EP0375308A1 - Verfahren und Anlage zur Herstellung von hochfeinem Aluminium - Google Patents

Verfahren und Anlage zur Herstellung von hochfeinem Aluminium Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0375308A1
EP0375308A1 EP89313184A EP89313184A EP0375308A1 EP 0375308 A1 EP0375308 A1 EP 0375308A1 EP 89313184 A EP89313184 A EP 89313184A EP 89313184 A EP89313184 A EP 89313184A EP 0375308 A1 EP0375308 A1 EP 0375308A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vessel
aluminum
impeller
crystallizer
molten aluminum
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP89313184A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Cesur Celik
Ghyslain Dube
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rio Tinto Alcan International Ltd
Original Assignee
Alcan International Ltd Canada
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcan International Ltd Canada filed Critical Alcan International Ltd Canada
Publication of EP0375308A1 publication Critical patent/EP0375308A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D9/00—Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
    • C22B21/06—Obtaining aluminium refining

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a process and apparatus for producing high purity aluminum, particularly by fractional crystallization.
  • High purity aluminum is widely used to produce automotive and other bright surface products.
  • a highly desirable aluminum having excellent brightness is one of 99.95% ⁇ 0.02 purity containing less than 0.05 wt% iron and silicon.
  • This high purity aluminum is typically produced by one or a combination of the following techniques: zone refining, three layer refining and fractional crystallization.
  • the zone refining and three layer refining both require high investment, expensive maintenance and very skilled personnel.
  • fractional crystallization tends to be easier to operate, requires minimal investment and is cheaper to run.
  • the principal objective of fractional crystallization is to form a purified solid phase from an impure liquid phase.
  • a body of molten aluminum containing eutectic impurities, i.e. Fe, Si, Cu, etc. which undergo a eutectic reaction with aluminum is subjected to cooling, the crystals which solidify are richer in aluminum content than the liquid body from which they came. It is, therefore, possible by partial solidification of the melt to produce a solid fraction with higher purity than the original melt.
  • Mitsubishi, Japanese Patent 1984-28538 describes a system in which molten aluminum is accommodated in a vessel with a horizontal floor. The metal is purified by the extraction of heat through the cooled floor while liquid aluminum is stirred. Cracking problems in the floor and expansion problems with cooling pipes created serious operational difficulties for the Mitsubishi method.
  • the process of this invention for producing high purity aluminum comprises the steps of melting aluminum containing eutectic impurities to obtain a body of molten aluminum, holding the molten aluminum within a vertical, cylindrical crystallizer vessel, passing cooling fluid through a cooling jacket at least partially surrounding the vessel walls and stirring the molten aluminum within the vessel whereby high purity aluminum crystallizes on the cooled inner surface of the cylindrical vessel.
  • the molten aluminum is preferably provided in the crystallizer vessel by mounting the crystallizer on top of a melting furnace, e.g. an electromagnetic furnace.
  • the aluminum to be purified is added and melted until the height of the molten aluminum reaches the level of the top of the cooling jacket.
  • the aluminum may also contain peritectic impurities, such as vanadium and titanium. If so, an optional prior treatment with boron may be carried out by known methods to remove such impurities.
  • the methods include the following:
  • molten metal temperature, molten metal agitation and the cooling method all affect the quality of the final product. It is found advantageous to use an air/water mist flow for cooling and it has been found that the level of impurities in the purified solid decreases with increased speed of agitation and decreased coolant flow, i.e. lower solidification rate.
  • This coolant flow is obtained by varying the water to air ratio in the coolant mix, either by decreasing the water flow or increasing the air flow.
  • the eutectic impurities are rejected from the solid into the liquid phase to form a boundary layer of concentrated impurities in the vicinity of the liquid-solid interface.
  • the impurity content in the boundary layer increases, the solid/liquid interface changes from a smooth regular crystal front to a dendritic structure.
  • the thick thermal boundary layer in inefficiently mixed vessels also encourages the growth of dendrites.
  • the dendrites that form at the interface have a tendency to entrap the mother liquid enriched with impurities in their interstices. Therefore their formation is undesirable.
