EP0453783B1 - Schmiermittel für die Züge von Posaunen oder dgl. Musikinstrumenten - Google Patents

Schmiermittel für die Züge von Posaunen oder dgl. Musikinstrumenten Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0453783B1
EP0453783B1 EP91104640A EP91104640A EP0453783B1 EP 0453783 B1 EP0453783 B1 EP 0453783B1 EP 91104640 A EP91104640 A EP 91104640A EP 91104640 A EP91104640 A EP 91104640A EP 0453783 B1 EP0453783 B1 EP 0453783B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lubricant
silicone oil
soap solution
use according
trombones
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91104640A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0453783A1 (de
Inventor
Jürgen Ernst Königs
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
    • C10M105/22—Carboxylic acids or their salts
    • C10M105/24—Carboxylic acids or their salts having only one carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom, cycloaliphatic carbon atom or hydrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
    • C10M107/50—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing silicon
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M155/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M143/00 - C10M153/00
    • C10M155/02—Monomer containing silicon
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    • C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
    • C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D7/00—General design of wind musical instruments
    • G10D7/10—Lip-reed wind instruments, i.e. using the vibration of the musician's lips, e.g. cornets, trumpets, trombones or French horns
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D9/00—Details of, or accessories for, wind musical instruments
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    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/02—Water
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    • C10M2207/1203—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms used as base material
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    • C10M2207/1253—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids used as base material
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    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/16—Naphthenic acids
    • C10M2207/163—Naphthenic acids used as base material
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    • C10M2207/18—Tall oil acids
    • C10M2207/183—Tall oil acids used as base material
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    • C10M2229/05—Siloxanes with specific structure containing atoms other than silicon, hydrogen, oxygen or carbon
    • C10M2229/053—Siloxanes with specific structure containing atoms other than silicon, hydrogen, oxygen or carbon containing sulfur
    • C10M2229/0535—Siloxanes with specific structure containing atoms other than silicon, hydrogen, oxygen or carbon containing sulfur used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
    • C10M2229/05—Siloxanes with specific structure containing atoms other than silicon, hydrogen, oxygen or carbon
    • C10M2229/054—Siloxanes with specific structure containing atoms other than silicon, hydrogen, oxygen or carbon containing phosphorus
    • C10M2229/0545—Siloxanes with specific structure containing atoms other than silicon, hydrogen, oxygen or carbon containing phosphorus used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/06—Instruments or other precision apparatus, e.g. damping fluids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/01—Emulsions, colloids, or micelles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the use of a lubricant for the trombone or similar musical instrument trains.
  • a lubricant for the inner mold in tire manufacture which consists of a mixture of a polydimethylsiloxane, a silane and a surfactant, which mixture can optionally contain a metal salt of an organic acid.
  • a particularly good lubrication between the inner surface of the tire to be manufactured and the inner shape is to be achieved. It is assumed that the metal salt of the organic acid has a certain catalytic effect, but good lubricant properties are achieved even without this addition.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a lubricant that is suitable for the lubrication of trains of trombones or similar musical instruments.
