EP0399994A2 - Dispositif de commande de l'alimentation d'air secondaire pour un brûleur, notamment d'une chaudière - Google Patents

Dispositif de commande de l'alimentation d'air secondaire pour un brûleur, notamment d'une chaudière Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0399994A2
EP0399994A2 EP90890151A EP90890151A EP0399994A2 EP 0399994 A2 EP0399994 A2 EP 0399994A2 EP 90890151 A EP90890151 A EP 90890151A EP 90890151 A EP90890151 A EP 90890151A EP 0399994 A2 EP0399994 A2 EP 0399994A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion
combustion section
area
primary
air supply
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90890151A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0399994A3 (fr
EP0399994B1 (fr
Inventor
Werner Atzenhofer
Klaus Mandl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0399994A2 publication Critical patent/EP0399994A2/fr
Publication of EP0399994A3 publication Critical patent/EP0399994A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0399994B1 publication Critical patent/EP0399994B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F23N1/022—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2233/00—Ventilators
    • F23N2233/06—Ventilators at the air intake
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2233/00—Ventilators
    • F23N2233/06—Ventilators at the air intake
    • F23N2233/08—Ventilators at the air intake with variable speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2237/00—Controlling
    • F23N2237/16—Controlling secondary air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/12—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for controlling the secondary air supply for a furnace, in particular a boiler, with a primary combustion path and a secondary combustion path downstream of the secondary air supply, a measuring device for a parameter dependent on the quality of combustion in the area of the secondary combustion path and with a control device for the secondary air supply depending on the actual value of the parameter.
  • the combustion air is supplied divided in adaptation to the combustion process, specifically in the area of the embers as primary air and in the area of the combustible gases emerging from the embers as secondary air. Accordingly, it can be spoken between a primary combustion section and a secondary combustion section arranged downstream of this primary combustion section following the secondary air supply.
  • the secondary air supply is generally controlled as a function of the exhaust gas temperature, the residual oxygen content in the exhaust gases or the carbon monoxide content, that is to say as a function of a parameter which represents a measure of the quality of combustion, with the assumption that changing conditions in the area of the primary combustion path via the parameters recorded for controlling the secondary air supply can be considered sufficiently.
  • a parameter which represents a measure of the quality of combustion with the assumption that changing conditions in the area of the primary combustion path via the parameters recorded for controlling the secondary air supply can be considered sufficiently.
  • more detailed studies have shown that this is not the case and that it would be desirable to control the secondary air supply as a function of the respective combustion conditions in the area of the primary combustion path.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to design a device for regulating the secondary air supply for a furnace, in particular a boiler, of the type described above with simple means so that the combustion taking into account the changing combustion conditions in the area of the primary combustion section with regard to the efficiency and can be optimized for the pollutant content.
  • the measuring device consists of a pair of electrodes for detecting the electrical conductivity of the flame or the combustion gases in the region of the secondary combustion path, that a further measuring device with a pair of electrodes for detecting the electrical conductivity of the flame or the combustion gases is provided in the area of the primary combustion section and that the control device comprises a setpoint value specification for the secondary combustion section which is dependent on the detected conductivity in the area of the primary combustion section, with a stored association between the guide values in the area of the primary combustion section and the setpoints for the secondary combustion section.
  • the electrical conductivity of a flame or a combustion gas depends on the number of thermally released ions and electrons and thus on the effective temperature of the flame and the chemical composition of the combustion gases
  • the electrical conductivity of the flame or the combustion gas is not only one the combustion quality is particularly meaningful ter, but also a parameter that can be easily measured using a pair of electrodes, because the positively charged ions are concentrated in the flame root, while the considerably more mobile electrons are found mainly in the area of the flame end, so that there is between the Flame root and the flame end gives a potential difference that depends on the temperature and the composition of the combustion gases.
  • This ratio between the conductance values in the area of the primary and the secondary combustion section occurring with an optimized combustion process can be empirically determined in a series of tests for different conditions in the area of the primary combustion section for a particular furnace and then specified to the control devices for such a furnace, because yes if the geometric conditions remain the same, the conductance ratios do not change under certain combustion conditions.
