EP0440620B2 - Halbzeug für elektrische kontakte aus einem verbundwerkstoff auf silber-zinnoxid-basis und pulvermetallurgisches verfahren zu seiner herstellung - Google Patents

Halbzeug für elektrische kontakte aus einem verbundwerkstoff auf silber-zinnoxid-basis und pulvermetallurgisches verfahren zu seiner herstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0440620B2
EP0440620B2 EP89903734A EP89903734A EP0440620B2 EP 0440620 B2 EP0440620 B2 EP 0440620B2 EP 89903734 A EP89903734 A EP 89903734A EP 89903734 A EP89903734 A EP 89903734A EP 0440620 B2 EP0440620 B2 EP 0440620B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
component
oxide
weight
semi
finished product
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89903734A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0440620A1 (de
EP0440620B1 (de
Inventor
Ursula Mayer
Roland Michal
Karl E. Saeger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Doduco Solutions GmbH
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Doduco GmbH and Co
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Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Doduco GmbH and Co filed Critical Doduco GmbH and Co
Priority to AT89903734T priority Critical patent/ATE102387T1/de
Publication of EP0440620A1 publication Critical patent/EP0440620A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0440620B1 publication Critical patent/EP0440620B1/de
Publication of EP0440620B2 publication Critical patent/EP0440620B2/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
    • C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0021—Matrix based on noble metals, Cu or alloys thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/12—Metallic powder containing non-metallic particles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
    • H01H1/0237—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides
    • H01H1/02372—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides containing as major components one or more oxides of the following elements only: Cd, Sn, Zn, In, Bi, Sb or Te
    • H01H1/02376—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides containing as major components one or more oxides of the following elements only: Cd, Sn, Zn, In, Bi, Sb or Te containing as major component SnO2
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
    • H01H11/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts
    • H01H11/048—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts by powder-metallurgical processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/12021—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles having composition or density gradient or differential porosity
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/1216—Continuous interengaged phases of plural metals, or oriented fiber containing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/1216—Continuous interengaged phases of plural metals, or oriented fiber containing
    • Y10T428/12167—Nonmetal containing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a semi-finished product for electrical Contacts made of a composite material based on silver-tin oxide and a powder metallurgical Process for its manufacture.
  • the invention is based on an entanglement with those specified in the preamble of claim 1 Characteristics or of a semi-finished product with the specified in the preamble of claim 12 Characteristics.
  • Contact pieces formed from such materials can contact pieces made of silver-cadmium oxide in service life under AC3 and AC4 test conditions (specified in IEC standard 158-1) be, however, show a stronger contact warming in the switchgear. what the lifespan of the Switchgear can impair. Moreover can the internally oxidized contact pieces subsequently no longer be deformed.
  • DE-B-26 59 012 is a powder metallurgy Process for the production of a contact material made of silver with two different ones Metal oxides known in which two silver-metal oxide composite powders mixed, pressed and sintered, one of which is Compound powder just one metal oxide and that other composite powder only the other metal oxide contains.
  • the object of the present invention is to achieve this based on a semi-finished product for electrical contacts to provide the base silver-tin oxide which is despite a very small content Tin oxide particles work well by extrusion and rolling can be processed and at the same time regarding Lifetime, tendency to weld and contact heating is as good or better than semi-finished products are based on silver-cadmium oxide.
  • the semifinished product produced according to the invention consists of a composite material, which is through a special rough structure in combination with a special fine structure.
  • the Coarse structure is given by the fact that in the composite material oxide rich areas where everything Metal oxide or the vast majority of Metal oxide component is concentrated, alternate with low-oxide areas. the only a small one Contain or even share of the metal oxide component are oxide free. Contain the low-oxide areas at most a small amount of metal oxide finely distributed in one from the material of the first component formed matrix.
  • the oxide rich areas contain the lion's share of the metal oxide component (in a concentration that is far greater is higher than the usual average metal oxide concentration in a contact material based on silver-tin oxide) and the rest of the material of the first component like a penetration or a storage composite finely divided into one another. These areas have emerged from low-oxide and high-oxide powders, which were mixed, pressed and, if necessary, sintered. The size of the low and high oxide areas, which is the rough structure of the composite determine therefore depends on the size of the powder particles from.
  • the fine structure of the composite is given by a finely dispersed oxide distribution in the oxide-rich forming the rough structure Areas of the composite, if necessary also in low-oxide areas, so far are present in these metal oxides.
