EP0399994B1 - Dispositif de commande de l'alimentation d'air secondaire pour un brûleur, notamment d'une chaudière - Google Patents

Dispositif de commande de l'alimentation d'air secondaire pour un brûleur, notamment d'une chaudière Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0399994B1
EP0399994B1 EP90890151A EP90890151A EP0399994B1 EP 0399994 B1 EP0399994 B1 EP 0399994B1 EP 90890151 A EP90890151 A EP 90890151A EP 90890151 A EP90890151 A EP 90890151A EP 0399994 B1 EP0399994 B1 EP 0399994B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion section
primary
combustion
region
secondary air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90890151A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0399994A2 (fr
EP0399994A3 (fr
Inventor
Werner Atzenhofer
Klaus Mandl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0399994A2 publication Critical patent/EP0399994A2/fr
Publication of EP0399994A3 publication Critical patent/EP0399994A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0399994B1 publication Critical patent/EP0399994B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F23N1/022—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2233/00—Ventilators
    • F23N2233/06—Ventilators at the air intake
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2233/00—Ventilators
    • F23N2233/06—Ventilators at the air intake
    • F23N2233/08—Ventilators at the air intake with variable speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2237/00—Controlling
    • F23N2237/16—Controlling secondary air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/12—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for controlling the secondary air supply for a furnace, in particular a boiler, with a primary combustion path and a secondary combustion path downstream of the secondary air supply, a measuring device for a parameter dependent on the quality of combustion in the area of the secondary combustion path and with a control device for the secondary air supply as a function of the actual value of the parameter, as is known for example from US-A-4 457 692.
  • the measuring device consists of a pair of electrodes for detecting the electrical conductivity of the flame or the combustion gases in the region of the secondary combustion path, that a further measuring device with a pair of electrodes for detecting the electrical conductivity of the flame or the combustion gases in the Area of the primary combustion path is provided and that the control device comprises a target value specification for the secondary combustion path dependent on the detected conductivity in the region of the primary combustion path with a stored association between the guide values in the area of the primary combustion path and the target values for the secondary combustion path.
  • This ratio between the conductance values occurring in the area of the primary and secondary combustion zone during an optimized combustion process can be empirically determined in a series of tests for different conditions in the area of the primary combustion zone for a particular furnace and then specified to the control devices for such a furnace, because yes if the geometric conditions remain the same, do not change the conductance ratios under certain combustion conditions.
  • the guide values assigned to the guide values in the area of the primary combustion section in a test series in the area of the secondary combustion section thus provide as setpoints for the secondary combustion section A comparison of the target and actual values following an intervention in the secondary air supply ensures that the optimal combustion conditions specified in the test series are safe even with subsequent burns.
  • the electrodes of each of the two measuring devices which are connected to an electrical bias, can be connected in series with an ohmic resistance, the voltage drop being present in the area of the primary and / or the secondary combustion path for the detection of the conductivity this resistance is measured.
  • the two measuring devices can each have separate electrodes. Particularly simple constructional relationships result, however, if the grate of the furnace forms at least one of the two electrodes for the measuring device assigned to the primary combustion path.
  • the electrical conductivity in the area of the secondary combustion section can also be detected via a pair of electrodes, one electrode of which is arranged at the beginning of the primary combustion section and the other electrode at the end of the secondary combustion section, because the conductivity of the primary combustion section is recorded separately, it is also possible to use the Use the grate of the furnace as an electrode for both measuring devices.
  • the regulation of the secondary air supply as a function of the ratio of the electrical conductance values in the area of the primary and the secondary combustion path also allows the combustion conditions that change with the fuel to be taken into account when determining the ratio of the conductance values required for optimal combustion for these different fuels.
  • the control device can set a switchable setpoint for at least two different fuels with the assignments empirically determined for these fuels have the guide values in the area of the primary combustion section and the target values for the secondary combustion section. When using one of these fuels, it is only necessary to switch the setpoint specification for the control device to this fuel in order to be able to take the fuel-specific combustion conditions into account when regulating the secondary air supply.
  • the electrical conductance values are recorded in the area of the primary combustion section 2 and in the area of the secondary combustion section 3, with the aid of one measuring device 12 or 13 with two electrodes 14, 15 or 16, 15 as shown in the drawing can be used according to the embodiment of the grate 6 as a common electrode 15 for both measuring devices 12 and 13, but this need not be the case.
