EP0448605A1 - Utilisation d'acides amines fondamentaux pour dissoudre des immunoglobulines - Google Patents

Utilisation d'acides amines fondamentaux pour dissoudre des immunoglobulines

Info

Publication number
EP0448605A1
EP0448605A1 EP19900900689 EP90900689A EP0448605A1 EP 0448605 A1 EP0448605 A1 EP 0448605A1 EP 19900900689 EP19900900689 EP 19900900689 EP 90900689 A EP90900689 A EP 90900689A EP 0448605 A1 EP0448605 A1 EP 0448605A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
immunoglobulin
amino acids
histidine
basic amino
related protein
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19900900689
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0448605A4 (en
Inventor
Christopher P. Prior
Bill Moellering
Barbara Tipton
Garance Prior
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Janssen Biotech Inc
Original Assignee
Centocor Inc
Invitron Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Centocor Inc, Invitron Corp filed Critical Centocor Inc
Publication of EP0448605A1 publication Critical patent/EP0448605A1/fr
Publication of EP0448605A4 publication Critical patent/EP0448605A4/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
    • C07K16/06—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies from serum
    • C07K16/065—Purification, fragmentation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A61K39/395—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum
    • A61K39/39591—Stabilisation, fragmentation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/16—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing nitrogen, e.g. nitro-, nitroso-, azo-compounds, nitriles, cyanates
    • A61K47/18—Amines; Amides; Ureas; Quaternary ammonium compounds; Amino acids; Oligopeptides having up to five amino acids
    • A61K47/183—Amino acids, e.g. glycine, EDTA or aspartame
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
    • C07K14/705—Receptors; Cell surface antigens; Cell surface determinants
    • C07K14/70503—Immunoglobulin superfamily
    • C07K14/70514—CD4
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the production and purification of proteins and to maintaining their solubil ⁇ ity during such production and in storage and formulation.
  • it concerns use of basic amino acids to solubilize therapeutically and diagnostically important proteins, especially immunoglobulins, and especially those produced in cell culture.
  • Purification and efficient storage of bulk product or vialed final material may also require that volumes be limited to workable quantities. This too requires a practical concentration level of at least 2 mg/ml in order to prevent substantial losses due to precipitation when handling reasonable volumes.
  • the present invention resides in the discovery that immunoglobulins, in particular, do not consistently maintain solubility in aqueous media at concentrations greater than 2 mg/ml, that this low level of solubility causes losses in processing, and that the solubility of immunoglobulins can be enhanced by the inclusion in the solution of an effective concentration of basic a ino acids.
  • Patent 4,568, 544, assigned to Asahi claims the use of lysine or arginine to increase tPA solubility.
  • EP Application 242,653, assigned to Eisai describes tPA solubilization by N-methyl- glucosamine.
  • EP Application 218,112, assigned to Eisai generally discloses the use of a partial gelatin hydrolysate cross-linked with diisocyanate for tPA solubilization, optionally with the addition of a basic amino acid.
  • Japanese Application 62/153,224, assigned to Green Cross describes solubilization of plasminogen with sugar alcohols (such as mannitol) or a basic amino acid.
  • German Patent Application 3,623,747 discloses the use of cholic acid/glycine or cholic acid/taurine conjugates for this purpose.
  • U.S. Patent 4,511,502 to Genentech describes the solubilizing effect of urea and guanidinium chloride (GnHCl) on recombinantly produced proteins precipitated as refractile bodies.
  • GnHCl urea and guanidinium chloride
  • Kurisaki, J. et al, J Biochem (1977) 1:443-449 used GnHCl to solubilize apolipoproteins.
  • Japanese Application 83/38597 describes the use of covalent conjugation of free amino sulfhydryl groups to succinyl glycine to effect solubilization of proteins.
  • solubilization techniques which preserve the structure by employing nondenaturing and conformation conserving solubilization aids are specific for individual proteins, such as plasminogen, interferon and tPA.
  • the present invention provides a workable procedure for immunoglobulins, in particular, and especially for IgG,.
  • the invention is directed to a method to solubilize immunoglobulins and related proteins in aqueous medium by including an effective amount of one or more basic amino acids or their salts into the mixture.
