EP0366902B1 - Procédé et dispositif pour le serrage de matière de moulage de fonderie - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour le serrage de matière de moulage de fonderie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0366902B1
EP0366902B1 EP89116348A EP89116348A EP0366902B1 EP 0366902 B1 EP0366902 B1 EP 0366902B1 EP 89116348 A EP89116348 A EP 89116348A EP 89116348 A EP89116348 A EP 89116348A EP 0366902 B1 EP0366902 B1 EP 0366902B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
valve
chamber
moulding
throttle element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89116348A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0366902A2 (fr
EP0366902A3 (fr
Inventor
Norbert Damm
Thomas Dr.-Ing. Parr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Badische Maschinenfabrik GmbH
BMD Badische Maschinenfabrik Durlach GmbH
Original Assignee
Badische Maschinenfabrik GmbH
BMD Badische Maschinenfabrik Durlach GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Badische Maschinenfabrik GmbH, BMD Badische Maschinenfabrik Durlach GmbH filed Critical Badische Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Publication of EP0366902A2 publication Critical patent/EP0366902A2/fr
Publication of EP0366902A3 publication Critical patent/EP0366902A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0366902B1 publication Critical patent/EP0366902B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C15/00—Moulding machines characterised by the compacting mechanism; Accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/12—Treating moulds or cores, e.g. drying, hardening
    • B22C9/123—Gas-hardening

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and devices for compressing foundry molding material which has been heaped up in a molding space above a model by means of a compressed gas which suddenly relaxes into the molding space with a relatively lower, then with a high pressure gradient and compresses the molding material as a result of the pressure surge.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method and a device for the compression of foundry molding material which is distinguished on the one hand by good compression values in critical model areas and on the other by a short cycle time.
  • the first section of the pressure curve expediently runs from atmospheric pressure to an intermediate value of 1 to 3 bar gauge pressure, the subsequent section from this intermediate value to the final pressure, which, as usual, is approximately 4 to 6 bar.
  • Different control mechanisms can be used so that a pressure increase with the desired different pressure gradients can be realized within one and the same pressure surge. It is particularly favorable to generate the pressure surge to generate the first, flatter pressure increase in such a way that the relaxation of the pressure surge from the pressure chamber into the molding space is artificially throttled during this period. If the second section should then begin with the higher pressure gradient, this throttling effect only needs to be canceled.
  • This procedure has the advantage that it is possible to work with the valve constructions that have already been tried and tested in practice and that one only has to delay the opening movement of this valve somewhat at the beginning. This then automatically results in an initially flat pressure rise, which then, when the valve opens further and without delay, changes to the steeper pressure rise already practiced.
  • a particularly expedient development of the invention consists in generating the pressure surge with its two differently steep sections only over the area of the molding material which is essentially above the model or the models, whereas the molding material in the edge area with the usual continuously steep pressure surge, without throttling.
  • the conventional molding machine with a pressure pulse (DE-A-3518 980) is used, in which the valve between the pressure chamber and the molding space is actuated by a hydraulic and / or pneumatic pressure medium.
  • an adjustable throttle valve need only be installed in a pressure medium line for controlling this valve.
  • the undensified molding material have a gas-permeable layer with reduced gas permeability in the area of high model contours, it is most advantageous to design this layer as a mechanical throttle element whose gas permeability is adjustable. As a result, a reduced gas permeability and thus the desired change in the rate of pressure rise can also be brought about at the beginning of the pressure pulse.
  • the flow cross section of the throttle element should be adjustable from about 0% to about 50%, in particular up to about 30% of the free cross section.
  • the opening time of the throttle element is adjustable to adapt to the model contour.
  • the throttle element can be opened at least partially during the opening movement of the pressure chamber valve.
  • the throttle element be formed by perforated plates which are displaceable relative to one another. In one position the perforated plates cover the holes of the neighboring plate, in the other position the perforated plates are aligned.
  • the throttle element does not have to extend over the entire cross section of the molding space, but is recommended if it is only in the area above of the model is arranged. In contrast, the rest of the area can remain free. Usually this is the edge area - however, the situation is reversed when shaping bathtubs.
  • the throttle element have bulkheads which plunge down into the molding material. These bulkheads extend through the filling frame and, if necessary, also a piece into the molding box.