  • the guide values assigned to the guide values in the area of the primary combustion section in a test series in the area of the secondary combustion section thus provide as target values for the secondary combustion section A comparison of the target and actual values following an intervention in the secondary air supply ensures that the optimal combustion conditions specified in the test series are safe even with subsequent burns.
  • the electrodes of each of the two measuring devices which are connected to an electrical bias, can be connected in series with an ohmic resistance, the voltage drop being present in the area of the primary and / or the secondary combustion path for the detection of the conductivity this resistance is measured.
  • the two measuring devices can each have separate electrodes. Particularly simple constructional relationships result, however, if the grate of the furnace forms at least one of the two electrodes for the measuring device assigned to the primary combustion path.
  • the electrical conductivity in the area of the secondary combustion section can also be detected via a pair of electrodes, one electrode of which is arranged at the beginning of the primary combustion section and the other electrode at the end of the secondary combustion section, because the conductivity of the primary combustion section is recorded separately, it is also possible to use the Use the grate of the furnace as an electrode for both measuring devices.
  • the regulation of the secondary air supply as a function of the ratio of the electrical conductance values in the area of the primary and the secondary combustion path also allows the combustion conditions that change with the fuel to be taken into account when determining the ratio of the conductance values required for optimal combustion for these different fuels.
  • the control device can set a switchable setpoint for at least two different fuels with the assignments empirically determined for these fuels have the guide values in the area of the primary combustion section and the target values for the secondary combustion section. When using one of these fuels, it is only necessary to change the setpoint specification for the control device to this fuel in order to be able to take the fuel-specific combustion conditions into account when regulating the secondary air supply.
  • the two measuring devices for recording the conductance values in the primary and secondary combustion systems can each be connected to the control device via an averager, with the aid of which only changes recorded over longer periods of time and used for the regulation.
  • the solid fuel furnace shown for a boiler has a primary combustion section 2 formed by a combustion chamber 1 and an adjoining secondary combustion section 3 in the form of a post-combustion chamber or flame channel 4.
  • the fuel is conveyed via a feed device indicated by an arrow 5 onto a grate 6, which closes the combustion chamber 1 at the bottom.
  • the primary air is fed to the fuel via a blower 7 through the grate 6, the combustion gases resulting from the combustion flowing into the flame tube 4 for post-combustion, for which combustion air is provided via a blower 8.
  • a speed is used to control this combustion air supplied as secondary air Controlled motor 9 for the blower 8, the actuator 10 for the speed control is acted upon by a control device 11.
  • the electrical conductance values are recorded in the area of the primary combustion section 2 and in the area of the secondary combustion section 3, with the aid of one measuring device 12 or 13 with two electrodes 14, 15 or 16, 15 as shown in the drawing can be used according to the embodiment of the grate 6 as a common electrode 15 for both measuring devices 12 and 13, but this need not be the case.
  • the electrodes 14, 15 and 16, 15 are each connected to a voltage source 17 and are connected in series with an ohmic resistor 18, the voltage drop across the ohmic resistor 18 being detected by a transducer 19 and being forwarded to an averager 20, which generates the averaged measured values over a predetermined period of time in order to be able to compensate for short-term fluctuations.
  • the control device 11 is assigned a setpoint specification 21, in which a specific assignment between the conductivity in the area of the primary combustion path 2 and the setpoint value of the conductivity for the secondary combustion path 3 is stored via an input 22, in order to use the mean value of the conductivity present via the input 23 the primary combustion path 2 to be able to read the stored setpoint assigned to this mean value to the control device 11 as a reference variable.
  • the electrical conductivity in the area of the secondary combustion section 3 is then measured for the cheapest combustion set in each case and assigned to the conductivity in the area of the primary combustion section, so that after the storage of this assignment in the setpoint specification 21 when certain combustion conditions characterized by a conductance occur in the range of Primary combustion section 2, the secondary air supply can be readjusted on the basis of the setpoint value assigned to this conductance for the secondary combustion section in accordance with the empirically determined, cheapest combustion. If the use of different fuels is to be expected, 50 the ratio of the guide values in the area of the primary and secondary combustion path can also be adapted and stored to different fuels by means of appropriate test series. When changing the fuel in this case, only the setpoint specification 21 needs to be switched accordingly.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
EP90890151A 1989-05-26 1990-05-16 Dispositif de commande de l'alimentation d'air secondaire pour un brûleur, notamment d'une chaudière Expired - Lifetime EP0399994B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0127389A AT398345B (de) 1989-05-26 1989-05-26 Vorrichtung zum regeln der sekundärluftzufuhr für eine feuerung, insbesondere eines heizkessels
AT1273/89 1989-05-26

