EP0425469B1 - (Matériau pour) Aimant permanent et procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

(Matériau pour) Aimant permanent et procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0425469B1
EP0425469B1 EP19900890267 EP90890267A EP0425469B1 EP 0425469 B1 EP0425469 B1 EP 0425469B1 EP 19900890267 EP19900890267 EP 19900890267 EP 90890267 A EP90890267 A EP 90890267A EP 0425469 B1 EP0425469 B1 EP 0425469B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hre
base material
metal
grain
boundary
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19900890267
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0425469A3 (en
EP0425469A2 (fr
Inventor
Oskar Dr. Pacher
Siegfried Dr. Heiss
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vacuumschmelze GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Vacuumschmelze GmbH and Co KG
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Publication date
Application filed by Vacuumschmelze GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Vacuumschmelze GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0425469A2 publication Critical patent/EP0425469A2/fr
Publication of EP0425469A3 publication Critical patent/EP0425469A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0425469B1 publication Critical patent/EP0425469B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
    • H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
    • H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
    • H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
    • H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
    • H01F1/0575—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together
    • H01F1/0577—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together sintered
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
    • H01F41/0293—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets diffusion of rare earth elements, e.g. Tb, Dy or Ho, into permanent magnets

Definitions

  • Permanent magnets are known from EP-PS 126 802 Materials contain rare earths as well as boron and possibly cobalt. This Due to the process parameters used, elements are in the magnetic phase distributed homogeneously. This is how the magnets are made proceeded that a melt metallurgically manufactured starting alloy is ground, whereupon the powder is pressed in a magnetic field, followed by a Sintering and heat treatment follow.
  • EP-PS 101 552 which are rare Earth and iron and boron and optionally contain additional elements.
  • the main magnetic phase must be one intermetallic compound of constant composition, which is a homogeneous distribution of all elements.
  • the disadvantage of the great effort on the alloying side Production of the starting alloy which must be particularly pure in order to be critical To avoid contamination.
  • these magnets have strong ones Scattering of magnetic data and poor reproducibility.
  • EP-A-208 807 describes a method for producing SE-Fe-B magnets specified in which a magnetizable base material powder SE oxides, preferably SSE oxides, to align the domain walls of the mixture be added.
  • SE oxides preferably SSE oxides
  • a detailed report on the effects of different fixed grain boundary additives is in IEEE Transactions of Magnetics in Japan, Vol. 3, Feb. 2, 1988, pages 145-151.
  • Different grain boundary materials EP-A-389 626 are also used to manufacture SE-Fe-B magnetic materials can be seen, however, a separate sintering process with special Grain boundary formation is used.
  • From EP-A-395 625 is one Grain boundary alloy technology from magnetizable SE-Fe-B powder manufactured permanent magnet materials become known.
  • the Alloy additives are extremely fine and can preferably be made thermally stable SE connections with at least a portion of an SSE connection as well optionally other components may be formed.
  • JP-A-62-171102 it has already been proposed the low price because of SE halides as an additive with 0.1 to 10% Manufacture to use sintered magnets.
  • SE-containing organic acids the magnetizable SE-Fe-B powder to the extent of 0.1 to 15 atomic% of the SE content Increase in the coercive force and the energy product of the magnetic material to add.
  • the invention aims to overcome the disadvantages of known manufacturing of magnets and a manufacturing process for permanent magnets, which contain rare earths and good temperature stability with reduced Show scatter in the magnetic parameters.
  • a base material with at least one RE metal, in particular neodymium (Nd), as well as iron and boron the base material is pulverized and at least one heavy SE-containing (SSE) metal compound as Grain boundary alloy additive mixed and the powder mixture in a magnetic field aligned, pressed and sintered and, if necessary, heat treated, whereby to form a concentration gradient of the SSE metal to the Grain boundaries of the magnetic phase after admixing the Grain boundary alloy addition to the base material powder at least part of the Grain boundary alloy additive by sintering the green compact and / or by a Heat treatment of the sintered body at least partially thermally disassembled, reacted and an SSE concentration gradient at the grain boundaries of the magnetic phase is formed, the grain boundary alloy addition Carbide of the SSE metal and / or a carbide of this SSE metal when heated contains the chemical compound of this SSE metal.