  • Another device for performing the method according to the invention is based on DE-A-33 17 196 and is characterized in that two valves are provided between the pressure chamber or the pressure chambers on the one hand and the molding space on the other hand and that the one valve on the inner area of the molding space is connected, which is essentially above the model, whereas the other valve is connected to the model-free edge area of the molding space.
  • This enables a largely individual pressurization of individual areas of the molding space depending on the model conditions there. Due to bulkheads that dip into the sand, mutual influence of the pressure conditions is largely limited to the end of the pressure pulse.
  • the pressure in the molding space is first increased with an unusually low pressure gradient of 30 to 100 bar / sec until a pressure of approximately 1 to 3 bar is reached.
  • This first pressure section 1 then merges seamlessly into a substantially steeper pressure section 2, which has the pressure gradient of approximately 100 to 600 bar / sec that is customary in pulse compression.
  • the pressure equalization between the pressure chamber and the molding space is as before at around 3 to 6 bar.
  • the pressure reduction then begins, in which the compressed gas escapes through gaps in the molding space and / or through deliberately provided openings, and is optionally extracted. The latter comes into consideration if a reaction gas is used as the compressed gas which brings about a chemical hardening of the molding material.
  • the section 1 upstream of the conventional pressure increase 2 causes intensive fluidization of the filled molding material.
  • the resulting improved flowability benefits the pressure section 2, which is decisive for the compression, because this pressure section joins directly before the air from the pressure section 1 leaves the molding space.
  • the ventilation by the first pressure surge has already largely decayed when the second pressure surge begins.
  • the pressure curve according to the invention is therefore particularly suitable for molds with deep bales.
  • a pressure vessel 5 - in the exemplary embodiment for receiving compressed air - which is connected via a connection 6 from a pressure accumulator or from the company Compressed air network is fed.
  • the pressure vessel has a plate which is provided with a plurality of openings 8 in a rust-like manner in the area above the molding space.
  • a frame 9 is flanged to the top of the base 7, to which an exhaust air line with a valve 10 is in turn connected.
  • the pressure vessel 5 with the frame 9 on the one hand and the model plate 1 with model 2, molding box 3 and filling frame 4 on the other hand can be moved relative to one another in order to be able to fill the molding space with molding material up to just below the bottom 7. Before compression, the two assemblies are brought together and pressed tightly together at their interface.
  • a sealing covering 13 is attached to the underside of the valve plate within the area of the openings 12.
  • valve plate 11 is seated on a guide rod 14, which at the same time forms the piston rod of a piston 15 of a pressure medium cylinder 16. This and the control system are described below with reference to FIG. 3.
  • the pressure medium cylinder 16 is arranged in a hydraulic circuit, the pressure source of which is designated 17. This is, for example, a hydraulic pump that is fed from a tank 18. From the pressure source 17, the pressure medium reaches the pressure chamber 22 of the pressure medium cylinder 16 via a control slide 19, a check valve 20 and the feed line 21.
  • the pressure medium cylinder 16 has a gas pressure chamber 24 which connects to one Gas pressure accumulator 25 is connected.
  • This gas pressure accumulator 25 is divided by a movable piston 26 into a gas pressure chamber 27 and a hydraulic pressure chamber 28.
  • the hydraulic pressure chamber 28 is connected via a control slide 29 to a high pressure source 30, which is fed from the supply tank 18.
  • the piston 15 of the pressure medium cylinder 16 is extended on the hydraulic side with a piston rod 31 passing through the pressure chamber 22.
  • This upper piston rod 31 carries a cylindrical shoulder 32 and a conically tapered shoulder 33 directly on the shoulder of the piston 15, which forms a throttle with the cylindrical constriction 34 when the piston 15 moves upward.
  • the hydraulic feed line 21 also leads to a controllable check valve 23, the control line of which can be connected to the pressure source 17 via the control slide 19.
  • the pressure medium chamber is connected via a branch from the line 21 to an outlet tank 37 and a vent line 38 in a pressure-relieved manner.
  • the drain line 39 of the drain tank 37 opens into the hydraulic tank 18th
  • the aforementioned branch goes from the feed line 21 to an adjustable throttle 35 and a downstream control slide 36, both of which are connected in parallel to the check valve 23 are and which allow a slow drain of the pressure medium from the pressure chamber 22.