  • a lubricant which consists of the two components (a) silicone oil and (b) aqueous soap solution, which are applied in this order to the trains of trombones or similar musical instruments.
  • the two-component system when applied in the specified order, ie first the silicone oil and then the aqueous soap solution, leads to a solid lubricating film on the oil film formed, the sliding effect of which is particularly long and is in this respect superior to the prior art mentioned at the outset.
  • the agent does not tend to form nests in the applied state, ie there are no local accumulations of the agent which can bring about a possible braking of the associated train.
  • the lubricant also does not harden as quickly as corresponding fat-based preparations.
  • the lubricant is used in particular in the following way: Before applying the agent, the corresponding trombone inner cable is freed of old grease and the outer cable is also carefully cleaned. Then the silicone oil is applied to the shoes of the inner train. The silicone oil is then distributed evenly, for example by pulling on the outer cable and moving it back and forth thoroughly.
  • the aqueous soap solution is then applied to the silicone oil film, preferably so that it is placed on the top of the train and runs down from it on the silicone oil film. A thorough distribution of the soap solution follows, for example also by pulling movements.
  • silicone oil and the soap solution are applied in a ratio of 1:10 - 20.
  • a drop of silicone oil is applied as a base to the inner cable and evenly distributed on it, after which an approximately 10-20 drops corresponding amount of the aqueous soap solution is applied to the silicone oil film and is also evenly distributed thereon.
  • a silicone oil is preferably used, which has a viscosity of 3 - 20 mm2 s ⁇ 1 at 25 ° C.
  • the silicone oil used with particularly good results is a linear polymer dimethylsiloxane.
  • Such a silicone oil is commercially available under the name Baysilone Oil M and is produced by Bayer AG, Leverkusen.
  • the aqueous soap solution expediently contains dissolved fine soap.
  • These soaps are characterized by a high content of the purest fats (pressed tallow, olive oil and the like). They are more suitable for the application according to the invention than solid soaps (core soaps) which have a lower fat content.
  • the type of fine soap used is not critical; commercially available soaps can be used.
  • a lubricant which contains water as the third component, which is applied to the train as a spray after the first and second components.
  • the water applied acts as a slide booster.
  • the corresponding amount of water to be applied must be determined individually depending on the respective conditions. If necessary, a corresponding spraying process must be repeated.
  • a trombone inner string was treated with a conventional petroleum jelly preparation. Before applying the preparation, the inner cable was cleaned of old grease with a paper handkerchief and lighter fluid. The outer cord was carefully cleaned with a cleaning rod wrapped in gauze.
  • the trombone lubricated in this way was then subjected to two hours of use. An evaluation was then carried out. It was found that the petroleum jelly had been almost completely consumed, i.e. there was no longer a uniform lubricating film. In addition, grease nests had formed, so that the train "stuck".
  • the evaluation showed that the sliding film was still well preserved after 2 hours of using the trombone. No nests had formed. The trombone could be used for a further 2 hours without any hindrance to the sliding movement.
  • the service life of the lubricating film was about 4 h, i.e. about twice as long as the film of the conventional petroleum jelly preparation.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Polyoxymethylene Polymers And Polymers With Carbon-To-Carbon Bonds (AREA)
  • Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Stringed Musical Instruments (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)