  • the electrodes 14, 15 and 16, 15 are each connected to a voltage source 17 and are connected in series with an ohmic resistor 18, the voltage drop across the ohmic resistor 18 being detected by a transducer 19 and being forwarded to an averager 20, which generates the averaged measured values over a predetermined period of time in order to be able to compensate for short-term fluctuations.
  • the control device 11 While the averaged measured value of the measuring device 19 for detecting the conductance in the area of the secondary combustion section 3 is supplied as the actual value to the control device 11, the averaged measured value of the conductivity in the area of the primary combustion section is used to determine the setpoint for the secondary combustion section 3 to be specified for the control adjustment.
  • the control device 11 is assigned a setpoint specification 21, in which a specific assignment between the conductivity in the area of the primary combustion section 2 and the setpoint value of the conductivity for the secondary combustion section 3 is stored via an input 22, in order to use the mean value of the conductivity present via the input 23 the primary combustion zone 2 to be able to read out the stored setpoint value assigned to this mean value to the control device 11 as a reference variable.
  • This assignment between the guide values of the primary and the secondary combustion section is recorded for a certain furnace in a series of tests in which at different combustion conditions in the area of the primary combustion section 2, the secondary air supply is set so that advantageous results are achieved with regard to the pollutant content and the efficiency, the temperature, the excess air, the pollutant content and the like being set for this setting.
  • the secondary air supply is set so that advantageous results are achieved with regard to the pollutant content and the efficiency, the temperature, the excess air, the pollutant content and the like being set for this setting.
  • Like. Can be measured in the region of the secondary combustion section 3.
  • the electrical conductivity in the area of the secondary combustion section 3 is then measured for the cheapest combustion set in each case and assigned to the conductivity in the area of the primary combustion section, so that after the storage of this assignment in the setpoint specification 21 when certain combustion conditions characterized by a conductance occur in the range of Primary combustion section 2, the secondary air supply can be readjusted on the basis of the setpoint value assigned to this conductance for the secondary combustion section in accordance with the empirically determined, cheapest combustion. If the use of different fuels is to be expected, the ratio of the guide values in the area of the primary and secondary combustion sections can also be adapted and stored to different fuels by means of appropriate test series. When changing the fuel in this case, only the setpoint specification 21 needs to be switched accordingly.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Dispositif de régulation de l'amenée d'air secondaire destiné à un foyer, en particulier d'une chaudière, avec un parcours de combustion primaire (2) et un parcours de combustion secondaire (3), disposé en aval, raccordé à l'amenée d'air secondaire, un dispositif de mesure (12, respectivement 13) pour un paramètre dépendant de la qualité de combustion dans la zone du parcours de combustion secondaire (3) et avec un dispositif de réglage (11) du paramètre, pour l'amenée d'air secondaire, en fonction de la valeur réelle du paramètre,
    caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de mesure (13) est composé d'une paire d'électrodes (16, 15) destinées à mesurer la conductibilité électrique de la flamme, respectivement des gaz de combustion dans la zone du parcours de combustion secondaire (3), en ce qu'est prévu un autre dispositif de mesure (12), avec une paire d'électrodes (14, 15) destiné à mesurer la conductibilité électrique de la flamme, respectivement des gaz de combustion dans la zone du parcours de combustion primaire (2), et en ce qu'au dispositif de réglage (11) est attribuée une valeur de consigne (21), dépendant de la conductibilité mesurée dans la zone du parcours de combustion primaire (2), pour le parcours de combustion secondaire (3), avec une association, mise en mémoire, entre les valeurs de conductivité dans la zone du parcours de combustion primaire (2) et les valeurs de consigne du parcours de combustion secondaire (3).
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que les électrodes (14, 15; 16, 15), reliées à une tension électrique initiale, de chacun des deux dispositifs de mesure (12,13) sont mises en série avec une résistance ohmique (18) et en ce que, pour apréhender la conductibilité dans la zone des parcours de combustion primaire, respectivement secondaire (2 respectivement 3), on mesure la chute de tension au passage de cette résistance (18).
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que la grille (6) du foyer forme, au moins pour le dispositif de mesure (12) associé au parcours de combustion primaire (2), l'une des deux électrodes (14, 15).
  4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce qu'au dispositif de réglage (11) est attribuée une valeur de consigne (21) pouvant être commutée, pour au moins deux combustibles différents, avec les associations, déterminées de façon empirique pour ces combustibles, entre les valeurs de conductibilité dans la zone du parcours (2) de combustion primaire et les valeurs de consigne du parcours (3) de combustion secondaire.
  5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisé en ce que les deux dispositifs de mesure (12, 13) sont chacun raccordés au dispositif de réglage (11), par l'intermédiaire d'un calculateur de valeur moyenne (20).
EP90890151A 1989-05-26 1990-05-16 Dispositif de commande de l'alimentation d'air secondaire pour un brûleur, notamment d'une chaudière Expired - Lifetime EP0399994B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0127389A AT398345B (de) 1989-05-26 1989-05-26 Vorrichtung zum regeln der sekundärluftzufuhr für eine feuerung, insbesondere eines heizkessels
AT1273/89 1989-05-26