  • the throttle 35 which initially only releases a small return cross-section and, in conjunction with the open control slide 36, brakes the stroke movement of the piston 15 and thus the valve plate 11 and the flat pressure section 1 in the pressure diagram of FIG. 1 can be realized.
  • the check valve 23 After, for example, 50 milliseconds, the check valve 23 also jumps into the open position, so that the outflow from the pressure chamber 22 is released unhindered. The valve 11 then opens abruptly in the usual way up to the maximum opening position and thus generates the section 2 of the pressure curve.
  • valve 11 The closing of the valve 11 and the other control functions are described in detail in DE-OS 35 18 980, so that reference can be made to avoid repetition.
  • a proportional valve is particularly useful. It replaces the check valve 23, the throttle 35 and the spool 36.
  • FIG. 4 shows another implementation option for bringing about the pressure curve according to the invention. Only a schematic section of the molding machine is shown, consisting of model plate 1, model 2, molding box 3, filling frame 4 and a molding chamber opposite valve 40 closing pressure chamber 5.
  • the valve 40 is only shown schematically. This can be a construction according to FIG. 2 or any other valve construction. It is only necessary to ensure that this valve opens quickly enough to bring about a pressure rise rate of 100 to 600 bar / sec in the molding space above the molding material. In contrast, the valve 40 does not need to perform a delayed opening movement as described in FIGS. 2 and 3. The delayed rise in pressure at the beginning of the pressure curve is generated here in a different way and is limited to that area of the molding material which is approximately above the model.
  • a throttle element 41 is arranged in the space between the valve 40 and the top of the filled molding material.
  • This throttle element consists of two adjacent, horizontally displaceable, rust-like perforated plates, the holes of which are arranged so that they are almost or completely closed in one position of the throttle element, but are open in the other position.
  • Such grate plate valves and their actuation is known per se in molding machines, so that it need not be discussed in more detail here.
  • baffles 42 projecting downwards. These baffles are immersed in the molded material and extend close to or into the molding box. They are positioned so that they are roughly aligned with the outer contour of the models.
  • this throttle element is as follows: If the valve 40 is opened, the throttle element 41 is initially almost closed, so that the pressure pulse can only propagate unimpeded into the edge region A of the molding space.
  • the inner region B which is located below the throttle element 41, however, is only subjected to an attenuated pressure pulse, the pressure gradient of which corresponds to section 1 of the pressure curve in FIG. 1.
  • the throttle element 41 goes into its maximum open position and the pressure correspondingly increases with the pressure gradient of section 2 of FIG. 1.
  • the design according to FIG. 4 thus allows the pressure curve according to the invention to be used only in that area of the molding material which is essentially above the model, whereas the model-free edge area is subjected to a continuously steep characteristic curve by the conventional pressure pulse.
  • the design according to FIG. 5 permits an even more individual pressurization of different areas of the molding space.
  • the edge area A and inner area B are each connected to their own valves 50 and 51, respectively. Both valves can be opened separately by an individual delay circuit. They are either connected to a common or separate pressure chambers.
  • the separation between the areas of the molding space is made by walls 52 which enclose the outlet of the valve 51, then expand above the molding material to the cross section above the model and merge into the vertical guide plates 42.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Casting Devices For Molds (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)

Claims (17)

  1. Procédé pour tasser une matière de moulage de fonderie, déposée en vrac dans une chambre de moulage pardessus un modèle, à l'aide d'un gaz comprimé qui se détend brusquement avec un gradient de pression tout d'abord relativement faible, puis élevé, dans la chambre de moulage et tasse la matière de moulage sous l'effet de l'impulsion de pression, caractérisé en ce que les gradients de pression, qui possèdent des intensités différentes, sont produits en l'espace d'une seule impulsion de pression.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la valeur de la pression augmente dans une première phase avec un faible gradient de pression, de la pression atmosphérique jusqu'à une valeur intermédiaire d'une surpression comprise entre 1 et 3 bars, et dans une seconde section avec un gradient de pression supérieur, depuis la valeur intermédiaire jusqu'à la pression finale.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'impulsion de pression servant à produire une première section avec un faible gradient de pression est étranglée artificiellement lors de la détente dans la chambre de moulage, et cette action d'étranglement est supprimée pour l'obtention de la seconde section.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'étranglement de l'impulsion de pression est obtenu par ouverture retardée d'une soupape séparant la chambre de moulage du gaz comprimé.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'impulsion de pression est produite, dans ces deux sections uniquement sur une partie de la surface libre du matériau de moulage, notamment la partie qui est située essentiellement au-dessus du modèle, tandis que la matière de moulage est chargée ailleurs, notamment dans la zone ne comportant pas le modèle, par un gradient de pression usuel, présentent une pente continue.
