet permettant la sortie, mais non l'entrée d'air.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DK127990A DK164964C (da) | 1990-05-23 | 1990-05-23 | Vindue med mekanisk ventilation |
DK1279/90 | 1990-05-23 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0458725A1 EP0458725A1 (fr) | 1991-11-27 |
EP0458725B1 true EP0458725B1 (fr) | 1994-06-29 |
Family
ID=8103059
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP91610042A Expired - Lifetime EP0458725B1 (fr) | 1990-05-23 | 1991-05-07 | Fenêtre avec ventilation mécanique |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0458725B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH04231576A (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE107992T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69102682T2 (fr) |
DK (1) | DK164964C (fr) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10031420C2 (de) * | 2000-06-28 | 2003-04-17 | Damgartener Tischler Gmbh | Fenster mit Lüftungseinrichtung |
EP2784240A2 (fr) | 2013-03-12 | 2014-10-01 | VKR Holding A/S | Système de fenêtre de toit comprenant une fenêtre de toit et un ensemble de ventilation et procédé de fonctionnement de l'ensemble de ventilation dans la fenêtre de toit |
DE202016100906U1 (de) | 2016-02-19 | 2016-07-05 | Vkr Holding A/S | Dachfenstersystem mit einem Dachfenster und einem Belüftungsaufbau |
CN111720930A (zh) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-09-29 | 黄邦民 | 一种节能环保铝合金门窗 |
EP3901404A1 (fr) | 2017-07-21 | 2021-10-27 | VKR Holding A/S | Système de fenêtre de toit comprenant un ensemble de ventilation et utilisation du système de fenêtre de toit en tant que système de transfert de chaleur décentralisé |
EP4235045A2 (fr) | 2016-10-14 | 2023-08-30 | VKR Holding A/S | Système de fenêtre de toit comprenant un ensemble de ventilation avec un dispositif d'échappement et procédé de fonctionnement d'un ensemble de ventilation d'un tel système de fenêtre de toit |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2303441B (en) * | 1995-07-18 | 1999-05-26 | Robertson Harriet May | Ventilation systems |
GB2328501B (en) * | 1996-04-12 | 1999-12-08 | Mark Baker | Ventilation fans |
GB9702201D0 (en) * | 1997-02-04 | 1997-03-26 | Polypipe Plc | Ventilation apparatus |
GB9716000D0 (en) | 1997-07-29 | 1997-10-01 | Titon Hardware | Ventilator |
DE10323686A1 (de) * | 2003-05-22 | 2004-12-09 | Ludger Lange | Lüftungskontrollsensor |
EP1486637B1 (fr) | 2003-06-12 | 2009-08-05 | Lidartech Co., Ltd. | Fenêtre avec dispositif de ventilation |
DE102004014524A1 (de) * | 2004-03-23 | 2005-10-20 | Heinz Becks | Querstrom-Fensterfalz-Abluftgerät |
EP2547855B1 (fr) * | 2010-03-19 | 2017-07-26 | Zhijun Dong | Fenetre ou porte ventilée |
DE102011101406A1 (de) * | 2011-05-13 | 2012-11-29 | Johann Matuschek | Raumbelüftungssystem mit zumindest einem Raumbelüftungsmodul |
DK180106B1 (en) * | 2012-01-13 | 2020-05-05 | Vkr Holding A/S | A window having interchangeable interface means and a method of providing a window |
EP3063356B1 (fr) * | 2013-10-30 | 2017-12-06 | VKR Holding A/S | Ensemble de mise en oeuvre et de ventilation et fenêtre comprenant un cadre, un châssis et ledit ensemble de mise en oeuvre et de ventilation |
CN104653072B (zh) * | 2014-10-22 | 2017-05-17 | 浙江瑞明节能科技股份有限公司 | 一种附设在门窗附框结构中的风道结构 |
WO2017100980A1 (fr) * | 2015-12-14 | 2017-06-22 | 宁波市海曙松井工贸有限公司 | Fenêtre/porte d'aération et dispositif d'articulation associé |
CN107646444A (zh) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-02-02 | 马二峰 | 一种通风窗 |
DE102019127809A1 (de) * | 2019-10-15 | 2021-04-15 | Benjamin Scheidler | Vorrichtung zur Be- und/oder Entlüftung von Räumen |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3440948A (en) * | 1966-06-13 | 1969-04-29 | B W Bailey & Son Ltd | Window sash ventilating means |
GB1510786A (en) * | 1974-07-19 | 1978-05-17 | Bierlich J H | Ventilators |
GB2063460A (en) * | 1979-09-20 | 1981-06-03 | Code Designs | Window-mounted Ventilators |
FI73045C (fi) * | 1985-08-22 | 1988-05-17 | Partek Ab | Foenster. |
-
1990
- 1990-05-23 DK DK127990A patent/DK164964C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1991
- 1991-05-07 EP EP91610042A patent/EP0458725B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-05-07 DE DE69102682T patent/DE69102682T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-05-07 AT AT91610042T patent/ATE107992T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-05-21 JP JP3144230A patent/JPH04231576A/ja active Pending
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10031420C2 (de) * | 2000-06-28 | 2003-04-17 | Damgartener Tischler Gmbh | Fenster mit Lüftungseinrichtung |
EP2784240A2 (fr) | 2013-03-12 | 2014-10-01 | VKR Holding A/S | Système de fenêtre de toit comprenant une fenêtre de toit et un ensemble de ventilation et procédé de fonctionnement de l'ensemble de ventilation dans la fenêtre de toit |
EP2784240A3 (fr) * | 2013-03-12 | 2016-10-26 | VKR Holding A/S | Système de fenêtre de toit comprenant une fenêtre de toit et un ensemble de ventilation et procédé de fonctionnement de l'ensemble de ventilation dans la fenêtre de toit |
DK179084B1 (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2017-10-16 | Vkr Holding As | A roof window system comprising a ventilation assembly and method of operating such a ventilation assembly |
DE202016100906U1 (de) | 2016-02-19 | 2016-07-05 | Vkr Holding A/S | Dachfenstersystem mit einem Dachfenster und einem Belüftungsaufbau |
EP4235045A2 (fr) | 2016-10-14 | 2023-08-30 | VKR Holding A/S | Système de fenêtre de toit comprenant un ensemble de ventilation avec un dispositif d'échappement et procédé de fonctionnement d'un ensemble de ventilation d'un tel système de fenêtre de toit |
EP3901404A1 (fr) | 2017-07-21 | 2021-10-27 | VKR Holding A/S | Système de fenêtre de toit comprenant un ensemble de ventilation et utilisation du système de fenêtre de toit en tant que système de transfert de chaleur décentralisé |
DE202018006681U1 (de) | 2017-07-21 | 2022-05-05 | Vkr Holding A/S | Dachfenstersystem mit einer Lüftungsanordnung und Verwendung des Dachfenstersystems als dezentralisiertes Wärmeübertragungssystem |
CN111720930A (zh) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-09-29 | 黄邦民 | 一种节能环保铝合金门窗 |
CN111720930B (zh) * | 2020-06-29 | 2021-11-26 | 烟台纳维新材料股份有限公司 | 一种节能环保铝合金门窗 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE107992T1 (de) | 1994-07-15 |
DK164964B (da) | 1992-09-21 |
DK127990D0 (da) | 1990-05-23 |
DE69102682D1 (de) | 1994-08-04 |
EP0458725A1 (fr) | 1991-11-27 |
DK164964C (da) | 1993-02-08 |
DK127990A (da) | 1991-11-24 |
DE69102682T2 (de) | 1995-02-09 |
JPH04231576A (ja) | 1992-08-20 |
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