Description

  • Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft die Verwendung eines Schmiermittels für die Züge von Posaunen oder ähnlichen Musikinstrumenten.
  • Um eine einwandfreie Gleitbewegung der Posaunenzüge zu erreichen, müssen diese geschmiert werden. Für diesen Zweck hat man bisher Fettpräparate, beispielsweise auf Vaseline-Basis, verwendet. Diese Schmiermittel haben jedoch eine Reihe von Nachteilen. So ist die Gefahr groß, daß sich am Zug Fettnester bilden, die ein einwandfreies Laufen des Zuges behindern. Darüberhinaus bleibt die Schmierfähigkeit nur über einen relaiv kurzen Zeitraum erhalten, so daß der sich bildende Schmierfilm häufig erneuert werden muß. Schließlich besteht die Gefahr, daß ein derartiger Schmierfilm bei Nichtgebrauch der Posaune relativ rasch härtet, so daß aufwendige Reinigungsarbeiten in relativ kurzen Zeitspannen erforderlich sind.
  • Aus der GB-A-2 087 914 ist ein Schmiermittel für die Innenform bei der Reifenherstellung bekannt, das aus einem Gemisch aus einem Polydimethylsiloxan, einem Silan und einem grenzflächenaktiven Stoff besteht, wobei das Gemisch wahlweise ein Metallsalz einer organischen Säure enthalten kann. Mit einem derartigen Schmiermittel soll eine besonders gute Schmierung zwischen der Innenfläche des herzustellenden Reifens und der Innenform erreicht werden. Es wird angenommen, daß das Metallsalz der organischen Säure eine gewisse katalytische Wirkung entfaltet, wobei jedoch auch ohne diesen Zusatz gute Schmiermitteleigenschaften erreicht werden.
  • Aus der US-A-2 027 340 ist ein halbfestes Schmiermittel für die Züge von Posaunen bekannt.
  • Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Schmiermittel anzugeben, das für die Schmierung von Zügen von Posaunen oder ähnlichen Musikinstrumenten geeignet ist.
  • Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Verwendung eines Schmiermittels gelöst, das aus den zwei Komponenten (a) Siliconöl und (b) wäßrige Seifenlösung besteht, die in dieser Reihenfolge auf die Züge von Posaunen oder ähnlichen Musikinstrumenten aufgebracht werden.
  • Das Zweikomponentensystem führt, wenn es in der angegebenen Reihenfolge aufgebracht wird, d.h. zuerst das Siliconöl und danach die wässrige Seifenlösung, auf dem gebildeten Ölfilm zu einem festen Schmierfilm, dessen Gleitwirkung besonders lang erhalten bleibt und diesbezüglich dem eingangs erwähnten Stand der Technik überlegen ist. Darüberhinaus neigt das Mittel im aufgebrachten Zustand nicht zur Nesterbildung, d.h. es entstehen keine örtlichen Ansammlungen des Mittels, die eine mögliche Bremsung des zugehörigen Zuges herbeiführen können. Das Schmiermittel härtet auch nicht so schnell wie entsprechende Präparate auf Fett-Basis.
  • Das Schmiermittel wird insbesondere in der folgenden Weise verwendet:
    Vor dem Aufbringen des Mittels wird der entsprechende Posauneninnenzug von altem Fett befreit, und der Außenzug wird ebenfalls sorgfältig gereinigt. Danach wird das Siliconöl auf die Schuhe des Innenzuges aufgetragen. Das Siliconöl wird dann gleichmäßig verteilt, beispielsweise durch Aufziehen des Außenzuges und gründliches Hin- und Herbewegen desselben.
  • Es wird dann die wässrige Seifenlösung auf den Siliconölfilm aufgebracht, am besten so, daß sie auf das obere Ende des Zuges gegeben wird und von diesem auf dem Siliconölfilm herunterläuft. Es folgt eine gründliche Verteilung der Seifenlösung, beispielsweise ebenfalls durch Zugbewegungen.
  • Besonders gute Ergebnisse werden erzielt, wenn das Siliconöl und die Seifenlösung im Verhältnis 1 : 10 - 20 aufgebracht werden. So wird beispielsweise ein Tropfen Siliconöl als Basis auf den Innenzug aufgebracht und auf diesem gleichmäßig verteilt wonach eine etwa 10 - 20 Tropfen entsprechende Menge der wässrigen Seifenlösung auf den Siliconölfilm aufgebracht und auf diesem ebenfalls gleichmäßig verteilt wird.
  • Neben den vorstehend aufgezeigten Vorteilen, die durch die erfindungsgemäße Verwendung erzielbar sind, wie beispielsweise besonders langer Erhalt der Schmierfähigkeit, kein schneller Verlust des Schmiermittels, keine Nesterbildung und damit Bremsung des Zuges, tritt bei der Verwendung nach der Erfindung auch eine besonders gute korrosionsverhindernde Wirkung auf.