  6. Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel la chambre de moulage est séparée par au moins une soupape (11) vis-à-vis du gaz comprimé stocké dans au moins une chambre de pression (5), et l'actionnement de cette soupape (11) est réalisé à l'aide d'un fluide hydraulique et/ou pneumatique sous pression, et la plaque-modèle (1) possède éventuellement des ouvertures de désaération, caractérisé en ce qu'une soupape (35) possède une section transversale de passage réglable et montée dans une canalisation pour le fluide comprimé, pour la commande de la soupape (11).
  7. Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel la chambre de moulage est séparée, par au moins une soupape (40), du gaz comprimé stocké dans au moins une chambre de pression (5) et la plaque-modèle (1) possède éventuellement des ouvertures de désaération, et dans lequel un élément d'étranglement (41), apte à laisser passer le gaz, est disposé au-dessus de la matière de moulage non tassée, caractérisé en ce que l'aptitude de l'élément d'étranglement (41) à laisser passer le gaz est réglable.
  8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la section transversale de passage de l'élément d'étranglement (41) est réglable entre environ 0% et environ 50% et notamment jusqu'à environ 30% de la section transversale libre.
  9. Dispositif selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que le temps d'ouverture de l'élément d'étranglement (41) est réglable.
  10. Dispositif selon la revendication 7,8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que le réglage de l'élément d'étranglement (41) dans le sens de l'ouverture s'effectue au moins en partie pendant le déplacement d'ouverture de la soupape (40).
  11. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 7 à 10, caractérisé en ce que l'élément d'étranglement (41) est formé par des plaques perforées, qui sont appliquées l'une contre l'autre et sont déplaçables l'une par rapport à l'autre.
  12. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 7 à 11, caractérisé en ce que l'élément d'étranglement (41) est disposé uniquement dans la zone (B) au-dessus des modèles (2).
  13. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 7 à 12, caractérisé en ce que l'élément d'étranglement (41) possède des cloisons (42) qui pénètrent dans la matière de moulage.
  14. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 ou 7, dans lequel la chambre de moulage est séparée par de soupapes vis-à-vis du gaz comprimé stocké dans au moins une chambre de pression, et la plaque-modèle (1) possède éventuellement des ouvertures de désaération, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu au moins deux soupapes (50,51) et qu'une soupape est raccordée à l'espace intérieur (B) de la chambre de moulage, qui est située essentiellement au-dessus des modèles, tandis que l'autre soupape (52) est raccordée à la zone ne comportant pas de modèle, notamment la zone marginale (A) de la chambre de moulage.
  15. Dispositif selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que le raccordement des soupapes (50,51) à leurs espaces respectifs (A,B) de la chambre de moulage est réalisé par des parois (52,42), qui pénètrent en partie dans la matière de moulage.
  16. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 7 à 15, caractérisé en ce que, dans le cas de sections transversales importantes de la chambre de moulage, l'espace intérieur (B) de la chambre de moulage est divisé en plusieurs espaces par des éléments supplémentaires d'étranglement ou des soupapes supplémentaires.
  17. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 7 à 16, caractérisé en ce que seul l'élément d'étranglement (41) ou la soupape (51) pour l'espace intérieur (B) produit l'allure de pression selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5 dans la chambre de moulage.
EP89116348A 1988-10-29 1989-09-05 Procédé et dispositif pour le serrage de matière de moulage de fonderie Expired - Lifetime EP0366902B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3836876 1988-10-29
DE3836876A DE3836876C2 (de) 1988-10-29 1988-10-29 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verdichten von Gießerei-Formstoff

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0366902A2 EP0366902A2 (fr) 1990-05-09
EP0366902A3 EP0366902A3 (fr) 1991-11-27
EP0366902B1 true EP0366902B1 (fr) 1994-04-13

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EP89116348A Expired - Lifetime EP0366902B1 (fr) 1988-10-29 1989-09-05 Procédé et dispositif pour le serrage de matière de moulage de fonderie

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US5020582A (fr)
EP (1) EP0366902B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3836876C2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2050744T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH682547A5 (de) * 1990-04-20 1993-10-15 Fischer Ag Georg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verdichten von körnigen Formstoffen.