  • SSE SE-containing
  • a preferred way to manufacture the new permanent magnets is in that the alloy additives in powdered form with the base material be mixed up.
  • Another advantageous way of intimately contacting the base material with the alloy additives is that the SSE metal compounds in solid or liquid, in particular dissolved, form with the powdery Base material can be associated so that the surfaces of each Grains are largely wetted or contacted.
  • the heat treatment of the with the metal-organic SSE connection associated or wetted Base material for the purpose of converting the organometallic SSE compound in SSE carbide under reduced pressure, preferably under Vacuum is done.
  • the compound can already be in the form of dissolved carbides from SSE metals are present or these carbides are made by thermal decomposition of the Liquid formed. It is advantageous if the thermal decomposition at a Heat treatment at a temperature between 100 ° C to 1000 ° C, preferably between 350 ° C and 800 ° C.
  • Grain boundary alloy additives in the amount of 0.2 to 2.5 wt .-%, preferably from 0.8 to 2% by weight, in particular from 1 to 1.5% by weight of the melt metallurgy prepared powdered base material are added to the same. If in the course of heating the connections Carbon monoxide and / or carbon dioxide is split off, it is appropriate that the heat treatment of the contacted base material to evaporate the Solvent and / or disassembly of the compound under reduced pressure, preferably under vacuum.
  • a base alloy made by melt metallurgy a crushing of this alloy into a powder with dimensions of advantageously less than 50 ⁇ m.
  • the selected solid alloy additives can are also pulverized or ground, advantageously on particles with Dimensions smaller than 5 ⁇ m. These two powders are then combined grind until the particles of the melt-metallurgically produced Base material dimensions preferably less than 10 microns or 15 microns.
  • This powder with an essentially homogeneous particle distribution which is optionally achieved after a homogenization step, is then pressed to the desired shape in the magnetic field and then at Sintered temperatures from 900 ° C to 1200 ° C.
  • the alloy additives can be used as compounds in the form of solutions or liquid and mixed with the powder of the base material, e.g. be stirred.
  • These connections are Carbides from SSE metals or can be heat treated in these carbides be transferred. As shown in Fig. 1, this heat treatment can be done before or after pressing, at most in the course of sintering. It is appropriate to mixing excess solvents e.g. by evaporation or to heat the moist or wetted base material or optionally to be pressed and then to the sintering in dried form undergo. Drying the solvent of the compound can be done in vacuo or take place under protective gas.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'aimants permanents en terres rares (SE)-fer(Fe)-bore(B), qui consiste à préparer un matériau de base ayant au moins un métal SE, notamment du néodyme (Nd), ainsi que du fer et du bore, à pulvériser le matériau de base et à le mélanger à au moins un composé lourd métallique contenant du SE (SSE) en tant qu'additif d'alliage intergranulaire et à orienter le mélange de poudres dans un champ magnétique, à le comprimer et à le fritter et éventuellement à le traiter thermiquement, au moins une partie de l'additif d'alliage intergranulaire étant, pour former un gradient de concentration du métal SSE aux limites de grains de la phase magnétique, décomposée thermiquement au moins partiellement après le mélange de l'additif d'alliage intergranulaire à la poudre du matériau de base par frittage de l'ébauche et/ou par un traitement thermique du corps fritté, étant laissée à réagir et un gradient de concentration de SSE aux limites de grains de la phase magnétique étant formé, l'additif d'alliage intergranulaire renfermant le carbure du métal SSE et/ou un composé chimique de ce métal SSE qui forme par chauffage un carbure de ce métal SSE.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à mélanger les additifs d'alliage sous forme pulvérisée au matériau de base.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à mélanger les additifs d'alliage sous forme dissoute ou liquide au matériau de base.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à utiliser comme composés chimiques des métaux SSE des composés organo-métalliques des métaux SSE.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à utiliser comme composés chimiques des métaux SSE leurs sels avec des acides organiques.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à ajouter les additifs d'alliage intergranulaire au matériau de base en une quantité représentant de 0,2 à 2,5 % en poids, de préférence de 0,8 à 2 % en poids, notamment de 1 à 1,5 % en poids du matériau de base pulvérisé préparé par métallurgie des poudres.
EP19900890267 1989-10-25 1990-10-05 (Matériau pour) Aimant permanent et procédé de fabrication Expired - Lifetime EP0425469B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT245489 1989-10-25
AT2454/89 1989-10-25
AT245489A AT393178B (de) 1989-10-25 1989-10-25 Permanentmagnet(-werkstoff) sowie verfahren zur herstellung desselben