  • One or more basic amino acids and/or their salts may first be dissolved in aqueous solution and this solution used to dissolve and process the immunoglobulin, or the three components—water, immunoglobulin or related protein and solubilizing amino acid preparation—can be simultaneously mixed.
  • the solubilizing amino acid preparation can be added either in solid or dissolved form to a suspension of the immunoglobulin or related protein.
  • the invention is directed to compositions of matter which comprise the solubilized immunoglobulin or related protein in the presence of ef ⁇ fective amounts of the solubilizing amino acid(s).
  • Figure 1 shows a flow diagram for purification of IgG-. from cell culture.
  • immunoglobulins and related proteins refers to proteins which are incapable of stable solubilization in water at levels higher than 2.5 mg/ml. Solubility levels higher than this, which the protein does not normally tolerate, can be obtained using the method of the invention.
  • immunoglobulins and related proteins for purposes of this application in ⁇ cludes any protein, most typically an immunoglobulin, but other proteins as well, which has a solubility in water when a solution of the material is agitated, of less than 2.5 mg/ml.
  • Immunoglobulins and related proteins can be solubilized, according to the invention method, by inclu ⁇ sion of an effective amount of one or more basic amino acids and/or their salts.
  • the method was developed in connection with the production of monoclonal antibodies by large scale cell culture of their secreting hybridomas; however, it is, of course, applicable to immunoglobulins however prepared.
  • Polyclonal immunoglobulins can be, for example, isolated from serum and the method of the inven ⁇ tion is applicable to these polyclonal mixtures.
  • Monoclonal antibodies can be prepared using cell culture methods involving a variety of techniques including perfusion, static maintenance reactor production, shake flasks, roller bottles, and a variety of cell culture techniques known and to be developed in the art. The method of production is not a part of the invention, but provides the problem that is the candidate for solution when high concentrations of immunoglobulins are produced or are desired. Production of IgG, presents an especially difficult case.
  • Suitable related proteins which are subjects for the invention method include cellular receptors such as T4.
  • various processes may be used to purify or isolate particular immunoglobulin or related protein fractions.
  • Such techniques include chromatography of various types including gel filtration, ion exchange, affinity chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography, and so forth. In conducting these procedures, tractable volumes must be used, and high solubility levels maintained. Again, the particular methods do not form part of the invention, but rather cre ⁇ ate the setting in which the method of the invention is useful.
  • Antibodies of various types are sometimes used therapeutically, for example, for passive immunization, when conjugated to a toxin for therapeutic purposes, or when conjugated to label for localization of tissues.
  • Formulations for administration of immunoglobulin prepara ⁇ tions must also maintain high solubility levels of the components in order to restrict the volume of fluid administered to a tolerable level.
  • Related proteins are also used therapeutically and have similar restrictions on solubility levels.
  • solubility levels at a minimum of 3-5 mg/ml are required.
  • Many immunoglobulins and other proteins, such as cellular receptors do not achieve this solubility level in water solution and require larger volumes than desirable to maintain solubility.
  • immunoglobulins of the IgG class and, more particularly, those of the IgG, subclass, and T4 receptor proteins are difficult to maintain in solution. It appears also that without addi ⁇ tion of solubilizing amino acid according to the method of the invention, recoveries of immunoglobulins are diminished, often to a level below that which is economi ⁇ cally acceptable.
  • the solubility enhancing components of the invention are basic amino acids and/or their salts.
  • Basic amino acids are herein defined as those which, when dissolved in water at reasonable concentrations— e.g., 0.1-1M—result in a pH of solution of greater than 7.
  • acids can be used to titrate the high pH back to neutrality (i.e., pH 6.5-7.5) if desired.
  • the natively encoded amino acids histidine, arginine, and lysine are preferred, but any basic amino acid, such as, for example, hydroxylysine, ornithine, citrulline, and 2,4-diamino- butyric acid are also included.
  • the pH of the solution to be used in solubilization can be adjusted, regardless of the form of the amino originally used. Therefore, either the free amino acids or their salts can be employed.