CH686412A5 (de) * 1992-03-10 1996-03-29 Fischer Georg Giessereianlagen Verfahren zum Verdichten von Formsand fuer Giessformen.
CZ238594A3 (en) * 1993-10-27 1995-08-16 Fischer Georg Giessereianlagen Process of compacting foundry moulding material
DE19848048A1 (de) * 1998-10-19 2000-05-04 Josef Mertes Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verdichten von Formstoffen z. B. Gießerei-Formsand
CN104074813B (zh) * 2014-07-08 2016-04-06 陈俐丹 一种超前预防液压冲击力的控制方法
CN114713777B (zh) * 2022-04-15 2024-03-15 苏州明志科技股份有限公司 一种超大型射芯机射芯装置及其控制方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3916976A (en) * 1971-04-05 1975-11-04 Sherwin Williams Co Process for producing foundry sand molds
DE2361820C3 (de) * 1973-01-29 1975-07-03 Eugen Dipl.-Ing. 8871 Burtenbach Buehler Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Weitertransportieren eines aus horizontal geteilten kastenlosen Gießformen gebildeten Formstranges längs einer GIeB- und Kühlstrecke
JPS55147462A (en) * 1979-05-08 1980-11-17 Sintokogio Ltd Molding method of lower mold and squeeze plate device
DE2844464C2 (de) * 1978-10-12 1983-03-24 Bühler, Eugen, Dipl.-Ing., 8871 Burtenbach Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verdichten von Gießformen
DE3149172A1 (de) * 1981-12-11 1983-06-30 Georg Fischer AG, 8201 Schaffhausen "verfahren zur herstellung von formkoerpern mittels gasdruck"
EP0084627B1 (fr) * 1981-12-28 1986-05-07 BMD Badische Maschinenfabrik Durlach GmbH Dispositif pour comprimer du matériel de moulage pour fonderies
DE3319496A1 (de) * 1982-06-29 1983-12-29 VEB Kombinat Gießereianlagenbau und Gußerzeugnisse - GISAG -, DDR 7031 Leipzig Vorrichtung zum verdichten von giessereiformstoffen mittels druckimpulsen
CH659012A5 (de) * 1982-07-20 1986-12-31 Fischer Ag Georg Verfahren und vorrichtung zum verdichten von koernigen formstoffen.
DE3317196A1 (de) * 1983-05-11 1984-11-22 BMD Badische Maschinenfabrik Durlach GmbH, 7500 Karlsruhe Vorrichtung zum verdichten von giessereiformsand
DE3344520A1 (de) * 1983-12-09 1985-06-20 BMD Badische Maschinenfabrik Durlach GmbH, 7500 Karlsruhe Vorrichtung zum verdichten von giesserei-formstoff mittels druckgas
US4598756A (en) * 1984-09-04 1986-07-08 Kabushiki Kaisha Komatsu Seisakusho Method for making sand molds
DE3511283A1 (de) * 1985-03-28 1986-10-09 Dietmar Prof. Dr.-Ing. 5100 Aachen Boenisch Verfahren und vorrichtung zum verdichten von giessereiformstoffen
DE3518980A1 (de) * 1985-05-25 1986-11-27 BMD Badische Maschinenfabrik Durlach GmbH, 7500 Karlsruhe Vorrichtung zum verdichten von giesserei-formstoff mittels druckgas
CH672270A5 (fr) * 1986-12-17 1989-11-15 Fischer Ag Georg
DD260454A1 (de) * 1987-05-13 1988-09-28 Kunert Giesserei Maschbau Veb Verfahren und formmaschine zur herstellung von giessformen mittels gasdruckimpulsen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2050744T3 (es) 1994-06-01
EP0366902A2 (fr) 1990-05-09
DE3836876A1 (de) 1989-04-27
US5020582A (en) 1991-06-04
DE58907453D1 (de) 1994-05-19
DE3836876C2 (de) 1994-06-09
EP0366902A3 (fr) 1991-11-27

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