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0399994A2 true EP0399994A2 (fr) 1990-11-28
EP0399994A3 EP0399994A3 (fr) 1991-06-12
EP0399994B1 EP0399994B1 (fr) 1993-09-01

Family

ID=3510316

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90890151A Expired - Lifetime EP0399994B1 (fr) 1989-05-26 1990-05-16 Dispositif de commande de l'alimentation d'air secondaire pour un brûleur, notamment d'une chaudière

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0399994B1 (fr)
AT (2) AT398345B (fr)
DE (1) DE59002526D1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5957063A (en) * 1996-09-12 1999-09-28 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Combustion system and operation control method thereof
EP1013994A1 (fr) * 1998-06-16 2000-06-28 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Technique d'exploitation d'incinerateur a lit fluidise et incinerateur
DE102012023450A1 (de) * 2012-11-30 2014-06-05 Sebastian Stein Verfahren zur Regelung der Verbrennung von Feststoffen in einer Feuerungsanlage

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012021799A1 (de) * 2012-11-08 2014-05-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Heizungsvorrichtung und Verfahren zur optimierten Verbrennung von Biomasse

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4457692A (en) * 1983-08-22 1984-07-03 Honeywell Inc. Dual firing rate flame sensing system
US4459098A (en) * 1982-07-26 1984-07-10 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Method and apparatus for controlling secondary air distribution to a multiple fuel combustor
CH673699A5 (en) * 1986-09-12 1990-03-30 Tiba Kochherd & App Ag Combustion air regulation system for solid fuel boiler - with separate regulation of total quantity of air and primary secondary air ratio

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL7110040A (fr) * 1971-07-21 1973-01-23

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4459098A (en) * 1982-07-26 1984-07-10 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Method and apparatus for controlling secondary air distribution to a multiple fuel combustor
US4457692A (en) * 1983-08-22 1984-07-03 Honeywell Inc. Dual firing rate flame sensing system
CH673699A5 (en) * 1986-09-12 1990-03-30 Tiba Kochherd & App Ag Combustion air regulation system for solid fuel boiler - with separate regulation of total quantity of air and primary secondary air ratio

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5957063A (en) * 1996-09-12 1999-09-28 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Combustion system and operation control method thereof
EP1013994A1 (fr) * 1998-06-16 2000-06-28 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Technique d'exploitation d'incinerateur a lit fluidise et incinerateur
EP1013994A4 (fr) * 1998-06-16 2003-01-02 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Technique d'exploitation d'incinerateur a lit fluidise et incinerateur
DE102012023450A1 (de) * 2012-11-30 2014-06-05 Sebastian Stein Verfahren zur Regelung der Verbrennung von Feststoffen in einer Feuerungsanlage
DE102012023450B4 (de) 2012-11-30 2018-12-20 Sebastian Stein Verfahren zur Regelung der Verbrennung von Feststoffen in einer Feuerungsanlage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59002526D1 (de) 1993-10-07
EP0399994A3 (fr) 1991-06-12
EP0399994B1 (fr) 1993-09-01
ATE93955T1 (de) 1993-09-15
AT398345B (de) 1994-11-25
ATA127389A (de) 1994-03-15

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