EP0443291A3 - Electrical contact pair - Google Patents
Electrical contact pair Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0443291A3 EP0443291A3 EP19900710034 EP90710034A EP0443291A3 EP 0443291 A3 EP0443291 A3 EP 0443291A3 EP 19900710034 EP19900710034 EP 19900710034 EP 90710034 A EP90710034 A EP 90710034A EP 0443291 A3 EP0443291 A3 EP 0443291A3
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- plug
- contact pair
- tin
- alloy
- copper
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/02—Contact members
- H01R13/03—Contact members characterised by the material, e.g. plating, or coating materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C13/00—Alloys based on tin
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
- Y10S428/9265—Special properties
- Y10S428/929—Electrical contact feature
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
- Y10S428/9335—Product by special process
- Y10S428/939—Molten or fused coating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12708—Sn-base component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12708—Sn-base component
- Y10T428/12715—Next to Group IB metal-base component
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
- Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
- Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
- Contacts (AREA)
- Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
- Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4005836A DE4005836C2 (de) | 1990-02-23 | 1990-02-23 | Elektrisches Steckverbinderpaar |
DE4005836 | 1990-02-23 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0443291A2 EP0443291A2 (de) | 1991-08-28 |
EP0443291A3 true EP0443291A3 (en) | 1992-04-08 |
EP0443291B1 EP0443291B1 (de) | 1995-06-07 |
Family
ID=6400876
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP90710034A Expired - Lifetime EP0443291B1 (de) | 1990-02-23 | 1990-12-07 | Elektrisches Steckverbinderpaar |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5075176A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0443291B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP3089303B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR100215623B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE123594T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE4005836C2 (de) |
DK (1) | DK0443291T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2074554T3 (de) |
GR (1) | GR3017253T3 (de) |
Families Citing this family (39)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB9102062D0 (en) * | 1991-01-31 | 1991-03-13 | Otter Controls Ltd | Improvements relating to conductors for switching applications |
DE4443461C1 (de) * | 1994-12-07 | 1996-07-04 | Wieland Werke Ag | Band- bzw. drahtförmiges Verbundmaterial und seine Verwendung |
US5679471A (en) * | 1995-10-16 | 1997-10-21 | General Motors Corporation | Silver-nickel nano-composite coating for terminals of separable electrical connectors |
DE19606116A1 (de) * | 1996-02-20 | 1997-08-21 | Berkenhoff Gmbh | Elektrische Kontaktelemente |
DE19617488C2 (de) * | 1996-05-02 | 2002-03-07 | Gustav Krueger | Kontaktelement für lösbare elektrische Verbindungen |
US5849424A (en) * | 1996-05-15 | 1998-12-15 | Dowa Mining Co., Ltd. | Hard coated copper alloys, process for production thereof and connector terminals made therefrom |
US6179935B1 (en) * | 1997-04-16 | 2001-01-30 | Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. | Solder alloys |
JPH11189835A (ja) * | 1997-12-25 | 1999-07-13 | Jst Mfg Co Ltd | すず−ニッケル合金およびこの合金により表面処理を施した部品 |
US6139979A (en) * | 1999-01-28 | 2000-10-31 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Lead-free solder and soldered article |
DE10025107A1 (de) * | 2000-05-20 | 2001-11-22 | Stolberger Metallwerke Gmbh | Elektrisch leifähiges Metallband und Steckverbinder |