  • strong agitation of the melt is desirable.
  • agitation of the melt increases the rate of mass transfer because the impurities are more rapidly transferred from the solid/liquid interface to the melt.
  • an impeller speed in the order of about 150 to 250 rpm is preferred.
  • the cooling rate must also be carefully controlled. In order to minimize occlusion of impurities in the crystalline solid, it is desirable to form perfect crystals. However, the more perfect crystal growth occurs at low rates of crystallization. Moreover, as the rate of crystallization is decreased, the rate of buildup of impurities at the solid/liquid interface is reduced. This results in greater separation since decreasing the cooling flow rate decreases the rate of solidification. Of course, there is a lower limit on the level of cooling flow rate and it is must be sufficiently high to produce a rate of heat transfer sufficient to provide the degree of supersaturation necessary for crystallization.
  • the invention also relates to an apparatus for producing high-purity aluminum comprising (a) a vertical, cylindrical crystallizer vessel at least partially surrounded by a cooling jacket for passage of cooling fluid therethrough and having an open bottom end, (b) a melting furnace connected below the open bottom end of the crystallizer vessel, said furnace being adapted to melt aluminum and provide molten aluminum within the crystallizer vessel and (c) an elongated impeller axially rotatably mounted within the crystallizer vessel, said impeller being adapted to stir the molten aluminum in the crystallizer vessel while passing cooling fluid through the cooling jacket thereby crystallizing high purity aluminum on the cooled inner vessel wall.
  • the drawing is a view in vertical section showing one preferred embodiment of an apparatus for producing high purity aluminum by the process of the invention.
  • the apparatus consists of a cylindrically shaped crystallizer vessel 10 with an open bottom resting on top of an electromagnetic furnace 11.
  • the vessel 10 rests on a support 14 on top of furnace 11 which is mounted in a cabinet assembly 15.
  • the crystallizer vessel and furnace are both manufactured with silicon carbide refractory walls and the crystallizer vessel 10 has a cylindrical inner chamber 12.
  • a cooling jacket 13 in the form of a hollow wall portion surrounds the vessel 10 and is connected to inlet lines (not shown) for air and water.
  • a graphite impeller 17 with radial vanes Mounted axially within chamber 12 is a graphite impeller 17 with radial vanes.
  • the impeller is driven by a drive shaft 22 extending through removable insulated top 23 and connecting to a motor assembly 18 mounted on top of vessel 10.
  • Insulation is also provided between the vessel 10 and the electromagnetic furnace 12 and further portions of insulation 19 are provided adjacent portions of the cooling jacket.
  • part of the aluminum to be purified is placed within cavity 20 of furnace 11 to be melted and the rest of the aluminum to be purified is added gradually until the height of the molten metal reaches the level of the top of the cooling jacket 13. While stirring the molten aluminum with the impeller 17, the molten metal is cooled by a mist flow of air and water passing through cooling jacket 13. This results in high purity aluminum 21 solidifying on the cooled wall of chamber 12.
  • the stirring action disperses a layer of molten metal that stays close to the solidification boundary and is rich in impurities away from the boundary and into the molten metal mass. In this manner, the impurities are not pulled into the solids forming on the wall of the vessel and the purity of the final aluminum is improved.
  • the stirring system 17, 18 and top 23 are removed and the liquid metal is poured out by tilting the crystallizer using a hydraulic mechanism, leaving an annular form 21 of purified solid which, after cooling, is removed from the vessel 10.
  • the upper half of the crystallizer walls are designed so as to have a few degrees of taper to enable easy removal of the purified solid formed on the walls. Contraction during cooling makes subsequent removal easy. No cutting is necessary.
  • the above reactor was used to conduct various experiments on an impure aluminum alloy containing 99.7% by weight aluminum.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
EP89313184A 1988-12-22 1989-12-18 Verfahren und Anlage zur Herstellung von hochfeinem Aluminium Withdrawn EP0375308A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA586886 1988-12-22
CA586886 1988-12-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0375308A1 true EP0375308A1 (de) 1990-06-27

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89313184A Withdrawn EP0375308A1 (de) 1988-12-22 1989-12-18 Verfahren und Anlage zur Herstellung von hochfeinem Aluminium