  • Es wird vorzugsweise ein Siliconöl verwendet, das eine Viskosität von 3 - 20 mm² s⁻¹ bei 25° C aufweist. Bei dem mit besonders guten Ergebnissen verwendeten Siliconöl handelt es sich um ein linearpolymeres Dimethylsiloxan. Ein solches Siliconöl ist im Handel unter der Bezeichnung Baysilone-Öl M erhältlich und wird von der Firma Bayer AG, Leverkusen produziert.
  • Die wässrige Seifenlösung enthält zweckmäßigerweise gelöste Feinseife. Diese Seifen zeichnen sich durch einen hohen Gehalt an reinsten Fetten (Preßtalg, Olivenöl u. dgl .) aus. Sie sind für den erfindungsgemäßen Einsatzzweck besser geeignet als feste Seifen (Kernseifen), die einen geringeren Fettgehalt besitzen. Die Art der verwendeten Feinseife ist nicht kritisch; es können handelsübliche Seifen verwendet werden.
  • Was die Konzentration der wässrigen Seifenlösung anbetrifft, so hat sich gezeigt, daß mit einer Konzentration von 125 g Seife pro 6 - 7 l Wasser besonders gute Ergebnisse erzielt werden.
  • In Weiterbildung der Erfindung wird ein Schmiermittel verwendet, das als dritte Komponente Wasser enthält, das nach der ersten und zweiten Komponente als Sprühnebel auf den Zug aufgebracht wird. Das aufgebrachte Wasser wirkt hierbei als Gleitverstärker. Die entsprechende, aufzubringende Wassermenge ist in Abhängigkeit von den jeweiligen Verhältnissen individuell zu bestimmen. Bei Bedarf ist ein entsprechender Sprühvorgang zu wiederholen.
  • Es versteht sich, daß sich jeder Posaunenzug konstruktions- und gebrauchsbedingt anders verhält. Insofern muß die optimale Dosierung des Schmiermittels (einschließlich der Dosierung der Einzelkomponeten) für den jeweiligen Zug individuell ermittelt werden. Die vorstehend angegebenen Vehältniswerte können daher nur den äußeren Rahmen für den Einsatz des Mittels abstecken.
  • Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels im einzelnen erläutert.
  • Zuerst wurde ein Innenzug einer Posaune mit einem herkömmlichen Vaseline-Präparat behandelt. Vor dem Aufbringen des Präparates wurde der Innenzug mit einem Papiertaschentuch und Feuerzeugbenzin von altem Fett befreit. Der Außenzug wurde mit einer Reinigungsstange, die mit Verbandmull umwickelt war, sorgfältig gereinigt.
  • Auf die Schuhe des Innenzuges wurde dann eine solche Menge Vaseline aufgebracht, daß nach dem Aufziehen des Außenzuges und dem gründlichen Hin- und Herbewegen desselben der Innenzug mit einem gleichmäßigen Vaseline-Film bedeckt war.
  • Die auf diese Weise geschmierte Posaune wurde dann einem zweistündigen Gebrauch ausgesetzt. Danach wurde eine Auswertung vorgenommen. Es wurde festgestellt, daß die Vaseline nahezu vollständig verbraucht worden war, d.h. es war kein gleichmäßiger Gleitfilm mehr vorhanden. Darüberhinaus hatten sich Fettnester gebildet, so daß sich ein "Hängen" des Zuges einstellte.
  • Die gleiche Posaune wurde dann einem Reinigungsvorgang unterzogen, wobei der entsprechende Innenzug in der vorstehend beschriebenen Weise von Fett befreit und der dazugehörige Außenzug wie vorstehend beschrieben gereinigt wurde. Dann wurde ein Tropfen Siliconöl (Dimethylsiloxan mit einer Viskosität von 10 mm² s⁻¹ (bei 25°C) (Baysilone-Öl M 10) auf die Schuhe des Innenzuges aufgetragen. Der Außenzug wurde aufgezogen und gründlich hin- und herbewegt.
  • Dann wurden 10 Tropfen einer wässrigen Seifenlösung (125 g handelsübliche Feinseife pro 6 l Wasser) auf den Innenzug aufgetragen, und zwar derart, daß sie von oben nach unten am Innenzug ca. 10 cm auf dem aufgebrachten Siliconölfilm herunterlief. Dann wurde die Seifenlösung durch Zugbewegungen gründlich verteilt.
  • Schließlich wurde mit einer Sprühflasche Wasser aufgesprüht, um einen gleitverstärkenden Effekt zu erreichen.
  • Bei der Auswertung ergab sich, daß der Gleitfilm nach 2 h Gebrauch der Posaune noch gut erhalten war. Es hatten sich keine Nester gebildet. Die Posaune konnte weitere 2 h in Gebrauch genommen werden, ohne daß sich Behinderungen der Gleitbewegung einstellten. Die Lebensdauer des Schmierfilmes betrug hierbei etwa 4 h, d.h. etwa doppelt so lang wie der Film des herkömmlichen Vaseline-Präparates.