  • the salts of the amino acids applicable in the invention are the water soluble salts, including the in ⁇ organic salts such as the sodium, potassium or ammonium salts or the salts of organic bases such as ethanolamine or triethylamine. Also included are the acid addition salts of the amino functions of the basic amino acid such as the inorganic acid salts, for example, the hydro- chlorides or sulfdtes, or the organic acid salts, such as acetates or citrates. If the solubilization is intended for formulation of therapeutic compositions, of course, pharmaceutically acceptable salts must be used.
  • the solubilizing amino acid preparation must itself be soluble and must be consistent with a pH of the resulting solution in the range of 3-10, preferably 6.5-7.5, if for administration to patients. Additional buffer may be included in the mixture to maintain the pH, if necessary, however the basic amino acid itself, with proper pH adjustment, behaves as a buffer. These limitations also place restrictions on the nature and extent of neutraliza ⁇ tion achieved by particular salts of the amino acids in the preparation, as is understood by. the ordinary skilled practitioner.
  • the effective concentration of the solubilizing amino acid preparation depends on the protein to be solubilized and the nature of the solubilizing prepara- tion. In general the degree of solubilization is in ⁇ dependent of the basic amino acid concentration once an effective threshold level is achieved. This level can readily be established for a particular combination by a simple optimization experiment. For example, for IgG, which has an innate solubility of less than 0.5 mg/ml in water, histidine at a level of 50 mM or greater is effec ⁇ tive to permit a solubility of greater than 2.0 mg/ml. To permit flexibility in manipulation, a histidine concentra ⁇ tion range of 0.15-0.2 M is preferred.
  • T4 recep- tor solutions having more than 2.2 mg/ml T4 concentra ⁇ tions are unstable to agitation, but with the addition with 50 mM-150 mM histidine, the solution remains stable to concentrations of T4 up to 17 mg/ml.
  • the solubility levels of T4 in completely unagitated solutions can be up to about 8 mg/ml; however, agitation comparable to that involved in normal handling reduces the level to about 2 mg/ml. Indeed, in one specific instance, shipment of a solution of T4 with a concentration of 2.2 mg/ml was found to contain precipitate upon delivery. The method to effect solubilization will depend on the situation encountered. If employed to solubilize a formulation, the amino acid preparation may first be dis ⁇ solved in the aqueous medium and the immunoglobulin or other protein added to the solution either in solid form or dispersed in a small amount of aqueous fluid.
  • solid amino acids or a concentrated solu- tion thereof can be added to a suspension of the immunoglobulin or other protein, or all three of the components may be simultaneously mixed.
  • the pH may be adjusted by titration at any step.
  • the amino acid prepara ⁇ tion may be added to the harvested medium or the purifica ⁇ tion buffers directly to maintain solubility in the purification process steps and to improve overall re- covery.
  • the final solubilized prepara ⁇ tion comprises an immunoglobulin or other related protein at a concentration of at least 3 mg/ml and the appropriate effective concentration of amino acid, wherein the pH of the composition is adjusted to the desired value by titration, if necessary.
  • IgG was mixed to a suspension of 2-10 mg/ml in buffer (50 MM Na 2 HP0 4 + 200 mM NaCl; pH 7.0) with and without 200 mM histidine.
  • Example 3 Purification of T4 Receptor A.
  • samples of purified sT4 dissolved T4 were eluted through an S-Sepharose Fast Flow column with a resulting concentration of 6.23 mg/ml of sT4 in a buffer solution of 0.5 M NaCl and 50 mM sodium phosphate, pH 7.
  • 150 mM histidine was added to one sample and samples both with and without added histidine were agitated on a Fisher Vortex Genie 2.
  • the sample without histidine visibly precipitated and remained cloudy for over 24 hours.
  • the sample with histidine remained in solution and clear for at least 24 hours.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Cell Biology (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé permettant de dissoudre en des concentrations pratiques des immunoglobulines dans un milieu aqueux, qui consiste à utiliser des préparations de dissolution à base d'acides aminés fondamentaux et/ou de leurs sels. Ainsi, l'histidine, la lysine, l'arginine et des mélanges de celles-ci en des concentrations appropriées sont capables d'augmenter la solubilité de protéines relativement insolubles et des immunoglobulines en général, notamment des IgG, et plus particulièrement des IgG3, et des T4.
EP19900900689 1988-12-15 1989-12-06 Use of basic amino acids to solubilize immunoglobulins Withdrawn EP0448605A4 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US28515488A 1988-12-15 1988-12-15
US285154 1988-12-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0448605A1 true EP0448605A1 (fr) 1991-10-02
EP0448605A4 EP0448605A4 (en) 1991-11-21