DE10025106A1 (de) * | 2000-05-20 | 2001-11-22 | Stolberger Metallwerke Gmbh | Elektrisch leitfähiges Metallband und Steckverbinder hieraus |
US7788802B2 (en) * | 2001-01-10 | 2010-09-07 | Newfrey Llc | Method of fastening an electrical contact |
US7156670B2 (en) * | 2001-01-10 | 2007-01-02 | Newfrey Llc | Electrical capped contact stud and method of fastening an electrical contact |
EP1350286B1 (de) * | 2001-01-10 | 2010-06-02 | Newfrey LLC | Elektrischer kontaktbolzen mit kappe und verfahren zur befestigung eines elektrischen kontaktes |
US6924044B2 (en) * | 2001-08-14 | 2005-08-02 | Snag, Llc | Tin-silver coatings |
DE10139953A1 (de) | 2001-08-21 | 2003-03-27 | Stolberger Metallwerke Gmbh | Werkstoff für ein Metallband |
FI113912B (fi) * | 2001-12-13 | 2004-06-30 | Outokumpu Oy | Lisäaineellisella pinnoitteella varustettu yhdysterminaali |
JP2004006065A (ja) * | 2002-03-25 | 2004-01-08 | Mitsubishi Shindoh Co Ltd | 電気接続用嵌合型接続端子 |
DE10248803A1 (de) | 2002-10-19 | 2004-04-29 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Elektrische Kontaktoberflächen |
US7391116B2 (en) * | 2003-10-14 | 2008-06-24 | Gbc Metals, Llc | Fretting and whisker resistant coating system and method |
KR100698662B1 (ko) * | 2003-12-02 | 2007-03-23 | 에프씨엠 가부시끼가이샤 | 주석-은-구리 3원합금으로 이루어지는 표면을 형성한단자, 그것을 갖는 부품 및 제품 |
FI118873B (fi) * | 2003-12-09 | 2008-04-15 | Luvata Oy | Tinaseospinnoite kontaktitarkoituksiin |
FI118874B (fi) * | 2003-12-09 | 2008-04-15 | Luvata Oy | Tinapinnoite kontaktitarkoituksiin |
CN100402217C (zh) * | 2004-05-08 | 2008-07-16 | 房山区良乡永固福利电力金具制造厂 | 载流金具超声波热浸锡及铜铝过渡双变性复合粘接 |
US20050268991A1 (en) * | 2004-06-03 | 2005-12-08 | Enthone Inc. | Corrosion resistance enhancement of tin surfaces |
DE102006056065B4 (de) | 2006-11-20 | 2018-08-09 | Newfrey Llc | Vormontierte Kontaktiereinheit und Befestigungsanordnung |
US20080308300A1 (en) * | 2007-06-18 | 2008-12-18 | Conti Mark A | Method of manufacturing electrically conductive strips |
US20090239398A1 (en) * | 2008-03-20 | 2009-09-24 | Interplex Nas, Inc. | Press fit (compliant) terminal and other connectors with tin-silver compound |
EA016324B1 (ru) * | 2008-07-22 | 2012-04-30 | Государственное Научное Учреждение "Физико-Технический Институт Национальной Академии Наук Беларуси" | Баббитовый сплав |
JP2013033656A (ja) * | 2011-08-02 | 2013-02-14 | Yazaki Corp | 端子 |
JP5086485B1 (ja) | 2011-09-20 | 2012-11-28 | Jx日鉱日石金属株式会社 | 電子部品用金属材料及びその製造方法 |
JP5284526B1 (ja) | 2011-10-04 | 2013-09-11 | Jx日鉱日石金属株式会社 | 電子部品用金属材料及びその製造方法 |
TWI493798B (zh) * | 2012-02-03 | 2015-07-21 | Jx Nippon Mining & Metals Corp | Push-in terminals and electronic parts for their use |
JP6029435B2 (ja) | 2012-06-27 | 2016-11-24 | Jx金属株式会社 | 電子部品用金属材料及びその製造方法、それを用いたコネクタ端子、コネクタ及び電子部品 |
JP6050664B2 (ja) | 2012-06-27 | 2016-12-21 | Jx金属株式会社 | 電子部品用金属材料及びその製造方法、それを用いたコネクタ端子、コネクタ及び電子部品 |
CN103436732B (zh) * | 2013-08-15 | 2016-05-04 | 江西理工大学 | 一种高效锡液抗氧化添加剂 |
CN112338387B (zh) | 2015-09-17 | 2022-12-02 | 富士电机株式会社 | 半导体装置用软钎焊材料 |
DE102018208116A1 (de) * | 2018-05-23 | 2019-11-28 | Aurubis Stolberg Gmbh & Co. Kg | Kupferband zur Herstellung von elektrischen Kontakten und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kupferbandes und Steckverbinder |
DE102020006059A1 (de) | 2020-10-05 | 2022-04-07 | Wieland-Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Elektrisch leitendes Material mit Beschichtung |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1807580B1 (de) * | 1968-11-04 | 1970-08-27 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd | Verwendung einer Zinnlegierung als Werkstoff zum Feuerverzinnen von metallischen Gegenstaenden |
EP0168674A1 (de) * | 1984-06-28 | 1986-01-22 | Angelo Passini | Zinnbasis-Lotlegierung mit hohem Widerstand gegen Oxydation in der geschmolzenen Phase |
WO1988000250A1 (en) * | 1986-07-07 | 1988-01-14 | Olin Corp | Low cost connector alloy |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2469878A (en) * | 1945-06-23 | 1949-05-10 | Gen Electric | Switch contact |