  • the majority of the metal oxide component must come concentrated in the composite powder and be involved. Only the relatively small one Metal oxide content, which may still be in the contain low-oxide areas of the composite material can be e.g. in the form of a pure Oxide powder with the powder from the first component of the material are mixed. Doing so it prefers that in the low-oxide areas the same oxides are present as in the oxide-rich ones Areas.
  • any metal carbides still present especially tungsten carbide and / or molybdenum carbide
  • those not solved in the first component Metals can separate the powder mixture in the form Powders are added; they are suitable in switching operation the wetting of the tin oxide with To promote silver and thereby the contact resistance to humiliate.
  • the resulting Solid particles react with the oxygen in the oxidizing atmosphere in the flame or in the reactor at a temperature below that Melting temperature of the dissolved metals, whereby Powder particles arise in which the metals of the first component, i.e. the silver or the silver alloy, and the metal oxide component, so essentially tin oxide, in a very fine distribution tied together.
  • the metal oxide particles mostly in sizes between 0.1 ⁇ m and 1 ⁇ m (diameter) before what for the inventive method is advantageous.
  • spray pyrolysis Compound powder is also advantageous because by spray pyrolysis, in particular powder particles arise that are spherical or potato-shaped Have shape, the emergence of a deformable Semi-finished products favored because the spherical or potato-shaped particles of a plastic Deformation of the contact material less oppose as irregularly jagged powder particles.
  • oxidic and carbidic components sometimes lower the contact point temperature in switching operation and partly an extension of the life of the contact pieces not only with small and medium current loads, but also in the heavy load area.
  • Molybdenum carbide and tungsten carbide already work in small amounts.
  • the additional carbides and Oxides should make up 6% by weight of the contact material not exceed so this does not gets too hard.
  • nickel can also be advantageous to the composite material, which is not in silver is soluble and either as a very fine powder that formed from silver or a silver alloy Powder is mixed or also as spray-pyrolysized silver-nickel powder is introduced.
  • a silver-tin oxide composite powder with 32% by weight of tin oxide is produced by spraying an aqueous solution of silver nitrate and tin-II-chloride in a reactor heated to approx. 950 ° C. with an oxygen-containing atmosphere, whereby a silver-tin oxide composite powder fails , in the powder particles of which the tin oxide is present in a very fine distribution. Then 75 parts by weight of a silver powder with a particle size smaller than 40 microns with 25 parts by weight of the silver-tin oxide, composite powder are dry mixed for one hour, then isostatically pressed to blocks of about 50 kg in weight and then at a temperature sintered at 830 ° C for 1.5 hours.
  • the block thus formed is placed in the recipient of an extrusion press and hot-extruded, reducing the cross-section to a strand with a cross-section of 10 x 75 mm 2 , at a temperature of approx. 850 ° C., and then hot-rolled plated with a 1.5 mm thick fine silver sheet , hot rolled down to its final thickness of 2mm and processed into contact wafers according to the usual methods.
  • the silver-tin oxide composite in the contact wafers has a tin oxide content of 8% by weight.
  • the second example is modified that the powder mixture still contains 0.5% by weight Tungsten oxide (particle size smaller than 10 ⁇ m) and 0.3 wt% tungsten carbide (particle size smaller than 2.5 ⁇ m) are added. Furthermore is operated as in the first example. The addition of tungsten oxide and tungsten carbide leads to one Lowering the contact point temperature and to an extended lifespan from the Semi-finished electrical contact pieces.
  • a silver-tin oxide-tungsten oxide composite powder with 20% by weight of tin oxide and 0.5% by weight of tungsten oxide is made by spraying an aqueous Solution of silver nitrate, tin-II-chloride and Tungsten ll chloride in a heated to approx. 950 ° C Reactor with an oxygen-containing atmosphere, being a silver-tin oxide-tungsten oxide composite powder precipitates, in the powder particles of the tin oxide and the tungsten oxide is in a very fine distribution. Then 50 parts by weight of a Silver powder with a particle size smaller than 40 ⁇ m with 50 parts by weight of the silver-tin oxide-tungsten oxide composite powder dry for an hour mixed and as in the 1st example for contact plates processed further.
  • a silver-tin oxide composite powder with 30 % By weight of tin oxide is produced as in the second example.
  • a silver-nickel composite powder with 2 wt .-% Nickel is made by spraying one aqueous solution of silver nitrate and nickel-II-chloride in a reactor heated to approx. 950 ° C with a protective gas atmosphere (e.g. argon), whereby a silver-nickel composite powder fails, in the Powder particles the nickel in a very fine distribution is present.
  • a protective gas atmosphere e.g. argon
  • the fourth example can be modified accordingly be that instead of a silver-nickel composite powder a silver powder and a carbonyl nickel powder mixed with the silver-tin oxide composite powder will. Otherwise the same as in the 4th example method.
  • the attached figure shows schematically the Structure of one according to the second example manufactured composite, in which silver-tin oxide areas 1, mostly less than 50 ⁇ m, are in a silver matrix that consists of the oxide-free silver powder particles has emerged.
  • Semi-finished products produced according to the invention are suitable are particularly suitable for contact pieces in low-voltage switching devices, e.g. in motor contactors.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)
EP89903734A 1988-03-26 1989-03-22 Halbzeug für elektrische kontakte aus einem verbundwerkstoff auf silber-zinnoxid-basis und pulvermetallurgisches verfahren zu seiner herstellung Expired - Lifetime EP0440620B2 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89903734T ATE102387T1 (de) 1988-03-26 1989-03-22 Halbzeug fuer elektrische kontakte aus einem verbundwerkstoff auf silber-zinnoxid-basis und pulvermetallurgisches verfahren zu seiner herstellung.