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0375308A1 (de)
JP (1) JPH02225633A (de)
KR (1) KR900010026A (de)
AU (1) AU4703289A (de)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5110352A (en) * 1990-05-28 1992-05-05 Showa Aluminum Corporation Method of producing aluminum material for use as electronic material
EP1288319A1 (de) * 2001-09-03 2003-03-05 Corus Technology BV Verfahren zum Reinigen einer Aluminium-Legierung
EP1380658A1 (de) * 2002-07-05 2004-01-14 Corus Technology BV Verfahren zur fraktionierten Kristallisation von Metallschmelze
NL1023009C2 (nl) * 2003-03-25 2004-09-30 Univ Delft Tech Werkwijze voor het winnen van een metaal uit een mengsel.
WO2005049875A1 (en) * 2003-11-19 2005-06-02 Corus Technology Bv Method of cooling molten metal during fractional crystallisation
US7442228B2 (en) 2001-10-03 2008-10-28 Aleris Switzerland Gmbh C/O K+P Treuhangesellschaft Method and device for controlling the proportion of crystals in a liquid-crystal mixture
US7531023B2 (en) 2004-03-19 2009-05-12 Aleris Switzerland Gmbh Method for the purification of a molten metal
US7648559B2 (en) 2002-07-05 2010-01-19 Aleris Switzerland Gmbh C/O K+P Treuhangesellschaft Method for fractional crystallisation of a metal
US7892318B2 (en) 2006-06-28 2011-02-22 Aleris Switzerland Gmbh C/O K+P Treuhandgesellschaft Crystallisation method for the purification of a molten metal, in particular recycled aluminium
US7955414B2 (en) 2006-07-07 2011-06-07 Aleris Switzerland Gmbh Method and device for metal purification and separation of purified metal from metal mother liquid such as aluminium
CN102534246A (zh) * 2011-12-27 2012-07-04 昆明冶金研究院 一种高纯铝的制备方法
US8313554B2 (en) 2006-06-22 2012-11-20 Aleris Switzerland Gmbh Method for the separation of molten aluminium and solid inclusions
RU2731948C1 (ru) * 2019-10-16 2020-09-09 Юрий Иванович Осипов Способ очистки алюминия и его сплавов от интерметаллидов и иных неметаллических включений
CN113652553A (zh) * 2021-08-19 2021-11-16 武汉拓材科技有限公司 一种高纯镓的生产装置及方法
CN115747515A (zh) * 2022-11-25 2023-03-07 宁波锦越新材料有限公司 一种高纯铝连续提纯设备

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111575501A (zh) * 2020-06-24 2020-08-25 江苏金海铝业有限公司 一种电磁搅拌下的定向凝固提取超高纯铝的方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3163895A (en) * 1960-12-16 1965-01-05 Reynolds Metals Co Continuous casting
EP0027052A1 (de) * 1979-10-09 1981-04-15 Showa Aluminum Kabushiki Kaisha Verfahren zum Reinigen von Aluminium
US4275569A (en) * 1978-12-13 1981-06-30 Midland-Ross Corporation Internal cooling of heat exchanger tubes
EP0064966A1 (de) * 1981-05-12 1982-11-17 Hiroshi Ishizuka Vakuumvorrichtung zur Abtrennung von hitzebeständigem Metall aus Mischungen desselben mit Magnesium und/oder Magnesiumchlorid
US4469512A (en) * 1982-07-29 1984-09-04 Showa Aluminum Corporation Process for producing high-purity aluminum
US4734127A (en) * 1984-10-02 1988-03-29 Nippon Light Metal Co., Ltd. Process and apparatus for refining aluminum

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3163895A (en) * 1960-12-16 1965-01-05 Reynolds Metals Co Continuous casting
US4275569A (en) * 1978-12-13 1981-06-30 Midland-Ross Corporation Internal cooling of heat exchanger tubes
EP0027052A1 (de) * 1979-10-09 1981-04-15 Showa Aluminum Kabushiki Kaisha Verfahren zum Reinigen von Aluminium
EP0064966A1 (de) * 1981-05-12 1982-11-17 Hiroshi Ishizuka Vakuumvorrichtung zur Abtrennung von hitzebeständigem Metall aus Mischungen desselben mit Magnesium und/oder Magnesiumchlorid
US4469512A (en) * 1982-07-29 1984-09-04 Showa Aluminum Corporation Process for producing high-purity aluminum
US4734127A (en) * 1984-10-02 1988-03-29 Nippon Light Metal Co., Ltd. Process and apparatus for refining aluminum