BE534477A (de) * | 1953-12-29 | |||
US3892637A (en) * | 1969-03-10 | 1975-07-01 | Polti Jean Loup | Method of treatment of metal surfaces |
US3853382A (en) * | 1972-04-28 | 1974-12-10 | Burndy Corp | High pressure electrical contacts |
JPS5141222B2 (de) * | 1972-12-06 | 1976-11-09 | ||
JPS6019630B2 (ja) * | 1979-07-18 | 1985-05-17 | 日本鉱業株式会社 | 接触子 |
FR2482791A1 (fr) * | 1980-05-13 | 1981-11-20 | Ctm | Perfectionnements aux contacts de connecteurs |
US4408824A (en) * | 1981-06-08 | 1983-10-11 | Amp Incorporated | Wire-in-slot terminal |
US4447109A (en) * | 1982-06-04 | 1984-05-08 | Western Electric Company, Inc. | Connector pin |
US4514032A (en) * | 1983-10-31 | 1985-04-30 | Amp Incorporated | Contact element |
JPS6134142A (ja) * | 1984-07-25 | 1986-02-18 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk | すり接点材料 |
JPS6191394A (ja) * | 1984-10-12 | 1986-05-09 | Nippon Mining Co Ltd | 接触子の製造方法 |
US4749626A (en) * | 1985-08-05 | 1988-06-07 | Olin Corporation | Whisker resistant tin coatings and baths and methods for making such coatings |
DE8713477U1 (de) * | 1987-10-07 | 1987-12-03 | Industrieanlagen-Betriebsgesellschaft Mbh, 8012 Ottobrunn | Seewasserfeste Steckverbindung für den Einsatz der Potentialsonden-Vielstellenmeßtechnik |
DE3932536C1 (en) * | 1989-09-29 | 1990-08-09 | W.C. Heraeus Gmbh, 6450 Hanau, De | Wear resistant contact material - in which is applied to support comprising copper alloy and non-noble metal contg. silver, palladium or palladium-silver alloy |
DE3932535C1 (en) * | 1989-09-29 | 1990-07-26 | W.C. Heraeus Gmbh, 6450 Hanau, De | Electrical socket connector - includes 2 contact carriers and contact layer having silver prim section and sec. section of silver alloy contg. tin |
-
1990
- 1990-02-23 DE DE4005836A patent/DE4005836C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-12-07 AT AT90710034T patent/ATE123594T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-12-07 ES ES90710034T patent/ES2074554T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-12-07 DE DE59009211T patent/DE59009211D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-12-07 EP EP90710034A patent/EP0443291B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-12-07 DK DK90710034.1T patent/DK0443291T3/da active
-
1991
- 1991-02-05 US US07/650,896 patent/US5075176A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-02-22 KR KR1019910002920A patent/KR100215623B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-02-22 JP JP03028869A patent/JP3089303B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1995
- 1995-08-30 GR GR950402369T patent/GR3017253T3/el unknown
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1807580B1 (de) * | 1968-11-04 | 1970-08-27 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd | Verwendung einer Zinnlegierung als Werkstoff zum Feuerverzinnen von metallischen Gegenstaenden |
EP0168674A1 (de) * | 1984-06-28 | 1986-01-22 | Angelo Passini | Zinnbasis-Lotlegierung mit hohem Widerstand gegen Oxydation in der geschmolzenen Phase |
WO1988000250A1 (en) * | 1986-07-07 | 1988-01-14 | Olin Corp | Low cost connector alloy |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 010, no. 185 (C-357)27. Juni 1986 & JP-A-61 034 142 ( TANAKA KIKINZOKU KOGYO ) 18. Februar 1986 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2074554T3 (es) | 1995-09-16 |
DK0443291T3 (da) | 1995-08-14 |
ATE123594T1 (de) | 1995-06-15 |
DE4005836A1 (de) | 1991-08-29 |
DE4005836C2 (de) | 1999-10-28 |
GR3017253T3 (en) | 1995-11-30 |
JP3089303B2 (ja) | 2000-09-18 |
JPH04218275A (ja) | 1992-08-07 |
DE59009211D1 (de) | 1995-07-13 |
EP0443291A2 (de) | 1991-08-28 |
KR920000156A (ko) | 1992-01-10 |
US5075176A (en) | 1991-12-24 |
KR100215623B1 (ko) | 1999-08-16 |
EP0443291B1 (de) | 1995-06-07 |
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