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0399994A2 EP0399994A2 (fr) 1990-11-28
EP0399994A3 EP0399994A3 (fr) 1991-06-12
EP0399994B1 true EP0399994B1 (fr) 1993-09-01

Family

ID=3510316

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90890151A Expired - Lifetime EP0399994B1 (fr) 1989-05-26 1990-05-16 Dispositif de commande de l'alimentation d'air secondaire pour un brûleur, notamment d'une chaudière

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0399994B1 (fr)
AT (2) AT398345B (fr)
DE (1) DE59002526D1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012021799A1 (de) * 2012-11-08 2014-05-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Heizungsvorrichtung und Verfahren zur optimierten Verbrennung von Biomasse

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2205766C (fr) * 1996-09-12 2001-02-20 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Systeme de combustion et methode de regulation du fonctionnement
WO1999066264A1 (fr) * 1998-06-16 1999-12-23 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Technique d'exploitation d'incinerateur a lit fluidise et incinerateur
DE102012023450B4 (de) * 2012-11-30 2018-12-20 Sebastian Stein Verfahren zur Regelung der Verbrennung von Feststoffen in einer Feuerungsanlage

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL7110040A (fr) * 1971-07-21 1973-01-23
US4459098A (en) * 1982-07-26 1984-07-10 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Method and apparatus for controlling secondary air distribution to a multiple fuel combustor
US4457692A (en) * 1983-08-22 1984-07-03 Honeywell Inc. Dual firing rate flame sensing system
CH673699A5 (en) * 1986-09-12 1990-03-30 Tiba Kochherd & App Ag Combustion air regulation system for solid fuel boiler - with separate regulation of total quantity of air and primary secondary air ratio

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012021799A1 (de) * 2012-11-08 2014-05-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Heizungsvorrichtung und Verfahren zur optimierten Verbrennung von Biomasse

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATA127389A (de) 1994-03-15
DE59002526D1 (de) 1993-10-07
ATE93955T1 (de) 1993-09-15
AT398345B (de) 1994-11-25
EP0399994A2 (fr) 1990-11-28
EP0399994A3 (fr) 1991-06-12

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