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0425469A2 EP0425469A2 (fr) 1991-05-02
EP0425469A3 EP0425469A3 (en) 1991-11-06
EP0425469B1 true EP0425469B1 (fr) 2000-04-05

Family

ID=3534648

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19900890267 Expired - Lifetime EP0425469B1 (fr) 1989-10-25 1990-10-05 (Matériau pour) Aimant permanent et procédé de fabrication

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0425469B1 (fr)
AT (1) AT393178B (fr)
CZ (1) CZ284167B6 (fr)
DD (1) DD298177A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE59010911D1 (fr)
HU (1) HU215659B (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT399415B (de) * 1991-03-18 1995-05-26 Boehler Ybbstalwerke Verfahren zur herstellung von seltene erden enthaltendem(n) permanentmagnet(-en) (-werkstoffen)
AU2001275775A1 (en) * 2000-08-03 2002-02-18 Sanei Kasei Co., Limited Nanocomposite permanent magnet
JP5057111B2 (ja) 2009-07-01 2012-10-24 信越化学工業株式会社 希土類磁石の製造方法
MY174972A (en) * 2011-05-02 2020-05-29 Shinetsu Chemical Co Rare earth permanent magnets and their preparation

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6187825A (ja) * 1984-10-05 1986-05-06 Hitachi Metals Ltd 永久磁石材料の製造方法
US4762574A (en) * 1985-06-14 1988-08-09 Union Oil Company Of California Rare earth-iron-boron premanent magnets
JPS6227548A (ja) * 1985-07-27 1987-02-05 Sumitomo Special Metals Co Ltd 永久磁石合金
JPS62171102A (ja) * 1986-01-23 1987-07-28 Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd 希土類永久磁石とその製造方法
AU609669B2 (en) * 1986-10-13 1991-05-02 N.V. Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken Method of manufacturing a permanent magnet
EP0284033B1 (fr) * 1987-03-23 1993-08-11 Tokin Corporation Méthode pour la fabrication d'un aimant anisotrope à liant, à base de terre rare-fer-bore, à partir de copeaux rubanés en alliage terre rare-fer-bore rapidement trempé
JPH01238001A (ja) * 1988-03-18 1989-09-22 Kawasaki Steel Corp 希土類永久磁石の製造方法
US5147447A (en) * 1988-06-03 1992-09-15 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Sintered rare earth metal-boron-iron alloy magnets and a method for their production
AT393177B (de) * 1989-04-28 1991-08-26 Boehler Gmbh Permanentmagnet(-werkstoff) sowie verfahren zur herstellung desselben

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HU906544D0 (en) 1991-04-29
ATA245489A (de) 1991-01-15
CZ284167B6 (cs) 1998-09-16
EP0425469A3 (en) 1991-11-06
CS514190A3 (en) 1992-05-13
AT393178B (de) 1991-08-26
DE59010911D1 (de) 2000-09-21
DD298177A5 (de) 1992-02-06
HUT58948A (en) 1992-03-30
HU215659B (hu) 1999-02-01
EP0425469A2 (fr) 1991-05-02

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