Family

ID=23092978

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19900900689 Withdrawn EP0448605A4 (en) 1988-12-15 1989-12-06 Use of basic amino acids to solubilize immunoglobulins

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0448605A4 (fr)
JP (1) JPH04502914A (fr)
AU (1) AU4803890A (fr)
CA (1) CA2005119A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1990006764A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5180820A (en) * 1989-08-30 1993-01-19 Barde Yves Alain Brain-derived neurotrophic factor
NZ243084A (en) * 1991-06-12 1995-08-28 Regeneron Pharma Production and recovery of recombinant neurotrophins, genes for a modified lamb signal sequence, fusion genes and plasmids
US5389529A (en) * 1991-06-12 1995-02-14 Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Modified lamβ signal sequence and processes for producing recombinant neurotrophins
US6267958B1 (en) 1995-07-27 2001-07-31 Genentech, Inc. Protein formulation
ES2477996T3 (es) 2000-08-11 2014-07-18 Chugai Seiyaku Kabushiki Kaisha Preparaciones estabilizadas que contienen un anticuerpo
KR100913714B1 (ko) 2001-11-08 2009-08-24 패시트 바이오테크 코포레이션 Ｉｇｇ 항체의 안정한 액상 약학 제형물
WO2004001007A2 (fr) * 2002-06-21 2003-12-31 Idec Pharmaceuticals Corporation Preparations tamponnees permettant de concentrer des anticorps et procedes pour les utiliser
US8080642B2 (en) 2003-05-16 2011-12-20 Vical Incorporated Severe acute respiratory syndrome DNA compositions and methods of use
JO3000B1 (ar) * 2004-10-20 2016-09-05 Genentech Inc مركبات أجسام مضادة .
KR101879885B1 (ko) * 2010-09-17 2018-07-18 박스알타 인코퍼레이티드 약산성 내지 중성 ｐｈ에서 히스티딘을 갖는 수성 제형을 통한 면역글로불린의 안정화

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0035616A1 (fr) * 1980-02-14 1981-09-16 Juridical Foundation The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute Production d'immunoglobuline à haute teneur en monomère
JPS58206531A (ja) * 1982-05-27 1983-12-01 Teijin Ltd 抗補体価の低いＩｇＭ組成物

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4362661A (en) * 1979-08-09 1982-12-07 Teijin Limited Immunoglobulin composition having a high monomer content, and process for production thereof
EP0156169B1 (fr) * 1984-02-29 1991-12-18 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Solution aqueuse d'un activateur tissulaire du plasminogène dissous à une concentration élevée et un procédé d'obtention
JPS60243028A (ja) * 1984-04-28 1985-12-03 Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co Ltd インタ−フエロンの可溶化方法
US4597966A (en) * 1985-01-09 1986-07-01 Ortho Diagnostic Systems, Inc. Histidine stabilized immunoglobulin and method of preparation
JPH0672105B2 (ja) * 1985-10-02 1994-09-14 持田製薬株式会社 血栓溶解剤及びその製法

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0035616A1 (fr) * 1980-02-14 1981-09-16 Juridical Foundation The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute Production d'immunoglobuline à haute teneur en monomère
JPS58206531A (ja) * 1982-05-27 1983-12-01 Teijin Ltd 抗補体価の低いＩｇＭ組成物

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 8, no. 46 (C-212)(1483) February 29, 1984 & JP-A-58 206 531 (TEIJIN K.K.) December 1, 1983 *
See also references of WO9006764A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0448605A4 (en) 1991-11-21
CA2005119A1 (fr) 1990-06-15
AU4803890A (en) 1990-07-10
JPH04502914A (ja) 1992-05-28
WO1990006764A1 (fr) 1990-06-28

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