Claims (7)

  1. Verwendung eines Schmiermittels, das aus den zwei Komponenten
    (a) Siliconöl und
    (b) wäßrige Seifenlösung
    besteht, die in der angegebenen Reihenfolge aufgebracht werden, für die Züge von Posaunen oder ähnlichen Musikinstrumenten.
  2. Verwendung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Siliconöl und die Seifenlösung im Verhältnis 1 : 10-20 aufgebracht werden.
  3. Verwendung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei es sich bei dem Siliconöl um ein linearpolymeres Dimethylsiloxan handelt.
  4. Verwendung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Siliconöl eine Viskosität von 3-20 mm² s⁻¹ bei 25°C besitzt.
  5. Verwendung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die wäßrige Seifenlösung gelöste Feinseife enthält.
  6. Verwendung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die wäßrige Seifenlösung eine Konzentration von 125 g Seife pro 6-7 l Wasser besitzt.
  7. Verwendung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Schmiermittel als dritte Komponente Wasser enthält, das nach der ersten und zweiten Komponente als Sprühnebel auf den Zug aufgebracht wird.
EP91104640A 1990-04-23 1991-03-25 Schmiermittel für die Züge von Posaunen oder dgl. Musikinstrumenten Expired - Lifetime EP0453783B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4012915A DE4012915C1 (de) 1990-04-23 1990-04-23
DE4012915 1990-04-23

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EP0453783A1 EP0453783A1 (de) 1991-10-30
EP0453783B1 true EP0453783B1 (de) 1995-02-08

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US (1) US5149450A (de)
EP (1) EP0453783B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE118239T1 (de)
DE (1) DE4012915C1 (de)
DK (1) DK0453783T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2067785T3 (de)
GR (1) GR3015864T3 (de)
NO (1) NO300506B1 (de)

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CN101634414B (zh) * 2008-07-21 2013-04-03 恩索照明集团 用于照明隧道或地道的系统

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US5534173A (en) * 1994-08-30 1996-07-09 Amway Corporation Light duty lubricant composition and method of use
DE20206850U1 (de) * 2002-04-30 2003-09-04 Viesehon, Karl-Heinz, 40789 Monheim Gleitmittel für die Züge von Posaunen oder ähnlichen Musikinstrumenten
JP4430984B2 (ja) * 2004-05-25 2010-03-10 Ｈｏｙａ株式会社 撮像ユニット、カメラボディーおよびカメラシステム
US8840961B1 (en) 2011-06-30 2014-09-23 Salvatore Lucca Composition and method for cleaning and lubricating valves and slides within musical instruments

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US677965A (en) * 1901-02-11 1901-07-09 Frank Ennis Oiling attachment for trombones.
US2027340A (en) * 1934-03-22 1936-01-07 Frank Holton & Co Trombone
US2152396A (en) * 1936-12-17 1939-03-28 Ironsides Company Wire drawing lubricant and method
US2782165A (en) * 1948-06-01 1957-02-19 Shell Dev Grease compositions
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US4274973A (en) * 1979-06-22 1981-06-23 The Diversey Corporation Aqueous water-soluble soap lubricant concentrates and aqueous lubricants containing same
JPS57500054A (de) * 1980-01-17 1982-01-14
JPS56157495A (en) * 1980-05-09 1981-12-04 Toshiba Silicone Co Ltd Protection method of silver contact point
US4359340A (en) * 1980-11-20 1982-11-16 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Tire curing bladder lubricant
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101634414B (zh) * 2008-07-21 2013-04-03 恩索照明集团 用于照明隧道或地道的系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2067785T3 (es) 1995-04-01
DK0453783T3 (da) 1995-06-26
NO911567L (no) 1991-10-24
GR3015864T3 (en) 1995-07-31
NO300506B1 (no) 1997-06-09
EP0453783A1 (de) 1991-10-30
ATE118239T1 (de) 1995-02-15
DE4012915C1 (de) 1991-06-13
US5149450A (en) 1992-09-22
NO911567D0 (no) 1991-04-19

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