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3810311 1988-03-26
DE3810311 1988-03-26
PCT/EP1989/000316 WO1989009478A1 (fr) 1988-03-26 1989-03-22 Produit semi-fini pour contacts electriques, constitue d'un materiau composite a base d'argent et d'oxyde d'etain, et procede de metallurgie des poudres pour sa fabrication

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0440620A1 EP0440620A1 (de) 1991-08-14
EP0440620B1 EP0440620B1 (de) 1994-03-02
EP0440620B2 true EP0440620B2 (de) 1998-06-03

Family

ID=6350773

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89903734A Expired - Lifetime EP0440620B2 (de) 1988-03-26 1989-03-22 Halbzeug für elektrische kontakte aus einem verbundwerkstoff auf silber-zinnoxid-basis und pulvermetallurgisches verfahren zu seiner herstellung

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US5360673A (es)
EP (1) EP0440620B2 (es)
JP (1) JPH03504615A (es)
CN (1) CN1022934C (es)
CA (1) CA1339713C (es)
DD (1) DD283571A5 (es)
DE (2) DE3909384A1 (es)
ES (1) ES2012293A6 (es)
WO (1) WO1989009478A1 (es)

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FR2916082B1 (fr) * 2007-05-11 2009-06-12 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Procede de fabrication d'un materiau pour pastille de contact electrique, pastille de contact realise par un tel procede
CN100552845C (zh) * 2007-09-27 2009-10-21 天津大学 银基氧化锡梯度电触头材料及制备方法
CN101911219B (zh) * 2008-01-17 2015-12-16 日亚化学工业株式会社 导电性材料及其制造方法、电子设备、发光装置及其制造方法
DE102008056263A1 (de) * 2008-11-06 2010-05-27 Ami Doduco Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Halbzeugs und Halbzeug für elektrische Kontakte sowie Kontaktstück
DE102008056264A1 (de) * 2008-11-06 2010-05-27 Ami Doduco Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Halbzeugs und Halbzeug für elektrische Kontakte sowie Kontaktstück
CN102074278B (zh) * 2010-12-09 2011-12-28 温州宏丰电工合金股份有限公司 颗粒定向排列增强银基电触头材料的制备方法
CN102142325B (zh) * 2010-12-30 2013-04-03 温州宏丰电工合金股份有限公司 颗粒定向排列增强银基氧化物电触头材料及其制备方法
CN105374598A (zh) * 2015-11-05 2016-03-02 福达合金材料股份有限公司 一种粗氧化物颗粒银基电接触材料的制备方法
DE102016105437A1 (de) * 2016-03-23 2017-09-28 Doduco Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kontaktwerkstoffes auf Basis von Silber-Zinnoxid oder Silber-Sinkoxid sowie Kontaktwerkstoff
CN106350692B (zh) * 2016-09-23 2018-04-03 佛山市诺普材料科技有限公司 一种利用银镍合金废料制备银氧化镍的方法
JP7084730B2 (ja) * 2017-02-01 2022-06-15 Ｄｏｗａエレクトロニクス株式会社 銀合金粉末およびその製造方法
CN111961910B (zh) * 2020-07-24 2022-07-12 浙江耐迩合金科技有限公司 一种银氧化锡电接触材料的制备方法
CN111961911B (zh) * 2020-07-24 2022-04-26 浙江耐迩合金科技有限公司 高抗熔焊性能银基电接触材料的制备方法
EP4563547A1 (en) 2023-11-29 2025-06-04 Any Color International Limited. Far-infrared emitting material and preparation method thereof

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1036991A (zh) 1989-11-08
DE58907140D1 (de) 1994-04-07
CA1339713C (en) 1998-03-17
EP0440620A1 (de) 1991-08-14
US5360673A (en) 1994-11-01
ES2012293A6 (es) 1990-03-01
CN1022934C (zh) 1993-12-01
WO1989009478A1 (fr) 1989-10-05
DE3909384A1 (de) 1989-10-19
EP0440620B1 (de) 1994-03-02
DD283571A5 (de) 1990-10-17
JPH03504615A (ja) 1991-10-09

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