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, vol. 6, no. 57 (C-98)[935], 14th April 1982; & JP-A-56 169 736 (SUMITOMO KEIKINZOKU KOGYO K.K.) 26-12-1981 *

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5110352A (en) * 1990-05-28 1992-05-05 Showa Aluminum Corporation Method of producing aluminum material for use as electronic material
EP1288319A1 (de) * 2001-09-03 2003-03-05 Corus Technology BV Verfahren zum Reinigen einer Aluminium-Legierung
WO2003020991A1 (en) * 2001-09-03 2003-03-13 Corus Technology Bv Method for the purification of an aluminium alloy
US7442228B2 (en) 2001-10-03 2008-10-28 Aleris Switzerland Gmbh C/O K+P Treuhangesellschaft Method and device for controlling the proportion of crystals in a liquid-crystal mixture
EP1380658A1 (de) * 2002-07-05 2004-01-14 Corus Technology BV Verfahren zur fraktionierten Kristallisation von Metallschmelze
WO2004005558A1 (en) * 2002-07-05 2004-01-15 Corus Technology Bv Method for fractional crystallisation of a molten metal
US7648559B2 (en) 2002-07-05 2010-01-19 Aleris Switzerland Gmbh C/O K+P Treuhangesellschaft Method for fractional crystallisation of a metal
US7419530B2 (en) 2002-07-05 2008-09-02 Aleris Switzerland Gmbh C/O K+P Treuhangesellschaft Method for fractional crystallisation of a molten metal
NL1023009C2 (nl) * 2003-03-25 2004-09-30 Univ Delft Tech Werkwijze voor het winnen van een metaal uit een mengsel.
WO2004085686A2 (en) * 2003-03-25 2004-10-07 Technische Universiteit Delft Method of recovering a metal from a mixture by melt freeze fractionation
WO2004085686A3 (en) * 2003-03-25 2004-12-02 Univ Delft Tech Method of recovering a metal from a mixture by melt freeze fractionation
US7537639B2 (en) 2003-11-19 2009-05-26 Aleris Switzerland Gmbh Method of cooling molten metal during fractional crystallisation
CN100513601C (zh) * 2003-11-19 2009-07-15 阿勒里斯瑞士有限公司 在分步结晶的过程中冷却熔融金属的方法
WO2005049875A1 (en) * 2003-11-19 2005-06-02 Corus Technology Bv Method of cooling molten metal during fractional crystallisation
US7531023B2 (en) 2004-03-19 2009-05-12 Aleris Switzerland Gmbh Method for the purification of a molten metal
US8313554B2 (en) 2006-06-22 2012-11-20 Aleris Switzerland Gmbh Method for the separation of molten aluminium and solid inclusions
US7892318B2 (en) 2006-06-28 2011-02-22 Aleris Switzerland Gmbh C/O K+P Treuhandgesellschaft Crystallisation method for the purification of a molten metal, in particular recycled aluminium
US7955414B2 (en) 2006-07-07 2011-06-07 Aleris Switzerland Gmbh Method and device for metal purification and separation of purified metal from metal mother liquid such as aluminium
CN102534246A (zh) * 2011-12-27 2012-07-04 昆明冶金研究院 一种高纯铝的制备方法
WO2021071381A1 (ru) * 2019-10-11 2021-04-15 Юрий Иванович ОСИПОВ Способ очистки алюминия и его сплавов
RU2731948C1 (ru) * 2019-10-16 2020-09-09 Юрий Иванович Осипов Способ очистки алюминия и его сплавов от интерметаллидов и иных неметаллических включений
CN113652553A (zh) * 2021-08-19 2021-11-16 武汉拓材科技有限公司 一种高纯镓的生产装置及方法
CN115747515A (zh) * 2022-11-25 2023-03-07 宁波锦越新材料有限公司 一种高纯铝连续提纯设备
CN115747515B (zh) * 2022-11-25 2023-07-14 宁波锦越新材料有限公司 一种高纯铝连续提纯设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU4703289A (en) 1990-06-28
KR900010026A (ko) 1990-07-06
JPH02225633A (ja) 1990-09-07

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